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  1. Article ; Online: Regulatory cytokine function in the respiratory tract.

    Branchett, William J / Lloyd, Clare M

    Mucosal immunology

    2019  Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 589–600

    Abstract: The respiratory tract is an important site of immune regulation; required to allow protective immunity against pathogens, while minimizing tissue damage and avoiding aberrant inflammatory responses to inhaled allergens. Several cell types work in concert ...

    Abstract The respiratory tract is an important site of immune regulation; required to allow protective immunity against pathogens, while minimizing tissue damage and avoiding aberrant inflammatory responses to inhaled allergens. Several cell types work in concert to control pulmonary immune responses and maintain tolerance in the respiratory tract, including regulatory and effector T cells, airway and interstitial macrophages, dendritic cells and the airway epithelium. The cytokines transforming growth factor β, interleukin (IL-) 10, IL-27, and IL-35 are key coordinators of immune regulation in tissues such as the lung. Here, we discuss the role of these cytokines during respiratory infection and allergic airway disease, highlighting the critical importance of cellular source and immunological context for the effects of these cytokines in vivo.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Immune Tolerance ; Lung/immunology ; Respiratory Mucosa/immunology ; Respiratory System/immunology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2411370-0
    ISSN 1935-3456 ; 1933-0219
    ISSN (online) 1935-3456
    ISSN 1933-0219
    DOI 10.1038/s41385-019-0158-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Experimental Mouse Models of Asthma and Analysis of CD4 T Cells.

    Branchett, William J / Walker, Simone A / Lloyd, Clare M

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2021  Volume 2285, Page(s) 329–348

    Abstract: Asthma is a highly prevalent lung disease, characterized by airway dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Asthma occurs in both children and adults, but frequently originates in early life. Heterogeneous asthma phenotypes exist, but Th2 cells are key ... ...

    Abstract Asthma is a highly prevalent lung disease, characterized by airway dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Asthma occurs in both children and adults, but frequently originates in early life. Heterogeneous asthma phenotypes exist, but Th2 cells are key players in a large proportion of cases, while other CD4+ T cell subsets are also implicated in driving and limiting pathology. In this chapter, we describe methods for establishing allergic airway disease to model asthma in adult and neonatal mice, along with protocols for measuring key disease parameters and quantifying and phenotyping CD4+ T cell subtypes.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Animals ; Asthma/immunology ; Asthma/metabolism ; Asthma/pathology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung/immunology ; Lung/metabolism ; Lung/pathology ; Male ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phenotype ; Research Design ; Workflow ; Mice
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-1311-5_25
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Transcriptomic analysis reveals diverse gene expression changes in airway macrophages during experimental allergic airway disease.

    Branchett, William J / O'Garra, Anne / Lloyd, Clare M

    Wellcome open research

    2020  Volume 5, Page(s) 101

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2398-502X
    ISSN 2398-502X
    DOI 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15875.2
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  4. Article ; Online: Blimp-1 and c-Maf regulate immune gene networks to protect against distinct pathways of pathobiont-induced colitis.

    Alvarez-Martinez, Marisol / Cox, Luke S / Pearson, Claire F / Branchett, William J / Chakravarty, Probir / Wu, Xuemei / Slawinski, Hubert / Al-Dibouni, Alaa / Samelis, Vasileios A / Gabryšová, Leona / Priestnall, Simon L / Suárez-Bonnet, Alejandro / Mikolajczak, Anna / Briscoe, James / Powrie, Fiona / O'Garra, Anne

    Nature immunology

    2024  

    Abstract: Intestinal immune responses to microbes are controlled by the cytokine IL-10 to avoid immune pathology. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing of colon lamina propria leukocytes (LPLs) along with RNA-seq and ATAC-seq of purified ... ...

    Abstract Intestinal immune responses to microbes are controlled by the cytokine IL-10 to avoid immune pathology. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing of colon lamina propria leukocytes (LPLs) along with RNA-seq and ATAC-seq of purified CD4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2016987-5
    ISSN 1529-2916 ; 1529-2908
    ISSN (online) 1529-2916
    ISSN 1529-2908
    DOI 10.1038/s41590-024-01814-z
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  5. Article ; Online: Pulmonary Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Phenotype Is Context Specific: Determining the Effect of Strain, Location, and Stimuli.

    Entwistle, Lewis J / Gregory, Lisa G / Oliver, Robert A / Branchett, William J / Puttur, Franz / Lloyd, Clare M

    Frontiers in immunology

    2020  Volume 10, Page(s) 3114

    Abstract: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are enriched at mucosal sites, including the lung, and play a central role in type 2 immunity and maintaining tissue homeostasis. As a result, since their discovery in 2010, research into ILC2s has increased markedly. ...

    Abstract Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are enriched at mucosal sites, including the lung, and play a central role in type 2 immunity and maintaining tissue homeostasis. As a result, since their discovery in 2010, research into ILC2s has increased markedly. Numerous strategies have been used to define ILC2s by flow cytometry, often utilizing different combinations of surface markers despite their expression being variable and context-dependent. In this study, we sought to generate a comprehensive characterization of pulmonary ILC2s, identifying stable and context specific markers from different pulmonary compartments following different airway exposures in different strains of mice. Our analysis revealed that pulmonary ILC2 surface marker phenotype is heterogeneous and is influenced by mouse strain, pulmonary location,
    MeSH term(s) Allergens/immunology ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Female ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunophenotyping ; Interleukin-33/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Species Specificity
    Chemical Substances Allergens ; Biomarkers ; Interleukin-33
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03114
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Airway macrophage-intrinsic TGF-β1 regulates pulmonary immunity during early-life allergen exposure.

    Branchett, William J / Cook, James / Oliver, Robert A / Bruno, Nicoletta / Walker, Simone A / Stölting, Helen / Mack, Matthias / O'Garra, Anne / Saglani, Sejal / Lloyd, Clare M

    The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

    2021  Volume 147, Issue 5, Page(s) 1892–1906

    Abstract: Background: Early life represents a major risk window for asthma development. However, the mechanisms controlling the threshold for establishment of allergic airway inflammation in early life are incompletely understood. Airway macrophages (AMs) ... ...

    Abstract Background: Early life represents a major risk window for asthma development. However, the mechanisms controlling the threshold for establishment of allergic airway inflammation in early life are incompletely understood. Airway macrophages (AMs) regulate pulmonary allergic responses and undergo TGF-β-dependent postnatal development, but the role of AM maturation factors such as TGF-β in controlling the threshold for pathogenic immune responses to inhaled allergens remains unclear.
    Objective: Our aim was to test the hypothesis that AM-derived TGF-β1 regulates pathogenic immunity to inhaled allergen in early life.
    Methods: Conditional knockout (Tgfb1
    Results: AM-intrinsic TGF-β1 was redundant for initial population of the neonatal lung with AMs, but AMs from Tgfb1
    Conclusion: Our results highlight a causal relationship between AM maturity, chemokines, and pathogenic immunity to environmental stimuli in early life and identify TGF-β1 as a key regulator of this.
    MeSH term(s) Allergens/immunology ; Animals ; Chemokines/immunology ; Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Lung/immunology ; Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Pyroglyphidae/immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/immunology ; Mice
    Chemical Substances Allergens ; Chemokines ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 121011-7
    ISSN 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
    ISSN (online) 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
    ISSN 0091-6749
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.01.026
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Blood transcriptomics reveal the evolution and resolution of the immune response in tuberculosis.

    Tabone, Olivier / Verma, Raman / Singhania, Akul / Chakravarty, Probir / Branchett, William J / Graham, Christine M / Lee, Jo / Trang, Tran / Reynier, Frederic / Leissner, Philippe / Kaiser, Karine / Rodrigue, Marc / Woltmann, Gerrit / Haldar, Pranabashis / O'Garra, Anne

    The Journal of experimental medicine

    2021  Volume 218, Issue 10

    Abstract: Blood transcriptomics have revealed major characteristics of the immune response in active TB, but the signature early after infection is unknown. In a unique clinically and temporally well-defined cohort of household contacts of active TB patients that ... ...

    Abstract Blood transcriptomics have revealed major characteristics of the immune response in active TB, but the signature early after infection is unknown. In a unique clinically and temporally well-defined cohort of household contacts of active TB patients that progressed to TB, we define minimal changes in gene expression in incipient TB increasing in subclinical and clinical TB. While increasing with time, changes in gene expression were highest at 30 d before diagnosis, with heterogeneity in the response in household TB contacts and in a published cohort of TB progressors as they progressed to TB, at a bulk cohort level and in individual progressors. Blood signatures from patients before and during anti-TB treatment robustly monitored the treatment response distinguishing early and late responders. Blood transcriptomics thus reveal the evolution and resolution of the immune response in TB, which may help in clinical management of the disease.
    MeSH term(s) Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use ; Biological Evolution ; Contact Tracing ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/genetics ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antitubercular Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218343-2
    ISSN 1540-9538 ; 0022-1007
    ISSN (online) 1540-9538
    ISSN 0022-1007
    DOI 10.1084/jem.20210915
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: A T cell-myeloid IL-10 axis regulates pathogenic IFN-γ-dependent immunity in a mouse model of type 2-low asthma.

    Branchett, William J / Stölting, Helen / Oliver, Robert A / Walker, Simone A / Puttur, Franz / Gregory, Lisa G / Gabryšová, Leona / Wilson, Mark S / O'Garra, Anne / Lloyd, Clare M

    The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

    2019  Volume 145, Issue 2, Page(s) 666–678.e9

    Abstract: Background: Although originally defined as a type 2 (T2) immune-mediated condition, non-T2 cytokines, such as IFN-γ and IL-17A, have been implicated in asthma pathogenesis, particularly in patients with severe disease. IL-10 regulates T: Objective: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Although originally defined as a type 2 (T2) immune-mediated condition, non-T2 cytokines, such as IFN-γ and IL-17A, have been implicated in asthma pathogenesis, particularly in patients with severe disease. IL-10 regulates T
    Objective: We sought to determine how IL-10 regulates the balance of T
    Methods: Allergic airway disease was induced in wild-type, IL-10 reporter, and conditional IL-10 or IL-10 receptor α (IL-10Rα) knockout mice by means of repeated intranasal administration of house dust mite (HDM). IL-10 and IFN-γ signaling were disrupted by using blocking antibodies.
    Results: Repeated HDM inhalation induced a mixed IL-13/IL-17A response and accumulation of IL-10-producing forkhead box P3-negative effector CD4
    Conclusions: IL-10 from effector T cells signals to CD11c
    MeSH term(s) Allergens/immunology ; Animals ; Asthma/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Interleukin-10/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Myeloid Cells/immunology ; Pyroglyphidae/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
    Chemical Substances Allergens ; IL10 protein, mouse ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8) ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 121011-7
    ISSN 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
    ISSN (online) 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
    ISSN 0091-6749
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.08.006
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  9. Article ; Online: Inception of early-life allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness is reliant on IL-13

    Saglani, Sejal / Gregory, Lisa G / Manghera, Avneet K / Branchett, William J / Uwadiae, Faith / Entwistle, Lewis J / Oliver, R A / Vasiliou, Jessica E / Sherburn, Rebekah / Lui, Stephen / Puttur, F / Vöhringer, David / Walker, Simone A / Buckley, James / Grychtol, Ruth / Fainardi, Valentina / Denney, Laura / Byrne, Adam / von Mutius, Erika /
    Bush, Andrew / Lloyd, Clare M

    Science immunology

    2018  Volume 3, Issue 27

    Abstract: Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a critical feature of wheezing and asthma in children, but the initiating immune mechanisms remain unconfirmed. We demonstrate that both recombinant interleukin-33 (rIL-33) and allergen [house dust mite (HDM) ... ...

    Abstract Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a critical feature of wheezing and asthma in children, but the initiating immune mechanisms remain unconfirmed. We demonstrate that both recombinant interleukin-33 (rIL-33) and allergen [house dust mite (HDM) or
    MeSH term(s) Acinetobacter/immunology ; Allergens/immunology ; Alternaria/immunology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Female ; Interleukin-13/immunology ; Interleukin-33/genetics ; Male ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, SCID ; Pyroglyphidae/immunology ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunology
    Chemical Substances Allergens ; Il33 protein, mouse ; Interleukin-13 ; Interleukin-33
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2470-9468
    ISSN (online) 2470-9468
    DOI 10.1126/sciimmunol.aan4128
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  10. Article ; Online: Transcriptional profiling unveils type I and II interferon networks in blood and tissues across diseases.

    Singhania, Akul / Graham, Christine M / Gabryšová, Leona / Moreira-Teixeira, Lúcia / Stavropoulos, Evangelos / Pitt, Jonathan M / Chakravarty, Probir / Warnatsch, Annika / Branchett, William J / Conejero, Laura / Lin, Jing-Wen / Davidson, Sophia / Wilson, Mark S / Bancroft, Gregory / Langhorne, Jean / Frickel, Eva / Sesay, Abdul K / Priestnall, Simon L / Herbert, Eleanor /
    Ioannou, Marianna / Wang, Qian / Humphreys, Ian R / Dodd, Jonathan / Openshaw, Peter J M / Mayer-Barber, Katrin D / Jankovic, Dragana / Sher, Alan / Lloyd, Clare M / Baldwin, Nicole / Chaussabel, Damien / Papayannopoulos, Venizelos / Wack, Andreas / Banchereau, Jacques F / Pascual, Virginia M / O'Garra, Anne

    Nature communications

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 2887

    Abstract: Understanding how immune challenges elicit different responses is critical for diagnosing and deciphering immune regulation. Using a modular strategy to interpret the complex transcriptional host response in mouse models of infection and inflammation, we ...

    Abstract Understanding how immune challenges elicit different responses is critical for diagnosing and deciphering immune regulation. Using a modular strategy to interpret the complex transcriptional host response in mouse models of infection and inflammation, we show a breadth of immune responses in the lung. Lung immune signatures are dominated by either IFN-γ and IFN-inducible, IL-17-induced neutrophil- or allergy-associated gene expression. Type I IFN and IFN-γ-inducible, but not IL-17- or allergy-associated signatures, are preserved in the blood. While IL-17-associated genes identified in lung are detected in blood, the allergy signature is only detectable in blood CD4
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Burkholderia pseudomallei ; Candida albicans ; Candidiasis/immunology ; Candidiasis/metabolism ; Candidiasis/microbiology ; Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; Interferon Type I/blood ; Interferon Type I/genetics ; Interferon Type I/metabolism ; Interferon-gamma/blood ; Interferon-gamma/genetics ; Interferon-gamma/metabolism ; Lung ; Melioidosis/immunology ; Melioidosis/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/genetics ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/metabolism ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology ; Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta ; Receptors, Interferon ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/metabolism ; Interferon gamma Receptor
    Chemical Substances Ifnar1 protein, mouse ; Interferon Type I ; Receptors, Interferon ; Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta (156986-95-7) ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-10601-6
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