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Article ; Online: N-Terminal Proline Editing for the Synthesis of Peptides with Mercaptoproline and Selenoproline: Mechanistic Insights Lead to Greater Efficiency in Proline Native Chemical Ligation.

Ludwig, Brice A / Forbes, Christina R / Zondlo, Neal J

ACS chemical biology

2024 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 536–550

Abstract: Native chemical ligation (NCL) at proline has been limited by cost and synthetic access. In addition, prior examples of NCL using mercaptoproline have exhibited stalling of the reaction after thioester exchange, due to ... ...

Abstract	Native chemical ligation (NCL) at proline has been limited by cost and synthetic access. In addition, prior examples of NCL using mercaptoproline have exhibited stalling of the reaction after thioester exchange, due to inefficient
MeSH term(s)	Proline ; Hydroxyproline ; Peptides/chemistry ; Amides ; Sulfur Compounds
Chemical Substances	Proline (9DLQ4CIU6V) ; Hydroxyproline (RMB44WO89X) ; Peptides ; Amides ; Sulfur Compounds
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1554-8937
ISSN (online)	1554-8937
DOI	10.1021/acschembio.3c00705
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Article ; Online: Long-term memory interference is resolved via repulsion and precision along diagnostic memory dimensions.

Drascher, Maxwell L / Kuhl, Brice A

Psychonomic bulletin & review

2022 Volume 29, Issue 5, Page(s) 1898–1912

Abstract: When memories share similar features, this can lead to interference, and ultimately forgetting. With experience, however, interference can be resolved. This raises the important question of how memories change, with experience, to minimize interference. ... ...

Abstract	When memories share similar features, this can lead to interference, and ultimately forgetting. With experience, however, interference can be resolved. This raises the important question of how memories change, with experience, to minimize interference. Intuitively, interference might be minimized by increasing the precision and accuracy of memories. However, recent evidence suggests a potentially adaptive role for memory distortions. Namely, similarity can trigger exaggerations of subtle differences between memories (repulsion). Here, we tested whether repulsion specifically occurs on feature dimensions along which memories compete and whether repulsion is predictive of reduced memory interference. To test these ideas, we developed synthetic faces in a two-dimensional face space (affect and gender). This allowed us to precisely manipulate similarity between faces and the feature dimension along which faces differed. In three experiments, participants learned to associate faces with unique cue words. Associative memory tests confirmed that when faces were similar (face pairmates), this produced interference. Using a continuous face reconstruction task, we found two changes in face memory that preferentially occurred along the feature dimension that was "diagnostic" of the difference between face pairmates: (1) there was a bias to remember pairmates with exaggerated differences (repulsion) and (2) there was an increase in the precision of feature memory. Critically, repulsion and precision were each associated with reduced associative memory interference, but these were statistically dissociable contributions. Collectively, our findings reveal that similarity between memories triggers dissociable, experience-dependent changes that serve an adaptive role in reducing interference.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Learning ; Memory ; Memory, Long-Term ; Mental Recall
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2031311-1
ISSN	1531-5320 ; 1069-9384
ISSN (online)	1531-5320
ISSN	1069-9384
DOI	10.3758/s13423-022-02082-4
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Article ; Online: Building Research Initiatives by Developing Group Effort (BRIDGE): Patient-Partners in Aphasia Research.

Brice, Alejandro / Hinckley, Jacqueline

Seminars in speech and language

2022 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 426–444

Abstract: Researcher-initiated research often has little or no input from the groups who will be affected by the results of the research. The aim of this project was to describe practices of embracing patient-partners (i.e., individuals with aphasia and spouses/ ... ...

Abstract	Researcher-initiated research often has little or no input from the groups who will be affected by the results of the research. The aim of this project was to describe practices of embracing patient-partners (i.e., individuals with aphasia and spouses/family members) in research. Six webinars were developed for both researchers and patient-partners that were required prior to participating in a joint conference that focused on collaborative research teams. The conference was designed based on an appreciative inquiry approach. Including patient-partners into research priorities and planning has been accomplished across various health domains in the United States, but this was the first organized national effort, in the United States, to support the inclusion of people with aphasia and their families as active partners in the research process. Consequently, it is hoped that future aphasia researchers also include patient-partner teams into their research process for more ecologically valid outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Aphasia/therapy ; Spouses ; Family
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604960-6
ISSN	1098-9056 ; 0734-0478
ISSN (online)	1098-9056
ISSN	0734-0478
DOI	10.1055/s-0042-1756644
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Article ; Online: Mapping multidimensional content representations to neural and behavioral expressions of episodic memory.

Wang, Yingying / Lee, Hongmi / Kuhl, Brice A

NeuroImage

2023 Volume 277, Page(s) 120222

Abstract: Human neuroimaging studies have shown that the contents of episodic memories are represented in distributed patterns of neural activity. However, these studies have mostly been limited to decoding simple, unidimensional properties of stimuli. Semantic ... ...

Abstract	Human neuroimaging studies have shown that the contents of episodic memories are represented in distributed patterns of neural activity. However, these studies have mostly been limited to decoding simple, unidimensional properties of stimuli. Semantic encoding models, in contrast, offer a means for characterizing the rich, multidimensional information that comprises episodic memories. Here, we extensively sampled four human fMRI subjects to build semantic encoding models and then applied these models to reconstruct content from natural scene images as they were viewed and recalled from memory. First, we found that multidimensional semantic information was successfully reconstructed from activity patterns across visual and lateral parietal cortices, both when viewing scenes and when recalling them from memory. Second, whereas visual cortical reconstructions were much more accurate when images were viewed versus recalled from memory, lateral parietal reconstructions were comparably accurate across visual perception and memory. Third, by applying natural language processing methods to verbal recall data, we showed that fMRI-based reconstructions reliably matched subjects' verbal descriptions of their memories. In fact, reconstructions from ventral temporal cortex more closely matched subjects' own verbal recall than other subjects' verbal recall of the same images. Fourth, encoding models reliably transferred across subjects: memories were successfully reconstructed using encoding models trained on data from entirely independent subjects. Together, these findings provide evidence for successful reconstructions of multidimensional and idiosyncratic memory representations and highlight the differential sensitivity of visual cortical and lateral parietal regions to information derived from the external visual environment versus internally-generated memories.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Memory, Episodic ; Brain Mapping ; Mental Recall ; Visual Perception ; Parietal Lobe ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1147767-2
ISSN	1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
ISSN (online)	1095-9572
ISSN	1053-8119
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120222
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Article ; Online: Monogenic PD in Brazil: a step towards precision medicine.

Courtin, Thomas / Brice, Alexis

Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria

2021 Volume 79, Issue 7, Page(s) 563–564

MeSH term(s)	Brazil ; Humans ; Precision Medicine
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-11
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	418916-4
ISSN	1678-4227 ; 0004-282X
ISSN (online)	1678-4227
ISSN	0004-282X
DOI	10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2021-E007
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Article ; Online: Cortical Representations of Visual Stimuli Shift Locations with Changes in Memory States.

Long, Nicole M / Kuhl, Brice A

Current biology : CB

2021 Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 1119–1126.e5

Abstract: Episodic memory retrieval is thought to rely on reactivation of the same content-sensitive neural activity patterns initially expressed during memory encoding. ...

Abstract	Episodic memory retrieval is thought to rely on reactivation of the same content-sensitive neural activity patterns initially expressed during memory encoding.
MeSH term(s)	Brain ; Brain Mapping ; Humans ; Memory, Episodic ; Mental Recall ; Parietal Lobe
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1071731-6
ISSN	1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
ISSN (online)	1879-0445
ISSN	0960-9822
DOI	10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.004
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Article ; Online: Perception and memory have distinct spatial tuning properties in human visual cortex.

Favila, Serra E / Kuhl, Brice A / Winawer, Jonathan

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 5864

Abstract: Reactivation of earlier perceptual activity is thought to underlie long-term memory recall. Despite evidence for this view, it is unclear whether mnemonic activity exhibits the same tuning properties as feedforward perceptual activity. Here, we leverage ... ...

Abstract	Reactivation of earlier perceptual activity is thought to underlie long-term memory recall. Despite evidence for this view, it is unclear whether mnemonic activity exhibits the same tuning properties as feedforward perceptual activity. Here, we leverage population receptive field models to parameterize fMRI activity in human visual cortex during spatial memory retrieval. Though retinotopic organization is present during both perception and memory, large systematic differences in tuning are also evident. Whereas there is a three-fold decline in spatial precision from early to late visual areas during perception, this pattern is not observed during memory retrieval. This difference cannot be explained by reduced signal-to-noise or poor performance on memory trials. Instead, by simulating top-down activity in a network model of cortex, we demonstrate that this property is well explained by the hierarchical structure of the visual system. Together, modeling and empirical results suggest that computational constraints imposed by visual system architecture limit the fidelity of memory reactivation in sensory cortex.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Visual Cortex/diagnostic imaging ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Mental Recall/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Perception ; Visual Perception/physiology ; Brain Mapping
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-33161-8
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Article ; Online: What Kigali's open-air markets reveal about achieving food and nutrition security: the role of African indigenous crops.

Baraka, Eugene / Willis, Mary S / Ishimwe, Brice A

Agriculture & food security

2022 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 17

Abstract: Background: Household dietary diversity in Rwanda remains low and significantly contributes to the double burden of malnutrition. Rwanda has one of the highest under five stunting rates globally, and malnutrition remains one of the most pressing public ... ...

Abstract	Background: Household dietary diversity in Rwanda remains low and significantly contributes to the double burden of malnutrition. Rwanda has one of the highest under five stunting rates globally, and malnutrition remains one of the most pressing public health issues; therefore, factors that shape food and nutrition security are of utmost concern. Globally, the variety of foods available in open-air markets has been shown to affect dietary diversity. Furthermore, the consumption of indigenous foods can contribute to a diverse diet and improve nutrition status. At present, there are limited data on foods available for purchase in open-air markets in Africa. Therefore, this study was designed to provide data on food availability in the largest open-air markets of Rwanda's most populated city, Kigali, and to highlight which foods indigenous to Africa can be purchased. Methods: All consumables were inventoried between October and December of 2020 in three open-air markets of Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. Consumables were organized by the site of domestication and the nutritional contents of some African indigenous crops were compared to similar non-indigenous items. Results: A variety of raw and processed consumables was available in the open-air markets inventoried; however, only 25.8% of available species are indigenous to Africa. All Rwanda's staples, including sweet potatoes, plantains, beans, maize, banana, and cassava, are endemic to other continents. Indigenous plant species, which are often drought-resistant and more nutritious, for example, Africa's pineapple fruits ( Conclusions: Given rapid population growth, limited arable land, and erratic climate patterns, policies to conserve and promote indigenous species, especially those already adapted to harsh environmental conditions, should be enacted in Rwanda. The cultivation of native vegetables and fruits in home gardens, and the conservation of edible wild species, can improve dietary diversity and enhance food and nutrition security across the entire country.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662504-0
ISSN	2048-7010 ; 2048-7010
ISSN (online)	2048-7010
ISSN	2048-7010
DOI	10.1186/s40066-022-00359-4
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive Onboarding and Orientation to Support Newly Hired Faculty in a Nursing Program.

Young-Brice, Amber / Farrar-Stern, Kylateia / Malin, Michele

Nurse educator

2022 Volume 47, Issue 6, Page(s) 347–351

Abstract: Background: Nursing programs are challenged with retaining nurse faculty due to many complex factors, one being the problem of suboptimal transition to the role.: Purpose: The purpose of this project was to assess the impact of an onboarding and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Nursing programs are challenged with retaining nurse faculty due to many complex factors, one being the problem of suboptimal transition to the role. Purpose: The purpose of this project was to assess the impact of an onboarding and orientation program, the Teaching Excellence Program (TEP), on the transition of newly hired nurse faculty. Methods: Program assessment data, including quantitative and qualitative measures of 14 participants' needs and experiences, were collected over one academic year. Results: A Wilcoxon signed-rank test found no discernible difference between the preprogram and postprogram survey responses. Qualitatively, participants reported positive experiences with the TEP, highlighting the value of being in a cohort that created a sense of belonging within the college and university. Conclusion: The inclusion of programming such as the TEP can be used as a recruitment and retention tool, especially as we navigate faculty shortages and develop clinicians as faculty members.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Nursing Education Research ; Personnel Selection ; Faculty ; Program Evaluation ; Cohort Studies ; Faculty, Nursing
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1034267-9
ISSN	1538-9855 ; 0363-3624
ISSN (online)	1538-9855
ISSN	0363-3624
DOI	10.1097/NNE.0000000000001242
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Article: What Kigali’s open-air markets reveal about achieving food and nutrition security: the role of African indigenous crops

Baraka, Eugene / Willis, Mary S. / Ishimwe, Brice A.

Agriculture & food security. 2022 Dec., v. 11, no. 1

2022

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Household dietary diversity in Rwanda remains low and significantly contributes to the double burden of malnutrition. Rwanda has one of the highest under five stunting rates globally, and malnutrition remains one of the most pressing public ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Household dietary diversity in Rwanda remains low and significantly contributes to the double burden of malnutrition. Rwanda has one of the highest under five stunting rates globally, and malnutrition remains one of the most pressing public health issues; therefore, factors that shape food and nutrition security are of utmost concern. Globally, the variety of foods available in open-air markets has been shown to affect dietary diversity. Furthermore, the consumption of indigenous foods can contribute to a diverse diet and improve nutrition status. At present, there are limited data on foods available for purchase in open-air markets in Africa. Therefore, this study was designed to provide data on food availability in the largest open-air markets of Rwanda’s most populated city, Kigali, and to highlight which foods indigenous to Africa can be purchased. METHODS: All consumables were inventoried between October and December of 2020 in three open-air markets of Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. Consumables were organized by the site of domestication and the nutritional contents of some African indigenous crops were compared to similar non-indigenous items. RESULTS: A variety of raw and processed consumables was available in the open-air markets inventoried; however, only 25.8% of available species are indigenous to Africa. All Rwanda’s staples, including sweet potatoes, plantains, beans, maize, banana, and cassava, are endemic to other continents. Indigenous plant species, which are often drought-resistant and more nutritious, for example, Africa’s pineapple fruits (Myrianthus holstii), could not be purchased in Kigali’s open-air markets. Pineapple fruits are richer in iron, vitamin C, protein, and vitamin A than banana, which is the most consumed fruit in Rwanda. CONCLUSIONS: Given rapid population growth, limited arable land, and erratic climate patterns, policies to conserve and promote indigenous species, especially those already adapted to harsh environmental conditions, should be enacted in Rwanda. The cultivation of native vegetables and fruits in home gardens, and the conservation of edible wild species, can improve dietary diversity and enhance food and nutrition security across the entire country.
Keywords	agriculture ; arable soils ; ascorbic acid ; bananas ; cassava ; climate ; corn ; diet ; domestication ; drought tolerance ; food availability ; food security ; fruits ; indigenous species ; iron ; malnutrition ; nutritional status ; pineapples ; population growth ; public health ; vitamin A ; Rwanda
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-12
Size	p. 17.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2662504-0
ISSN	2048-7010
ISSN	2048-7010
DOI	10.1186/s40066-022-00359-4
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