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Article ; Online: Targeted Nutrition in Chronic Disease.

Bergman, Peter / Brighenti, Susanna

2020 Volume 12, Issue 6

Abstract: Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [ ... ]. ...

Abstract	Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [...].
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Disease/epidemiology ; Chronic Disease/prevention & control ; Chronic Disease/therapy ; Diet, Healthy ; Dietary Supplements ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Nutrition Therapy/methods ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology ; Public Health ; Recommended Dietary Allowances
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu12061682
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Targeted Nutrition in Chronic Disease

Bergman, Peter / Brighenti, Susanna

Nutrients. 2020 June 05, v. 12, no. 6

2020

Abstract: Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [ ... ] ...

Abstract	Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [...]
Keywords	chronic diseases ; nutrition ; population ; public health
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0605
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu12061682
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Targeted Nutrition in Chronic Disease

Bergman, Peter / Brighenti, Susanna

Nutrients

Abstract: Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [ ... ]. ...

Abstract	Today, chronic disease is a major public health problem around the world that is rapidly increasing with a growing and aging population [...].
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #707833
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Inflammatory immune profiles associated with disease severity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with moderate to severe clinical TB or anemia.

Ashenafi, Senait / Loreti, Marco Giulio / Bekele, Amsalu / Aseffa, Getachew / Amogne, Wondwossen / Kassa, Endale / Aderaye, Getachew / Brighenti, Susanna

Frontiers in immunology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1296501

Abstract: Background: Immune control of : Methods: Plasma samples were obtained from n=107 patients with active pulmonary TB at the time of diagnosis and after start of standard chemotherapy. A composite clinical TB symptoms score, blood hemoglobin status and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Immune control of Methods: Plasma samples were obtained from n=107 patients with active pulmonary TB at the time of diagnosis and after start of standard chemotherapy. A composite clinical TB symptoms score, blood hemoglobin status and chest X-ray imaging were used to sub-group TB patients into 1.) mild and moderate-severe clinical TB, 2.) anemic and non-anemic TB, or 3.) limited and extensive lung involvement. Plasma levels of biomarkers associated with inflammation pathways were assessed using a Bio-Plex Magpix 37-multiplex assay. In parallel, Th1/Th2 cytokines were quantified with a 27-multiplex in matched plasma and cell culture supernatants from whole blood stimulated with Results: Clinical TB disease severity correlated with low blood hemoglobin levels and anemia but not with radiological findings in this study cohort. Multiplex protein analyses revealed that distinct clusters of inflammation markers and cytokines separated the different TB disease sub-groups with variable efficacy. Several top-ranked markers overlapped, while other markers were unique with regards to their importance to differentiate the TB disease severity groups. A distinct immune response profile defined by elevated levels of BAFF, LIGHT, sTNF-R1 and 2, IP-10, osteopontin, chitinase-3-like protein 1, and IFNα2 and IL-8, were most effective in separating TB patients with different clinical disease severity and were also promising candidates for treatment monitoring. TB patients with mild disease displayed immune polarization towards mixed Th1/Th2 responses, while pro-inflammatory and B cell stimulating cytokines as well as immunomodulatory mediators predominated in moderate-severe TB disease and anemia of TB. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that clinical disease severity in TB is associated with anemia and distinct inflammatory immune profiles. These results contribute to the understanding of immunopathology in pulmonary TB and define top-ranked inflammatory mediators as biomarkers of disease severity and treatment prognosis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Cytokines ; Patient Acuity ; Biomarkers ; Anemia ; Hemoglobins ; Inflammation
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Biomarkers ; Hemoglobins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1296501
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Article ; Online: Regulation of Immunity to Tuberculosis.

Brighenti, Susanna / Ordway, Diane J

Microbiology spectrum

2017 Volume 4, Issue 6

Abstract: Immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires a balance between adaptive immune responses to constrain bacterial replication and the prevention of potentially damaging immune activation. Regulatory T (Treg) cells express the transcription factor ... ...

Abstract	Immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires a balance between adaptive immune responses to constrain bacterial replication and the prevention of potentially damaging immune activation. Regulatory T (Treg) cells express the transcription factor Foxp3+ and constitute an essential counterbalance of inflammatory Th1 responses and are required to maintain immune homeostasis. The first reports describing the presence of Foxp3-expressing CD4+ Treg cells in tuberculosis (TB) emerged in 2006. Different Treg cell subsets, most likely specialized for different tissues and microenvironments, have been shown to expand in both human TB and animal models of TB. Recently, additional functional roles for Treg cells have been demonstrated during different stages and spectrums of TB disease. Foxp3+ regulatory cells can quickly expand during early infection and impede the onset of cellular immunity and persist during chronic TB infection. Increased frequencies of Treg cells have been associated with a detrimental outcome of active TB, and may be dependent on the M. tuberculosis strain, animal model, local environment, and the stage of infection. Some investigations also suggest that Treg cells are required together with effector T cell responses to obtain reduced pathology and sterilizing immunity. In this review, we will first provide an overview of the regulatory cells and mechanisms that control immune homeostasis. Then, we will review what is known about the phenotype and function of Treg cells from studies in human TB and experimental animal models of TB. We will discuss the potential role of Treg cells in the progression of TB disease and the relevance of this knowledge for future efforts to prevent, modulate, and treat TB.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; Th1 Cells/immunology ; Tuberculosis/immunology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2165-0497
ISSN (online)	2165-0497
DOI	10.1128/microbiolspec.TBTB2-0006-2016
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Article: Anemia Is a Strong Predictor of Wasting, Disease Severity, and Progression, in Clinical Tuberculosis (TB)

Ashenafi, Senait / Bekele, Amsalu / Aseffa, Getachew / Amogne, Wondwossen / Kassa, Endale / Aderaye, Getachew / Worku, Alemayehu / Bergman, Peter / Brighenti, Susanna

Nutrients. 2022 Aug. 12, v. 14, no. 16

2022

Abstract: A typical trait of chronic tuberculosis (TB) is substantial weight loss that concurs with a drop in blood hemoglobin (Hb) levels, causing anemia. In this observational study, we explored Hb levels in 345 pulmonary TB patients. They were divided into ... ...

Abstract	A typical trait of chronic tuberculosis (TB) is substantial weight loss that concurs with a drop in blood hemoglobin (Hb) levels, causing anemia. In this observational study, we explored Hb levels in 345 pulmonary TB patients. They were divided into anemic or non-anemic groups which related to clinical symptoms, anthropometric measurements, and immune status. Data was obtained in a randomized controlled trial that we previously conducted using nutritional supplementation of TB patients in Ethiopia. A post hoc analysis demonstrated that anemic patients have a higher composite clinical TB score at baseline than non-anemic patients. Consequently, Hb values were significantly lower in underweight patients with moderate to severe disease and/or cavitary TB compared to normal weight patients with mild disease or non-cavitary TB. Anemia was associated with a low body mass index (BMI), low mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), lower peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cells counts and IFN-γ levels, and a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Chronic inflammation and TB disease progression appeared to be driven by elevated systemic levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in anemic patients. Multivariable modeling confirmed that a low Hb and a low BMI were key variables related to an unfavorable TB disease status. Although Hb levels increased with successful chemotherapy, anemic TB patients maintained a slower clinical recovery compared to non-anemic patients during the intensive phase treatment (two months). In conclusion, anemia is a strong predictor of wasting, disease severity, inflammation, and slower recovery in patients with pulmonary TB.
Keywords	anemia ; arm circumference ; blood ; body mass index ; dietary supplements ; disease progression ; disease severity ; drug therapy ; erythrocyte sedimentation rate ; hemoglobin ; inflammation ; interleukin-6 ; observational studies ; randomized clinical trials ; tuberculosis ; underweight ; weight loss ; Ethiopia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0812
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14163318
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Anemia Is a Strong Predictor of Wasting, Disease Severity, and Progression, in Clinical Tuberculosis (TB).

Ashenafi, Senait / Bekele, Amsalu / Aseffa, Getachew / Amogne, Wondwossen / Kassa, Endale / Aderaye, Getachew / Worku, Alemayehu / Bergman, Peter / Brighenti, Susanna

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 16

Abstract	A typical trait of chronic tuberculosis (TB) is substantial weight loss that concurs with a drop in blood hemoglobin (Hb) levels, causing anemia. In this observational study, we explored Hb levels in 345 pulmonary TB patients. They were divided into anemic or non-anemic groups which related to clinical symptoms, anthropometric measurements, and immune status. Data was obtained in a randomized controlled trial that we previously conducted using nutritional supplementation of TB patients in Ethiopia. A post hoc analysis demonstrated that anemic patients have a higher composite clinical TB score at baseline than non-anemic patients. Consequently, Hb values were significantly lower in underweight patients with moderate to severe disease and/or cavitary TB compared to normal weight patients with mild disease or non-cavitary TB. Anemia was associated with a low body mass index (BMI), low mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), lower peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cells counts and IFN-γ levels, and a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Chronic inflammation and TB disease progression appeared to be driven by elevated systemic levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in anemic patients. Multivariable modeling confirmed that a low Hb and a low BMI were key variables related to an unfavorable TB disease status. Although Hb levels increased with successful chemotherapy, anemic TB patients maintained a slower clinical recovery compared to non-anemic patients during the intensive phase treatment (two months). In conclusion, anemia is a strong predictor of wasting, disease severity, inflammation, and slower recovery in patients with pulmonary TB.
MeSH term(s)	Anemia/complications ; Anemia/etiology ; Body Mass Index ; Cachexia/complications ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Severity of Illness Index ; Tuberculosis/complications ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14163318
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Article ; Online: Polarization of Human Monocyte-Derived Cells With Vitamin D Promotes Control of

Rao Muvva, Jagadeeswara / Parasa, Venkata Ramanarao / Lerm, Maria / Svensson, Mattias / Brighenti, Susanna

Frontiers in immunology

2020 Volume 10, Page(s) 3157

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers ; Cell Plasticity/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Macrophage Activation/immunology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Monocytes/cytology ; Monocytes/immunology ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology ; Tuberculosis/immunology ; Tuberculosis/metabolism ; Tuberculosis/microbiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; Vitamin D/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2019.03157
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Article: Host and Pathogen Communication in the Respiratory Tract: Mechanisms and Models of a Complex Signaling Microenvironment.

Berry, Samuel B / Haack, Amanda J / Theberge, Ashleigh B / Brighenti, Susanna / Svensson, Mattias

Frontiers in medicine

2020 Volume 7, Page(s) 537

Abstract: Chronic lung diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe, encompassing a diverse range of conditions from infections with pathogenic microorganisms to underlying genetic disorders. The respiratory tract represents an active ... ...

Abstract	Chronic lung diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe, encompassing a diverse range of conditions from infections with pathogenic microorganisms to underlying genetic disorders. The respiratory tract represents an active interface with the external environment having the primary immune function of resisting pathogen intrusion and maintaining homeostasis in response to the myriad of stimuli encountered within its microenvironment. To perform these vital functions and prevent lung disorders, a chemical and biological cross-talk occurs in the complex milieu of the lung that mediates and regulates the numerous cellular processes contributing to lung health. In this review, we will focus on the role of cross-talk in chronic lung infections, and discuss how different cell types and signaling pathways contribute to the chronicity of infection(s) and prevent effective immune clearance of pathogens. In the lung microenvironment, pathogens have developed the capacity to evade mucosal immunity using different mechanisms or virulence factors, leading to colonization and infection of the host; such mechanisms include the release of soluble and volatile factors, as well as contact dependent (juxtracrine) interactions. We explore the diverse modes of communication between the host and pathogen in the lung tissue milieu in the context of chronic lung infections. Lastly, we review current methods and approaches used to model and study these host-pathogen interactions
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2020.00537
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Article ; Online: Immune cell landscape in symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected adults and children in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Akhtar, Evana / Mily, Akhirunnesa / Sarker, Protim / Chanda, Bikash Chandra / Haque, Farjana / Kuddusi, Rakib Ullah / Haq, Md Ahsanul / Lourda, Magda / Brighenti, Susanna / Raqib, Rubhana

Immunobiology

2023 Volume 228, Issue 2, Page(s) 152350

Abstract: Objectives: The study of cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for evaluating the course of the COVID-19 disease and for improving vaccine development. We aimed to assess the phenotypic landscape of circulating lymphocytes and mononuclear cells in ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The study of cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for evaluating the course of the COVID-19 disease and for improving vaccine development. We aimed to assess the phenotypic landscape of circulating lymphocytes and mononuclear cells in adults and children who were seropositive to SARS-CoV-2 in the past 6 months. Methods: Blood samples (n = 350) were collected in a cross-sectional study in Dhaka, Bangladesh (Oct 2020-Feb 2021). Plasma antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay while lymphocyte and monocyte responses were assessed using flow cytometry including dimensionality reduction and clustering algorithms. Results: SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was observed in 52% of adults (18-65 years) and 56% of children (10-17 years). Seropositivity was associated with reduced CD3 Conclusion: Seropositive individuals in convalescence showed increased central and effector memory T cell phenotypes and pro-resolving/healing monocyte phenotypes compared to seronegative subjects. However, seropositive children with a previous history of COVID-like symptoms, displayed an ongoing innate inflammatory trait.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bangladesh ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Leukocytes ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	563292-4
ISSN	1878-3279 ; 0171-2985
ISSN (online)	1878-3279
ISSN	0171-2985
DOI	10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152350
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