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Article: Multi-ancestry polygenic risk scores for venous thromboembolism.

Jee, Yon Ho / Thibord, Florian / Dominguez, Alicia / Sept, Corriene / Boulier, Kristin / Venkateswaran, Vidhya / Ding, Yi / Cherlin, Tess / Verma, Shefali Setia / Faro, Valeria Lo / Bartz, Traci M / Boland, Anne / Brody, Jennifer A / Deleuze, Jean-Francois / Emmerich, Joseph / Germain, Marine / Johnson, Andrew D / Kooperberg, Charles / Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel /

Pankratz, Nathan / Psaty, Bruce M / Reiner, Alexander P / Smadja, David M / Sitlani, Colleen M / Suchon, Pierre / Tang, Weihong / Trégouët, David-Alexandre / Zöllner, Sebastian / Pasaniuc, Bogdan / Damrauer, Scott M / Sanna, Serena / Snieder, Harold / Kabrhel, Christopher / Smith, Nicholas L / Kraft, Peter

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2024

Abstract: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality, with large disparities in incidence rates between Black and White Americans. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) limited to variants discovered in genome-wide association ... ...

Abstract	Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality, with large disparities in incidence rates between Black and White Americans. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) limited to variants discovered in genome-wide association studies in European-ancestry samples can identify European-ancestry individuals at high risk of VTE. However, there is limited evidence on whether high-dimensional PRS constructed using more sophisticated methods and more diverse training data can enhance the predictive ability and their utility across diverse populations. We developed PRSs for VTE using summary statistics from the International Network against Venous Thrombosis (INVENT) consortium GWAS meta-analyses of European- (71,771 cases and 1,059,740 controls) and African-ancestry samples (7,482 cases and 129,975 controls). We used LDpred2 and PRSCSx to construct ancestry-specific and multi-ancestry PRSs and evaluated their performance in an independent European- (6,261 cases and 88,238 controls) and African-ancestry sample (1,385 cases and 12,569 controls). Multi-ancestry PRSs with weights tuned in European- and African-ancestry samples, respectively, outperformed ancestry-specific PRSs in European- (PRSCSX
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.01.09.24300914
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Article ; Online: Genetic association testing using the GENESIS R/Bioconductor package.

Gogarten, Stephanie M / Sofer, Tamar / Chen, Han / Yu, Chaoyu / Brody, Jennifer A / Thornton, Timothy A / Rice, Kenneth M / Conomos, Matthew P

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

2019 Volume 35, Issue 24, Page(s) 5346–5348

Abstract: Summary: The Genomic Data Storage (GDS) format provides efficient storage and retrieval of genotypes measured by microarrays and sequencing. We developed GENESIS to perform various single- and aggregate-variant association tests using genotype data ... ...

Abstract	Summary: The Genomic Data Storage (GDS) format provides efficient storage and retrieval of genotypes measured by microarrays and sequencing. We developed GENESIS to perform various single- and aggregate-variant association tests using genotype data stored in GDS format. GENESIS implements highly flexible mixed models, allowing for different link functions, multiple variance components and phenotypic heteroskedasticity. GENESIS integrates cohesively with other R/Bioconductor packages to build a complete genomic analysis workflow entirely within the R environment. Availability and implementation: https://bioconductor.org/packages/GENESIS; vignettes included. Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MeSH term(s)	Genetic Testing ; Genome ; Genomics ; Sequence Analysis ; Software
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1422668-6
ISSN	1367-4811 ; 1367-4803
ISSN (online)	1367-4811
ISSN	1367-4803
DOI	10.1093/bioinformatics/btz567
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Article ; Online: Proteomic prediction of incident heart failure and its main subtypes.

European journal of heart failure

2023 Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 87–102

Abstract: Aim: To examine the ability of serum proteins in predicting future heart failure (HF) events, including HF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF or HFpEF), in relation to event time, and with or without considering established HF-associated ...

Abstract	Aim: To examine the ability of serum proteins in predicting future heart failure (HF) events, including HF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF or HFpEF), in relation to event time, and with or without considering established HF-associated clinical variables. Methods and results: In the prospective population-based Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS), 440 individuals developed HF after their first visit with a median follow-up of 5.45 years. Among them, 167 were diagnosed with HFrEF and 188 with HFpEF. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model with non-parametric bootstrap were used to select predictors from an analysis of 4782 serum proteins, and several pre-established clinical parameters linked to HF. A subset of 8-10 distinct or overlapping serum proteins predicted different future HF outcomes, and C-statistics were used to assess discrimination, revealing proteins combined with a C-index of 0.80 for all incident HF, 0.78 and 0.80 for incident HFpEF or HFrEF, respectively. In the AGES-RS, protein panels alone encompassed the risk contained in the clinical information and improved the performance characteristics of prediction models based on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and clinical risk factors. Finally, the protein predictors performed particularly well close to the time of an HF event, an outcome that was replicated in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Conclusion: A small number of circulating proteins accurately predicted future HF in the AGES-RS cohort of older adults, and they alone encompass the risk information found in a collection of clinical data. Incident HF events were predicted up to 8 years, with predictor performance significantly improving for events occurring less than 1 year ahead, a finding replicated in an external cohort study.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Heart Failure/diagnosis ; Heart Failure/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Stroke Volume ; Prospective Studies ; Proteomics ; Blood Proteins ; Prognosis
Chemical Substances	Blood Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1483672-5
ISSN	1879-0844 ; 1388-9842
ISSN (online)	1879-0844
ISSN	1388-9842
DOI	10.1002/ejhf.3086
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Zs.A 5299: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Absence of anti-HMG-CoA reductase autoantibodies in severe self-limited statin-related myopathy.

Floyd, James S / Brody, Jennifer A / Tiniakou, Eleni / Psaty, Bruce M / Mammen, Andrew

Muscle & nerve

2016 Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 142–144

Abstract: Introduction: Patients with self-limited statin-related myopathy improve spontaneously when statins are stopped. In contrast, patients with statin-associated autoimmune myopathy have autoantibodies recognizing 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Patients with self-limited statin-related myopathy improve spontaneously when statins are stopped. In contrast, patients with statin-associated autoimmune myopathy have autoantibodies recognizing 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) and usually require immunosuppressive therapy to control their disease. On initial presentation, it can sometimes be difficult to distinguish between these 2 diseases, as both present with muscle pain, weakness, and elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels. The goal of this study was to determine whether patients with severe self-limited statin-related myopathy also make anti-HMGCR autoantibodies. Methods: We screened 101 subjects with severe self-limited cerivastatin-related myopathy for anti-HMGCR autoantibodies. Results: No patient with severe self-limited cerivastatin-related myopathy had anti-HMGCR autoantibodies. Conclusion: Anti-HMGCR autoantibody testing can be used to help differentiate whether a patient has self-limited myopathy due to cerivastatin or autoimmune statin-associated myopathy; these findings may apply to other statins as well. Muscle Nerve 54: 142-144, 2016.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Autoantibodies/metabolism ; Creatine Kinase/blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/immunology ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/toxicity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscular Diseases/blood ; Muscular Diseases/chemically induced ; Muscular Diseases/immunology ; Pyridines/toxicity ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Autoantibodies ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Pyridines ; cerivastatin (AM91H2KS67) ; Creatine Kinase (EC 2.7.3.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	438353-9
ISSN	1097-4598 ; 0148-639X
ISSN (online)	1097-4598
ISSN	0148-639X
DOI	10.1002/mus.25127
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Zs.A 1449: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Variant-specific inflation factors for assessing population stratification at the phenotypic variance level.

Sofer, Tamar / Zheng, Xiuwen / Laurie, Cecelia A / Gogarten, Stephanie M / Brody, Jennifer A / Conomos, Matthew P / Bis, Joshua C / Thornton, Timothy A / Szpiro, Adam / O'Connell, Jeffrey R / Lange, Ethan M / Gao, Yan / Cupples, L Adrienne / Psaty, Bruce M / Rice, Kenneth M

Nature communications

2021 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 3506

Abstract: In modern Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) epidemiological studies, participant-level data from multiple studies are often pooled and results are obtained from a single analysis. We consider the impact of differential phenotype variances by study, which we ... ...

Abstract	In modern Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) epidemiological studies, participant-level data from multiple studies are often pooled and results are obtained from a single analysis. We consider the impact of differential phenotype variances by study, which we term 'variance stratification'. Unaccounted for, variance stratification can lead to both decreased statistical power, and increased false positives rates, depending on how allele frequencies, sample sizes, and phenotypic variances vary across the studies that are pooled. We develop a procedure to compute variant-specific inflation factors, and show how it can be used for diagnosis of genetic association analyses on pooled individual level data from multiple studies. We describe a WGS-appropriate analysis approach, implemented in freely-available software, which allows study-specific variances and thereby improves performance in practice. We illustrate the variance stratification problem, its solutions, and the proposed diagnostic procedure, in simulations and in data from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine Whole Genome Sequencing Program (TOPMed), used in association tests for hemoglobin concentrations and BMI.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Computer Simulation ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; Genome-Wide Association Study/methods ; Genome-Wide Association Study/standards ; Genome-Wide Association Study/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Sample Size
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-021-23655-2
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Article ; Online: Genome-wide analyses identify

iScience

2022 Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 105210

Abstract: Premature atrial contractions (PACs) are frequently observed on electrocardiograms and are associated with increased risks of atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, and mortality. In this study, we aimed to identify genetic susceptibility loci for PAC ... ...

Abstract	Premature atrial contractions (PACs) are frequently observed on electrocardiograms and are associated with increased risks of atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, and mortality. In this study, we aimed to identify genetic susceptibility loci for PAC frequency. We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis with PAC frequency obtained from ambulatory cardiac monitoring in 4,831 individuals of European ancestry. We identified a genome-wide significant locus at the
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2022.105210
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Article ; Online: Non-linear machine learning models incorporating SNPs and PRS improve polygenic prediction in diverse human populations.

Communications biology

2022 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 856

Abstract: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are commonly used to quantify the inherited susceptibility for a trait, yet they fail to account for non-linear and interaction effects between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We address this via a machine learning ... ...

Abstract	Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are commonly used to quantify the inherited susceptibility for a trait, yet they fail to account for non-linear and interaction effects between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We address this via a machine learning approach, validated in nine complex phenotypes in a multi-ancestry population. We use an ensemble method of SNP selection followed by gradient boosted trees (XGBoost) to allow for non-linearities and interaction effects. We compare our results to the standard, linear PRS model developed using PRSice, LDpred2, and lassosum2. Combining a PRS as a feature in an XGBoost model results in a relative increase in the percentage variance explained compared to the standard linear PRS model by 22% for height, 27% for HDL cholesterol, 43% for body mass index, 50% for sleep duration, 58% for systolic blood pressure, 64% for total cholesterol, 66% for triglycerides, 77% for LDL cholesterol, and 100% for diastolic blood pressure. Multi-ancestry trained models perform similarly to specific racial/ethnic group trained models and are consistently superior to the standard linear PRS models. This work demonstrates an effective method to account for non-linearities and interaction effects in genetics-based prediction models.
MeSH term(s)	Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-022-03812-z
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Article: Polygenic Risk Score Associates with Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics at Autopsy.

Cornelissen, Anne / Gadhoke, Neel V / Ryan, Kathleen / Hodonsky, Chani J / Mitchell, Rebecca / Bihlmeyer, Nathan / Duong, ThuyVy / Chen, Zhifen / Dikongue, Armelle / Sakamoto, Atsushi / Sato, Yu / Kawakami, Rika / Mori, Masayuki / Kawai, Kenji / Fernandez, Raquel / Ghosh, Saikat Kumar B / Braumann, Ryan / Abebe, Biniyam / Kutys, Robert /

Kutyna, Matthew / Romero, Maria E / Kolodgie, Frank D / Miller, Clint L / Hong, Charles C / Grove, Megan L / Brody, Jennifer A / Sotoodehnia, Nona / Arking, Dan E / Schunkert, Heribert / Mitchell, Braxton D / Guo, Liang / Virmani, Renu / Finn, Aloke V

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD) potentially improve cardiovascular risk prediction. However, their relationship with histopathologic features of CAD has never been examined systematically.: Methods: From 4, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD) potentially improve cardiovascular risk prediction. However, their relationship with histopathologic features of CAD has never been examined systematically. Methods: From 4,327 subjects referred to CVPath by the State of Maryland Office Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) for sudden death between 1994 and 2015, 2,455 cases were randomly selected for genotyping. We generated PRS from 291 known CAD risk loci. Detailed histopathologic examination of the coronary arteries was performed in all subjects. The primary study outcome measurements were histopathologic plaque features determining severity of atherosclerosis, including %stenosis, calcification, thin-cap fibroatheromas (TCFA), and thrombotic CAD. Results: After exclusion of cases with insufficient DNA sample quality or with missing data, 954 cases (mean age 48.8±14.7; 75.7% men) remained in the final study cohort. Subjects in the highest PRS quintile exhibited more severe atherosclerosis compared to subjects in the lowest quintile, with greater %stenosis (80.3%±27.0% vs. 50.4%±38.7%; adjusted p<0.001) and a higher frequency of calcification (69.6% vs. 35.8%; adjusted p=0.004) and TCFAs (26.7% vs. 9.5%; adjusted p=0.007). Even after adjustment for traditional CAD risk factors subjects within the highest PRS quintile had higher odds of severe atherosclerosis (i.e., ≥75% stenosis; adjusted OR 3.77; 95%CI 2.10-6.78; p<0.001) and plaque rupture (adjusted OR 4.05; 95%CI 2.26-7.24; p<0.001). Moreover, subjects within the highest quintile had higher odds of CAD-associated cause of death, especially among those aged 50 years and younger (adjusted OR 4.08; 95%CI 2.01-8.30; p<0.001). No associations were observed with plaque erosion. Conclusions: This is the first autopsy study investigating associations between PRS and atherosclerosis severity at the histopathologic level in subjects with sudden death. Our pathological analysis suggests PRS correlates with plaque burden and features of advanced atherosclerosis and may be useful as a method for CAD risk stratification, especially in younger subjects. Highlights: In this autopsy study including 954 subjects within the CVPath Sudden Death Registry, high PRS correlated with plaque burden and atherosclerosis severity.The PRS showed differential associations with plaque rupture and plaque erosion, suggesting different etiologies to these two causes of thrombotic CAD.PRS may be useful for risk stratification, particularly in the young. Further examination of individual risk loci and their association with plaque morphology may help understand molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis, potentially revealing new therapy targets of CAD. Graphic abstract: A polygenic risk score, generated from 291 known CAD risk loci, was assessed in 954 subjects within the CVPath Sudden Death Registry. Histopathologic examination of the coronary arteries was performed in all subjects. Subjects in the highest PRS quintile exhibited more severe atherosclerosis as compared to subjects in the lowest quintile, with a greater plaque burden, more calcification, and a higher frequency of plaque rupture.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.07.05.547891
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Article ; Online: Polygenic risk of major depressive disorder as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism.

Ward, Joey / Le, Ngoc-Quynh / Suryakant, Suryakant / Brody, Jennifer A / Amouyel, Philippe / Boland, Anne / Bown, Rosemary / Cullen, Breda / Debette, Stéphanie / Deleuze, Jean-François / Emmerich, Joseph / Graham, Nicholas / Germain, Marine / Anderson, Jana J / Pell, Jill P / Lyall, Donald M / Lyall, Laura M / Smith, Daniel J / Wiggins, Kerri L /

Soria, José Manuel / Souto, Juan Carlos / Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel / Smith, Nicholas L / Trégouët, David-Alexandre / Sabater-Lleal, Maria / Strawbridge, Rona J

Blood advances

2023 Volume 7, Issue 18, Page(s) 5341–5350

Abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including venous thromboembolism (VTE). The reasons for this are complex and include obesity, smoking, and ... ...

Abstract	Major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including venous thromboembolism (VTE). The reasons for this are complex and include obesity, smoking, and use of hormones and psychotropic medications. Genetic studies have increasingly provided evidence of the shared genetic risk of psychiatric and cardiometabolic illnesses. This study aimed to determine whether a genetic predisposition to MDD, BD, or SCZ is associated with an increased risk of VTE. Genetic correlations using the largest genome-wide genetic meta-analyses summary statistics for MDD, BD, and SCZ (Psychiatric Genetics Consortium) and a recent genome-wide genetic meta-analysis of VTE (INVENT Consortium) demonstrated a positive association between VTE and MDD but not BD or SCZ. The same summary statistics were used to construct polygenic risk scores for MDD, BD, and SCZ in UK Biobank participants of self-reported White British ancestry. These were assessed for impact on self-reported VTE risk (10 786 cases, 285 124 controls), using logistic regression, in sex-specific and sex-combined analyses. We identified significant positive associations between polygenic risk for MDD and the risk of VTE in men, women, and sex-combined analyses, independent of the known risk factors. Secondary analyses demonstrated that this association was not driven by those with lifetime experience of mental illness. Meta-analyses of individual data from 6 additional independent cohorts replicated the sex-combined association. This report provides evidence for shared biological mechanisms leading to MDD and VTE and suggests that, in the absence of genetic data, a family history of MDD might be considered when assessing the risk of VTE.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/genetics ; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology ; Venous Thromboembolism/etiology ; Venous Thromboembolism/genetics ; Bipolar Disorder/genetics ; Schizophrenia/genetics ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2915908-8
ISSN	2473-9537 ; 2473-9529
ISSN (online)	2473-9537
ISSN	2473-9529
DOI	10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010562
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Zs.A 7153: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Polygenic Risk Score Associates With Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics at Autopsy.

Cornelissen, Anne / Gadhoke, Neel V / Ryan, Kathleen / Hodonsky, Chani J / Mitchell, Rebecca / Bihlmeyer, Nathan A / Duong, ThuyVy / Chen, Zhifen / Dikongue, Armelle / Sakamoto, Atsushi / Sato, Yu / Kawakami, Rika / Mori, Masayuki / Kawai, Kenji / Fernandez, Raquel / Ghosh, Saikat Kumar B / Braumann, Ryan / Abebe, Biniyam / Kutys, Robert /

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology

2023 Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 300–313

Abstract: Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for coronary artery disease (CAD) potentially improve cardiovascular risk prediction. However, their relationship with histopathologic features of CAD has never been examined systematically.: Methods: From ... ...

Abstract	Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for coronary artery disease (CAD) potentially improve cardiovascular risk prediction. However, their relationship with histopathologic features of CAD has never been examined systematically. Methods: From 4327 subjects referred to CVPath by the State of Maryland Office Chief Medical Examiner for sudden death between 1994 and 2015, 2455 cases were randomly selected for genotyping. We generated PRS from 291 known CAD risk loci. Detailed histopathologic examination of the coronary arteries was performed in all subjects. The primary study outcome measurements were histopathologic plaque features determining severity of atherosclerosis, including %stenosis, calcification, thin-cap fibroatheromas, and thrombotic CAD. Results: After exclusion of cases with insufficient DNA sample quality or with missing data, 954 cases (mean age, 48.8±14.7 years; 75.7% men) remained in the final study cohort. Subjects in the highest PRS quintile exhibited more severe atherosclerosis compared with subjects in the lowest quintile, with greater %stenosis (80.3%±27.0% versus 50.4%±38.7%; adjusted Conclusions: This is the first autopsy study investigating associations between PRS and atherosclerosis severity at the histopathologic level in subjects with sudden death. Our pathological analysis suggests PRS correlates with plaque burden and features of advanced atherosclerosis and may be useful as a method for CAD risk stratification, especially in younger subjects.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Genetic Risk Score ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Risk Factors ; Coronary Artery Disease/genetics ; Coronary Artery Disease/pathology ; Atherosclerosis ; Death, Sudden ; Autopsy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1221433-4
ISSN	1524-4636 ; 1079-5642
ISSN (online)	1524-4636
ISSN	1079-5642
DOI	10.1161/ATVBAHA.123.319818
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