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Article: The Global Atmosphere-aerosol Model ICON-A-HAM2.3-Initial Model Evaluation and Effects of Radiation Balance Tuning on Aerosol Optical Thickness.

Salzmann, M / Ferrachat, S / Tully, C / Münch, S / Watson-Parris, D / Neubauer, D / Siegenthaler-Le Drian, C / Rast, S / Heinold, B / Crueger, T / Brokopf, R / Mülmenstädt, J / Quaas, J / Wan, H / Zhang, K / Lohmann, U / Stier, P / Tegen, I

Journal of advances in modeling earth systems

2022 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e2021MS002699

Abstract: The Hamburg Aerosol Module version 2.3 (HAM2.3) from the ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 global atmosphere-aerosol model is coupled to the recently developed icosahedral nonhydrostatic ICON-A (icon-aes-1.3.00) global atmosphere model to yield the new ICON-A-HAM2.3 ... ...

Abstract	The Hamburg Aerosol Module version 2.3 (HAM2.3) from the ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 global atmosphere-aerosol model is coupled to the recently developed icosahedral nonhydrostatic ICON-A (icon-aes-1.3.00) global atmosphere model to yield the new ICON-A-HAM2.3 atmosphere-aerosol model. The ICON-A and ECHAM6.3 host models use different dynamical cores, parameterizations of vertical mixing due to sub-grid scale turbulence, and parameter settings for radiation balance tuning. Here, we study the role of the different host models for simulated aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and evaluate impacts of using HAM2.3 and the ECHAM6-HAM2.3 two-moment cloud microphysics scheme on several meteorological variables. Sensitivity runs show that a positive AOT bias over the subtropical oceans is remedied in ICON-A-HAM2.3 because of a different default setting of a parameter in the moist convection parameterization of the host models. The global mean AOT is biased low compared to MODIS satellite instrument retrievals in ICON-A-HAM2.3 and ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3, but the bias is larger in ICON-A-HAM2.3 because negative AOT biases over the Amazon, the African rain forest, and the northern Indian Ocean are no longer compensated by high biases over the sub-tropical oceans. ICON-A-HAM2.3 shows a moderate improvement with respect to AOT observations at AERONET sites. A multivariable bias score combining biases of several meteorological variables into a single number is larger in ICON-A-HAM2.3 compared to standard ICON-A and standard ECHAM6.3. In the tropics, this multivariable bias is of similar magnitude in ICON-A-HAM2.3 and in ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3. In the extra-tropics, a smaller multivariable bias is found for ICON-A-HAM2.3 than for ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2462132-8
ISSN	1942-2466
ISSN	1942-2466
DOI	10.1029/2021MS002699
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: ICON‐A, The Atmosphere Component of the ICON Earth System Model

Crueger, T. / Giorgetta, M. A. / Brokopf, R. / Esch, M. / Fiedler, Stephanie / Hohenegger, C. / Kornblueh, L. / Mauritsen, T. / Nam, C. / Naumann, A. K. / Peters, K. / Rast, S. / Roeckner, E. / Sakradzija, M. / Schmidt, H. / Vial, J. / Vogel, R. / Stevens, B.

II. Model Evaluation

2018

Abstract: We evaluate the new icosahedral nonhydrostatic atmospheric (ICON-A) general circulation model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology that is flexible to be run at grid spacings from a few tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers. A simulation with ... ...

Abstract	We evaluate the new icosahedral nonhydrostatic atmospheric (ICON-A) general circulation model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology that is flexible to be run at grid spacings from a few tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers. A simulation with ICON-A at a low resolution (160 km) is compared to a not-tuned fourfold higher-resolution simulation (40 km). Simulations using the last release of the ECHAM climate model (ECHAM6.3) are also presented at two different resolutions. The ICON-A simulations provide a compelling representation of the climate and its variability. The climate of the low-resolution ICON-A is even slightly better than that of ECHAM6.3. Improvements are obtained in aspects that are sensitive to the representation of orography, including the representation of cloud fields over eastern-boundary currents, the latitudinal distribution of cloud top heights, and the spatial distribution of convection over the Indian Ocean and the Maritime Continent. Precipitation over land is enhanced, in particular at high-resolution ICON-A. The response of precipitation to El Niño sea surface temperature variability is close to observations, particularly over the eastern Indian Ocean. Some parameterization changes lead to improvements, for example, with respect to rain intensities and the representation of equatorial waves, but also imply a warmer troposphere, which we suggest leads to an unrealistic poleward mass shift. Many biases familiar to ECHAM6.3 are also evident in ICON-A, namely, a too zonal SPCZ, an inadequate representation of north hemispheric blocking, and a relatively poor representation of tropical intraseasonal variability. Key Points: - Article presents evaluation of atmosphere component of new ICON Earth system model - The new MPI atmospheric ICON-A model partly outperforms ECHAM6.3 - ICON-A is flexible to be run at grid spacings from a few tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publisher	AGU (American Geophysical Union)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: ICON‐A, the Atmosphere Component of the ICON Earth System Model

Giorgetta, M. A. / Brokopf, R. / Crueger, T. / Esch, M. / Fiedler, Stephanie / Helmert, J. / Hohenegger, C. / Kornblueh, L. / Köhler, M. / Manzini, E. / Mauritsen, T. / Nam, C. / Raddatz, T. / Rast, S. / Reinert, D. / Sakradzija, M. / Schmidt, H. / Schneck, R. / Schnur, R. /

Silvers, L. / Wan, H. / Zängl, G. / Stevens, B.

I. Model Description

2018

Abstract: ICON-A is the new icosahedral nonhydrostatic (ICON) atmospheric general circulation model in a configuration using the Max Planck Institute physics package, which originates from the ECHAM6 general circulation model, and has been adapted to account for ... ...

Abstract	ICON-A is the new icosahedral nonhydrostatic (ICON) atmospheric general circulation model in a configuration using the Max Planck Institute physics package, which originates from the ECHAM6 general circulation model, and has been adapted to account for the changed dynamical core framework. The coupling scheme between dynamics and physics employs a sequential updating by dynamics and physics, and a fixed sequence of the physical processes similar to ECHAM6. To allow a meaningful initial comparison between ICON-A and the established ECHAM6-LR model, a setup with similar, low resolution in terms of number of grid points and levels is chosen. The ICON-A model is tuned on the base of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) experiment aiming primarily at a well balanced top-of atmosphere energy budget to make the model suitable for coupled climate and Earth system modeling. The tuning addresses first the moisture and cloud distribution to achieve the top-of-atmosphere energy balance, followed by the tuning of the parameterized dynamic drag aiming at reduced wind errors in the troposphere. The resulting version of ICON-A has overall biases, which are comparable to those of ECHAM6. Problematic specific biases remain in the vertical distribution of clouds and in the stratospheric circulation, where the winter vortices are too weak. Biases in precipitable water and tropospheric temperature are, however, reduced compared to the ECHAM6. ICON-A will serve as the basis of further development and as the atmosphere component to the coupled model, ICON-Earth system model (ESM). Key Points: - Physics package for climate modeling is coupled to a nonhydrostatic dynamical core - Tuning in five steps to obtain a balanced net radiation at top of atmosphere - Overall biases of ICON-A are comparable to ECHAM6.3, but circulation biases remain due to problems with parameterized drag
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publisher	AGU (American Geophysical Union)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: ICON-Sapphire

Hohenegger, Cathy / Korn, Peter / Linardakis, Leonidas / Redler, René / Schnur, Reiner / Adamidis, Panagiotis / Bao, Jiawei / Bastin, Swantje / Behravesh, Milad / Bergemann, Martin / Biercamp, Joachim / Bockelmann, Hendryk / Brokopf, Renate / Brüggemann, Nils / Casaroli, Lucas / Chegini, Fatemeh / Datseris, George / Esch, Monika / George, Geet /

Giorgetta, Marco / Gutjahr, Oliver / Haak, Helmuth / Hanke, Moritz / Ilyina, Tatiana / Jahns, Thomas / Jungclaus, Johann / Kern, Marcel / Klocke, Daniel / Kluft, Lukas / Kölling, Tobias / Kornblueh, Luis / Kosukhin, Sergey / Kroll, Clarissa / Lee, Junhong / Mauritsen, Thorsten / Mehlmann, Carolin / Mieslinger, Theresa / Naumann, Ann Kristin / Paccini, Laura / Peinado, Angel / Praturi, Divya Sri / Putrasahan, Dian / Rast, Sebastian / Riddick, Thomas / Roeber, Niklas / Schmidt, Hauke / Schulzweida, Uwe / Schütte, Florian / Segura, Hans / Shevchenko, Radomyra

eISSN: 1991-9603

simulating the components of the Earth system and their interactions at kilometer and subkilometer scales

2023

Abstract: State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), which is too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth system. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapphire model ... ...

Abstract	State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), which is too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth system. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapphire model configuration, which targets a representation of the components of the Earth system and their interactions with a grid spacing of 10 km and finer. Through the use of selected simulation examples, we demonstrate that ICON-Sapphire can (i) be run coupled globally on seasonal timescales with a grid spacing of 5 km, on monthly timescales with a grid spacing of 2.5 km, and on daily timescales with a grid spacing of 1.25 km; (ii) resolve large eddies in the atmosphere using hectometer grid spacings on limited-area domains in atmosphere-only simulations; (iii) resolve submesoscale ocean eddies by using a global uniform grid of 1.25 km or a telescoping grid with the finest grid spacing at 530 m, the latter coupled to a uniform atmosphere; and (iv) simulate biogeochemistry in an ocean-only simulation integrated for 4 years at 10 km. Comparison of basic features of the climate system to observations reveals no obvious pitfalls, even though some observed aspects remain difficult to capture. The throughput of the coupled 5 km global simulation is 126 simulated days per day employing 21 % of the latest machine of the German Climate Computing Center. Extrapolating from these results, multi-decadal global simulations including interactive carbon are now possible, and short global simulations resolving large eddies in the atmosphere and submesoscale eddies in the ocean are within reach.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-31
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: ICON-Sapphire

simulating the components of the Earth system and their interactions at kilometer and subkilometer scales

2023

Abstract	State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), which is too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth system. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapphire model configuration, which targets a representation of the components of the Earth system and their interactions with a grid spacing of 10 km and finer. Through the use of selected simulation examples, we demonstrate that ICON-Sapphire can (i) be run coupled globally on seasonal timescales with a grid spacing of 5 km, on monthly timescales with a grid spacing of 2.5 km, and on daily timescales with a grid spacing of 1.25 km; (ii) resolve large eddies in the atmosphere using hectometer grid spacings on limited-area domains in atmosphere-only simulations; (iii) resolve submesoscale ocean eddies by using a global uniform grid of 1.25 km or a telescoping grid with the finest grid spacing at 530 m, the latter coupled to a uniform atmosphere; and (iv) simulate biogeochemistry in an ocean-only simulation integrated for 4 years at 10 km. Comparison of basic features of the climate system to observations reveals no obvious pitfalls, even though some observed aspects remain difficult to capture. The throughput of the coupled 5 km global simulation is 126 simulated days per day employing 21 % of the latest machine of the German Climate Computing Center. Extrapolating from these results, multi-decadal global simulations including interactive carbon are now possible, and short global simulations resolving large eddies in the atmosphere and submesoscale eddies in the ocean are within reach.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-31
Publisher	Copernicus Publications (EGU)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Book ; Online: ICON-Sapphire

eISSN: 1991-9603

simulating the components of the Earth System and their interactions at kilometer and subkilometer scales

2022

Abstract: State-of-the-art Earth System models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth System. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapphire model configuration, ...

Abstract	State-of-the-art Earth System models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth System. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapphire model configuration, which targets a representation of the components of the Earth System and their interactions with a grid spacing of 10 km and finer. Through the use of selected simulation examples, we demonstrate that ICON-Sapphire can already now (i) be run coupled globally on seasonal time scales with a grid spacing of 5 km and on monthly time scales with a grid spacing of 2.5 km, (ii) resolve large eddies in the atmosphere using hectometer grid spacings on limited-area domains in atmosphere-only simulations, (iii) resolve submesoscale ocean eddies by using a global uniform grid of 1.25 km or a telescoping grid with a finest grid spacing of 530 m, the latter coupled to a uniform atmosphere and (iv) simulate biogeochemistry in an ocean-only simulation integrated for 4 years at 10 km. Comparison to observations of these various configurations reveals no obvious pitfall. The throughput of the coupled 5-km global simulation is 126 simulated days per day employing 21 % of the latest machine of the German Climate Computing Center. Extrapolating from these results, multi-decadal global simulations including interactive carbon are now possible and short global simulations resolving large eddies in the atmosphere and submesoscale eddies in the ocean are within reach.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-21
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Developments in the MPI-M Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) and Its Response to Increasing CO

Mauritsen, Thorsten / Bader, Jürgen / Becker, Tobias / Behrens, Jörg / Bittner, Matthias / Brokopf, Renate / Brovkin, Victor / Claussen, Martin / Crueger, Traute / Esch, Monika / Fast, Irina / Fiedler, Stephanie / Fläschner, Dagmar / Gayler, Veronika / Giorgetta, Marco / Goll, Daniel S / Haak, Helmuth / Hagemann, Stefan / Hedemann, Christopher /

Hohenegger, Cathy / Ilyina, Tatiana / Jahns, Thomas / Jimenéz-de-la-Cuesta, Diego / Jungclaus, Johann / Kleinen, Thomas / Kloster, Silvia / Kracher, Daniela / Kinne, Stefan / Kleberg, Deike / Lasslop, Gitta / Kornblueh, Luis / Marotzke, Jochem / Matei, Daniela / Meraner, Katharina / Mikolajewicz, Uwe / Modali, Kameswarrao / Möbis, Benjamin / Müller, Wolfgang A / Nabel, Julia E M S / Nam, Christine C W / Notz, Dirk / Nyawira, Sarah-Sylvia / Paulsen, Hanna / Peters, Karsten / Pincus, Robert / Pohlmann, Holger / Pongratz, Julia / Popp, Max / Raddatz, Thomas Jürgen / Rast, Sebastian / Redler, Rene / Reick, Christian H / Rohrschneider, Tim / Schemann, Vera / Schmidt, Hauke / Schnur, Reiner / Schulzweida, Uwe / Six, Katharina D / Stein, Lukas / Stemmler, Irene / Stevens, Bjorn / von Storch, Jin-Song / Tian, Fangxing / Voigt, Aiko / Vrese, Philipp / Wieners, Karl-Hermann / Wilkenskjeld, Stiig / Winkler, Alexander / Roeckner, Erich

Journal of advances in modeling earth systems

2019 Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) 998–1038

Abstract: A new release of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) is presented. The development focused on correcting errors in and improving the physical processes representation, as well as improving the ... ...

Abstract	A new release of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) is presented. The development focused on correcting errors in and improving the physical processes representation, as well as improving the computational performance, versatility, and overall user friendliness. In addition to new radiation and aerosol parameterizations of the atmosphere, several relatively large, but partly compensating, coding errors in the model's cloud, convection, and turbulence parameterizations were corrected. The representation of land processes was refined by introducing a multilayer soil hydrology scheme, extending the land biogeochemistry to include the nitrogen cycle, replacing the soil and litter decomposition model and improving the representation of wildfires. The ocean biogeochemistry now represents cyanobacteria prognostically in order to capture the response of nitrogen fixation to changing climate conditions and further includes improved detritus settling and numerous other refinements. As something new, in addition to limiting drift and minimizing certain biases, the instrumental record warming was explicitly taken into account during the tuning process. To this end, a very high climate sensitivity of around 7 K caused by low-level clouds in the tropics as found in an intermediate model version was addressed, as it was not deemed possible to match observed warming otherwise. As a result, the model has a climate sensitivity to a doubling of CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2462132-8
ISSN	1942-2466
ISSN	1942-2466
DOI	10.1029/2018MS001400
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Developments in the MPI‐M Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI‐ESM1.2) and Its Response to Increasing CO2

Mauritsen, Thorsten / Bader, Jürgen / Becker, Tobias / Behrens, Jörg / Bittner, Matthias / Brokopf, Renate / Brovkin, Victor / Claussen, Martin / Crueger, Traute / Esch, Monika / Fast, Irina / Fiedler, Stephanie / Fläschner, Dagmar / Gayler, Veronika / Giorgetta, Marco / Goll, Daniel S. / Haak, Helmuth / Hagemann, Stefan / Hedemann, Christopher /

Hohenegger, Cathy / Ilyina, Tatiana / Jahns, Thomas / Jimenéz‐de‐la‐Cuesta, Diego / Jungclaus, Johann / Kleinen, Thomas / Kloster, Silvia / Kracher, Daniela / Kinne, Stefan / Kleberg, Deike / Lasslop, Gitta / Kornblueh, Luis / Marotzke, Jochem / Matei, Daniela / Meraner, Katharina / Mikolajewicz, Uwe / Modali, Kameswarrao / Möbis, Benjamin / Müller, Wolfgang A. / Nabel, Julia E. M. S. / Nam, Christine C. W. / Notz, Dirk / Nyawira, Sarah‐Sylvia / Paulsen, Hanna / Peters, Karsten / Pincus, Robert / Pohlmann, Holger / Pongratz, Julia / Popp, Max / Raddatz, Thomas Jürgen / Rast, Sebastian / Redler, Rene / Reick, Christian H. / Rohrschneider, Tim / Schemann, Vera / Schmidt, Hauke / Schnur, Reiner / Schulzweida, Uwe / Six, Katharina D. / Stein, Lukas / Stemmler, Irene / Stevens, Bjorn / Storch, Jin‐Song / Tian, Fangxing / Voigt, Aiko / Vrese, Philipp / Wieners, Karl‐Hermann / Wilkenskjeld, Stiig / Winkler, Alexander / Roeckner, Erich

2019

Abstract	A new release of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) is presented. The development focused on correcting errors in and improving the physical processes representation, as well as improving the computational performance, versatility, and overall user friendliness. In addition to new radiation and aerosol parameterizations of the atmosphere, several relatively large, but partly compensating, coding errors in the model's cloud, convection, and turbulence parameterizations were corrected. The representation of land processes was refined by introducing a multilayer soil hydrology scheme, extending the land biogeochemistry to include the nitrogen cycle, replacing the soil and litter decomposition model and improving the representation of wildfires. The ocean biogeochemistry now represents cyanobacteria prognostically in order to capture the response of nitrogen fixation to changing climate conditions and further includes improved detritus settling and numerous other refinements. As something new, in addition to limiting drift and minimizing certain biases, the instrumental record warming was explicitly taken into account during the tuning process. To this end, a very high climate sensitivity of around 7 K caused by low-level clouds in the tropics as found in an intermediate model version was addressed, as it was not deemed possible to match observed warming otherwise. As a result, the model has a climate sensitivity to a doubling of CO2 over preindustrial conditions of 2.77 K, maintaining the previously identified highly nonlinear global mean response to increasing CO2 forcing, which nonetheless can be represented by a simple two-layer model.
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-13
Publisher	AGU (American Geophysical Union)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: The Global Atmosphere-aerosol Model ICON-A-HAM2.3-Initial Model Evaluation and Effects of Radiation Balance Tuning on Aerosol Optical Thickness.

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Article ; Online: ICON‐A, The Atmosphere Component of the ICON Earth System Model

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Article ; Online: ICON‐A, the Atmosphere Component of the ICON Earth System Model

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Book ; Online: ICON-Sapphire

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Article ; Online: ICON-Sapphire

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Book ; Online: ICON-Sapphire

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Article: Developments in the MPI-M Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) and Its Response to Increasing CO

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Article ; Online: Developments in the MPI‐M Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI‐ESM1.2) and Its Response to Increasing CO2

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