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Book: Human pharmaceuticals in the environment

Brooks, Bryan W.

current and future perspectives

(Emerging topics in ecotoxicology ; 4)

2012

Author's details	Bryan W. Brooks ... ed
Series title	Emerging topics in ecotoxicology ; 4
Collection
Language	English
Size	VIII, 302 S. : graph. Darst.
Publisher	Springer
Publishing place	New York, NY u.a.
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT017133347
ISBN	978-1-4614-3419-1 ; 9781461434733 ; 1-4614-3419-X ; 1461434734
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
138/80	available for loan (reading room)	Freihandmagazin (U1)

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Article ; Online: Global occurrence of synthetic glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptor agonistic activity, and aquatic hazards in effluent discharges and freshwater systems.

Cole, Alexander R / Brooks, Bryan W

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2023 Volume 329, Page(s) 121638

Abstract: With a growing global population comes an increase in pharmaceutical usage and a concentration of pharmaceutical consumption in urban areas, which release diverse chemicals and waste to the environment. Because synthetic glucocorticoids have been ... ...

Abstract	With a growing global population comes an increase in pharmaceutical usage and a concentration of pharmaceutical consumption in urban areas, which release diverse chemicals and waste to the environment. Because synthetic glucocorticoids have been identified as endocrine disruptors and environmental contaminants of emerging concern, we conducted a global scanning assessment of these pharmaceuticals in wastewater effluents and freshwater systems. Thirty-seven synthetic glucocorticoids were identified, and available information on environmental occurrence of specific substances was critically reviewed from the peer-reviewed literature. We developed probabilistic environmental exposure distributions for synthetic glucocorticoids, and further considered glucocorticoid receptor agonistic activity from biomonitoring efforts using in vitro methods. When sufficient data was available, we then performed probabilistic environmental hazard assessments using predicted no effect concentrations, therapeutic hazard values and in vitro bioactivity information (AC50 values) for specific glucocorticoids. We observed pronounced differences for aquatic monitoring data among geographic regions; information is not available from many regions where most of the global population resides. We identified differences between analytical chemistry derived occurrence values for specific chemicals and biomonitoring results from seven different in vitro assays, which suggests that compounds not previously preselected for targeted analyses contribute to glucocorticoid receptor agonism in effluent discharges and aquatic systems. Our observations further identify the importance of advancing nontargeted analyses and research on in vitro to in vivo extrapolation of aquatic hazards. Though aquatic toxicology information is lacking for most of these substances, we observed diverse aquatic hazards for several synthetic glucocorticoids, and these observations varied by aquatic matrix and among geographic regions. This study identifies timely data gaps and can inform future environmentally relevant chemistry and toxicology efforts examining synthetic glucocorticoids in aquatic systems.
MeSH term(s)	Glucocorticoids/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Fresh Water/chemistry ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Chemical Substances	Glucocorticoids ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121638
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Article ; Online: Global occurrence and aquatic hazards of antipsychotics in sewage influents, effluent discharges and surface waters.

Wronski, Adam R / Brooks, Bryan W

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2023 Volume 320, Page(s) 121042

Abstract: Despite increasing reports of pharmaceuticals in surface waters, aquatic hazard information remains limited for many contaminants, particularly for sublethal, chronic responses plausibly linked to molecular initiation events that are largely conserved ... ...

Abstract	Despite increasing reports of pharmaceuticals in surface waters, aquatic hazard information remains limited for many contaminants, particularly for sublethal, chronic responses plausibly linked to molecular initiation events that are largely conserved across vertebrates. Here, we critically examined available refereed information on the occurrence of 67 antipsychotics in wastewater effluent and surface waters. Because the majority of sewage remains untreated around the world, we also examined occurrence in sewage influents. When sufficient information was available, we developed probabilistic environmental exposure distributions (EEDs) for each compound in each matrix by geographic region. We then performed probabilistic environmental hazard assessments (PEHAs) using therapeutic hazard values (THVs) of each compound, due to limited sublethal aquatic toxicology information for this class of pharmaceuticals. From these PEHAs, we determined predicted exceedances of the respective THVs for each chemical among matrices and regions, noting that THV values of antipsychotic contaminants are typically lower than other classes of human pharmaceuticals. Diverse exceedances were observed, and these aquatic hazards varied by compound, matrix and geographic region. In wastewater effluent discharges and surface waters, sulpiride was the most detected antipsychotic; however, percent exceedances of the THV were minimal (0.6%) for this medication. In contrast, we observed elevated aquatic hazards for chlorpromazine (30.5%), aripiprazole (37.5%), and perphenazine (68.7%) in effluent discharges, and for chlorprothixene (35.4%) and flupentixol (98.8%) in surface waters. Elevated aquatic hazards for relatively understudied antipsychotics were identified, which highlight important data gaps for future environmental chemistry and toxicology research.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Sewage ; Antipsychotic Agents/toxicity ; Wastewater ; Environmental Exposure ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring
Chemical Substances	Sewage ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Wastewater ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121042
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Article ; Online: Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: What Progress Has Been Made in Addressing the Big Research Questions?

Boxall, Alistair B A / Brooks, Bryan W

Environmental toxicology and chemistry

2024 Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 481–487

MeSH term(s)	Cosmetics/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Chemical Substances	Cosmetics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	46234-2
ISSN	1552-8618 ; 0730-7268
ISSN (online)	1552-8618
ISSN	0730-7268
DOI	10.1002/etc.5827
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Article ; Online: The Next Chapter Begins: Announcing Prof. Bram F. Noble, Editor in Chief of Environmental Management.

Brooks, Bryan W

Environmental management

2020 Volume 65, Issue 3, Page(s) 287

MeSH term(s)	Conservation of Natural Resources
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1478932-2
ISSN	1432-1009 ; 0364-152X
ISSN (online)	1432-1009
ISSN	0364-152X
DOI	10.1007/s00267-020-01269-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Global occurrence of synthetic glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptor agonistic activity, and aquatic hazards in effluent discharges and freshwater systems

Cole, Alexander R. / Brooks, Bryan W.

Environmental Pollution. 2023 Apr. 18, p.121638-

2023 , Page(s) 121638–

Abstract	With a growing global population comes an increase in pharmaceutical usage and a concentration of pharmaceutical consumption in urban areas, which release diverse chemicals and waste to the environment. Because synthetic glucocorticoids have been identified as endocrine disruptors and environmental contaminants of emerging concern, we conducted a global scanning assessment of these pharmaceuticals in wastewater effluents and freshwater systems. Thirty-seven synthetic glucocorticoids were identified, and available information on environmental occurrence of specific substances was critically reviewed from the peer-reviewed literature. We developed probabilistic environmental exposure distributions for synthetic glucocorticoids, and further considered glucocorticoid receptor agonistic activity from biomonitoring efforts using in vitro methods. When sufficient data was available, we then performed probabilistic environmental hazard assessments using predicted no effect concentrations, therapeutic hazard values and in vitro bioactivity information (AC50 values) for specific glucocorticoids. We observed pronounced differences for aquatic monitoring data among geographic regions; information is not available from many regions where most of the global population resides. We identified differences between analytical chemistry derived occurrence values for specific chemicals and biomonitoring results from seven different in vitro assays, which indicates that compounds not preselected for targeted analyses can contribute to glucocorticoid receptor agonism in effluent discharges and aquatic systems. Our observations further identify the importance of advancing nontargeted analyses and research on in vitro to in vivo extrapolation of aquatic hazards. Though aquatic toxicology information is lacking for most of these substances, we observed diverse aquatic hazards for several synthetic glucocorticoids, and these observations varied by aquatic matrix and among geographic regions. This study identifies timely data gaps and can inform future environmentally relevant chemistry and toxicology efforts examining synthetic glucocorticoids in aquatic systems.
Keywords	analytical chemistry ; bioactive properties ; drugs ; environmental exposure ; environmental hazards ; environmental monitoring ; freshwater ; glucocorticoid receptors ; glucocorticoids ; pollution ; synthetic glucocorticoids ; therapeutics ; toxicology ; wastewater ; Water quality ; Hazard assessment ; Pharmaceutical ; Aquatic toxicology ; Bioanalytical tool
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0418
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121638
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Z 4136: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Global occurrence and aquatic hazards of antipsychotics in sewage influents, effluent discharges and surface waters

Wronski, Adam R. / Brooks, Bryan W.

Environmental Pollution. 2023 Mar., v. 320 p.121042-

2023

Abstract	Despite increasing reports of pharmaceuticals in surface waters, aquatic hazard information remains limited for many contaminants, particularly for sublethal, chronic responses plausibly linked to molecular initiation events that are largely conserved across vertebrates. Here, we critically examined available refereed information on the occurrence of 67 antipsychotics in wastewater effluent and surface waters. Because the majority of sewage remains untreated around the world, we also examined occurrence in sewage influents. When sufficient information was available, we developed probabilistic environmental exposure distributions (EEDs) for each compound in each matrix by geographic region. We then performed probabilistic environmental hazard assessments (PEHAs) using therapeutic hazard values (THVs) of each compound, due to limited sublethal aquatic toxicology information for this class of pharmaceuticals. From these PEHAs, we determined predicted exceedances of the respective THVs for each chemical among matrices and regions, noting that THV values of antipsychotic contaminants are typically lower than other classes of human pharmaceuticals. Diverse exceedances were observed, and these aquatic hazards varied by compound, matrix and geographic region. In wastewater effluent discharges and surface waters, sulpiride was the most detected antipsychotic; however, percent exceedances of the THV were minimal (0.6%) for this medication. In contrast, we observed elevated aquatic hazards for chlorpromazine (30.5%), aripiprazole (37.5%), and perphenazine (68.7%) in effluent discharges, and for chlorprothixene (35.4%) and flupentixol (98.8%) in surface waters. Elevated aquatic hazards for relatively understudied antipsychotics were identified, which highlight important data gaps for future environmental chemistry and toxicology research.
Keywords	antipsychotics ; chlorpromazine ; drug therapy ; environmental exposure ; environmental hazards ; humans ; pollution ; sewage ; toxicology ; wastewater ; Urbanization ; Water quality ; Pharmaceuticals ; Probabilistic environmental hazard assessment
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-03
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121042
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Urbanization, environment and pharmaceuticals: advancing comparative physiology, pharmacology and toxicology.

Brooks, Bryan W

Conservation physiology

2018 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) cox079

Abstract: Pharmaceuticals are routinely reported in the environment, which indicates an increasingly urban water cycle and highlights a global megatrend. Physicochemical properties and intrinsic biological activity of medicines routinely differ from conventional ... ...

Abstract	Pharmaceuticals are routinely reported in the environment, which indicates an increasingly urban water cycle and highlights a global megatrend. Physicochemical properties and intrinsic biological activity of medicines routinely differ from conventional organic contaminants; thus, diverging applicability domains often challenge environmental chemistry and toxicology computational tools and biological assays originally developed to address historical chemical stressors. Because pharmacology and toxicology information is more readily available for these contaminants of emerging concern than other chemicals in the environment, and many drug targets are conserved across species, leveraging mammalian drug discovery, safety testing and clinical pharmacology information appears useful to define environmental risks and to design less hazardous industrial chemicals. Research is needed to advance biological read across, which promises to reduce uncertainties during chemical assessment aimed at protecting public health and the environment. Whereas such comparative information has been critical to advance an understanding of pharmaceutical hazards and risks in urban ecosystems, studies of medicines with fish and other ecotoxicological models are reciprocally benefiting basic and translational efforts, advancing comparative mechanistic toxicology, and providing robust comparative bridges for integrating conservation and toxicology.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2721508-8
ISSN	2051-1434
ISSN	2051-1434
DOI	10.1093/conphys/cox079
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Exploratory analysis of the application of animal reduction approaches in proteomics: How much is enough?

Langan, Laura M / Brooks, Bryan W

ALTEX

2021 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 258–270

Abstract: Animal testing has long been the cornerstone of chemical safety assessments, but fish embryo assays represent an alternative. Omics studies allow the examination of early molecular responses of organisms to environmental stressors, but reduction of ... ...

Abstract	Animal testing has long been the cornerstone of chemical safety assessments, but fish embryo assays represent an alternative. Omics studies allow the examination of early molecular responses of organisms to environmental stressors, but reduction of animal use within this context has been overlooked. For proteomics, there is significant disparity and variability in the organismal pool size used for studies, ranging from 1-1500 embryos per replicate for zebrafish alone. However, it is unknown if varying sample pool size results in differences in protein identifications. To examine whether the detected proteome changes depend on this variable, 3 pool sizes (5, 10 or 20 embryos or larvae per replicate) were compared using the two most common fish models with an appropriate biological replicate number determined by power analysis (n = 7). Data was acquired using MSe, resulting in 1,946 and 3,172 protein groups identified (1% false discovery rate) for fathead minnow and zebrafish, respectively. Proteins were not differentially expressed among pool sizes, and no significant difference was observed among the identified protein groups. However, for the fathead minnow, a decrease in the number of identified proteins was observed with increasing pool size, while a trend towards an increase in protein identifications was observed in zebrafish between the lowest and highest pool size. Taken together, our observations suggest that a proteome characterization experiment using these fish models can achieve comparable protein identifications using pool sizes of less than 5 organisms per replicate, assuming a protein requirement of 50 μg or less.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Testing Alternatives ; Animals ; Cyprinidae ; Proteome ; Proteomics ; Zebrafish
Chemical Substances	Proteome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-24
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	165707-0
ISSN	1868-596X ; 1018-4562 ; 0946-7785
ISSN	1868-596X ; 1018-4562 ; 0946-7785
DOI	10.14573/altex.2107212
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Article ; Online: Reporting and reproducibility: Proteomics of fish models in environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology.

Henke, Abigail N / Chilukuri, Srikhar / Langan, Laura M / Brooks, Bryan W

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 912, Page(s) 168455

Abstract: Environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology research efforts are employing proteomics with fish models as New Approach Methodologies, along with in silico, in vitro and other omics techniques to elucidate hazards of toxicants and toxins. We performed a ... ...

Abstract	Environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology research efforts are employing proteomics with fish models as New Approach Methodologies, along with in silico, in vitro and other omics techniques to elucidate hazards of toxicants and toxins. We performed a critical review of toxicology studies with fish models using proteomics and reported fundamental parameters across experimental design, sample preparation, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics of fish, which represent alternative vertebrate models in environmental toxicology, and routinely studied animals in ecotoxicology. We observed inconsistencies in reporting and methodologies among experimental designs, sample preparations, data acquisitions and bioinformatics, which can affect reproducibility of experimental results. We identified a distinct need to develop reporting guidelines for proteomics use in environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology, increased QA/QC throughout studies, and method optimization with an emphasis on reducing inconsistencies among studies. Several recommendations are offered as logical steps to advance development and application of this emerging research area to understand chemical hazards to public health and the environment.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecotoxicology/methods ; Proteomics/methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Fishes ; Computational Biology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168455
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