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  1. Article ; Online: Heterogeneity of obstructive sleep apnea phenotypes after ischemic stroke: Outcome variation by cluster analysis.

    Khot, S P / Lisabeth, L D / Kwicklis, M / Chervin, R D / Case, E / Schütz, S G / Brown, D L

    Sleep medicine

    2024  Volume 114, Page(s) 145–150

    Abstract: Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common but under-recognized after stroke. The aim of this study was to determine whether post-stroke phenotypic OSA subtypes are associated with stroke outcome in a population-based observational cohort.: ...

    Abstract Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common but under-recognized after stroke. The aim of this study was to determine whether post-stroke phenotypic OSA subtypes are associated with stroke outcome in a population-based observational cohort.
    Methods: Ischemic stroke patients (n = 804) diagnosed with OSA (respiratory event index ≥10) soon after ischemic stroke were identified from the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) project. Functional, cognitive, and quality of life outcomes were assessed at 90 days post-stroke and long-term stroke recurrence was ascertained. Latent profile analysis was performed based on demographic and clinical features, pre-stroke sleep characteristics, OSA severity, and vascular risk factors. Regression models were used to assess the association between phenotypic clusters and outcomes.
    Results: Four distinct phenotypic clusters provided the best fit. Cluster 1 was characterized by more severe stroke; cluster 2 by severe OSA and higher prevalence of medical comorbidities; cluster 3 by mild stroke and mild OSA; and cluster 4 by moderate OSA and mild stroke. Compared to cluster 3 and after adjustment for baseline stroke severity, cluster 1 and cluster 2 had worse 90-day functional outcome and cluster 1 also had worse quality of life. No difference in cognitive outcome or stroke recurrence rate was noted by cluster.
    Conclusion: Post-stroke OSA is a heterogeneous disorder with different clinical phenotypes associated with stroke outcomes, including both daily function and quality of life. The unique presentations of OSA after stroke may have important implications for stroke prognosis and personalized treatment strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ischemic Stroke/complications ; Quality of Life ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis ; Phenotype ; Cluster Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2012041-2
    ISSN 1878-5506 ; 1389-9457
    ISSN (online) 1878-5506
    ISSN 1389-9457
    DOI 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.12.027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5315: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 635: Show issues

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  2. Article: Special section on Rural Inequalities. Guest editorial for special issue on rural inequalities: Thinking about rural inequalities as a cross-national research project

    Shortall, S. / Brown, D. L.

    Journal of rural studies

    2019  Volume 68, Issue -, Page(s) 213

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 252458-2
    ISSN 0743-0167
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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    Z 4225: Show issues

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  3. Article ; Online: Solutions exist for constraints to household production and retention of animal food products

    Brown, D.L.

    Journal of Nutrition

    2013  

    Abstract: This article reviews constraints to household level animal source food production in developing countries and suggests solutions to some of these constraints. These constraints include land, labor, money, feed quality, water, disease, animal genetics, ... ...

    Abstract This article reviews constraints to household level animal source food production in developing countries and suggests solutions to some of these constraints. These constraints include land, labor, money, feed quality, water, disease, animal genetics, roles for animals beyond food production, grazing techniques and an understanding of the entire agricultural system at the household level. Better understanding of farming systems and the elements that comprise it which affect animal food production permits wise management of nutrient flows and enhanced sustainability
    Keywords animal production ; constraints ; sustainablility ; foods ; animal products
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-03T05:25:55Z
    Publishing country fr
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: More than a rural revolt: Landscapes of despair and the 2016 Presidential election

    Monnat, S. M. / Brown, D. L.

    Journal of rural studies

    2017  Volume 55, Issue -, Page(s) 227

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 252458-2
    ISSN 0743-0167
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  5. Book: Agriculture and developing territories

    Brown, D. L.

    an ingaural lecture given in the University of Fort Hare, 24.9.1971

    (Fort Hare inaugral Lectures ; C,17)

    1971  

    Author's details by D. L. Brown
    Series title Fort Hare inaugral Lectures ; C,17
    Fort Hare inaugural lectures
    Collection Fort Hare inaugural lectures
    Size 37 S.
    Publisher Univ. Pr
    Publishing place Fort Hare
    Publishing country South Africa
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT010263412
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    898/1254 order for loan Geschlossenes Magazin (U2)

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  6. Article: Lymphocyte Subsets in the Adrenal Glands of Dogs With Primary Hypoadrenocorticism

    Friedenberg, S. G / Brown, D. L / Meurs, K. M / Law, J. McHugh

    Veterinary pathology. , v. 55, no. 1

    2018  

    Abstract: Primary hypoadrenocorticism, or Addison’s disease, is an autoimmune condition common in certain dog breeds that leads to the destruction of the adrenal cortex and a clinical syndrome involving anorexia, gastrointestinal upset, and electrolyte imbalances. ...

    Abstract Primary hypoadrenocorticism, or Addison’s disease, is an autoimmune condition common in certain dog breeds that leads to the destruction of the adrenal cortex and a clinical syndrome involving anorexia, gastrointestinal upset, and electrolyte imbalances. Previous studies have demonstrated that this destruction is strongly associated with lymphocytic-plasmacytic inflammation and that the lymphocytes are primarily T cells. In this study, we used both immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to characterize the T-cell subtypes involved. We collected postmortem specimens of 5 dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism and 2 control dogs and, using the aforementioned techniques, showed that the lymphocytes are primarily CD4+ rather than CD8+. These findings have important implications for improving our understanding of the pathogenesis and in searching for the underlying causative genetic polymorphisms.
    Keywords T-lymphocytes ; adrenal cortex ; animal pathology ; anorexia ; digestive system diseases ; dog breeds ; dogs ; electrolytes ; genetic polymorphism ; hypoadrenocorticism ; immunohistochemistry ; in situ hybridization ; inflammation ; pathogenesis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-01
    Size p. 177-181.
    Publishing place SAGE Publications
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 188012-3
    ISSN 1544-2217 ; 0300-9858
    ISSN (online) 1544-2217
    ISSN 0300-9858
    DOI 10.1177/0300985816684914
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    Z 1959: Show issues

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  7. Article: A review of studies examining the nature of selection-based and topography-based verbal behavior.

    Potter, B / Brown, D L

    The Analysis of verbal behavior

    2012  Volume 14, Page(s) 85–104

    Abstract: Selection-based (SB) verbal behavior, in most general terms, consists of selecting stimuli from an array, which presumably has some effect on a listener. Topography-based (TB) verbal behavior consists of responses with unique topographies (e.g. speaking, ...

    Abstract Selection-based (SB) verbal behavior, in most general terms, consists of selecting stimuli from an array, which presumably has some effect on a listener. Topography-based (TB) verbal behavior consists of responses with unique topographies (e.g. speaking, signing, writing) which is also presumed to have some effect on a listener. This article reviews research examining the nature of these two types of verbal behavior. Overall, TB verbal behavior appears to be more easily acquired and may also function to mediate some SB verbal behavior.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-04-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2604620-9
    ISSN 2196-8926 ; 0889-9401
    ISSN (online) 2196-8926
    ISSN 0889-9401
    DOI 10.1007/BF03392917
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  8. Article: Aflatoxin contamination in Haitian peanut products and maize and the safety of oil processed from contaminated peanuts

    Schwartzbord, J. R. / Brown, D. L.

    Food control

    2015  Volume 56, Issue -, Page(s) 114

    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1027805-9
    ISSN 0956-7135
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5255: Show issues

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  9. Article ; Online: The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic rationale for administering vancomycin via continuous infusion.

    Waineo, M F / Kuhn, T C / Brown, D L

    Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics

    2015  Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 259–265

    Abstract: What is known and objective: Vancomycin is administered via intermittent infusion (II) almost exclusively in the United States, whereas continuous infusion (CI) dosing methods are used regularly in many European countries. The purpose of this literature ...

    Abstract What is known and objective: Vancomycin is administered via intermittent infusion (II) almost exclusively in the United States, whereas continuous infusion (CI) dosing methods are used regularly in many European countries. The purpose of this literature analysis is to review current evidence regarding the advantages and disadvantages of CI vancomycin in relation to II, based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of dosing and monitoring therapy, and to identify current practices of CI vancomycin dosing.
    Methods: Medline, Cochrane and GoogleScholar databases were searched using vancomycin as a MeSH term, along with continuous and infusion in all fields, which identified 136 citations. A second search added the terms intermittent and survey, producing nine additional articles. All articles that reported an assessment of CI or II vancomycin administration in adult patients, based on clinical, pharmacokinetic, cost or monitoring considerations, were identified. A total of 43 publications were determined to be suitable for final analysis and possible inclusion in the report.
    Results and discussion: A meta-analysis of six studies concluded that CI vancomycin was associated with a lower relative risk of kidney injury than II therapy, although other studies reported equivocal findings. The results of several clinical studies suggest that CI vancomycin produces clinical outcomes that are comparable to II. Current vancomycin consensus guidelines promote aggressive dosing to achieve trough levels of 10-15 or 15-20 mg/L, but also include recommendations to target a daily area under the curve (AUC24 ) to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio of at least 400. Because vancomycin is a non-concentration-dependent antibiotic, it might be more prudent to monitor steady-state serum concentrations (Css ) during a CI rather than trough concentrations during II, due to the questionable correlation between measured trough concentration and AUC. From a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic perspective, vancomycin dosing and monitoring practices associated with CI offer potentially greater reliability than II. A major disadvantage of CI involves the possibility of having to intravenously co-administer another drug that might not be compatible with vancomycin.
    What is new and conclusion: Continuous infusion vancomycin therapy offers the advantage of Css monitoring, thus avoiding the variabilities associated with the timing of trough levels. Current CI practices include a loading dose of 15-20 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 10-40 mg/kg/day based on the patient's renal function, with a target Css of about 20-30 mg/L. An alternative approach to weight-based (mg/kg) CI dosing is to calculate the dose from an estimation of the patient's vancomycin clearance (in L/h), derived from creatinine clearance (CrCl) via the equation (CrCl∙0·041) + 0·22. The daily dose is then determined by multiplying vancomycin clearance (in L/h) by the desired AUC24 . A new CI vancomycin dosing chart includes clearance-based dosing recommendations for Css values ranging from 17·5 to 27·5 mg/L or AUC24 values ranging from 420 to 660 mg h/L. Although sufficient data already exist to support the use of CI vancomycin as a reasonable therapeutic alternative to II, there is still much to learn about administering the drug in this fashion.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Drug Monitoring/methods ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Vancomycin/administration & dosage ; Vancomycin/pharmacokinetics
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Vancomycin (6Q205EH1VU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639006-7
    ISSN 1365-2710 ; 0269-4727
    ISSN (online) 1365-2710
    ISSN 0269-4727
    DOI 10.1111/jcpt.12270
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    Zs.A 1313: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article: Lysine flux in dry and lactating dairy goats.

    Brown, D L

    The Journal of nutritional biochemistry

    2004  Volume 1, Issue 7, Page(s) 371–373

    Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that the physiological state of lactation is accompanied by both an increase in total plasma lysine flux (rate of loss and replacement of lysine) and a net reduction in flux through the plasma ... ...

    Abstract The objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that the physiological state of lactation is accompanied by both an increase in total plasma lysine flux (rate of loss and replacement of lysine) and a net reduction in flux through the plasma lysine pool after accounting for lysine secreted in the milk. Eight lactating French Alpine does were primed and infused for three hours with solutions of alpha15N L-lysine HCl in 0.9% saline through indwelling jugular vein catheters. Enrichment of circulating plasma lysine by continuous intravenous infusion of alpha15N L-lysine was used to estimate whole body lysine flux. This procedure was repeated one month after cessation of milking. Total plasma lysine flux was similar for dry and lactating does (116.6 and 123.0 mmol/d, SEM 16.6 mmol), but 54.2 mmol/d lysine was secreted as milk protein during lactation. Direct measurement of lysine absorption from the lower tract and independent measurement of lysine degradation are needed to provide a more complete portrait of caprine lysine kinetics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-11-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1014929-6
    ISSN 1873-4847 ; 0955-2863
    ISSN (online) 1873-4847
    ISSN 0955-2863
    DOI 10.1016/0955-2863(90)90007-8
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