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Book ; Conference proceedings: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza

Brown, Lorena E.

Cairns, Australia, 4 - 9 May, 1996

(Options for the control of influenza ; 3 ; International congress series ; 1123)

1996

Event/congress	International Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza (3, 1996, Cairns)
Author's details	ed.: Lorena E. Brown
Series title	Options for the control of influenza ; 3 International congress series ; 1123
Collection
Keywords	Influenza Vaccine / congresses ; Influenza / prevention & control / congresses ; Influenza / virology / congresses ; Grippe ; Influenzaviren
Subject	Orthomyxoviridae ; Grippeviren ; Influenza
Language	English
Size	XIX, 860 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Excerpta Medica
Publishing place	Amsterdam u.a.
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings
HBZ-ID	HT007478505
ISBN	0-444-82461-8 ; 978-0-444-82461-5
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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Article: Gene Segment Interactions Can Drive the Emergence of Dominant Yet Suboptimal Gene Constellations During Influenza Virus Reassortment.

Trifkovic, Sanja / Gilbertson, Brad / Fairmaid, Emily / Cobbin, Joanna / Rockman, Steven / Brown, Lorena E

Frontiers in microbiology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 683152

Abstract: A segmented genome enables influenza virus to undergo reassortment when two viruses infect the same cell. Although reassortment is involved in the creation of pandemic influenza strains and is routinely used to produce influenza vaccines, our ... ...

Abstract	A segmented genome enables influenza virus to undergo reassortment when two viruses infect the same cell. Although reassortment is involved in the creation of pandemic influenza strains and is routinely used to produce influenza vaccines, our understanding of the factors that drive the emergence of dominant gene constellations during this process is incomplete. Recently, we defined a spectrum of interactions between the gene segments of the A/Udorn/307/72 (H3N2) (Udorn) strain that occur within virus particles, a major interaction being between the NA and PB1 gene segments. In addition, we showed that the Udorn PB1 is preferentially incorporated into reassortant viruses that express the Udorn NA. Here we use an influenza vaccine seed production model where eggs are coinfected with Udorn and the high yielding A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) (PR8) virus and track viral genotypes through the reassortment process under antibody selective pressure to determine the impact of Udorn NA-PB1 co-selection. We discovered that 86% of the reassortants contained the PB1 from the Udorn parent after the initial co-infection and this bias towards Udorn PB1 was maintained after two further passages. Included in these were certain gene constellations containing Udorn HA, NA, and PB1 that confered low replicative fitness yet rapidly became dominant at the expense of more fit progeny, even when co-infection ratios of the two viruses favoured PR8. Fitness was not compromised, however, in the corresponding reassortants that also contained Udorn NP. Of particular note is the observation that relatively unfit reassortants could still fulfil the role of vaccine seed candidates as they provided high haemagglutinin (HA) antigen yields through co-production of non-infectious particles and/or by more HA molecules per virion. Our data illustrate the dynamics and complexity of reassortment and highlight how major gene segment interactions formed during packaging, in addition to antibody pressure, initially restrict the reassortant viruses that are formed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2021.683152
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The role of adjuvants in vaccines for seasonal and pandemic influenza.

Brown, Lorena E

Vaccine

2010 Volume 28, Issue 50, Page(s) 8043–8045

Abstract: Current seasonal influenza vaccines aim to induce high-titred virus-neutralizing antibody to the viral hemagglutinin (HA), which is the best form of protection against infection, but these vaccines can be poorly efficacious in the elderly and other ... ...

Abstract	Current seasonal influenza vaccines aim to induce high-titred virus-neutralizing antibody to the viral hemagglutinin (HA), which is the best form of protection against infection, but these vaccines can be poorly efficacious in the elderly and other target groups that rely on them most. Furthermore, little cross-protection is provided against significantly drifted strains and even less against different subtypes of virus with pandemic potential. Adjuvants could theoretically have two different roles in improving control of influenza through vaccination. Firstly, a role in enhancing the antibody response in situations where the split virus preparation is poorly immunogenic or if there is an imperative to provide "dose sparing" in the context mass vaccination with a virus to which the population is immunologically naïve. Secondly, adjuvants could be used to allow induction of additional arms of the immune response that are not stimulated by current split virus vaccines. Briefly reviewed here are our efforts to investigate the role of adjuvants in both these contexts.
MeSH term(s)	Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology ; Aluminum Compounds/immunology ; Animals ; Cholesterol/immunology ; Drug Combinations ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Mice ; Phosphates/immunology ; Phospholipids/immunology ; Saponins/immunology
Chemical Substances	Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Aluminum Compounds ; Drug Combinations ; ISCOMATRIX ; Influenza Vaccines ; Phosphates ; Phospholipids ; Saponins ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; aluminum phosphate (F92V3S521O)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-11-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.09.024
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Selecting and Using the Appropriate Influenza Vaccine for Each Individual

Sekiya, Toshiki / Ohno, Marumi / Nomura, Naoki / Handabile, Chimuka / Shingai, Masashi / Jackson, David C. / Brown, Lorena E. / Kida, Hiroshi

Viruses. 2021 May 24, v. 13, no. 6

2021

Abstract: Despite seasonal influenza vaccines having been routinely used for many decades, influenza A virus continues to pose a global threat to humans, causing high morbidity and mortality each year. The effectiveness of the vaccine is largely dependent on how ... ...

Abstract	Despite seasonal influenza vaccines having been routinely used for many decades, influenza A virus continues to pose a global threat to humans, causing high morbidity and mortality each year. The effectiveness of the vaccine is largely dependent on how well matched the vaccine strains are with the circulating influenza virus strains. Furthermore, low vaccine efficacy in naïve populations such as young children, or in the elderly, who possess weakened immune systems, indicates that influenza vaccines need to be more personalized to provide broader community protection. Advances in both vaccine technologies and our understanding of influenza virus infection and immunity have led to the design of a variety of alternate vaccine strategies to extend population protection against influenza, some of which are now in use. In this review, we summarize the progress in the field of influenza vaccines, including the advantages and disadvantages of different strategies, and discuss future prospects. We also highlight some of the challenges to be faced in the ongoing effort to control influenza through vaccination.
Keywords	Influenza A virus ; elderly ; immunity ; influenza ; influenza vaccines ; morbidity ; mortality ; vaccination
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0524
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13060971
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Inhibition of Influenza A Virus by Human Infant Saliva.

Gilbertson, Brad / Edenborough, Kathryn / McVernon, Jodie / Brown, Lorena E

Viruses

2019 Volume 11, Issue 8

Abstract: Innate antiviral factors in saliva play a role in protection against respiratory infections. We tested the anti-influenza virus activities of saliva samples taken from human infants, 1-12 months old, with no history of prior exposure to influenza. In ... ...

Abstract	Innate antiviral factors in saliva play a role in protection against respiratory infections. We tested the anti-influenza virus activities of saliva samples taken from human infants, 1-12 months old, with no history of prior exposure to influenza. In contrast to the inhibitory activity we observed in mouse and ferret saliva, the activity of human infant saliva was complex, with both sialic acid-dependent and independent components, the proportion of which differed between individuals. Taken as a whole, we showed that the major anti-influenza activity of infant saliva is acquired over the first year of life and is associated with sialic acid-containing molecules. The activity of sialic acid-independent inhibitors was lower overall, more variable between individuals, and less dependent on age. The results show that the saliva of very young infants can provide a degree of protection against influenza, which may be critical in the absence of adaptive immunity.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Female ; Ferrets ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza A virus/drug effects ; Influenza A virus/genetics ; Influenza A virus/physiology ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Male ; Mice ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid/analysis ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid/pharmacology ; Saliva/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (GZP2782OP0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v11080766
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Inhibition of Influenza A Virus by Human Infant Saliva

Gilbertson, Brad / Edenborough, Kathryn / McVernon, Jodie / Brown, Lorena E

Viruses. 2019 Aug. 20, v. 11, no. 8

2019

Abstract: Innate antiviral factors in saliva play a role in protection against respiratory infections. We tested the anti-influenza virus activities of saliva samples taken from human infants, 1–12 months old, with no history of prior exposure to influenza. In ... ...

Abstract	Innate antiviral factors in saliva play a role in protection against respiratory infections. We tested the anti-influenza virus activities of saliva samples taken from human infants, 1–12 months old, with no history of prior exposure to influenza. In contrast to the inhibitory activity we observed in mouse and ferret saliva, the activity of human infant saliva was complex, with both sialic acid-dependent and independent components, the proportion of which differed between individuals. Taken as a whole, we showed that the major anti-influenza activity of infant saliva is acquired over the first year of life and is associated with sialic acid-containing molecules. The activity of sialic acid-independent inhibitors was lower overall, more variable between individuals, and less dependent on age. The results show that the saliva of very young infants can provide a degree of protection against influenza, which may be critical in the absence of adaptive immunity.
Keywords	Influenza A virus ; adaptive immunity ; ferrets ; humans ; infants ; influenza ; mice ; saliva ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0820
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v11080766
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Selecting and Using the Appropriate Influenza Vaccine for Each Individual.

Sekiya, Toshiki / Ohno, Marumi / Nomura, Naoki / Handabile, Chimuka / Shingai, Masashi / Jackson, David C / Brown, Lorena E / Kida, Hiroshi

Viruses

2021 Volume 13, Issue 6

Abstract	Despite seasonal influenza vaccines having been routinely used for many decades, influenza A virus continues to pose a global threat to humans, causing high morbidity and mortality each year. The effectiveness of the vaccine is largely dependent on how well matched the vaccine strains are with the circulating influenza virus strains. Furthermore, low vaccine efficacy in naïve populations such as young children, or in the elderly, who possess weakened immune systems, indicates that influenza vaccines need to be more personalized to provide broader community protection. Advances in both vaccine technologies and our understanding of influenza virus infection and immunity have led to the design of a variety of alternate vaccine strategies to extend population protection against influenza, some of which are now in use. In this review, we summarize the progress in the field of influenza vaccines, including the advantages and disadvantages of different strategies, and discuss future prospects. We also highlight some of the challenges to be faced in the ongoing effort to control influenza through vaccination.
MeSH term(s)	Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Clinical Decision-Making ; Disease Management ; Humans ; Influenza A virus/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Influenza Vaccines/adverse effects ; Influenza Vaccines/classification ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Public Health Surveillance ; Research ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13060971
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Insights into the Acquisition of Virulence of Avian Influenza Viruses during a Single Passage in Ferrets

Butler, Jeffrey / Middleton, Deborah / Haining, Jessica / Layton, Rachel / Rockman, Steven / Brown, Lorena E / Sapats, Sandra

Viruses. 2019 Oct. 04, v. 11, no. 10

2019

Abstract: Circulating avian influenza viruses pose a significant threat, with human infections occurring infrequently but with potentially severe consequences. To examine the dynamics and locale of the adaptation process of avian influenza viruses when introduced ... ...

Abstract	Circulating avian influenza viruses pose a significant threat, with human infections occurring infrequently but with potentially severe consequences. To examine the dynamics and locale of the adaptation process of avian influenza viruses when introduced to a mammalian host, we infected ferrets with H5N1 viruses. As expected, all ferrets infected with the human H5N1 isolate A/Vietnam/1203/2004 showed severe disease and virus replication outside the respiratory tract in multiple organs including the brain. In contrast infection of ferrets with the avian H5N1 virus A/Chicken/Laos/Xaythiani-26/2006 showed a different collective pattern of infection; many ferrets developed and cleared a mild respiratory infection but a subset (25–50%), showed extended replication in the upper respiratory tract and developed infection in distal sites. Virus from these severely infected ferrets was commonly found in tissues that included liver and small intestine. In most instances the virus had acquired the common virulence substitution PB2 E627K but, in one case, a previously unidentified combination of two amino acid substitutions at PB2 S489P and NP V408I, which enhanced polymerase activity, was found. We noted that virus with high pathogenicity adaptations could be dominant in an extra-respiratory site without being equally represented in the nasal wash. Further ferret passage of these mutated viruses resulted in high pathogenicity in all ferrets. These findings illustrate the remarkable ability of avian influenza viruses that avoid clearance in the respiratory tract, to mutate towards a high pathogenicity phenotype during just a single passage in ferrets and also indicate a window of less than 5 days in which treatment may curtail systemic infection.
Keywords	Influenza A virus ; amino acid substitution ; animal diseases ; brain ; chickens ; disease severity ; enzyme activity ; enzymes ; ferrets ; human diseases ; humans ; liver ; nose ; phenotype ; respiratory tract diseases ; small intestine ; tissues ; virulence ; virus replication ; viruses ; Laos ; Vietnam
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-1004
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v11100915
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Considerations for the rapid deployment of vaccines against H7N9 influenza.

Chua, Brendon Y / Brown, Lorena E / Jackson, David C

Expert review of vaccines

2014 Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) 1327–1337

Abstract: The threat of an outbreak of avian-origin influenza H7N9 and the devastating consequences that a pandemic could have on global population health and economies has mobilized programs of constant surveillance and the implementation of preemptive plans. ... ...

Abstract	The threat of an outbreak of avian-origin influenza H7N9 and the devastating consequences that a pandemic could have on global population health and economies has mobilized programs of constant surveillance and the implementation of preemptive plans. Central to these plans is the production of prepandemic vaccines that can be rapidly deployed to minimize disease severity and deaths resulting from such an occurrence. In this article, we review current H7N9 vaccine strategies in place and the available technologies and options that can help accelerate vaccine production and increase dose-sparing capabilities to provide enough vaccines to cover the population. We also present possible means of reducing disease impact during the critical period after an outbreak occurs before a strain matched vaccine becomes available and consider the use of existing stockpiles and seed strains of phylogenetically related subtypes, alternate vaccination regimes and vaccine forms that induce cross-reactive immunity.
MeSH term(s)	Epidemiological Monitoring ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/isolation & purification ; Influenza Vaccines/supply & distribution ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Vaccination/methods
Chemical Substances	Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2181284-6
ISSN	1744-8395 ; 1476-0584
ISSN (online)	1744-8395
ISSN	1476-0584
DOI	10.1586/14760584.2014.938641
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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Article: Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Structure and Functions.

McAuley, Julie L / Gilbertson, Brad P / Trifkovic, Sanja / Brown, Lorena E / McKimm-Breschkin, Jennifer L

Frontiers in microbiology

2019 Volume 10, Page(s) 39

Abstract: With the constant threat of emergence of a novel influenza virus pandemic, there must be continued evaluation of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to virulence. Although the influenza A virus surface glycoprotein neuraminidase (NA) has been ... ...

Abstract	With the constant threat of emergence of a novel influenza virus pandemic, there must be continued evaluation of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to virulence. Although the influenza A virus surface glycoprotein neuraminidase (NA) has been studied mainly in the context of its role in viral release from cells, accumulating evidence suggests it plays an important, multifunctional role in virus infection and fitness. This review investigates the various structural features of NA, linking these with functional outcomes in viral replication. The contribution of evolving NA activity to viral attachment, entry and release of virions from infected cells, and maintenance of functional balance with the viral hemagglutinin are also discussed. Greater insight into the role of this important antiviral drug target is warranted.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2019.00039
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