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  1. Article ; Online: Improving inclusion and well-being of trans and gender nonconforming collegiate student-athletes: foundational concepts from the National Collegiate Athletic Association Summit on Gender Identity and Student-Athlete Participation.

    Kroshus, Emily / Ackerman, Kathryn E / Brown, Mac / Griffin, Pat / Durden, LaGwyn / Merrill, Jean / Wilson, Amy / Hainline, Brian

    British journal of sports medicine

    2023  Volume 57, Issue 10, Page(s) 564–570

    Abstract: The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Summit on Gender Identity and Student-Athlete Participation was convened to identify institutional/athletic department strategies that may support the well-being of trans and gender nonconforming (TGNC) ...

    Abstract The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Summit on Gender Identity and Student-Athlete Participation was convened to identify institutional/athletic department strategies that may support the well-being of trans and gender nonconforming (TGNC) collegiate student-athletes in the USA. The Summit's purview did not include policy-level changes to eligibility rules. A modified Delphi consensus process was used to identify strategies for supporting collegiate TGNC student-athlete well-being. Key steps included an exploration phase (learning, generating ideas), and an evaluation phase (rating ideas in terms of their utility and feasibility). Summit participants (n=60) included individuals meeting at least one of the following criteria: current or former TGNC athlete, academic or healthcare professional with topical expertise, collegiate athletics stakeholder who would be involved in implementing potential strategies, representative from leading sports medicine organisation, or representative from relevant NCAA membership committee. Summit participants identified strategies in the following domains: healthcare practices (patient-centred care and culturally sensitive care); education for all stakeholders involved in athletics; and administration (inclusive language, quality improvement processes). Summit participants also proposed ways that the NCAA, through its existing committee and governance structures, could help support the well-being of TGNC athletes. NCAA-focused concepts were in the following domains: policy making processes; eligibility and transfer processes; resource development and dissemination; and visibility and support for TGNC athletes. The strategies developed represent important and relevant approaches that member institutions, athletic departments, NCAA committees, governance bodies and other stakeholders might consider in their efforts to support TGNC student-athlete well-being.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Male ; Athletic Injuries ; Gender Identity ; Athletes/education ; Sports ; Students ; Universities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 600592-5
    ISSN 1473-0480 ; 0306-3674
    ISSN (online) 1473-0480
    ISSN 0306-3674
    DOI 10.1136/bjsports-2022-106392
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Demography and space-use of Eastern Red-backed Salamanders (

    Gade, Meaghan R / Gould, Philip R / Wilk, Andrew J / Donlon, Kate C / Brown, MacKenzie L / Behan, Marnie L / Roseman, Marissa A / Tutterow, Annalee M / Amber, Evan D / Wagner, Ryan B / Hoffman, Andrew S / Myers, Jennifer M / Peterman, William E

    Ecology and evolution

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) e9764

    Abstract: Space-use and demographic processes are critical to the persistence of populations across space and time. Despite their importance, estimates of these processes are often derived from a limited number of populations spanning broad habitat or ... ...

    Abstract Space-use and demographic processes are critical to the persistence of populations across space and time. Despite their importance, estimates of these processes are often derived from a limited number of populations spanning broad habitat or environmental gradients. With increasing appreciation of the role fine-scale environmental variation in microgeographic adaptation, there is a need and value to assessing within-site variation in space-use and demographic patterns. In this study, we analyze 3 years of spatial capture-recapture data on the Eastern Red-backed Salamander collected from a mixed-use deciduous forest site in central Ohio, USA. Study plots were situated in both a mature forest stand and successional forest stand separated by <100-m distance. Our results showed that salamander density was reduced on successional plots, which corresponded with greater distance between nearest neighbors, less overlap in core use areas, greater space-use, and greater shifts in activity centers when compared to salamanders occupying the mature habitat. By contrast, individual growth rates of salamanders occupying the successional forest were significantly greater than salamanders in the mature forest. These estimates result in successional plot salamanders reaching maturity more than 1 year earlier than salamanders on the mature forest plots and increasing their estimated lifetime fecundity by as much as 43%. The patterns we observed in space-use and individual growth are likely the result of density-dependent processes, potentially reflecting differences in resource availability or quality. Our study highlights how fine-scale, within-site variation can shape population demographics. As research into the demographic and population consequences of climate change and habitat loss and alteration continue, future research should take care to acknowledge the role that fine-scale variation may play, especially for abiotically sensitive organisms with limited vagility.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2635675-2
    ISSN 2045-7758
    ISSN 2045-7758
    DOI 10.1002/ece3.9764
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online: Social contexts of early education, and reconceptualizing play (II)

    Brown, Mac H / Reifel, Robert Stuart

    (Advances in early education and day care ; v. 13)

    2004  

    Abstract: New social contexts for early education and care often require that we aim our inquiry at social conditions that have not existed in the past, as well as elaborating long-standing concerns. This volume revisits a number of themes that have appeared in ... ...

    Author's details edited by Stuart Reifel, Mac Brown
    Series title Advances in early education and day care ; v. 13
    Abstract New social contexts for early education and care often require that we aim our inquiry at social conditions that have not existed in the past, as well as elaborating long-standing concerns. This volume revisits a number of themes that have appeared in earlier Advances publications
    Keywords Child care ; Early childhood education ; Play
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (xiii, 291 p)
    Publisher Elsevier JAI
    Publishing place Amsterdam ;Oxford
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index
    ISBN 0080456820 ; 0762311460 ; 9780080456829 ; 9780762311460
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  4. Article: A Flexible Spatial Framework for Modeling Spread of Pathogens in Animals with Biosurveillance and Disease Control Applications

    LaBute, Montiago X / McMahon, Benjamin H / Brown, Mac / Manore, Carrie / Fair, Jeanne M

    ISPRS international journal of geo-information. 2014 May 09, v. 3, no. 2

    2014  

    Abstract: Biosurveillance activities focus on acquiring and analyzing epidemiological and biological data to interpret unfolding events and predict outcomes in infectious disease outbreaks. We describe a mathematical modeling framework based on geographically ... ...

    Abstract Biosurveillance activities focus on acquiring and analyzing epidemiological and biological data to interpret unfolding events and predict outcomes in infectious disease outbreaks. We describe a mathematical modeling framework based on geographically aligned data sources and with appropriate flexibility that partitions the modeling of disease spread into two distinct but coupled levels. A top-level stochastic simulation is defined on a network with nodes representing user-configurable geospatial “patches”. Intra-patch disease spread is treated with differential equations that assume uniform mixing within the patch. We use U.S. county-level aggregated data on animal populations and parameters from the literature to simulate epidemic spread of two strikingly different animal diseases agents: foot-and-mouth disease and highly pathogenic avian influenza. Results demonstrate the capability of this framework to leverage low-fidelity data while producing meaningful output to inform biosurveillance and disease control measures. For example, we show that the possible magnitude of an outbreak is sensitive to the starting location of the outbreak, highlighting the strong geographic dependence of livestock and poultry infectious disease epidemics and the usefulness of effective biosurveillance policy. The ability to compare different diseases and host populations across the geographic landscape is important for decision support applications and for assessing the impact of surveillance, detection, and mitigation protocols.
    Keywords avian influenza ; control methods ; differential equation ; disease control ; disease outbreaks ; foot-and-mouth disease ; issues and policy ; landscapes ; livestock ; mathematical models ; mixing ; monitoring ; pathogens ; United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-0509
    Size p. 638-661.
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2655790-3
    ISSN 2220-9964
    ISSN 2220-9964
    DOI 10.3390/ijgi3020638
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Disease properties, geography, and mitigation strategies in a simulation spread of rinderpest across the United States.

    Manore, Carrie / McMahon, Benjamin / Fair, Jeanne / Hyman, James M / Brown, Mac / Labute, Montiago

    Veterinary research

    2011  Volume 42, Page(s) 55

    Abstract: For the past decade, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has been working toward eradicating rinderpest through vaccination and intense surveillance by 2012. Because of the potential severity of a rinderpest epidemic, it is ... ...

    Abstract For the past decade, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has been working toward eradicating rinderpest through vaccination and intense surveillance by 2012. Because of the potential severity of a rinderpest epidemic, it is prudent to prepare for an unexpected outbreak in animal populations. There is no immunity to the disease among the livestock or wildlife in the United States (US). If rinderpest were to emerge in the US, the loss in livestock could be devastating. We predict the potential spread of rinderpest using a two-stage model for the spread of a multi-host infectious disease among agricultural animals in the US. The model incorporates large-scale interactions among US counties and the small-scale dynamics of disease spread within a county. The model epidemic was seeded in 16 locations and there was a strong dependence of the overall epidemic size on the starting location. The epidemics were classified according to overall size into small epidemics of 100 to 300 animals (failed epidemics), epidemics infecting 3,000 to 30,000 animals (medium epidemics), and the large epidemics infecting around one million beef cattle. The size of the rinderpest epidemics were directly related to the origin of the disease and whether or not the disease moved into certain key counties in high-livestock-density areas of the US. The epidemic size also depended upon response time and effectiveness of movement controls.
    MeSH term(s) Animal Husbandry/methods ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Cattle Diseases/prevention & control ; Cattle Diseases/virology ; Computer Simulation ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Geography ; Models, Biological ; Rinderpest/epidemiology ; Rinderpest/prevention & control ; Rinderpest/virology ; Rinderpest virus/physiology ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/epidemiology ; Sheep Diseases/prevention & control ; Sheep Diseases/virology ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control ; Swine Diseases/virology ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1146298-x
    ISSN 1297-9716 ; 0928-4249
    ISSN (online) 1297-9716
    ISSN 0928-4249
    DOI 10.1186/1297-9716-42-55
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Advancing a framework to enable characterization and evaluation of data streams useful for biosurveillance.

    Margevicius, Kristen J / Generous, Nicholas / Taylor-McCabe, Kirsten J / Brown, Mac / Daniel, W Brent / Castro, Lauren / Hengartner, Andrea / Deshpande, Alina

    PloS one

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) e83730

    Abstract: In recent years, biosurveillance has become the buzzword under which a diverse set of ideas and activities regarding detecting and mitigating biological threats are incorporated depending on context and perspective. Increasingly, biosurveillance practice ...

    Abstract In recent years, biosurveillance has become the buzzword under which a diverse set of ideas and activities regarding detecting and mitigating biological threats are incorporated depending on context and perspective. Increasingly, biosurveillance practice has become global and interdisciplinary, requiring information and resources across public health, One Health, and biothreat domains. Even within the scope of infectious disease surveillance, multiple systems, data sources, and tools are used with varying and often unknown effectiveness. Evaluating the impact and utility of state-of-the-art biosurveillance is, in part, confounded by the complexity of the systems and the information derived from them. We present a novel approach conceptualizing biosurveillance from the perspective of the fundamental data streams that have been or could be used for biosurveillance and to systematically structure a framework that can be universally applicable for use in evaluating and understanding a wide range of biosurveillance activities. Moreover, the Biosurveillance Data Stream Framework and associated definitions are proposed as a starting point to facilitate the development of a standardized lexicon for biosurveillance and characterization of currently used and newly emerging data streams. Criteria for building the data stream framework were developed from an examination of the literature, analysis of information on operational infectious disease biosurveillance systems, and consultation with experts in the area of biosurveillance. To demonstrate utility, the framework and definitions were used as the basis for a schema of a relational database for biosurveillance resources and in the development and use of a decision support tool for data stream evaluation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biosurveillance/methods ; Data Mining/methods ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Organizations ; Public Health Surveillance
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083730
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Selecting essential information for biosurveillance--a multi-criteria decision analysis.

    Generous, Nicholas / Margevicius, Kristen J / Taylor-McCabe, Kirsten J / Brown, Mac / Daniel, W Brent / Castro, Lauren / Hengartner, Andrea / Deshpande, Alina

    PloS one

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) e86601

    Abstract: The National Strategy for Biosurveillance defines biosurveillance as "the process of gathering, integrating, interpreting, and communicating essential information related to all-hazards threats or disease activity affecting human, animal, or plant health ...

    Abstract The National Strategy for Biosurveillance defines biosurveillance as "the process of gathering, integrating, interpreting, and communicating essential information related to all-hazards threats or disease activity affecting human, animal, or plant health to achieve early detection and warning, contribute to overall situational awareness of the health aspects of an incident, and to enable better decision-making at all levels." However, the strategy does not specify how "essential information" is to be identified and integrated into the current biosurveillance enterprise, or what the metrics qualify information as being "essential". The question of data stream identification and selection requires a structured methodology that can systematically evaluate the tradeoffs between the many criteria that need to be taken in account. Multi-Attribute Utility Theory, a type of multi-criteria decision analysis, can provide a well-defined, structured approach that can offer solutions to this problem. While the use of Multi-Attribute Utility Theoryas a practical method to apply formal scientific decision theoretical approaches to complex, multi-criteria problems has been demonstrated in a variety of fields, this method has never been applied to decision support in biosurveillance.We have developed a formalized decision support analytic framework that can facilitate identification of "essential information" for use in biosurveillance systems or processes and we offer this framework to the global BSV community as a tool for optimizing the BSV enterprise. To demonstrate utility, we applied the framework to the problem of evaluating data streams for use in an integrated global infectious disease surveillance system.
    MeSH term(s) Decision Making, Computer-Assisted ; Decision Support Techniques ; Decision Trees ; Disease Notification ; Environmental Monitoring/statistics & numerical data ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0086601
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Disease properties, geography, and mitigation strategies in a simulation spread of rinderpest across the United States

    Manore Carrie / McMahon Benjamin / Fair Jeanne / Hyman James M / Brown Mac / LaBute Montiago

    Veterinary Research, Vol 42, Iss 1, p

    2011  Volume 55

    Abstract: Abstract For the past decade, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has been working toward eradicating rinderpest through vaccination and intense surveillance by 2012. Because of the potential severity of a rinderpest epidemic, it ... ...

    Abstract Abstract For the past decade, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has been working toward eradicating rinderpest through vaccination and intense surveillance by 2012. Because of the potential severity of a rinderpest epidemic, it is prudent to prepare for an unexpected outbreak in animal populations. There is no immunity to the disease among the livestock or wildlife in the United States (US). If rinderpest were to emerge in the US, the loss in livestock could be devastating. We predict the potential spread of rinderpest using a two-stage model for the spread of a multi-host infectious disease among agricultural animals in the US. The model incorporates large-scale interactions among US counties and the small-scale dynamics of disease spread within a county. The model epidemic was seeded in 16 locations and there was a strong dependence of the overall epidemic size on the starting location. The epidemics were classified according to overall size into small epidemics of 100 to 300 animals (failed epidemics), epidemics infecting 3 000 to 30 000 animals (medium epidemics), and the large epidemics infecting around one million beef cattle. The size of the rinderpest epidemics were directly related to the origin of the disease and whether or not the disease moved into certain key counties in high-livestock-density areas of the US. The epidemic size also depended upon response time and effectiveness of movement controls.
    Keywords Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Phenolic Metabolites of Dalea ornata Affect Both Survival and Motility of the Human Pathogenic Hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum.

    Deardorff, Kaitlin / Ray, William / Winterstein, Eric / Brown, MacKenzie / McCornack, Jocelyn / Cardenas-Garcia, Brianda / Jones, Kiah / McNutt, Sarah / Fulkerson, Shannon / Ferreira, Daneel / Gény, Charlotte / Chen, Xiaoyan / Belofsky, Gil / Dondji, Blaise

    Journal of natural products

    2016  Volume 79, Issue 9, Page(s) 2296–2303

    Abstract: Hookworms are ubiquitous human parasites, infecting nearly one billion people worldwide, and are the leading cause of anemia and malnutrition in resource-limited countries. Current drug treatments rely on the benzimidazole derivatives albendazole and ... ...

    Abstract Hookworms are ubiquitous human parasites, infecting nearly one billion people worldwide, and are the leading cause of anemia and malnutrition in resource-limited countries. Current drug treatments rely on the benzimidazole derivatives albendazole and mebendazole, but there is emerging resistance to these drugs. As part of a larger screening effort, using a hamster-based ex vivo assay, anthelmintic activity toward Ancylostoma ceylanicum was observed in the crude extract of aerial parts of Dalea ornata. These studies have led to the isolation and characterization of phenolic metabolites 1-10. The structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and the absolute configuration of 1 was assigned using electronic circular dichroism data. The new compound, (2S)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-6,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone (1), was weakly active at 7.3 μM, with 17% reduction in survival of the hookworms after 5 days. The rotenoids deguelin (9) and tephrosin (10), predictably perhaps, were the most active, with complete worm mortality observed by day 4 (or earlier) at 6.3 and 6.0 μM, respectively. The effects of 1-10 on hookworm motility and on toxicity to hamster splenocytes were also explored as important measures of treatment potential.
    MeSH term(s) Albendazole/chemistry ; Albendazole/pharmacology ; Ancylostoma/chemistry ; Ancylostomatoidea/chemistry ; Ancylostomiasis/drug therapy ; Animals ; Anthelmintics/chemistry ; Anthelmintics/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Resistance/drug effects ; Fabaceae/chemistry ; Humans ; Mebendazole/chemistry ; Mebendazole/pharmacology ; Molecular Structure ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; Phenols/chemistry ; Phenols/isolation & purification ; Phenols/pharmacology ; Plant Components, Aerial/chemistry ; Rosaceae/chemistry ; Saxifragaceae/chemistry ; Spleen/cytology ; Spleen/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Anthelmintics ; Phenols ; Mebendazole (81G6I5V05I) ; Albendazole (F4216019LN)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 304325-3
    ISSN 1520-6025 ; 0163-3864
    ISSN (online) 1520-6025
    ISSN 0163-3864
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00444
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Disease properties, geography, and mitigation strategies in a simulation spread of rinderpest across the United States

    Manore, Carrie / McMahon, Benjamin / Fair, Jeanne / Hyman, James M / Brown, Mac / LaBute, Montiago

    Veterinary research. 2011 Dec., v. 42, no. 1

    2011  

    Abstract: For the past decade, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has been working toward eradicating rinderpest through vaccination and intense surveillance by 2012. Because of the potential severity of a rinderpest epidemic, it is ... ...

    Abstract For the past decade, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has been working toward eradicating rinderpest through vaccination and intense surveillance by 2012. Because of the potential severity of a rinderpest epidemic, it is prudent to prepare for an unexpected outbreak in animal populations. There is no immunity to the disease among the livestock or wildlife in the United States (US). If rinderpest were to emerge in the US, the loss in livestock could be devastating. We predict the potential spread of rinderpest using a two-stage model for the spread of a multi-host infectious disease among agricultural animals in the US. The model incorporates large-scale interactions among US counties and the small-scale dynamics of disease spread within a county. The model epidemic was seeded in 16 locations and there was a strong dependence of the overall epidemic size on the starting location. The epidemics were classified according to overall size into small epidemics of 100 to 300 animals (failed epidemics), epidemics infecting 3 000 to 30 000 animals (medium epidemics), and the large epidemics infecting around one million beef cattle. The size of the rinderpest epidemics were directly related to the origin of the disease and whether or not the disease moved into certain key counties in high-livestock-density areas of the US. The epidemic size also depended upon response time and effectiveness of movement controls.
    Keywords Food and Agriculture Organization ; beef cattle ; disease outbreaks ; geography ; immunity ; models ; monitoring ; rinderpest ; vaccination ; wildlife ; United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-12
    Size p. 55.
    Publishing place Springer-Verlag
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1146298-x
    ISSN 1297-9716 ; 0928-4249
    ISSN (online) 1297-9716
    ISSN 0928-4249
    DOI 10.1186/1297-9716-42-55
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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