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  1. Article ; Online: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

    Antonia Carroll / Bruce Brew

    F1000Research, Vol

    recent advances in pathogenesis, biomarkers, and treatment [version 1; referees: 4 approved]

    2017  Volume 6

    Abstract: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent despite plasma viral suppression by antiretroviral agents. In fact, the prevalence of milder subtypes of cognitive impairment is increasing. Neuropsychologic testing remains the “gold ... ...

    Abstract HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent despite plasma viral suppression by antiretroviral agents. In fact, the prevalence of milder subtypes of cognitive impairment is increasing. Neuropsychologic testing remains the “gold standard” of diagnosis; however, this is time consuming and costly in a resource-poor environment. Recently developed screening tools, such as CogState and the revised HIV dementia scale, have very good sensitivity and specificity in the more severe stages of HAND. However, questions remain regarding the utility of, optimal population for, and insensitivity of tests in mild HAND. Recognition of ongoing viral persistence and the inflammatory milieu in the central nervous system (CNS) has advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of HAND and facilitated the development of biomarkers of CNS disease. The importance of the monocyte-macrophage lineage cell and the astrocyte as viral reservoirs, HIV viral proteins, self-perpetuating CNS inflammation, and CCR5 chemokine receptor neurotropism has been identified. Whilst biomarkers demonstrate monocyte activation, inflammation, and neuronal injury, they remain limited in their clinical utility. The improved understanding of pathogenic mechanisms has led to novel approaches to the treatment of HAND; however, despite these advances, the optimal management is still undefined.
    Keywords HIV Infection & AIDS: Basic Science ; HIV Infection & AIDS: Clinical ; Immunity to Infections ; Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System ; Innate Immunity ; Leukocyte Signaling & Gene Expression ; Medical Microbiology ; Neurobiology of Disease & Regeneration ; Neuropharmacology & Psychopharmacology ; Virology ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  2. Article ; Online: Prognostic indicators and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients with neurological disease

    Bhagteshwar Singh / Suzannah Lant / Sofia Cividini / Jonathan W. S. Cattrall / Lynsey C. Goodwin / Laura Benjamin / Benedict D. Michael / Ayaz Khawaja / Aline de Moura Brasil Matos / Walid Alkeridy / Andrea Pilotto / Durjoy Lahiri / Rebecca Rawlinson / Sithembinkosi Mhlanga / Evelyn C. Lopez / Brendan F. Sargent / Anushri Somasundaran / Arina Tamborska / Glynn Webb /
    Komal Younas / Yaqub Al Sami / Heavenna Babu / Tristan Banks / Francesco Cavallieri / Matthew Cohen / Emma Davies / Shalley Dhar / Anna Fajardo Modol / Hamzah Farooq / Jeffrey Harte / Samuel Hey / Albert Joseph / Dileep Karthikappallil / Daniel Kassahun / Gareth Lipunga / Rachel Mason / Thomas Minton / Gabrielle Mond / Joseph Poxon / Sophie Rabas / Germander Soothill / Marialuisa Zedde / Konstantin Yenkoyan / Bruce Brew / Erika Contini / Lucette Cysique / Xin Zhang / Pietro Maggi / Vincent van Pesch / Jérome Lechien

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss

    An individual patient data meta-analysis

    2022  Volume 6

    Abstract: Background Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 ... ...

    Abstract Background Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 patients; characterise clinical outcomes; and investigate factors associated with a poor outcome. Methods We conducted an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of hospitalised patients with neurological COVID-19 disease, using standard case definitions. We invited authors of studies from the first pandemic wave, plus clinicians in the Global COVID-Neuro Network with unpublished data, to contribute. We analysed features associated with poor outcome (moderate to severe disability or death, 3 to 6 on the modified Rankin Scale) using multivariable models. Results We included 83 studies (31 unpublished) providing IPD for 1979 patients with COVID-19 and acute new-onset neurological disease. Encephalopathy (978 [49%] patients) and cerebrovascular events (506 [26%]) were the most common diagnoses. Respiratory and systemic symptoms preceded neurological features in 93% of patients; one third developed neurological disease after hospital admission. A poor outcome was more common in patients with cerebrovascular events (76% [95% CI 67–82]), than encephalopathy (54% [42–65]). Intensive care use was high (38% [35–41]) overall, and also greater in the cerebrovascular patients. In the cerebrovascular, but not encephalopathic patients, risk factors for poor outcome included breathlessness on admission and elevated D-dimer. Overall, 30-day mortality was 30% [27–32]. The hazard of death was comparatively lower for patients in the WHO European region. Interpretation Neurological COVID-19 disease poses a considerable burden in terms of disease outcomes and use of hospital resources from prolonged intensive care and inpatient admission; preliminary data suggest these may differ according to WHO regions and country income levels. The different risk factors for encephalopathy and ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  3. Article ; Online: Prognostic indicators and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients with neurological disease

    Bhagteshwar Singh / Suzannah Lant / Sofia Cividini / Jonathan W S Cattrall / Lynsey C Goodwin / Laura Benjamin / Benedict D Michael / Ayaz Khawaja / Aline de Moura Brasil Matos / Walid Alkeridy / Andrea Pilotto / Durjoy Lahiri / Rebecca Rawlinson / Sithembinkosi Mhlanga / Evelyn C Lopez / Brendan F Sargent / Anushri Somasundaran / Arina Tamborska / Glynn Webb /
    Komal Younas / Yaqub Al Sami / Heavenna Babu / Tristan Banks / Francesco Cavallieri / Matthew Cohen / Emma Davies / Shalley Dhar / Anna Fajardo Modol / Hamzah Farooq / Jeffrey Harte / Samuel Hey / Albert Joseph / Dileep Karthikappallil / Daniel Kassahun / Gareth Lipunga / Rachel Mason / Thomas Minton / Gabrielle Mond / Joseph Poxon / Sophie Rabas / Germander Soothill / Marialuisa Zedde / Konstantin Yenkoyan / Bruce Brew / Erika Contini / Lucette Cysique / Xin Zhang / Pietro Maggi / Vincent van Pesch / Jérome Lechien / Sven Saussez / Alex Heyse / Maria Lúcia Brito Ferreira / Cristiane N Soares / Isabel Elicer / Laura Eugenín-von Bernhardi / Waleng Ñancupil Reyes / Rong Yin / Mohammed A Azab / Foad Abd-Allah / Ahmed Elkady / Simon Escalard / Jean-Christophe Corvol / Cécile Delorme / Pierre Tattevin / Kévin Bigaut / Norbert Lorenz / Daniel Hornuss / Jonas Hosp / Siegbert Rieg / Dirk Wagner / Benjamin Knier / Paul Lingor / Andrea Sylvia Winkler / Athena Sharifi-Razavi / Shima T Moein / SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi / Saeidreza JamaliMoghadamSiahkali / Mauro Morassi / Alessandro Padovani / Marcello Giunta / Ilenia Libri / Simone Beretta / Sabrina Ravaglia / Matteo Foschi / Paolo Calabresi / Guido Primiano / Serenella Servidei / Nicola Biagio Mercuri / Claudio Liguori / Mariangela Pierantozzi / Loredana Sarmati / Federica Boso / Silvia Garazzino / Sara Mariotto / Kimani N Patrick / Oana Costache / Alexander Pincherle / Frederikus A Klok / Roger Meza / Verónica Cabreira / Sofia R Valdoleiros / Vanessa Oliveira / Igor Kaimovsky / Alla Guekht / Jasmine Koh / Eva Fernández Díaz / José María Barrios-López / Cristina Guijarro-Castro / Álvaro Beltrán-Corbellini / Javier Martínez-Poles / Alba María Diezma-Martín / Maria Isabel Morales-Casado / Sergio García García / Gautier Breville / Matteo Coen / Marjolaine Uginet / Raphaël Bernard-Valnet / Renaud Du Pasquier / Yildiz Kaya / Loay H Abdelnour / Claire Rice / Hamish Morrison / Sylviane Defres / Saif Huda / Noelle Enright / Jane Hassell / Lucio D'Anna / Matthew Benger / Laszlo Sztriha / Eamon Raith / Krishna Chinthapalli / Ross Nortley / Ross Paterson / Arvind Chandratheva / David J Werring / Samir Dervisevic / Kirsty Harkness / Ashwin Pinto / Dinesh Jillella / Scott Beach / Kulothungan Gunasekaran / Ivan Rocha Ferreira Da Silva / Krishna Nalleballe / Jonathan Santoro / Tyler Scullen / Lora Kahn / Carla Y Kim / Kiran T Thakur / Rajan Jain / Thirugnanam Umapathi / Timothy R Nicholson / James J Sejvar / Eva Maria Hodel / Catrin Tudur Smith / Tom Solomon

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 6, p e

    An individual patient data meta-analysis.

    2022  Volume 0263595

    Abstract: Background Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 ... ...

    Abstract Background Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 patients; characterise clinical outcomes; and investigate factors associated with a poor outcome. Methods We conducted an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of hospitalised patients with neurological COVID-19 disease, using standard case definitions. We invited authors of studies from the first pandemic wave, plus clinicians in the Global COVID-Neuro Network with unpublished data, to contribute. We analysed features associated with poor outcome (moderate to severe disability or death, 3 to 6 on the modified Rankin Scale) using multivariable models. Results We included 83 studies (31 unpublished) providing IPD for 1979 patients with COVID-19 and acute new-onset neurological disease. Encephalopathy (978 [49%] patients) and cerebrovascular events (506 [26%]) were the most common diagnoses. Respiratory and systemic symptoms preceded neurological features in 93% of patients; one third developed neurological disease after hospital admission. A poor outcome was more common in patients with cerebrovascular events (76% [95% CI 67-82]), than encephalopathy (54% [42-65]). Intensive care use was high (38% [35-41]) overall, and also greater in the cerebrovascular patients. In the cerebrovascular, but not encephalopathic patients, risk factors for poor outcome included breathlessness on admission and elevated D-dimer. Overall, 30-day mortality was 30% [27-32]. The hazard of death was comparatively lower for patients in the WHO European region. Interpretation Neurological COVID-19 disease poses a considerable burden in terms of disease outcomes and use of hospital resources from prolonged intensive care and inpatient admission; preliminary data suggest these may differ according to WHO regions and country income levels. The different risk factors for encephalopathy and ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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