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  1. Article: Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.

    Bruno, Francesco / Malvaso, Antonio / Canterini, Sonia / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia

    Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 6

    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most frequent type of dementia in elderly people. There are two major forms of the disease: sporadic (SAD)-whose causes are not completely understood-and familial (FAD)-with clear autosomal dominant inheritance. ... ...

    Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most frequent type of dementia in elderly people. There are two major forms of the disease: sporadic (SAD)-whose causes are not completely understood-and familial (FAD)-with clear autosomal dominant inheritance. The two main hallmarks of AD are extracellular deposits of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated form of the tau protein (P-tau). An ever-growing body of research supports the infectious hypothesis of sporadic forms of AD. Indeed, it has been documented that some pathogens, such as herpesviruses and certain bacterial species, are commonly present in AD patients, prompting recent clinical research to focus on the characterization of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in this pathology. The literature also demonstrates that Aβ can be considered itself as an AMP; thus, representing a type of innate immune defense peptide that protects the host against a variety of pathogens. Beyond Aβ, other proteins with antimicrobial activity, such as lactoferrin, defensins, cystatins, thymosin β4, LL37, histatin 1, and statherin have been shown to be involved in AD. Here, we summarized and discussed these findings and explored the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of AMPs in AD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2681345-2
    ISSN 2079-6382
    ISSN 2079-6382
    DOI 10.3390/antibiotics11060726
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Rare Amyloid Precursor Protein Point Mutations Recapitulate Worldwide Migration and Admixture in Healthy Individuals: Implications for the Study of Neurodegeneration.

    Abondio, Paolo / Bruno, Francesco / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia / Luiselli, Donata

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 24

    Abstract: Genetic discoveries related to Alzheimer's disease and other dementias have been performed using either large cohorts of affected subjects or multiple individuals from the same pedigree, therefore disregarding mutations in the context of healthy groups. ... ...

    Abstract Genetic discoveries related to Alzheimer's disease and other dementias have been performed using either large cohorts of affected subjects or multiple individuals from the same pedigree, therefore disregarding mutations in the context of healthy groups. Moreover, a large portion of studies so far have been performed on individuals of European ancestry, with a remarkable lack of epidemiological and genomic data from underrepresented populations. In the present study, 70 single-point mutations on the
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms232415871
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Evolution of genetic testing supports precision medicine for caring Alzheimer's disease patients.

    Bruni, Amalia Cecilia / Bernardi, Livia / Maletta, Raffaele

    Current opinion in pharmacology

    2021  Volume 60, Page(s) 275–280

    Abstract: Genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease offers a molecular diagnosis to patients and their relatives and provides information on personal risk, reproductive choices, clinical trial eligibility, and treatment options. In the past, molecular testing was ... ...

    Abstract Genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease offers a molecular diagnosis to patients and their relatives and provides information on personal risk, reproductive choices, clinical trial eligibility, and treatment options. In the past, molecular testing was limited to detecting single variations in single genes. Currently, with the advent of next-generation sequencing, simultaneous analysis of more than 100 genes using the same DNA sample is possible. This approach allows the determination of gene mutations, genetic risk factors, genotypes at many pharmacogenomic loci, and the determination of a polygenic risk scores for stratification of risk. This article reviews the diagnostic genetic testing of Alzheimer's disease, from the first molecular approaches to recent advances in NGS, focusing on a precision medicine approach.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Genetic Testing ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Pharmacogenetics ; Precision Medicine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2037057-X
    ISSN 1471-4973 ; 1471-4892
    ISSN (online) 1471-4973
    ISSN 1471-4892
    DOI 10.1016/j.coph.2021.08.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: The Shortening of Leukocyte Telomere Length Contributes to Alzheimer's Disease: Further Evidence from Late-Onset Familial and Sporadic Cases.

    Crocco, Paolina / De Rango, Francesco / Dato, Serena / La Grotta, Rossella / Maletta, Raffaele / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia / Passarino, Giuseppe / Rose, Giuseppina

    Biology

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 10

    Abstract: Telomeres are structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that help maintain genomic stability. During aging, telomere length gradually shortens, producing short telomeres, which are markers of premature cellular senescence. This may contribute to ... ...

    Abstract Telomeres are structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that help maintain genomic stability. During aging, telomere length gradually shortens, producing short telomeres, which are markers of premature cellular senescence. This may contribute to age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and based on this, several studies have hypothesized that telomere shortening may characterize AD. Current research, however, has been inconclusive regarding the direction of the association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and disease risk. We assessed the association between LTL and AD in a retrospective case-control study of a sample of 255 unrelated patients with late-onset AD (LOAD), including 120 sporadic cases and 135 with positive family history for LOAD, and a group of 279 cognitively healthy unrelated controls, who were all from Calabria, a southern Italian region. Following regression analysis, telomeres were found significantly shorter in LOAD cases than in controls (48% and 41% decrease for sporadic and familial cases, respectively;
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology12101286
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Are we…social enough? Use of social media among members of the Italian Society of Neurology for the study of dementia.

    Meli, Claudia / Cerami, Chiara / Arighi, Andrea / Mitolo, Micaela / Serra, Laura / Bozzali, Marco / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia / Marra, Camillo / Lavorgna, Luigi / Dodich, Alessandra

    Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Clinical researchers increasingly embrace social media in their professional lives. The digital revolution has provided new routes for sharing data, disseminating results, and promoting the impact of scientific findings. In this study, we ... ...

    Abstract Background: Clinical researchers increasingly embrace social media in their professional lives. The digital revolution has provided new routes for sharing data, disseminating results, and promoting the impact of scientific findings. In this study, we explored the attitude of the members of the Italian Society of Neurology for the study of dementia (SINdem) to use social media with the aim to set up possible corrective actions to maximize digitalization benefits at the individual and community levels.
    Method: An ad hoc designed survey was implemented and distributed to the SINdem and SINdem4Juniors communities. It explored the different use of social media taking into account frequency, type of social media use (active vs passive; professional vs private). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed alongside statistical comparisons to highlight possible differences in the use.
    Results: We collected 133 answers showing a prominent use of social media in private life (t(132) = 21.1, p < 0.001), with SINdem4Juniors members showing a higher private use compared to the older SINdem colleagues. Professional use was mainly limited to passive activities such as following others' social profiles (t(132) = 11.9, p < 0.001).
    Discussion: Overall scenario suggests that professional use of social media is very limited in both SINdem and SINdem4juniors communities. This evidence points to an urgent need for training interventions and top-down strategies aimed at improving collaboration, dissemination, and sharing through social media among individuals belonging to the same scientific-professional community.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-02
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2016546-8
    ISSN 1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
    ISSN (online) 1590-3478
    ISSN 1590-1874
    DOI 10.1007/s10072-024-07550-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: COVID-19 vaccine uptake among family caregivers of people with dementia: The role of attitudes toward vaccination, perceived social support and personality traits.

    Bruno, Francesco / Malvaso, Antonio / Chiesi, Francesca / Laganà, Valentina / Servidio, Rocco / Isella, Valeria / Ferrarese, Carlo / Gottardi, Federica / Stella, Eloisa / Agosta, Federica / Filippi, Massimo / Lorenzo, Raffaele Di / Martin, Leslie R / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia / Maletta, Raffaele

    Frontiers in psychology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 923316

    Abstract: People with dementia have an increased risk of contracting severe forms of COVID-19. Although in worldwide vaccination programs priority has been given to older people, having taken the vaccine does not totally eliminate the risk of contracting COVID-19 ... ...

    Abstract People with dementia have an increased risk of contracting severe forms of COVID-19. Although in worldwide vaccination programs priority has been given to older people, having taken the vaccine does not totally eliminate the risk of contracting COVID-19 when one is in close contact with unvaccinated people. Thus, family caregivers' choices to remain unvaccinated against COVID-19 could have potentially lethal consequences for their relatives. To our knowledge, this study represents the first attempt within the international literature to analyze COVID-19 vaccine uptake among family caregivers of people with dementia and to identify some of the psychological factors, related to COVID-19 and vaccination behavior, that could facilitate or hinder vaccine uptake. Contact information for family caregivers was obtained from five different centers and associations throughout the Italian territory. Data were collected from 179 respondents during July-September 2021 using a cross-sectional web-based survey design. More than 75% of the respondents indicated that had been vaccinated against COVID-19 and reported receiving vaccine information mainly from print or electronic newspapers (86%), followed by TV (81%) and families (64.2%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, worries about unforeseen future effects was significantly related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake, indicating that family caregivers concerned about potential side effects of vaccines were less likely to have been vaccinated against COVID-19 (OR = 0.60, CI = 0.40-0.89). Openness to experience was also related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake, with family caregivers higher on this trait being less likely to have been vaccinated against COVID-19 (OR = 0.83, CI = 0.71-0.98). Implications for targeting of vaccine-related messages are discussed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.923316
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: A Novel Mutation (D395A) in Valosin-Containing Protein Gene Is Associated With Early Onset Frontotemporal Dementia in an Italian Family.

    Bruno, Francesco / Conidi, Maria Elena / Puccio, Gianfranco / Frangipane, Francesca / Laganà, Valentina / Bernardi, Livia / Smirne, Nicoletta / Mirabelli, Maria / Colao, Rosanna / Curcio, Sabrina / Di Lorenzo, Raffaele / Maletta, Raffaele / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia

    Frontiers in genetics

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 795029

    Abstract: Inclusion body myopathy (IBM) with Paget's disease of bone (PDB) and/or frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (IBMPFD) was recently identified as rare autosomal dominant disorder due to mutations ... ...

    Abstract Inclusion body myopathy (IBM) with Paget's disease of bone (PDB) and/or frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (IBMPFD) was recently identified as rare autosomal dominant disorder due to mutations in
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606823-0
    ISSN 1664-8021
    ISSN 1664-8021
    DOI 10.3389/fgene.2021.795029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Neuropsychiatric or Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD): Focus on Prevalence and Natural History in Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia.

    Laganà, Valentina / Bruno, Francesco / Altomari, Natalia / Bruni, Giulia / Smirne, Nicoletta / Curcio, Sabrina / Mirabelli, Maria / Colao, Rosanna / Puccio, Gianfranco / Frangipane, Francesca / Cupidi, Chiara / Torchia, Giusy / Muraca, Gabriella / Malvaso, Antonio / Addesi, Desirèe / Montesanto, Alberto / Di Lorenzo, Raffaele / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia / Maletta, Raffaele

    Frontiers in neurology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 832199

    Abstract: Neuropsychiatric or behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) represent a heterogeneous group of non-cognitive symptoms that are virtually present in all patients during the course of their disease. The aim of this study is to examine the ... ...

    Abstract Neuropsychiatric or behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) represent a heterogeneous group of non-cognitive symptoms that are virtually present in all patients during the course of their disease. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and natural history of BPSD in a large cohort of patients with behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in three stages: (i) pre-T0 (before the onset of the disease); (ii) T0 or manifested disease (from the onset to 5 years); (iii) T1 or advanced (from 5 years onwards). Six hundred seventy-four clinical records of patients with bvFTD and 1925 with AD, from 2006 to 2018, were studied. Symptoms have been extracted from Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and from a checklist of BPSD for all periods observed. In our population, BPSD affect up to 90% of all dementia subjects over the course of their illness. BPSD profiles of the two dementia groups were similar but not identical. The most represented symptoms were apathy, irritability/affective lability, and agitation/aggression. Considering the order of appearance of neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD and bvFTD, mood disorders (depression, anxiety) come first than the other BPSD, with the same prevalence. This means that they could be an important "red flag" in detection of dementia. With the increase of disease severity, aberrant motor behavior and wandering were significantly more present in both groups. Differences between BPSD in AD and bvFTD resulted only in prevalence: Systematically, in bvFTD, all the symptoms were more represented than in AD, except for hallucinations, depression, anxiety, and irritability. Given their high frequency and impact on management and overall health care resources, BPSD should not be underestimated and considered as an additional important diagnostic and therapeutic target both in patients with AD and bvFTD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2022.832199
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  9. Article ; Online: A Comparison of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) and BPSD Sub-Syndromes in Early-Onset and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease.

    Altomari, Natalia / Bruno, Francesco / Laganà, Valentina / Smirne, Nicoletta / Colao, Rosanna / Curcio, Sabrina / Di Lorenzo, Raffaele / Frangipane, Francesca / Maletta, Raffaele / Puccio, Gianfranco / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia

    Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

    2021  Volume 85, Issue 2, Page(s) 691–699

    Abstract: Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have a large impact on the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Few studies have compared BPSD between early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset (LOAD) patients, finding ... ...

    Abstract Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have a large impact on the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Few studies have compared BPSD between early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset (LOAD) patients, finding conflicting results.
    Objective: The aims of this study were to: 1) characterize the presence, overall prevalence, and time of occurrence of BPSD in EOAD versus LOAD; 2) estimate the prevalence over time and severity of each BPSD in EOAD versus LOAD in three stages: pre-T0 (before the onset of the disease), T0 (from onset to 5 years), and T1 (from 5 years onwards); 3) track the manifestation of BPSD sub-syndromes (i.e., hyperactivity, psychosis, affective, and apathy) in EOAD versus LOAD at T0 and T1.
    Methods: The sample includes 1,538 LOAD and 387 EOAD diagnosed from 1996 to 2018. Comprehensive assessment batteries, including the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), were administered at the first medical assessment and at different follow-up period.
    Results: The overall prevalence for the most of BPSD was significantly higher in EOAD compared to LOAD whereas most BPSD appeared significantly later in EOAD patients. Between the two groups, from pre-T0 to T1 we recorded a different pattern of BPSD prevalence over time as well as for BPSD sub-syndromes at T0 and T1. Results on severity of BPSD did not show significant differences.
    Conclusion: EOAD and LOAD represent two different forms of a single entity not only from a neuropathological, cognitive, and functional level but also from a psychiatric point of view.
    MeSH term(s) Affective Symptoms/psychology ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease/psychology ; Apathy ; Behavioral Symptoms/psychology ; Dementia/complications ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Italy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychomotor Agitation/psychology ; Psychotic Disorders/psychology ; Severity of Illness Index
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1440127-7
    ISSN 1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
    ISSN (online) 1875-8908
    ISSN 1387-2877
    DOI 10.3233/JAD-215061
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Clinical guidance for the use of trazodone in major depressive disorder and concomitant conditions: pharmacology and clinical practice.

    Cuomo, Alessandro / Ballerini, Andrea / Bruni, Amalia Cecilia / Decina, Paolo / Di Sciascio, Guido / Fiorentini, Alessio / Scaglione, Francesco / Vampini, Claudio / Fagiolini, Andrea

    Rivista di psichiatria

    2019  Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 137–149

    Abstract: Aim: To provide a review of the clinically relevant evidence pertaining to the use of trazodone in major depressive disorder.: Methods: Medline and Cochrane Library searches were searched using the keywords 'trazodone' AND 'depression', to identify ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To provide a review of the clinically relevant evidence pertaining to the use of trazodone in major depressive disorder.
    Methods: Medline and Cochrane Library searches were searched using the keywords 'trazodone' AND 'depression', to identify the most relevant literature pertinent to the pharmacological properties of trazodone and its use in clinical practice. Articles that were selected included basic pharmacology papers, clinical trials, clinical practice guidelines, and reviews. Related references were cross checked. European and United States prescribing information was reviewed as well. An effort was made to give weight to the information that was most relevant for daily clinical practice.
    Results: Trazodone is an antidepressant with a mechanism of action that remains innovative and with a favorable profile for the treatment of depression. The appropriate antidepressant doses are usually 150-300 mg/day and are often higher than the doses that are used when trazodone is prescribed to augment the antidepressant effect of another medication, for instance when trazodone is prescribed to address insomnia in a patient treated with an SSRI. Trazodone is usually well tolerated and has a low risk of anticholinergic side effects, weight gain and sexual side effects.
    Discussion: Trazodone is an established medication that is efficacious for the treatment of a broad array of depressive symptoms, including symptoms that are less likely to respond to other antidepressants (e.g. SSRI), such as insomnia. As an antidepressant, trazodone has proven as efficacious as the tricyclic and second-generation antidepressants and is tolerated relatively well. Trazodone may be helpful for patients with major depression and comorbid insomnia, anxiety or psychomotor agitation.
    Conclusions: Trazodone is efficacious antidepressants with a relatively low risks of side effects such as weight gain, sexual or anticholinergic effects (such as constipation, urinary retention, dry mouth). In addition to being able to control a wide range of depressive symptoms, trazodone may improve sleep and be particularly helpful for patients whose symptoms of depression include insomnia.
    MeSH term(s) Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects ; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/metabolism ; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/therapeutic use ; Anxiety/drug therapy ; Bulimia/drug therapy ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Drug Interactions ; Fibromyalgia/drug therapy ; Humans ; Neurocognitive Disorders/drug therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/drug therapy ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/drug therapy ; Substance-Related Disorders/drug therapy ; Trazodone/adverse effects ; Trazodone/metabolism ; Trazodone/pharmacology ; Trazodone/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Trazodone (YBK48BXK30)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-04
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 205570-3
    ISSN 2038-2502 ; 0035-6484
    ISSN (online) 2038-2502
    ISSN 0035-6484
    DOI 10.1708/3202.31796
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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