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Article: Exploring the Importance of Environmental Complexity for Newly Hatched Zebrafish.

Santacà, Maria / Gatto, Elia / Dadda, Marco / Bruzzone, Matteo / Dal Maschio, Marco / Bisazza, Angelo

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2024 Volume 14, Issue 7

Abstract: The effects of an early impoverished social or physical environment on vertebrate neural development and cognition has been known for decades. While existing studies have focused on the long-term effects, measuring adult cognitive phenotypes, studies on ... ...

Abstract	The effects of an early impoverished social or physical environment on vertebrate neural development and cognition has been known for decades. While existing studies have focused on the long-term effects, measuring adult cognitive phenotypes, studies on the effects of environmental complexity on the early stages of development are lacking. Zebrafish (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani14071031
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: How to manage a native stiff knee.

Pirato, Francesco / Rosso, Federica / Dettoni, Federico / Bonasia, Davide Edoardo / Bruzzone, Matteo / Rossi, Roberto

EFORT open reviews

2024 Volume 9, Issue 5, Page(s) 363–374

Abstract: Knee stiffness is a widely known and worrying condition in several postoperative knees. Less is known about native stiff knee. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the available literature on native stiff knee epidemiology, classification and ... ...

Abstract	Knee stiffness is a widely known and worrying condition in several postoperative knees. Less is known about native stiff knee. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the available literature on native stiff knee epidemiology, classification and treatment. In 1989 stiff knee was defined as a knee with less than 50° of total range of motion. If range of motion is <30°, it is defined as an ankylosed knee. Knee stiffness can be divided into three main types: flexion contractures, extension contractures, and combined contractures. Different risk factors have been associated to native stiff knee and grouped into modifiable or not modifiable. Furthermore, risk factors can be divided into patients' related no patients'-related. Different treatment modalities can be indicated to treat knee stiffness, including manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), arthroscopic and open surgical release. When stiffness is associated with articular disruption TKA represent an option. TKA in native stiff knee can be challenging for the surgeon. Implant's choice and knee exposure are the first steps. In some cases, additional release and extensive can be considered. A stepwise approach and careful preoperative planning are mandatory to obtain long-term satisfactory outcomes. Native stiff knee is a rare but invalidating condition. Different treatment modalities have been proposed as treatment. However, considering that it is frequently associated to sever arthritis, TKA can be an option in painful stiff knees. Nature of knee stiffness necessitates a customized approach to ensure successful management and achieve satisfying outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2844421-8
ISSN	2058-5241 ; 2058-5241 ; 2396-7544
ISSN (online)	2058-5241
ISSN	2058-5241 ; 2396-7544
DOI	10.1530/EOR-24-0034
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Article: Innate visual discrimination abilities of zebrafish larvae

Gatto, Elia / Bruzzone, Matteo / Lucon-Xiccato, Tyrone

Behavioural processes. 2021 Dec., v. 193

2021

Abstract: The ability to discriminate between objects visually plays a key role in animals’ interactions with their environment because it enables them to recognise companions, prey, and predators. In the zebrafish, Danio rerio, hatching occurs early on during ... ...

Abstract	The ability to discriminate between objects visually plays a key role in animals’ interactions with their environment because it enables them to recognise companions, prey, and predators. In the zebrafish, Danio rerio, hatching occurs early on during development (48–72 h post fertilisation), and the larvae must forage and evade predators despite their immature sensory and cognitive systems. Using a preference paradigm, we investigated whether larval zebrafish are nonetheless capable of discriminating between visual stimuli. We found that larvae discriminated not only between figures with different colours or different shapes, but also between two identical figures with different orientations and between sets of figures with different numerosities. By manipulating larvae’s exposure to objects before the test, we demonstrated that their discrimination abilities are innate and do not depend upon experience. This study highlighted that zebrafish possess relatively sophisticated visual discrimination abilities even at the larval stage. These abilities likely improve larval survival via the recognition of biologically relevant stimuli.
Keywords	Danio rerio ; cognition
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	196999-7
ISSN	1872-8308 ; 0376-6357
ISSN (online)	1872-8308
ISSN	0376-6357
DOI	10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104534
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Optogenetic Methods to Investigate Brain Alterations in Preclinical Models.

Brondi, Marco / Bruzzone, Matteo / Lodovichi, Claudia / Dal Maschio, Marco

Cells

2022 Volume 11, Issue 11

Abstract: Investigating the neuronal dynamics supporting brain functions and understanding how the alterations in these mechanisms result in pathological conditions represents a fundamental challenge. Preclinical research on model organisms allows for a multiscale ...

Abstract	Investigating the neuronal dynamics supporting brain functions and understanding how the alterations in these mechanisms result in pathological conditions represents a fundamental challenge. Preclinical research on model organisms allows for a multiscale and multiparametric analysis in vivo of the neuronal mechanisms and holds the potential for better linking the symptoms of a neurological disorder to the underlying cellular and circuit alterations, eventually leading to the identification of therapeutic/rescue strategies. In recent years, brain research in model organisms has taken advantage, along with other techniques, of the development and continuous refinement of methods that use light and optical approaches to reconstruct the activity of brain circuits at the cellular and system levels, and to probe the impact of the different neuronal components in the observed dynamics. These tools, combining low-invasiveness of optical approaches with the power of genetic engineering, are currently revolutionizing the way, the scale and the perspective of investigating brain diseases. The aim of this review is to describe how brain functions can be investigated with optical approaches currently available and to illustrate how these techniques have been adopted to study pathological alterations of brain physiology.
MeSH term(s)	Brain/pathology ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases/genetics ; Neurons/pathology ; Optogenetics/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells11111848
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Article ; Online: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II zebrafish model exhibits early impaired proteasomal-mediated degradation of the axon guidance receptor Dcc.

Manzoli, Rosa / Badenetti, Lorenzo / Bruzzone, Matteo / Macario, Maria Carla / Rubin, Michela / Dal Maschio, Marco / Roveri, Antonella / Moro, Enrico

Cell death & disease

2024 Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) 269

Abstract: Most of the patients affected by neuronopathic forms of Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II), a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by defects in iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) activity, exhibit early neurological defects associated with white matter ... ...

Abstract	Most of the patients affected by neuronopathic forms of Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II), a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by defects in iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) activity, exhibit early neurological defects associated with white matter lesions and progressive behavioural abnormalities. While neuronal degeneration has been largely described in experimental models and human patients, more subtle neuronal pathogenic defects remain still underexplored. In this work, we discovered that the axon guidance receptor Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (Dcc) is significantly dysregulated in the brain of ids mutant zebrafish since embryonic stages. In addition, thanks to the establishment of neuronal-enriched primary cell cultures, we identified defective proteasomal degradation as one of the main pathways underlying Dcc upregulation in ids mutant conditions. Furthermore, ids mutant fish-derived primary neurons displayed higher levels of polyubiquitinated proteins and P62, suggesting a wider defect in protein degradation. Finally, we show that ids mutant larvae display an atypical response to anxiety-inducing stimuli, hence mimicking one of the characteristic features of MPS II patients. Our study provides an additional relevant frame to MPS II pathogenesis, supporting the concept that multiple developmental defects concur with early childhood behavioural abnormalities.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Axon Guidance ; Brain/metabolism ; Iduronate Sulfatase/metabolism ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II/metabolism ; Nervous System Diseases/pathology ; Zebrafish/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Iduronate Sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.13) ; dcc protein, zebrafish
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2541626-1
ISSN	2041-4889 ; 2041-4889
ISSN (online)	2041-4889
ISSN	2041-4889
DOI	10.1038/s41419-024-06661-2
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Article ; Online: Innate visual discrimination abilities of zebrafish larvae.

Gatto, Elia / Bruzzone, Matteo / Lucon-Xiccato, Tyrone

Behavioural processes

2021 Volume 193, Page(s) 104534

Abstract: The ability to discriminate between objects visually plays a key role in animals' interactions with their environment because it enables them to recognise companions, prey, and predators. In the zebrafish, Danio rerio, hatching occurs early on during ... ...

Abstract	The ability to discriminate between objects visually plays a key role in animals' interactions with their environment because it enables them to recognise companions, prey, and predators. In the zebrafish, Danio rerio, hatching occurs early on during development (48-72 h post fertilisation), and the larvae must forage and evade predators despite their immature sensory and cognitive systems. Using a preference paradigm, we investigated whether larval zebrafish are nonetheless capable of discriminating between visual stimuli. We found that larvae discriminated not only between figures with different colours or different shapes, but also between two identical figures with different orientations and between sets of figures with different numerosities. By manipulating larvae's exposure to objects before the test, we demonstrated that their discrimination abilities are innate and do not depend upon experience. This study highlighted that zebrafish possess relatively sophisticated visual discrimination abilities even at the larval stage. These abilities likely improve larval survival via the recognition of biologically relevant stimuli.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Discrimination, Psychological ; Larva ; Recognition, Psychology ; Visual Perception ; Zebrafish
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-30
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	196999-7
ISSN	1872-8308 ; 0376-6357
ISSN (online)	1872-8308
ISSN	0376-6357
DOI	10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104534
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Article: Effects of environmental enrichment on recognition memory in zebrafish larvae

Gatto, Elia / Bruzzone, Matteo / Maschio, Marco Dal / Dadda, Marco

Applied animal behaviour science. 2022 Feb., v. 247

2022

Abstract: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) constitute a useful model for studying memory function and impairment in vertebrates and are now widely used in translational research. On the one hand, the adoption of simple, fast and reliable tests such as novel object ... ...

Abstract	Zebrafish (Danio rerio) constitute a useful model for studying memory function and impairment in vertebrates and are now widely used in translational research. On the one hand, the adoption of simple, fast and reliable tests such as novel object recognition (NOR) has increased our knowledge considerable about memory mechanisms in animals. On the other hand, in many model organisms, exposure to environmental enrichment, especially during the early stages of development, affects various cognitive functions. Evidence for the effects of environmental enrichment on zebrafish has been accumulating rapidly, but most of this evidence has been collected in adult subjects. We compared larvae raised in either an enriched or barren environments and measured their memory performance at 14-days post-fertilization. Initially, subjects were allowed to familiarize with two identical novel objects (i.e., pattern of 2D-geometrical figures). After a time interval, larvae faced a two-choice task presenting the same objects paired with a new one. As a measure of recognition memory, we exploit the tendency of individuals to explore a novel object over a familiar one. Our results indicate that larvae from the barren environment spent more time exploring familiar stimuli than novel ones, showing the innate presence of recognition memory capacity in zebrafish larvae. Conversely, subjects bred in a visually enriched environment explore both familiar and novel stimuli almost equally. The increase of exploratory behavior and, consequently, the reduction of avoidance to the novel object may explain the performance shown by larvae exposed to an enrichment environment compared to the larvae bred in a barren environment. Taken together, these results confirm that early-stage zebrafish possess complex visual discrimination capacities and that rearing subjects in a structurally complex environment might hinder memory performance by reducing their neophobic response.
Keywords	Danio rerio ; adults ; cognition ; environmental enrichment ; memory ; models
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-02
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	591645-8
ISSN	0168-1591
ISSN	0168-1591
DOI	10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105552
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Hypothalamic Galanin-producing neurons regulate stress in zebrafish through a peptidergic, self-inhibitory loop.

Corradi, Laura / Bruzzone, Matteo / Maschio, Marco Dal / Sawamiphak, Suphansa / Filosa, Alessandro

Current biology : CB

2022 Volume 32, Issue 7, Page(s) 1497–1510.e5

Abstract: Animals possess neuronal circuits inducing stress to avoid or cope with threats present in their surroundings, for instance, by promoting behaviors, such as avoidance and escape. However, mechanisms must exist to tightly control responses to stressors, ... ...

Abstract	Animals possess neuronal circuits inducing stress to avoid or cope with threats present in their surroundings, for instance, by promoting behaviors, such as avoidance and escape. However, mechanisms must exist to tightly control responses to stressors, since overactivation of stress circuits is deleterious for the wellbeing of an organism. The underlying neuronal dynamics responsible for controlling behavioral responses to stress have remained unclear. Here, we describe a neuronal circuit in the hypothalamus of zebrafish larvae that inhibits stress-related behaviors and prevents excessive activation of the neuroendocrine pathway hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis. Central components of this circuit are neurons secreting the neuropeptide Galanin, as ablation of these neurons led to abnormally high levels of stress. Surprisingly, we found that Galanin has a self-inhibitory action on Galanin-producing neurons. Our results suggest that hypothalamic Galanin-producing neurons play an important role in fine-tuning stress responses by preventing potentially harmful overactivation of stress-regulating circuits.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Galanin/metabolism ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Neurons/physiology ; Peptide Hormones/metabolism ; Zebrafish/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Peptide Hormones ; Galanin (88813-36-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1071731-6
ISSN	1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
ISSN (online)	1879-0445
ISSN	0960-9822
DOI	10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.011
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Book ; Online: The architecture of information processing in biological systems

Nicoletti, Giorgio / Bruzzone, Matteo / Suweis, Samir / Maschio, Marco Dal / Busiello, Daniel Maria

2023

Abstract: Biological systems process information at different scales and adapt to their changing environment. Informed both by experimental observations and theoretical constraints, we propose a chemical model for sensing that incorporates energy consumption, ... ...

Abstract	Biological systems process information at different scales and adapt to their changing environment. Informed both by experimental observations and theoretical constraints, we propose a chemical model for sensing that incorporates energy consumption, information storage, and negative feedback. We show that a biochemical architecture enclosing these minimal mechanisms leads to the emergence of dynamical memory and adaptation. Crucially, adaptation is associated with both an increase in the mutual information between external and internal variables and a reduction of dissipation of the internal chemical processes. By simultaneously minimizing energy consumption and maximizing information, we find that far-from-equilibrium sensing dominates in the low-noise regime. Our results, in principle, can be declined at different biological scales. We employ our model to shed light on large-scale neural adaptation in zebrafish larvae under repeated visual stimulation. We find striking similarities between predicted and observed behaviors, capturing the emergent adaptation of neural response. Our framework draws a path toward the unraveling of the essential ingredients that connect information processing, adaptation, and memory in biological systems.
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ; Physics - Biological Physics ; Physics - Chemical Physics
Subject code	612
Publishing date	2023-01-30
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Environmental enrichment decreases anxiety-like behavior in zebrafish larvae.

Gatto, Elia / Dadda, Marco / Bruzzone, Matteo / Chiarello, Enrico / De Russi, Gaia / Maschio, Marco Dal / Bisazza, Angelo / Lucon-Xiccato, Tyrone

Developmental psychobiology

2022 Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) e22255

Abstract: The development of anxiety disorders is often linked to individuals' negative experience. In many animals, development of anxiety-like behavior is modeled by manipulating individuals' exposure to environmental enrichment. We investigated whether ... ...

Abstract	The development of anxiety disorders is often linked to individuals' negative experience. In many animals, development of anxiety-like behavior is modeled by manipulating individuals' exposure to environmental enrichment. We investigated whether environmental enrichment during early ontogenesis affects anxiety-like behavior in larval zebrafish. Larvae were exposed from hatching to either an environment enriched with 3D-objects of different color and shape or to a barren environment. Behavioral testing was conducted at different intervals during development (7, 14, and 21 days post-fertilization, dpf). In a novel object exploration test, 7 dpf larvae of the two treatments displayed similar avoidance of the visual stimulus. However, at 14 and 21 dpf, larvae of the enriched environment showed less avoidance, indicating lower anxiety response. Likewise, larvae of the two treatments demonstrated comparable avoidance of a novel odor stimulus at 7 dpf, with a progressive reduction of anxiety behavior in the enriched treatment with development. In a control experiment, larvae treated before 7 dpf but tested at 14 dpf showed the effect of enrichment on anxiety, suggesting an early determination of the anxiety phenotype. This study confirms a general alteration of zebrafish anxiety-like behavior due to a short enrichment period in first days of life.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Larva/physiology ; Zebrafish/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	4107-5
ISSN	1098-2302 ; 0012-1630
ISSN (online)	1098-2302
ISSN	0012-1630
DOI	10.1002/dev.22255
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