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  1. Article ; Online: Cefazolin as a predictor of urinary cephalosporin activity in indicated Enterobacterales.

    Bryson, Alexandra L / Bhalodi, Amira / Liesman, Rachael M / Mathers, Amy J

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2024  Volume 62, Issue 4, Page(s) e0078821

    Abstract: Traditionally, cephalothin susceptibility results were used to predict the susceptibility of additional cephalosporins; however, in 2013-2014, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) revisited this practice and determined that cefazolin is ...

    Abstract Traditionally, cephalothin susceptibility results were used to predict the susceptibility of additional cephalosporins; however, in 2013-2014, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) revisited this practice and determined that cefazolin is a more accurate proxy than cephalothin for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs). Therefore, a cefazolin surrogacy breakpoint was established to predict the susceptibility of seven oral cephalosporins for
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cefazolin/pharmacology ; Cefazolin/therapeutic use ; Cephalosporins/pharmacology ; Cephalothin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology ; Escherichia coli ; Monobactams
    Chemical Substances Cefazolin (IHS69L0Y4T) ; Cephalosporins ; Cephalothin (R72LW146E6) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Monobactams
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/jcm.00788-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Emergomyces pasteurianus in Man Returning to the United States from Liberia and Review of the Literature.

    Pierce, Jacob / Sayeed, Sadia / Doern, Christopher D / Bryson, Alexandra L

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 635–639

    Abstract: A 65-year-old man with HIV sought treatment for fever, weight loss, and productive cough after returning to the United States from Liberia. Fungal cultures grew Emergomyces pasteurianus, and the patient's health improved after beginning voriconazole. We ... ...

    Abstract A 65-year-old man with HIV sought treatment for fever, weight loss, and productive cough after returning to the United States from Liberia. Fungal cultures grew Emergomyces pasteurianus, and the patient's health improved after beginning voriconazole. We describe the clinical case and review the literature, treatment, and susceptibilities for E. pasteurianus.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States ; Aged ; Mycoses/microbiology ; Liberia ; Onygenales ; Voriconazole
    Chemical Substances Voriconazole (JFU09I87TR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
    ISSN (online) 1080-6059
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid2903.221683
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight: The Revolution in Progress.

    Bryson, Alexandra L / Hill, Emily M / Doern, Christopher D

    Clinics in laboratory medicine

    2019  Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 391–404

    Abstract: This article summarizes recent advances in the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to new areas of infectious diseases diagnostics. We discuss progress toward routine identification ... ...

    Abstract This article summarizes recent advances in the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to new areas of infectious diseases diagnostics. We discuss progress toward routine identification of mycobacteria and filamentous fungi and direct identification of pathogens from clinical specimens. Of greatest interest is the use of MALDI-TOF MS for identifying organisms from positive blood cultures and from clinical specimens such as urine. Last, We highlight some exciting new possibilities for MALDI-TOF MS phenotypic susceptibility testing for bacteria and yeast.
    MeSH term(s) Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Microbiological Techniques/methods ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 604580-7
    ISSN 1557-9832 ; 0272-2712
    ISSN (online) 1557-9832
    ISSN 0272-2712
    DOI 10.1016/j.cll.2019.05.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Navigating Clinical Utilization of Direct-from-Specimen Metagenomic Pathogen Detection: Clinical Applications, Limitations, and Testing Recommendations.

    Filkins, Laura M / Bryson, Alexandra L / Miller, Steve A / Mitchell, Stephanie L

    Clinical chemistry

    2020  Volume 66, Issue 11, Page(s) 1381–1395

    Abstract: Background: Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) is becoming increasingly available for pathogen detection directly from clinical specimens. These tests use target-independent, shotgun sequencing to detect potentially unlimited organisms. The ... ...

    Abstract Background: Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) is becoming increasingly available for pathogen detection directly from clinical specimens. These tests use target-independent, shotgun sequencing to detect potentially unlimited organisms. The promise of this methodology to aid infection diagnosis is demonstrated through early case reports and clinical studies. However, the optimal role of mNGS in clinical microbiology remains uncertain.
    Content: We reviewed studies reporting clinical use of mNGS for pathogen detection from various specimen types, including cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, lower respiratory specimens, and others. Published clinical study data were critically evaluated and summarized to identify promising clinical indications for mNGS-based testing, to assess the clinical impact of mNGS for each indication, and to recognize test limitations. Based on these clinical studies, early testing recommendations are made to guide clinical utilization of mNGS for pathogen detection. Finally, current barriers to routine clinical laboratory implementation of mNGS tests are highlighted.
    Summary: The promise of direct-from-specimen mNGS to enable challenging infection diagnoses has been demonstrated through early clinical studies of patients with meningitis or encephalitis, invasive fungal infections, community acquired pneumonia, and other clinical indications. However, the proportion of patient cases with positive clinical impact due to mNGS testing is low in published studies and the cost of testing is high, emphasizing the importance of improving our understanding of 'when to test' and for which patients mNGS testing is appropriate.
    MeSH term(s) Alveolata/genetics ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Body Fluids/microbiology ; Body Fluids/parasitology ; Fungi/genetics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/standards ; Humans ; Metagenomics/standards ; Mycoses/diagnosis ; Protozoan Infections/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80102-1
    ISSN 1530-8561 ; 0009-9147
    ISSN (online) 1530-8561
    ISSN 0009-9147
    DOI 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa183
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: 28-Year-Old Man With an Organism Extracted From the Eyelid.

    Pierce, Jacob / Dalton, Justin / Stevens, Michael P / Godwin, Melissa / Hill, Aaron / Doern, Christopher D / Bryson, Alexandra L

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2021  Volume 72, Issue 11, Page(s) 2049–2051

    MeSH term(s) Eyelids ; Humans ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciaa1841
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Diffuse Skin Nodules in an Oyster Farmer: Disseminated Mycobacterium marinum.

    Sann, Khine Z / Vissichelli, Nicole C / Bryson, Alexandra L / Doern, Christopher / Mochel, Mark C / Bearman, Gonzalo / Sastry, Sangeeta

    The American journal of medicine

    2020  Volume 134, Issue 1, Page(s) e57–e59

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Agriculture/methods ; Animals ; Exanthema/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous ; Mycobacterium marinum/pathogenicity ; Ostreidae ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 80015-6
    ISSN 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178 ; 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    ISSN (online) 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178
    ISSN 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    DOI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.06.024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Syndromic Panel-Based Testing in Clinical Microbiology.

    Ramanan, Poornima / Bryson, Alexandra L / Binnicker, Matthew J / Pritt, Bobbi S / Patel, Robin

    Clinical microbiology reviews

    2017  Volume 31, Issue 1

    Abstract: The recent development of commercial panel-based molecular diagnostics for the rapid detection of pathogens in positive blood culture bottles, respiratory specimens, stool, and cerebrospinal fluid has resulted in a paradigm shift in clinical microbiology ...

    Abstract The recent development of commercial panel-based molecular diagnostics for the rapid detection of pathogens in positive blood culture bottles, respiratory specimens, stool, and cerebrospinal fluid has resulted in a paradigm shift in clinical microbiology and clinical practice. This review focuses on U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved/cleared multiplex molecular panels with more than five targets designed to assist in the diagnosis of bloodstream, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal, or central nervous system infections. While these panel-based assays have the clear advantages of a rapid turnaround time and the detection of a large number of microorganisms and promise to improve health care, they present certain challenges, including cost and the definition of ideal test utilization strategies (i.e., optimal ordering) and test interpretation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Infection/diagnosis ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/standards ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/trends ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645015-5
    ISSN 1098-6618 ; 0893-8512
    ISSN (online) 1098-6618
    ISSN 0893-8512
    DOI 10.1128/CMR.00024-17
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Fungal Diagnostic Stewardship in Bronchoscopy Specimens for Immunocompetent Patients in the Intensive Care Unit.

    Shah, Aditya S / O'Horo, John C / Tang, Schirin / Bryson, Alexandra L / Wengenack, Nancy L / Sampathkumar, Priya

    Mayo Clinic proceedings

    2019  Volume 94, Issue 9, Page(s) 1781–1785

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of fungal smears and cultures from bronchial lavage and wash specimens obtained from immunocompetent patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) because respiratory tract samples from patients in the ICU often ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of fungal smears and cultures from bronchial lavage and wash specimens obtained from immunocompetent patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) because respiratory tract samples from patients in the ICU often undergo extensive microbiological testing.
    Patients and methods: In total, we enrolled 112 immunocompetent adult patients treated in the medical and surgical ICU between July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2017. We evaluated whether the results of fungal smears and cultures of specimens obtained from bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage changed patient care.
    Results: In total, 131 bronchoscopic specimens and 31 bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were tested for fungi. Cultures were held for an estimated 4680 culture-days. Two results changed patient therapy. In both cases, other routine tests provided the same information as fungal culture before these results were returned.
    Conclusion: In immunocompetent, critically ill patients, fungal culture of respiratory tract specimens does not add diagnostic value. Routine fungal culture of respiratory tract specimens should be discouraged in this population.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage/methods ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/microbiology ; Bronchoscopy/methods ; Cohort Studies ; Critical Illness ; Culture Techniques ; Female ; Fungi/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Treatment Outcome ; Unnecessary Procedures/methods
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 124027-4
    ISSN 1942-5546 ; 0025-6196
    ISSN (online) 1942-5546
    ISSN 0025-6196
    DOI 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.02.020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Covalent Modification of Bacteriophage T4 DNA Inhibits CRISPR-Cas9.

    Bryson, Alexandra L / Hwang, Young / Sherrill-Mix, Scott / Wu, Gary D / Lewis, James D / Black, Lindsay / Clark, Tyson A / Bushman, Frederic D

    mBio

    2015  Volume 6, Issue 3, Page(s) e00648

    Abstract: Unlabelled: The genomic DNAs of tailed bacteriophages are commonly modified by the attachment of chemical groups. Some forms of DNA modification are known to protect phage DNA from cleavage by restriction enzymes, but others are of unknown function. ... ...

    Abstract Unlabelled: The genomic DNAs of tailed bacteriophages are commonly modified by the attachment of chemical groups. Some forms of DNA modification are known to protect phage DNA from cleavage by restriction enzymes, but others are of unknown function. Recently, the CRISPR-Cas nuclease complexes were shown to mediate bacterial adaptive immunity by RNA-guided target recognition, raising the question of whether phage DNA modifications may also block attack by CRISPR-Cas9. We investigated phage T4 as a model system, where cytosine is replaced with glucosyl-hydroxymethylcytosine (glc-HMC). We first quantified the extent and distribution of covalent modifications in T4 DNA by single-molecule DNA sequencing and enzymatic probing. We then designed CRISPR spacer sequences targeting T4 and found that wild-type T4 containing glc-HMC was insensitive to attack by CRISPR-Cas9 but mutants with unmodified cytosine were sensitive. Phage with HMC showed only intermediate sensitivity. While this work was in progress, another group reported examples of heavily engineered CRISRP-Cas9 complexes that could, in fact, overcome the effects of T4 DNA modification, indicating that modifications can inhibit but do not always fully block attack.
    Importance: Bacteria were recently found to have a form of adaptive immunity, the CRISPR-Cas systems, which use nucleic acid pairing to recognize and cleave genomic DNA of invaders such as bacteriophage. Historic work with tailed phages has shown that phage DNA is often modified by covalent attachment of large chemical groups. Here we demonstrate that DNA modification in phage T4 inhibits attack by the CRISPR-Cas9 system. This finding provides insight into mechanisms of host-virus competition and also a new set of tools that may be useful in modulating the activity of CRISPR-Cas9 in genome engineering applications.
    MeSH term(s) Bacteriophage T4/genetics ; Bacteriophage T4/growth & development ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Cytosine/chemistry ; Cytosine/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/chemistry ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/virology ; Microbial Viability ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Viral Plaque Assay
    Chemical Substances DNA, Viral ; Cytosine (8J337D1HZY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2557172-2
    ISSN 2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
    ISSN (online) 2150-7511
    ISSN 2161-2129
    DOI 10.1128/mBio.00648-15
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Covalent Modification of Bacteriophage T4 DNA Inhibits CRISPR-Cas9

    Bryson, Alexandra L / Hwang, Young / Sherrill-Mix, Scott / Wu, Gary D / Lewis, James D / Black, Lindsay / Clark, Tyson A / Bushman, Frederic D

    mBio. 2015 July 1, v. 6, no. 3

    2015  

    Abstract: ABSTRACT The genomic DNAs of tailed bacteriophages are commonly modified by the attachment of chemical groups. Some forms of DNA modification are known to protect phage DNA from cleavage by restriction enzymes, but others are of unknown function. ... ...

    Abstract ABSTRACT The genomic DNAs of tailed bacteriophages are commonly modified by the attachment of chemical groups. Some forms of DNA modification are known to protect phage DNA from cleavage by restriction enzymes, but others are of unknown function. Recently, the CRISPR-Cas nuclease complexes were shown to mediate bacterial adaptive immunity by RNA-guided target recognition, raising the question of whether phage DNA modifications may also block attack by CRISPR-Cas9. We investigated phage T4 as a model system, where cytosine is replaced with glucosyl-hydroxymethylcytosine (glc-HMC). We first quantified the extent and distribution of covalent modifications in T4 DNA by single-molecule DNA sequencing and enzymatic probing. We then designed CRISPR spacer sequences targeting T4 and found that wild-type T4 containing glc-HMC was insensitive to attack by CRISPR-Cas9 but mutants with unmodified cytosine were sensitive. Phage with HMC showed only intermediate sensitivity. While this work was in progress, another group reported examples of heavily engineered CRISRP-Cas9 complexes that could, in fact, overcome the effects of T4 DNA modification, indicating that modifications can inhibit but do not always fully block attack.
    Keywords Caudovirales ; DNA ; adaptive immunity ; bacteria ; bacteriophages ; cytosine ; genetic engineering ; mutants ; restriction endonucleases ; sequence analysis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-0701
    Size p. e00648-15.
    Publishing place American Society for Microbiology
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2557172-2
    ISSN 2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
    ISSN (online) 2150-7511
    ISSN 2161-2129
    DOI 10.1128/mBio.00648-15
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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