Article ; Online: The roles of TGF-β and VEGF pathways in the suppression of antitumor immunity in melanoma and other solid tumors.
2022 Volume 240, Page(s) 108211
Abstract: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become well-known in cancer therapy, strengthening the body's antitumor immune response rather than directly targeting cancer cells. Therapies targeting immune inhibitory checkpoints, such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, ... ...
| Abstract | Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become well-known in cancer therapy, strengthening the body's antitumor immune response rather than directly targeting cancer cells. Therapies targeting immune inhibitory checkpoints, such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, have resulted in impressive clinical responses across different types of solid tumors. However, as with other types of cancer treatments, ICB-based immunotherapy is hampered by both innate and acquired drug resistance. We previously reported the enrichment of gene signatures associated with wound healing, epithelial-to-mesenchymal, and angiogenesis processes in the tumors of patients with innate resistance to PD-1 checkpoint antibody therapy; we termed these the Innate Anti-PD-1 Resistance Signatures (IPRES). The TGF-β and VEGFA pathways emerge as the dominant drivers of IPRES-associated processes. Here, we review these pathways' functions, their roles in immunosuppression, and the currently available therapies that target them. We also discuss recent developments in the targeting of TGF-β using a specific antibody class termed trap antibody. The application of trap antibodies opens the promise of localized targeting of the TGF-β and VEGFA pathways within the tumor microenvironment. Such specificity may offer an enhanced therapeutic window that enables suppression of the IPRES processes in the tumor microenvironment while sparing the normal homeostatic functions of TGF-β and VEGFA in healthy tissues. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Antibodies |
| Chemical Substances | Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Antibodies |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2022-05-14 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| ZDB-ID | 194735-7 |
| ISSN | 1879-016X ; 0163-7258 |
| ISSN (online) | 1879-016X |
| ISSN | 0163-7258 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108211 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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