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Article ; Online: Risk on Demand? A Quantitative Content Analysis of the Portrayal of Risky Health Behaviors in Popular on Demand Content.

Sadza, Anne / Daalmans, Serena / Rozendaal, Esther / Buijzen, Moniek

2023 , Page(s) 1–10

Abstract: Video on Demand (VOD) has become the most popular way for adolescent viewers to consume entertainment media, often without parental supervision. Given the potential for modeling, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and nature with which risky ... ...

Abstract	Video on Demand (VOD) has become the most popular way for adolescent viewers to consume entertainment media, often without parental supervision. Given the potential for modeling, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and nature with which risky health behaviors are portrayed in popular VOD programs. A quantitative content analysis of trending programs (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038723-7
ISSN	1532-7027 ; 1041-0236
ISSN (online)	1532-7027
ISSN	1041-0236
DOI	10.1080/10410236.2023.2255762
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Article ; Online: How media appeals depicting social eating contexts increase the appetitive motivational processing of healthy foods.

Samson, Lelia / Buijzen, Moniek

Appetite

2021 Volume 167, Page(s) 105582

Abstract: Research suggests that depictions of social groups can improve the processing of pronutritional media promoting healthy foods. Drawing on a framework of motivational processing, which regulates the automatic emotional and attentional responses to stimuli ...

Abstract	Research suggests that depictions of social groups can improve the processing of pronutritional media promoting healthy foods. Drawing on a framework of motivational processing, which regulates the automatic emotional and attentional responses to stimuli with adaptive significance to the organism (Cacioppo, Gardner, & Berntson, 1999; Compton, 2003; Ito, Cacioppo, & Lang, 1998), two mixed-factorial experiments examined how adolescents process pronutritional media depicting various social versus alone eating contexts. Based on motivational theories of information processing and emotional contagion, we predicted that pronutritional media depicting social eating contexts capture attention, emotion, and memory formation, indicative of appetitive motivational processing. Study 1 (N = 58; aged 12-18; 54% female) examined how the depicted social eating contexts improve the processing of pronutritional media by increasing their attentional selection, attentional processing, the emotional affect, and arousal responses to them. As the models' faces-which automatically attract priority processing-are oriented towards the foods in the social eating contexts, the pronutritional images depicting social eating contexts were predicted to attract greater attention and mental resources, and to further direct them to the foods. Study 2 (N = 165; aged 12-18; 53% female) investigated how the depicted social eating contexts further improve the processing of the healthy foods in the pronutritional media, by directing the visual attentional focus to the foods and attracting memory formation for them. Visual attentional focus was assessed through eye-tracking and memory was operationalized via visual recognition. As hypothesized, healthy foods became noticeable, highly-arousing, and memorable stimuli with adaptive significance to the organism when promoted through depictions of shared meals in social groups. The findings illustrate how healthy foods can be promoted more effectively through depictions of social eating contexts, and how the appetitive motivational processing explicates their greater effectiveness.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Arousal ; Emotions ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Motivation ; Recognition, Psychology ; Social Environment
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1461347-5
ISSN	1095-8304 ; 0195-6663
ISSN (online)	1095-8304
ISSN	0195-6663
DOI	10.1016/j.appet.2021.105582
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Article: How media appeals depicting social eating contexts increase the appetitive motivational processing of healthy foods

Samson, Lelia / Buijzen, Moniek

Appetite. 2021 Dec. 01, v. 167

2021

Abstract	Research suggests that depictions of social groups can improve the processing of pronutritional media promoting healthy foods. Drawing on a framework of motivational processing, which regulates the automatic emotional and attentional responses to stimuli with adaptive significance to the organism (Cacioppo, Gardner, & Berntson, 1999; Compton, 2003; Ito, Cacioppo, & Lang, 1998), two mixed-factorial experiments examined how adolescents process pronutritional media depicting various social versus alone eating contexts. Based on motivational theories of information processing and emotional contagion, we predicted that pronutritional media depicting social eating contexts capture attention, emotion, and memory formation, indicative of appetitive motivational processing. Study 1 (N = 58; aged 12–18; 54% female) examined how the depicted social eating contexts improve the processing of pronutritional media by increasing their attentional selection, attentional processing, the emotional affect, and arousal responses to them. As the models' faces—which automatically attract priority processing—are oriented towards the foods in the social eating contexts, the pronutritional images depicting social eating contexts were predicted to attract greater attention and mental resources, and to further direct them to the foods. Study 2 (N = 165; aged 12–18; 53% female) investigated how the depicted social eating contexts further improve the processing of the healthy foods in the pronutritional media, by directing the visual attentional focus to the foods and attracting memory formation for them. Visual attentional focus was assessed through eye-tracking and memory was operationalized via visual recognition. As hypothesized, healthy foods became noticeable, highly-arousing, and memorable stimuli with adaptive significance to the organism when promoted through depictions of shared meals in social groups. The findings illustrate how healthy foods can be promoted more effectively through depictions of social eating contexts, and how the appetitive motivational processing explicates their greater effectiveness.
Keywords	appetite ; females ; memory ; visual perception
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1201
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	764440-1
ISSN	0195-6663
ISSN	0195-6663
DOI	10.1016/j.appet.2021.105582
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The Usefulness of Web-Based Communication Data for Social Network Health Interventions: Agent-Based Modeling Study.

Blok, David J / Simoski, Bojan / van Woudenberg, Thabo J / Buijzen, Moniek

JMIR pediatrics and parenting

2023 Volume 6, Page(s) e44849

Abstract: Background: Social network interventions are an effective approach to promote physical activity. These interventions are traditionally designed using self-reported peer nomination network data to represent social connections. However, there is ... ...

Abstract	Background: Social network interventions are an effective approach to promote physical activity. These interventions are traditionally designed using self-reported peer nomination network data to represent social connections. However, there is unexplored potential in communication data exchanged through web-based messaging apps or social platforms, given the availability of these data, the developments in artificial intelligence to analyze these data, and the shift of personal communication to the web sphere. The implications of using web-based versus offline social networks on the effectiveness of social network interventions remain largely unexplored. Objective: This study aims to investigate the differences in the impact of social network interventions on physical activity levels (PALs) between networks derived from web-based communication and peer nomination data. Methods: We used the data on sociometric questionnaires, messages from a web-based communication app, and PAL (number of steps per day) of 408 participants in 21 school classes. We applied social network analysis to identify influential peers and agent-based modeling to simulate the diffusion of PAL and explore the impact of social network interventions on PAL among adolescents in school classes. Influential peers (n=63) were selected based on centrality measures (ie, in-degree, closeness, and betweenness) to spread the intervention. They received health education, which increased their PAL by 17%. In sensitivity analyses, we tested the impact of a 5%, 10%, and 20% increase in PAL among influential peers. Results: There was a 24%-27% overlap in selected influential peers between the 2 network representations. In general, the simulations showed that interventions could increase PAL by 5.0%-5.8% within 2 months. However, the predicted median impact on PAL was slightly higher in networks based on web-based communication data than peer nomination data for in-degree (5.7%, IQR 5.5%-6.1% vs 5.5%, IQR 5.2%-5.8%; P=.002), betweenness (5.6%, IQR 5.4%-5.9% vs 5.0%, IQR 4.7%-5.3%; P<.001), and closeness centrality (5.8%, IQR 5.6%-6.1% vs 5.3%, IQR 5.0%-5.6%; P<.001). A large variation in impact was observed between school classes (range 1.5%-17.5%). Lowering the effectiveness of health education from 17% to 5% would reduce the overall impact of the social network intervention by 3-fold in both networks. Conclusions: Our findings showed that network interventions based on web-based communication data could increase PAL. Web-based communication data may therefore be a valuable addition to peer nomination data for future social network intervention design. Artificial intelligence methods, including agent-based modeling, can help to design these network interventions and provide insights into the role of network characteristics in their effectiveness.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-22
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2561-6722
ISSN (online)	2561-6722
DOI	10.2196/44849
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Arranging the fruit basket: A computational approach towards a better understanding of adolescents' diet-related social media communications.

Schlicht, Jonas A / van Woudenberg, Thabo J / Buijzen, Moniek

Acta psychologica

2022 Volume 230, Page(s) 103738

Abstract: This study investigated the contents and linguistic styles that adolescents use in their dietary communications on social media. The main aim of the study was to describe adolescents' social media communication practices with regards to diet, in order to ...

Abstract	This study investigated the contents and linguistic styles that adolescents use in their dietary communications on social media. The main aim of the study was to describe adolescents' social media communication practices with regards to diet, in order to better understand dietary social influences and how to effectively intervene in them. The current study made use of an online communication dataset (N = 72,384 messages) of adolescents in primary and secondary school (N = 1038, 9-16 y/o). We analyzed the message content using tailor-made diet- and health-related dictionaries and LDA topic modeling. The linguistic style of the messages was investigated by assessing the sentiment and underlying psychological dimensions. Further, we used multivariate linear regressions to test how each message dimension was related to message liking, which was considered as an indicator of a message's influence potential regarding peers' dietary behaviors. The results confirmed that adolescents show a preference to discuss neutral-to-unhealthy dietary items most often. No association emerged between message content (i.e., message healthiness and topics) and the number of likes that a message received, while messages with more positive sentiment and higher subjectivity received slightly more likes. Also, our findings confirm that visual dietary content is more often liked than textual descriptions alone. The findings indicate that the content and the healthiness of a message does not explain its popularity among adolescents. Rather, the way how diet-related content is formulated (i.e., in a positive and subjective tone) emerged as a more important predictor for message liking.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Social Media ; Fruit ; Diet ; Communication
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1480049-4
ISSN	1873-6297 ; 0001-6918
ISSN (online)	1873-6297
ISSN	0001-6918
DOI	10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103738
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Article: Explaining Children's News Avoidance During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Ebbinkhuijsen, Ming / Buijzen, Moniek / de Leeuw, Rebecca / Kleemans, Mariska

Frontiers in psychology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 889096

Abstract: Despite growing concerns that children (8-13 years old) tend to avoid the news, the reasons why have received little research attention. Therefore, the current study aims to develop and test a model conceptualizing the relations between children's news ... ...

Abstract	Despite growing concerns that children (8-13 years old) tend to avoid the news, the reasons why have received little research attention. Therefore, the current study aims to develop and test a model conceptualizing the relations between children's news consumption, news avoidance, emotional responses (negative emotions and anxiety-related behaviors), and parent and child mitigation strategies. The model was tested using data collected during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The current, preregistered, survey study was part of a longitudinal project and used data from the second wave. Data were collected in November/December 2020 among 510 children (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	News
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2022.889096
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Article ; Online: Testing a first online intervention to reduce conformity to cyber aggression in messaging apps.

Bleize, Daniëlle N M / Anschütz, Doeschka J / Tanis, Martin / Buijzen, Moniek

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) e0272615

Abstract: Early adolescents frequently use mobile messaging apps to communicate with peers. The popularity of such messaging apps has a critical drawback because it increases conformity to cyber aggression. Cyber aggression includes aggressive peer behaviors such ... ...

Abstract	Early adolescents frequently use mobile messaging apps to communicate with peers. The popularity of such messaging apps has a critical drawback because it increases conformity to cyber aggression. Cyber aggression includes aggressive peer behaviors such as nasty comments, nonconsensual image sharing, and social exclusion, to which adolescents subsequently conform. Recent empirical research points to peer group norms and reduced accountability as two essential determinants of conformity to cyber aggression. Therefore, the current study aimed to counteract these two determinants in a 2 (peer group norms counteracted: yes, no) x 2 (reduced accountability counteracted: yes, no) design. We created four intervention conditions that addressed adolescents' deficits in information, motivation, and behavioral skills. Depending on the condition (peer group norms, reduced accountability, combination, or control), we first informed participants about the influence of the relevant determinant (e.g., peer group norms). Subsequently, participants performed a self-persuasion task and formulated implementation-intentions to increase their motivation and behavioral skills not to conform to cyber aggression. Effectiveness was tested with a messaging app paradigm and self-report among a sample of 377 adolescents (Mage = 12.99, SDage = 0.84; 53.6% boys). Factorial ANCOVAs revealed that none of the intervention conditions reduced conformity to cyber aggression. Moreover, individual differences in susceptibility to peer pressure or inhibitory control among adolescents did not moderate the expected relations. Therefore, there is no evidence that our intervention effectively reduces conformity to cyber aggression. The findings from this first intervention effort point to the complex relationship between theory and practice. Our findings warrant future research to develop potential intervention tools that could effectively reduce conformity to cyber aggression.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Aggression ; Female ; Humans ; Internet-Based Intervention ; Male ; Motivation ; Peer Group ; Social Behavior
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0272615
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Article ; Online: Beyond inhibitory control training: Inactions and actions influence smartphone app use through changes in explicit liking.

Johannes, Niklas / Buijzen, Moniek / Veling, Harm

Journal of experimental psychology. General

2020 Volume 150, Issue 3, Page(s) 431–445

Abstract: Human behavior can be classified into 2 basic categories: execution of responses and withholding responses. This classification is used in go/no-go training, where people respond to some objects and withhold their responses to other objects. Despite its ... ...

Abstract	Human behavior can be classified into 2 basic categories: execution of responses and withholding responses. This classification is used in go/no-go training, where people respond to some objects and withhold their responses to other objects. Despite its simplicity, there is now substantial evidence that such training is powerful in changing human behavior toward such objects. However, it is poorly understood how simple responses can influence behavior. Contrary to the remarkably tenacious idea that go/no-go training changes behavior by strengthening inhibitory control, we propose that the training changes behavior via changes in explicit liking of objects. In two preregistered experiments, we show that go/no-go training influences explicit liking for smartphone apps (Experiments 1 and 2) and that this liking partially mediates the effect of the training on consequential choices for using these apps 1 day later (Experiment 2). The results highlight the role of evaluations when examining how motor response training influences behavior. This knowledge can inform development of more effective applied motor response training procedures and raises new theoretical questions on the relation between motor responses and affect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Emotions/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibition, Psychological ; Male ; Mobile Applications ; Smartphone ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189732-9
ISSN	1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
ISSN (online)	1939-2222
ISSN	0096-3445
DOI	10.1037/xge0000888
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Article ; Online: Investigating and Improving the Accuracy of US Citizens' Beliefs About the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Survey Study.

van Stekelenburg, Aart / Schaap, Gabi / Veling, Harm / Buijzen, Moniek

Journal of medical Internet research

2021 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) e24069

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 infodemic, a surge of information and misinformation, has sparked worry about the public's perception of the coronavirus pandemic. Excessive information and misinformation can lead to belief in false information as well as ... ...

Abstract	Background: The COVID-19 infodemic, a surge of information and misinformation, has sparked worry about the public's perception of the coronavirus pandemic. Excessive information and misinformation can lead to belief in false information as well as reduce the accurate interpretation of true information. Such incorrect beliefs about the COVID-19 pandemic might lead to behavior that puts people at risk of both contracting and spreading the virus. Objective: The objective of this study was two-fold. First, we attempted to gain insight into public beliefs about the novel coronavirus and COVID-19 in one of the worst hit countries: the United States. Second, we aimed to test whether a short intervention could improve people's belief accuracy by empowering them to consider scientific consensus when evaluating claims related to the pandemic. Methods: We conducted a 4-week longitudinal study among US citizens, starting on April 27, 2020, just after daily COVID-19 deaths in the United States had peaked. Each week, we measured participants' belief accuracy related to the coronavirus and COVID-19 by asking them to indicate to what extent they believed a number of true and false statements (split 50/50). Furthermore, each new survey wave included both the original statements and four new statements: two false and two true statements. Half of the participants were exposed to an intervention aimed at increasing belief accuracy. The intervention consisted of a short infographic that set out three steps to verify information by searching for and verifying a scientific consensus. Results: A total of 1202 US citizens, balanced regarding age, gender, and ethnicity to approximate the US general public, completed the baseline (T0) wave survey. Retention rate for the follow-up waves- first follow-up wave (T1), second follow-up wave (T2), and final wave (T3)-was high (≥85%). Mean scores of belief accuracy were high for all waves, with scores reflecting low belief in false statements and high belief in true statements; the belief accuracy scale ranged from -1, indicating completely inaccurate beliefs, to 1, indicating completely accurate beliefs (T0 mean 0.75, T1 mean 0.78, T2 mean 0.77, and T3 mean 0.75). Accurate beliefs were correlated with self-reported behavior aimed at preventing the coronavirus from spreading (eg, social distancing) (r at all waves was between 0.26 and 0.29 and all P values were less than .001) and were associated with trust in scientists (ie, higher trust was associated with more accurate beliefs), political orientation (ie, liberal, Democratic participants held more accurate beliefs than conservative, Republican participants), and the primary news source (ie, participants reporting CNN or Fox News as the main news source held less accurate beliefs than others). The intervention did not significantly improve belief accuracy. Conclusions: The supposed infodemic was not reflected in US citizens' beliefs about the COVID-19 pandemic. Most people were quite able to figure out the facts in these relatively early days of the crisis, calling into question the prevalence of misinformation and the public's susceptibility to misinformation.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Attitude to Health ; COVID-19/psychology ; Communication ; Crowdsourcing ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Politics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Trust ; United States ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-12
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2028830-X
ISSN	1438-8871 ; 1438-8871
ISSN (online)	1438-8871
ISSN	1438-8871
DOI	10.2196/24069
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Article ; Online: Boosting Understanding and Identification of Scientific Consensus Can Help to Correct False Beliefs.

van Stekelenburg, Aart / Schaap, Gabi / Veling, Harm / Buijzen, Moniek

Psychological science

2021 Volume 32, Issue 10, Page(s) 1549–1565

Abstract: Some people hold beliefs that are opposed to overwhelming scientific evidence. Such misperceptions can be harmful to both personal and societal well-being. Communicating scientific consensus has been found to be effective in eliciting scientifically ... ...

Abstract	Some people hold beliefs that are opposed to overwhelming scientific evidence. Such misperceptions can be harmful to both personal and societal well-being. Communicating scientific consensus has been found to be effective in eliciting scientifically accurate beliefs, but it is unclear whether it is also effective in correcting false beliefs. Here, we show that a strategy that boosts people's understanding of and ability to identify scientific consensus can help to correct misperceptions. In three experiments with more than 1,500 U.S. adults who held false beliefs, participants first learned the value of scientific consensus and how to identify it. Subsequently, they read a news article with information about a scientific consensus opposing their beliefs. We found strong evidence that in the domain of genetically engineered food, this two-step communication strategy was more successful in correcting misperceptions than merely communicating scientific consensus. The data suggest that the current approach may not work for misperceptions about climate change.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Climate Change ; Communication ; Consensus ; Humans ; Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2022256-7
ISSN	1467-9280 ; 0956-7976
ISSN (online)	1467-9280
ISSN	0956-7976
DOI	10.1177/09567976211007788
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