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  1. Article ; Online: Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment Goals: Evidence for Cardiovascular Protection From Observational Studies and Clinical Trials.

    Whelton, Paul K / Bundy, Joshua D / Carey, Robert M

    American journal of hypertension

    2022  Volume 35, Issue 11, Page(s) 905–914

    Abstract: Epidemiologic studies have consistently identified a strong, progressive relationship between blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, in a range of systolic BP (SBP) from as low as 90 mm Hg to as high as 180 mm Hg. Clinical trials ... ...

    Abstract Epidemiologic studies have consistently identified a strong, progressive relationship between blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, in a range of systolic BP (SBP) from as low as 90 mm Hg to as high as 180 mm Hg. Clinical trials have demonstrated greater prevention of CVD with more compared with less intensive antihypertensive drug treatment. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials provide strong evidence for more intensive antihypertensive drug therapy down to an SBP of 130 mm Hg, and to an SBP 120-124 mm Hg in the meta-analysis with the greatest statistical power. In the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) randomization to an SBP treatment goal of <120 mm Hg compared with <140 mm Hg in persons with high CVD risk not only reduced the rate of CVD but also all-cause mortality. These benefits were noted in all of the prestated subgroups of interest, including those ≥65 years of age at baseline. In addition, cognitive impairment was less common in those randomized to the intensive compared with standard treatment. Most clinical practice guidelines recommend an SBP treatment target <130 mm Hg in adults with a high risk of CVD, which is the norm for many patients seen in clinical practice, especially those who are older, have diabetes mellitus, or chronic kidney disease.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; Hypertension ; Risk Factors ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Chemical Substances Antihypertensive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639383-4
    ISSN 1941-7225 ; 1879-1905 ; 0895-7061
    ISSN (online) 1941-7225 ; 1879-1905
    ISSN 0895-7061
    DOI 10.1093/ajh/hpac045
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  2. Article ; Online: Coronary Atherosclerosis Across the Continuum of Blood Pressure.

    Whelton, Seamus P / Bundy, Joshua D / Whelton, Paul K

    American journal of hypertension

    2021  Volume 34, Issue 8, Page(s) 799–800

    MeSH term(s) Atherosclerosis/diagnosis ; Atherosclerosis/epidemiology ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis ; Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 639383-4
    ISSN 1941-7225 ; 1879-1905 ; 0895-7061
    ISSN (online) 1941-7225 ; 1879-1905
    ISSN 0895-7061
    DOI 10.1093/ajh/hpab058
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Prediction of End-Stage Kidney Disease Using Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate With and Without Race : A Prospective Cohort Study.

    Bundy, Joshua D / Mills, Katherine T / Anderson, Amanda H / Yang, Wei / Chen, Jing / He, Jiang

    Annals of internal medicine

    2022  Volume 175, Issue 3, Page(s) 305–313

    Abstract: Background: New estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations removed race adjustment, but the impact of its removal on prediction of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is unknown.: Objective: To compare the ESKD prediction performance of ... ...

    Abstract Background: New estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations removed race adjustment, but the impact of its removal on prediction of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is unknown.
    Objective: To compare the ESKD prediction performance of different eGFR equations.
    Design: Observational, prospective cohort study.
    Setting: 7 U.S. clinical centers.
    Participants: 3873 participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study contributing 13 902 two-year risk periods.
    Measurements: ESKD was defined as initiation of dialysis or transplantation. eGFR was calculated using 5 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations based on serum creatinine and/or cystatin C, with or without race adjustment. The predicted 2-year risk for ESKD was calculated using the 4-variable Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE). We evaluated the prediction performance of eGFR equations and the KFRE score using discrimination and calibration analyses.
    Results: During a maximum 16 years of follow-up, 856 participants developed ESKD. Across all eGFR equations, the KFRE score was superior for predicting 2-year incidence of ESKD compared with eGFR alone (area under the curve ranges, 0.945 to 0.954 vs. 0.900 to 0.927). Prediction performance of KFRE scores using different eGFR equations was similar, but the creatinine equation without race adjustment improved calibration among Black participants. Among all participants, compared with an eGFR less than 20 mL/min/1.73 m
    Limitation: Data are solely from the United States.
    Conclusion: The KFRE score better predicts 2-year risk for ESKD compared with eGFR alone, regardless of race adjustment. The creatinine equation with age and sex may improve calibration among Black patients. A KFRE score greater than 20% showed high specificity and sensitivity for predicting 2-year risk for ESKD.
    Primary funding source: National Institutes of Health.
    MeSH term(s) Cohort Studies ; Creatinine ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology ; Kidney Function Tests/adverse effects ; Prospective Studies ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/M21-2928
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular risk profiles among parous women by gestational diabetes status, 2007-2018.

    Dorans, Kirsten S / Bazzano, Lydia A / Li, Xingyan / Bundy, Joshua D / Tian, Ling / He, Jiang

    Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD

    2022  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 1121–1130

    Abstract: Background and aims: Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at elevated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. We compared cardiometabolic risk factors among parous U.S. women ages 20-44 by history of GDM.: ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at elevated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. We compared cardiometabolic risk factors among parous U.S. women ages 20-44 by history of GDM.
    Methods and results: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018, 3537 parous women were classified by self-reported GDM history. We compared anthropometric measures, glycemia, blood pressure, lipids, lifestyle factors, cardiovascular health, and cardiometabolic disease prevalence by GDM status. NHANES survey design was taken into account. Women without history of GDM were younger and, after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and education, had more favorable cardiometabolic risk factor profiles for measures of anthropometry, glycemia, diabetes, many lipids, physical activity, diet, and overall cardiovascular health than women with history of GDM. Many patterns persisted after further adjustment for lifestyle factors. In analyses stratified by race/ethnicity, many patterns persisted, though there were key differences. Hypertension prevalence differed by GDM history only among Hispanic women. In women of other race/ethnicity, there was no difference in healthy eating or body mass index by GDM history. In non-Hispanic Black women, there was no difference in healthy eating by GDM history.
    Conclusion: Among parous U.S. women ages 20-44, those with history of GDM had less favorable cardiometabolic risk factor profiles than those without history of GDM. This highlights the importance of continued efforts to develop and test multilevel interventions to improve cardiometabolic risk factors among reproductive-age women with a history of GDM.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis ; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology ; Female ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Life Style ; Lipids ; Nutrition Surveys ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1067704-5
    ISSN 1590-3729 ; 0939-4753
    ISSN (online) 1590-3729
    ISSN 0939-4753
    DOI 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.012
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  5. Article ; Online: Harmonization of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension Blood Pressure/Hypertension Guidelines: Comparisons, Reflections, and Recommendations.

    Whelton, Paul K / Carey, Robert M / Mancia, Giuseppe / Kreutz, Reinhold / Bundy, Joshua D / Williams, Bryan

    Circulation

    2022  Volume 146, Issue 11, Page(s) 868–877

    Abstract: The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension clinical practice guidelines for management of high blood pressure/hypertension are influential documents. Both ... ...

    Abstract The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension clinical practice guidelines for management of high blood pressure/hypertension are influential documents. Both guidelines are comprehensive, were developed using rigorous processes, and underwent extensive peer review. The most notable difference between the 2 guidelines is the blood pressure cut points recommended for the diagnosis of hypertension. There are also differences in the timing and intensity of treatment, with the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline recommending a somewhat more intensive approach. Overall, there is substantial concordance in the recommendations provided by the 2 guideline-writing committees, with greater congruity between them than their predecessors. Additional harmonization of future guidelines would help to underscore the commonality of their core recommendations and could serve to catalyze changes in practice that would lead to improved prevention, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, worldwide.
    MeSH term(s) American Heart Association ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiology ; Humans ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Hypertension/therapy ; Societies, Medical ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80099-5
    ISSN 1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    ISSN (online) 1524-4539
    ISSN 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054602
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  6. Article ; Online: Harmonization of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension Blood Pressure/Hypertension Guidelines.

    Whelton, Paul K / Carey, Robert M / Mancia, Giuseppe / Kreutz, Reinhold / Bundy, Joshua D / Williams, Bryan

    European heart journal

    2022  Volume 43, Issue 35, Page(s) 3302–3311

    Abstract: The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension clinical practice guidelines for management of high blood pressure/hypertension are influential documents. Both ... ...

    Abstract The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension clinical practice guidelines for management of high blood pressure/hypertension are influential documents. Both guidelines are comprehensive, were developed using rigorous processes, and underwent extensive peer review. The most notable difference between the 2 guidelines is the blood pressure cut points recommended for the diagnosis of hypertension. There are also differences in the timing and intensity of treatment, with the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline recommending a somewhat more intensive approach. Overall, there is substantial concordance in the recommendations provided by the 2 guideline-writing committees, with greater congruity between them than their predecessors. Additional harmonization of future guidelines would help to underscore the commonality of their core recommendations and could serve to catalyze changes in practice that would lead to improved prevention, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, worldwide.
    MeSH term(s) American Heart Association ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiology ; Humans ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/therapy ; Societies, Medical ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603098-1
    ISSN 1522-9645 ; 0195-668X
    ISSN (online) 1522-9645
    ISSN 0195-668X
    DOI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac432
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  7. Article ; Online: Harmonization of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension Blood Pressure/Hypertension Guidelines: Comparisons, Reflections, and Recommendations.

    Whelton, Paul K / Carey, Robert M / Mancia, Giuseppe / Kreutz, Reinhold / Bundy, Joshua D / Williams, Bryan

    Journal of the American College of Cardiology

    2022  Volume 80, Issue 12, Page(s) 1192–1201

    Abstract: The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension clinical practice guidelines for management of high blood pressure/hypertension are influential documents. Both ... ...

    Abstract The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension clinical practice guidelines for management of high blood pressure/hypertension are influential documents. Both guidelines are comprehensive, were developed using rigorous processes, and underwent extensive peer review. The most notable difference between the 2 guidelines is the blood pressure cut points recommended for the diagnosis of hypertension. There are also differences in the timing and intensity of treatment, with the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline recommending a somewhat more intensive approach. Overall, there is substantial concordance in the recommendations provided by the 2 guideline-writing committees, with greater congruity between them than their predecessors. Additional harmonization of future guidelines would help to underscore the commonality of their core recommendations and could serve to catalyze changes in practice that would lead to improved prevention, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, worldwide.
    MeSH term(s) American Heart Association ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiology ; Humans ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/therapy ; Societies, Medical ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Practice Guideline ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605507-2
    ISSN 1558-3597 ; 0735-1097
    ISSN (online) 1558-3597
    ISSN 0735-1097
    DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.07.005
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  8. Article ; Online: Social determinants of health and premature death among adults in the USA from 1999 to 2018: a national cohort study.

    Bundy, Joshua D / Mills, Katherine T / He, Hua / LaVeist, Thomas A / Ferdinand, Keith C / Chen, Jing / He, Jiang

    The Lancet. Public health

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 6, Page(s) e422–e431

    Abstract: Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in mortality persist in the US population. We studied the contribution of social determinants of health (SDoH) to racial and ethnic disparities in premature death.: Methods: A nationally representative sample ...

    Abstract Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in mortality persist in the US population. We studied the contribution of social determinants of health (SDoH) to racial and ethnic disparities in premature death.
    Methods: A nationally representative sample of individuals aged 20-74 years who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018 were included. Self-reported SDoH (employment, family income, food security, education, access to health care, health insurance, housing instability, and being married or living with a partner) were collected in each survey cycle. Participants were categorised into four groups of race and ethnicity: Black, Hispanic, White, and other. Deaths were ascertained from linkage to the National Death Index with follow-up until 2019. Multiple mediation analysis was used to assess simultaneous contributions of each individual SDoH to racial disparities in premature all-cause mortality.
    Findings: We included 48 170 NHANES participants in our analyses, consisting of 10 543 (21·9%) Black participants, 13 211 (27·4%) Hispanic participants, 19 629 (40·7%) White participants, and 4787 (9·9%) participants of other racial and ethnic groups. Mean survey-weighted age was 44·3 years (95% CI 44·0-44·6), 51·3% (50·9-51·8) of participants were women, and 48·7% (48·2-49·1) were men. 3194 deaths before age 75 years were recorded (930 Black participants, 662 Hispanic participants, 1453 White participants, and 149 other participants). Black adults had significantly higher premature mortality than other racial and ethnic groups (p<0·0001): premature death rates per 100 000 person-years were 852 (95% CI 727-1000) for Black adults, 445 (349-574) for Hispanic adults, 546 (474-630) for White adults, and 521 (336-821) for other adults. Unemployment, lower family income, food insecurity, less than high school education, no private health insurance, and not being married nor living with a partner were significantly and independently associated with premature death. Dose-response associations were observed between cumulative number of unfavourable SDoH and premature all-cause mortality: hazard ratios (HRs) were 1·93 (95% CI 1·61-2·31) for those with one unfavourable SDoH, 2·24 (1·87-2·68) for those with two, 3·98 (3·34-4·73) for those with three, 4·78 (3·98-5·74) for those with four, 6·08 (5·06-7·31) for those with five, and 7·82 (6·60-9·26) for those with six or more unfavourable SDoH (p<0·0001 for linear trend). After adjusting for SDoH, HRs for premature all-cause mortality for Black adults compared with White adults decreased from 1·59 (1·44-1·76) to 1·00 (0·91-1·10), suggesting complete mediation of this racial difference in mortality.
    Interpretation: Unfavourable SDoH are associated with increased rates of premature death and contribute to differences between Black and White racial groups in premature all-cause mortality in the US population. Innovative public health policies and interventions targeting SDoH are needed to reduce premature deaths and health disparities in this population.
    Funding: US National Institutes of Health.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Adult ; Humans ; Female ; United States/epidemiology ; Mortality, Premature ; Cohort Studies ; Nutrition Surveys ; Social Determinants of Health ; Ethnicity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2468-2667
    ISSN (online) 2468-2667
    DOI 10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00081-6
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  9. Article ; Online: Examination of Serum Metabolome Altered by Dietary Carbohydrate, Milk Protein, and Soy Protein Interventions Identified Novel Metabolites Associated with Blood Pressure: The ProBP Trial.

    Changwei, Li / Bundy, Joshua D / Tian, Ling / Zhang, Ruiyuan / Chen, Jing / Kelly, Tanika N / He, Jiang

    Molecular nutrition & food research

    2023  Volume 67, Issue 20, Page(s) e2300044

    Abstract: Scope: This study aims to discover metabolites of dietary carbohydrate, soy and milk protein supplements and evaluate their roles in blood pressure (BP) regulation in the protein and blood pressure (ProBP), a cross-over trial.: Methods and results: ... ...

    Abstract Scope: This study aims to discover metabolites of dietary carbohydrate, soy and milk protein supplements and evaluate their roles in blood pressure (BP) regulation in the protein and blood pressure (ProBP), a cross-over trial.
    Methods and results: Plasma metabolites are profiled at pre-trial baseline and after 8 weeks of supplementation with carbohydrate, soy protein, and milk protein, respectively, among 80 ProBP participants. After Bonferroni correction (α = 6.49 × 10
    Conclusions: The study identifies molecular signatures of dietary interventions. Erucate (22:1n9) increases systolic BP. Acylcholine enhances and cheese intake reduces the BP lowering effect of soy protein supplement.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Blood Pressure ; Dietary Carbohydrates/pharmacology ; Metabolome ; Milk Proteins ; Soybean Proteins/pharmacology ; Cross-Over Studies
    Chemical Substances Dietary Carbohydrates ; Milk Proteins ; Soybean Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-31
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2160372-8
    ISSN 1613-4133 ; 1613-4125
    ISSN (online) 1613-4133
    ISSN 1613-4125
    DOI 10.1002/mnfr.202300044
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  10. Article ; Online: Comparison of the 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension Guideline with Earlier Guidelines on Estimated Reductions in Cardiovascular Disease.

    Bundy, Joshua D / Mills, Katherine T / He, Jiang

    Current hypertension reports

    2019  Volume 21, Issue 10, Page(s) 76

    Abstract: Purpose of review: To review the recommendations of the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association hypertension guideline and to compare it with previous guidelines on potential cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: To review the recommendations of the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association hypertension guideline and to compare it with previous guidelines on potential cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk reductions.
    Recent findings: Compared with previous guidelines, the 2017 hypertension guideline increased the prevalence of hypertension and the number of adults recommended for antihypertensive therapy in the US population. Based on data from recent analyses, the new guideline effectively directs antihypertensive therapy toward individuals at higher CVD risk. Two recent analyses using US national data estimated that implementation of the 2017 hypertension guideline could further reduce hundreds of thousands of CVD events and deaths compared with previous guidelines. However, the new guideline might increase the number of adverse events. The new guideline also improves the number of individuals needed to treat to prevent CVD events and deaths, suggesting implementation is cost-effective. Implementation of the 2017 hypertension guideline is projected to substantially reduce CVD events and deaths in the USA but might increase the number of adverse events. Future research is needed to implement and scale up effective, equitable, and sustainable strategies for applying the new guideline in daily clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Risk Factors ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2057367-4
    ISSN 1534-3111 ; 1522-6417
    ISSN (online) 1534-3111
    ISSN 1522-6417
    DOI 10.1007/s11906-019-0980-5
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