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  1. Article ; Online: Microplastics in the Water Column of the Rhine River Near Basel: 22 Months of Sampling.

    Erni-Cassola, Gabriel / Dolf, Reto / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    Environmental science & technology

    2024  Volume 58, Issue 12, Page(s) 5491–5499

    Abstract: Measured microplastic concentrations in river surface waters fluctuate greatly. This variability is affected by season and is codriven by factors, such as sampling methodologies, sampling site, or sampling position within site. Unfortunately, most ... ...

    Abstract Measured microplastic concentrations in river surface waters fluctuate greatly. This variability is affected by season and is codriven by factors, such as sampling methodologies, sampling site, or sampling position within site. Unfortunately, most studies comprise single-instance measurements, whereas extended sampling periods are better suited to assessing the relevance of such factors. Moreover, microplastic concentrations in riverine water column remain underexplored. Similar to the oceans, however, this compartment likely holds significant amounts of microplastics. By representatively sampling the entire Rhine River cross-section near Basel through five sampling points over 22 months, we found a median microplastic (50-3000 μm) concentration of 4.48
    MeSH term(s) Microplastics ; Rivers ; Plastics ; Water ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/methods
    Chemical Substances Microplastics ; Plastics ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.3c08364
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Unveiling high concentrations of small microplastics (11-500 μm) in surface water samples from the southern Weddell Sea off Antarctica.

    Leistenschneider, Clara / Wu, Fangzhu / Primpke, Sebastian / Gerdts, Gunnar / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    The Science of the total environment

    2024  Volume 927, Page(s) 172124

    Abstract: Recent studies have highlighted the prevalence of microplastic (MP) pollution in the global marine environment and these pollutants have been found to contaminate even remote regions, including the Southern Ocean south of the polar front. Previous ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies have highlighted the prevalence of microplastic (MP) pollution in the global marine environment and these pollutants have been found to contaminate even remote regions, including the Southern Ocean south of the polar front. Previous studies in this region have mostly focused on MPs larger than 300 μm, potentially underestimating the extent of MP pollution. This study is the first to investigate MPs in marine surface waters south of the polar front, with a focus on small MPs 500-11 μm in size. Seventeen surface water samples were collected in the southern Weddell Sea using an in-house-designed sampling system. The analysis of the entire sample using micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μFTIR) with focal plane array (FPA) detection revealed the presence of MPs in all samples, with the vast majority of the MPs detected being smaller than 300 μm (98.3 %). The mean concentration reached 43.5 (± 83.8) MPs m
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-31
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172124
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Seasonal microplastics variation in nival and pluvial stretches of the Rhine River – From the Swiss catchment towards the North Sea

    Mani, Thomas / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    Science of the total environment. 2020 Mar. 10, v. 707

    2020  

    Abstract: Rivers are pivotal carriers of microplastic (MP) towards the oceans. Investigative data on MP pollution in rivers at specific timepoints is continuously compiled. However, such snapshot data can only roughly indicate the long-term extent of contamination ...

    Abstract Rivers are pivotal carriers of microplastic (MP) towards the oceans. Investigative data on MP pollution in rivers at specific timepoints is continuously compiled. However, such snapshot data can only roughly indicate the long-term extent of contamination and particle fluxes; modelling studies informed by this limited data are prone to large uncertainties. The present study sought to narrow this knowledge gap by examining the differences in MP concentrations, loads and compositions at three nival tributaries and the Rhine River in Basel, Switzerland, as well as two downstream pluvial Lower Rhine River locations in Germany over four seasons throughout 2016–2017. MP concentrations (>0.3 mm) correlated positively with average water discharge and catchment size of the evaluated stream locations and MP concentrations were significantly higher at the downstream pluvial than upstream nival sites. There was no coherent pattern in MP concentration fluctuations between seasons across the six sites investigated, and no correlation with recent precipitation. These findings suggest that temporal variations in MP fluxes towards the North Sea through the year are dominated by the different discharge regimes along the river course. This study also corroborates theoretical models that predict the highest MP loads move downstream the Rhine River during the European winter months.
    Keywords microplastics ; oceans ; rivers ; streams ; temporal variation ; theoretical models ; uncertainty ; water pollution ; watersheds ; winter ; Germany ; North Sea ; Rhine River ; Switzerland
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0310
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135579
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Impact of hydraulic forces on the passage of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), gudgeon (Gobio gobio) and bullhead (Cottus gobio) in a vertical slot fish pass

    Wiegleb, Joschka / Hirsch, Philipp E. / Seidel, Frank / Rauter, Georg / Burkhardt‐Holm, Patricia

    Ecology of Freshwater Fish. 2023 Apr., v. 32, no. 2 p.416-430

    2023  

    Abstract: Every fish migrating upstream through vertical slot fish passes must swim through slots, where the resistance force of flowing water could affect the passage success. We measured the hydraulic force acting on the body of preserved benthic fish in a ... ...

    Abstract Every fish migrating upstream through vertical slot fish passes must swim through slots, where the resistance force of flowing water could affect the passage success. We measured the hydraulic force acting on the body of preserved benthic fish in a vertical slot at different water discharge rates (80 and 130 L/s) to compare the hydraulic burden individual fish species (round goby Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1814, gudgeon Gobio gobio L. and bullhead Cottus gobio L.) must overcome. The forces measured in three spatial axes were then compared to acoustic Doppler velocity measurements and the passage probability of 39–45 live fish per species. Passage probability reduction of 28.26% for round goby and 39.29% for bullhead was observed at the higher water discharge. Gudgeon showed increased numbers of passages and approaches when larger hydraulic forces were experienced at 130 L/s compared to the lower water discharge. Gudgeon experienced significantly lower hydraulic forces (mean 0.27 N ± 0.12 standard deviation) compared to round goby (mean 0.32 N ± 0.12 SD) and bullhead (0.35 N ± 0.14 SD). Potentially, the increased hydraulic forces at the higher water discharge contributed to the reduction in passages in round goby and bullhead. That gudgeon behaved differently from the other species illustrates how fish species deal differently with flowing water and the hydraulic forces experienced. Our approach provides a species‐oriented assessment of the flow field in ecologically relevant fish passes. These findings represent an important step towards the development of purposeful fish pass designs, which is essential for ecosystem‐oriented river connectivity.
    Keywords Cottus gobio ; Gobio gobio ; Neogobius melanostomus ; acoustics ; ecology ; freshwater fish ; probability ; rivers ; standard deviation
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Size p. 416-430.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 913011-1
    ISSN 0906-6691
    ISSN 0906-6691
    DOI 10.1111/eff.12696
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Seasonal microplastics variation in nival and pluvial stretches of the Rhine River - From the Swiss catchment towards the North Sea.

    Mani, Thomas / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    The Science of the total environment

    2019  Volume 707, Page(s) 135579

    Abstract: Rivers are pivotal carriers of microplastic (MP) towards the oceans. Investigative data on MP pollution in rivers at specific timepoints is continuously compiled. However, such snapshot data can only roughly indicate the long-term extent of contamination ...

    Abstract Rivers are pivotal carriers of microplastic (MP) towards the oceans. Investigative data on MP pollution in rivers at specific timepoints is continuously compiled. However, such snapshot data can only roughly indicate the long-term extent of contamination and particle fluxes; modelling studies informed by this limited data are prone to large uncertainties. The present study sought to narrow this knowledge gap by examining the differences in MP concentrations, loads and compositions at three nival tributaries and the Rhine River in Basel, Switzerland, as well as two downstream pluvial Lower Rhine River locations in Germany over four seasons throughout 2016-2017. MP concentrations (>0.3 mm) correlated positively with average water discharge and catchment size of the evaluated stream locations and MP concentrations were significantly higher at the downstream pluvial than upstream nival sites. There was no coherent pattern in MP concentration fluctuations between seasons across the six sites investigated, and no correlation with recent precipitation. These findings suggest that temporal variations in MP fluxes towards the North Sea through the year are dominated by the different discharge regimes along the river course. This study also corroborates theoretical models that predict the highest MP loads move downstream the Rhine River during the European winter months.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135579
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Flow, force, behaviour: assessment of a prototype hydraulic barrier for invasive fish

    Wiegleb, Joschka / Hirsch, Philipp E. / Seidel, Frank / Rauter, Georg / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    Hydrobiologia. 2022 Feb., v. 849, no. 4

    2022  

    Abstract: Migration barriers being selective for invasive species could protect pristine upstream areas. We designed and tested a prototype protective barrier in a vertical slot fish pass. Based on the individuals’ swimming responses to the barrier flow field, we ... ...

    Abstract Migration barriers being selective for invasive species could protect pristine upstream areas. We designed and tested a prototype protective barrier in a vertical slot fish pass. Based on the individuals’ swimming responses to the barrier flow field, we assumed this barrier would block the ascension of the invasive round goby, but allow comparable native species (gudgeon and bullhead) to ascend. The barrier was tested in three steps: flow description, quantification of forces experienced by preserved fish in the flow field, and tracking the swimming trajectories of ca. 43 live fish per trial and species. The flow and the forces were homogenous over the barrier, though gudgeon experienced significantly smaller forces than round goby or bullhead. The swimming trajectories were distinct enough to predict the fish species with a random forest machine learning approach (92.16% accuracy for gudgeon and 85.24% for round goby). The trajectories revealed round goby and gudgeon exhibited increased, but varied, swimming speeds and straighter paths at higher water discharge. These results suggest that passage of round goby was prevented at 130 L/s water discharge, whereas gudgeon and bullhead could pass the barrier. Our findings open a new avenue of research on hydraulic constructions for species conservation.
    Keywords Neogobius melanostomus ; fish ; forestry equipment ; indigenous species ; invasive species ; prototypes
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 1001-1019.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 214428-1
    ISSN 1573-5117 ; 0018-8158
    ISSN (online) 1573-5117
    ISSN 0018-8158
    DOI 10.1007/s10750-021-04762-z
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  7. Article: Independence of microplastic ingestion from environmental load in the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) from the Rhine river using high quality standards

    Bosshart, Sophie / Erni-Cassola, Gabriel / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    Environmental pollution. 2020 Dec., v. 267

    2020  

    Abstract: Rivers play a crucial role in collecting and transporting microplastics. Nonetheless, the degree to which microplastic pollution of freshwaters affects its biota remains understudied. Sampling of wild fishes has so far demonstrated that microplastic ... ...

    Abstract Rivers play a crucial role in collecting and transporting microplastics. Nonetheless, the degree to which microplastic pollution of freshwaters affects its biota remains understudied. Sampling of wild fishes has so far demonstrated that microplastic ingestion occurs commonly across species with alternate feeding modes, as well as in different environmental compartments. Due to the exploratory nature of many preceding studies, drawing insight about factors driving microplastic ingestion has remained difficult. It continues unknown for instance, what the importance of varying environmental microplastic concentrations is to predict ingestion rates in fish from those areas. Here we show that ingestion rates of microplastic particles (>300 μm) in the benthic round goby from the Rhine river were negligible (1 particle in 417 fish). Among the 535 visually selected putative microplastic fragments, stringent data processing steps to reduce the number of false positives during reference library searches, revealed the importance of taking such steps into account in comparison with other data processing routines. Our observations remained consistent, despite having collected fish from a strongly polluted site of the lower Rhine, which served as contrast to a significantly cleaner site upstream. These results demonstrate that higher environmental microplastic concentrations are not necessarily mirrored by higher ingestion rates in a given fish species.
    Keywords Neogobius melanostomus ; ingestion ; libraries ; microplastics ; pollution ; Rhine River
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-12
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115664
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  8. Article ; Online: Independence of microplastic ingestion from environmental load in the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) from the Rhine river using high quality standards.

    Bosshart, Sophie / Erni-Cassola, Gabriel / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2020  Volume 267, Page(s) 115664

    Abstract: Rivers play a crucial role in collecting and transporting microplastics. Nonetheless, the degree to which microplastic pollution of freshwaters affects its biota remains understudied. Sampling of wild fishes has so far demonstrated that microplastic ... ...

    Abstract Rivers play a crucial role in collecting and transporting microplastics. Nonetheless, the degree to which microplastic pollution of freshwaters affects its biota remains understudied. Sampling of wild fishes has so far demonstrated that microplastic ingestion occurs commonly across species with alternate feeding modes, as well as in different environmental compartments. Due to the exploratory nature of many preceding studies, drawing insight about factors driving microplastic ingestion has remained difficult. It continues unknown for instance, what the importance of varying environmental microplastic concentrations is to predict ingestion rates in fish from those areas. Here we show that ingestion rates of microplastic particles (>300 μm) in the benthic round goby from the Rhine river were negligible (1 particle in 417 fish). Among the 535 visually selected putative microplastic fragments, stringent data processing steps to reduce the number of false positives during reference library searches, revealed the importance of taking such steps into account in comparison with other data processing routines. Our observations remained consistent, despite having collected fish from a strongly polluted site of the lower Rhine, which served as contrast to a significantly cleaner site upstream. These results demonstrate that higher environmental microplastic concentrations are not necessarily mirrored by higher ingestion rates in a given fish species.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biota ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fishes ; Fresh Water ; Perciformes ; Plastics ; Rivers ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Plastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115664
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Low microplastic abundance in Siganus spp. from the Tañon Strait, Central Philippines.

    Paler, Maria Kristina O / Leistenschneider, Clara / Migo, Veronica / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2021  Volume 284, Page(s) 117166

    Abstract: Microplastic (MP) occurrence is a major global issue, though data on MP occurrence in the Philippines is limited and the potential effects of MPs on biota are still poorly studied. MP occurrence in fishes remains a concern, especially in economically and ...

    Abstract Microplastic (MP) occurrence is a major global issue, though data on MP occurrence in the Philippines is limited and the potential effects of MPs on biota are still poorly studied. MP occurrence in fishes remains a concern, especially in economically and ecologically important species such as Siganus spp. This study determined MP occurrence in the gastrointestinal tract of wild rabbit fishes from Tañon Strait, the largest marine protected area in the Philippines. Siganus canaliculatus (n = 65), S. spinus (n = 17), S. guttatus (n = 5), S. virgatus (n = 8) and S. punctatus (n = 1) were sampled from the north and south of the strait. All MPs isolated from the gut of the rabbit fishes except for fibers were chemically analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy; an established library was used to determine the polymeric identities. Five particles were confirmed as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene or phenoxy resin MPs. The average MP abundance was 0.05 items/individual (S. virgatus > S. guttatus > S. canaliculatus > S. spinus = S. punctatus), which is comparable to studies conducted in other locations using similar methods. Fibers were counted (1556 in total), but not chemically analyzed. The low MP abundance in the samples may be attributed to the capability of rabbit fishes to discriminate food preferences. However, the risks associated with MPs should not be underestimated, especially as all parts of the fishes-including the gut-are utilized as human foods in the Philippines and many other Asian countries.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Asia ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fishes ; Microplastics ; Philippines ; Plastics ; Rabbits ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    Chemical Substances Microplastics ; Plastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117166
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  10. Article: Microplastics in the Weddell Sea (Antarctica): A Forensic Approach for Discrimination between Environmental and Vessel-Induced Microplastics

    Leistenschneider, Clara / Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia / Mani, Thomas / Primpke, Sebastian / Taubner, Heidi / Gerdts, Gunnar

    Environmental science & technology. 2021 Nov. 29, v. 55, no. 23

    2021  

    Abstract: Microplastic (MP) pollution has been found in the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, but many local regions within this vast area remain uninvestigated. The remote Weddell Sea contributes to the global thermohaline circulation, and one of the two ... ...

    Abstract Microplastic (MP) pollution has been found in the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, but many local regions within this vast area remain uninvestigated. The remote Weddell Sea contributes to the global thermohaline circulation, and one of the two Antarctic gyres is located in that region. In the present study, we evaluate MP (>300 μm) concentration and composition in surface (n = 34) and subsurface water samples (n = 79, ∼11.2 m depth) of the Weddell Sea. All putative MP were analyzed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. MP was found in 65% of surface and 11.4% of subsurface samples, with mean (±standard deviation (SD)) concentrations of 0.01 (±0.01 SD) MP m–³ and 0.04 (±0.1 SD) MP m–³, respectively, being within the range of previously reported values for regions south of the Polar Front. Additionally, we aimed to determine whether identified paint fragments (n = 394) derive from the research vessel. Environmentally sampled fragments (n = 101) with similar ATR-FTIR spectra to reference paints from the research vessel and fresh paint references generated in the laboratory were further subjected to micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF) to compare their elemental composition. This revealed that 45.5% of all recovered MP derived from vessel-induced contamination. However, 11% of the measured fragments could be distinguished from the reference paints via their elemental composition. This study demonstrates that differentiation based purely on visual characteristics and FTIR spectroscopy might not be sufficient for accurately determining sample contamination sources.
    Keywords Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; elemental composition ; fluorescence emission spectroscopy ; forensic sciences ; microplastics ; pollution ; technology ; Antarctic region ; Antarctica
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-1129
    Size p. 15900-15911.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c05207
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