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  1. Article ; Online: A Review of the Impact That Healthcare Risk Waste Treatment Technologies Have on the Environment.

    Zikhathile, Thobile / Atagana, Harrison / Bwapwa, Joseph / Sawtell, David

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 19

    Abstract: Health-Care Risk Waste (HCRW) treatment protects the environment and lives. HCRW is waste from patient diagnostics, immunization, surgery, and therapy. HCRW must be treated before disposal since it pollutes, spreads illnesses, and causes harm. However, ... ...

    Abstract Health-Care Risk Waste (HCRW) treatment protects the environment and lives. HCRW is waste from patient diagnostics, immunization, surgery, and therapy. HCRW must be treated before disposal since it pollutes, spreads illnesses, and causes harm. However, waste treatment increases the healthcare sector's carbon footprint, making the healthcare sector a major contributor to anthropogenic climate change. This is because treating HCRW pollutes the environment and requires a lot of energy. Treating HCRW is crucial, but its risks are not well-studied. Unintentionally, treating HCRW leads to climate change. Due to frequent climate-related disasters, present climate-change mitigation strategies are insufficient. All sectors, including healthcare, must act to mitigate and prevent future harms. Healthcare can reduce its carbon footprint to help the environment. All contributing elements must be investigated because healthcare facilities contribute to climate change. We start by evaluating the environmental impact of different HCRW treatment technologies and suggesting strategies to make treatments more sustainable, cost-effective, and reliable to lower the carbon footprint.
    MeSH term(s) Carbon Footprint ; Climate Change ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Waste Management
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph191911967
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: The Treatment Effect of Chemical Coagulation Process in South African Brewery Wastewater: Comparison of Polyamine and Aluminum-Chlorohydrate coagulants

    Shabangu, Khaya Pearlman / Bakare, Babatunde Femi / Bwapwa, Joseph Kapuku

    Water. 2022 Aug. 13, v. 14, no. 16

    2022  

    Abstract: An evaluation of a laboratory scale chemical coagulation using aluminium chlorohydrate (1%) and polyamine (1%) coagulants on its effectiveness in the removal of bulk inert pollutant contents such as particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity ... ...

    Abstract An evaluation of a laboratory scale chemical coagulation using aluminium chlorohydrate (1%) and polyamine (1%) coagulants on its effectiveness in the removal of bulk inert pollutant contents such as particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity to obtain clean effluent discharge and most cost-effectively treated effluent using a jar test was conducted in this current study. This study aimed to find the viable inert removal coagulant between the two above-mentioned coagulants in order to achieve zero liquid effluent discharge (ZLED). The preliminary results showed that adding variable dosages of polyamine and 50% aluminium chlorohydrate combined coagulants dosages presented an improved particulate chemical oxygen demand, color, and turbidity removal efficiencies. The ascertained turbidity removal efficiency using the combined coagulation dosage of polyamine–aluminium chlorohydrate (PAC) treatment was 90.50% and 59.36% particulate chemcial oxygen demand removal, as comparable to polyamine alone with particulate chemical oxygen demand removal of 50% and turbidity of 75%. Likewise, an appreciable removal efficacy was observed as the aluminium chlorohydrate treatment alone was for particulate chemical oxygen demand and turbidity was 37% and 54%, respectively. In essence, this study emphasized the knowledge gap of the significant effect of the polymeric polyamine flocculant strength in adopting the combined coagulation dosage method to improve its coagulation efficiency and the high agglomeration on suspended solids, thereby, removing more of the unwanted inert contents from brewery wastewater. To determine zero liquid effluent discharge, this study clearly recommended an integrated treatment approach, microbial fuel cell integrated with a lab scale chemical coagulation technique for efficient non-biodegradable pollutant removal.
    Keywords aluminum ; chemical oxygen demand ; coagulants ; coagulation ; color ; flocculants ; liquids ; microbial fuel cells ; oxygen ; pollutants ; pollution control ; polyamines ; polymers ; turbidity ; wastewater ; water
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0813
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2521238-2
    ISSN 2073-4441
    ISSN 2073-4441
    DOI 10.3390/w14162495
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Structural Insight into the Binding of Cyanovirin-N with the Spike Glycoprotein, M

    Naidoo, Devashan / Kar, Pallab / Roy, Ayan / Mutanda, Taurai / Bwapwa, Joseph / Sen, Arnab / Anandraj, Akash

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 26, Issue 17

    Abstract: The emergence of COVID-19 continues to pose severe threats to global public health. The pandemic has infected over 171 million people and claimed more than 3.5 million lives to date. We investigated the binding potential of antiviral cyanobacterial ... ...

    Abstract The emergence of COVID-19 continues to pose severe threats to global public health. The pandemic has infected over 171 million people and claimed more than 3.5 million lives to date. We investigated the binding potential of antiviral cyanobacterial proteins including cyanovirin-N, scytovirin and phycocyanin with fundamental proteins involved in attachment and replication of SARS-CoV-2. Cyanovirin-N displayed the highest binding energy scores (-16.8 ± 0.02 kcal/mol, -12.3 ± 0.03 kcal/mol and -13.4 ± 0.02 kcal/mol, respectively) with the spike protein, the main protease (M
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacterial Proteins/pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/therapeutic use ; Bacterial Proteins/ultrastructure ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; COVID-19/virology ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/metabolism ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/ultrastructure ; Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases/metabolism ; Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases/ultrastructure ; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Mapping ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/antagonists & inhibitors ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/ultrastructure ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; cyanovirin N (184539-38-6) ; 3C-like proteinase, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases (EC 3.4.22.2) ; papain-like protease, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 3.4.22.2) ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases (EC 3.4.22.28)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules26175114
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Treatment Efficiency of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Treating Low Biodegradable and Complex Particulate Wastewater (blackwater) in an ABR Membrane Bioreactor Unit(MBR-ABR)

    Bwapwa, Joseph K.

    International Journal of Environmental Pollution and Remediation

    Issue (1)

    Document type Article
    Database AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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