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Article ; Online: Introduction to the special issue of Geographica Helvetica

I. Gärtner-Roer / C. Graf

Geographica Helvetica, Vol 75, Pp 135-

“Different approaches to landform monitoring”

2020 Volume 137

Keywords	Human ecology. Anthropogeography ; GF1-900 ; Geography (General) ; G1-922 ; Cartography ; GA101-1776
Language	German
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Variable hydrograph inputs for a numerical debris-flow runout model

A. Mitchell / S. Zubrycky / S. McDougall / J. Aaron / M. Jacquemart / J. Hübl / R. Kaitna / C. Graf

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol 22, Pp 1627-

2022 Volume 1654

Abstract: Debris flows affect people and infrastructure around the world, and as a result, many numerical models and modelling approaches have been developed to simulate their impacts. Observations from instrumented debris-flow channels show that variability in ... ...

Abstract	Debris flows affect people and infrastructure around the world, and as a result, many numerical models and modelling approaches have been developed to simulate their impacts. Observations from instrumented debris-flow channels show that variability in inflow depth, velocity, and discharge in real debris flows is much higher than what is typically used in numerical simulations. However, the effect of this natural variability on numerical model outputs is not well known. In this study, we examine the effects of using complex inflow time series within a single-phase runout model utilizing a Voellmy flow-resistance model. The interactions between model topography and flow resistance were studied first using a simple triangular hydrograph, which showed that simulated discharges change because of local slopes and Voellmy parameters. Next, more complex inflows were tested using time series based on 24 real debris-flow hydrographs initiated from three locations. We described a simple method to scale inflow hydrographs by defining a target event volume and maximum allowable peak discharge. The results showed a large variation in simulated flow depths and velocities arising from the variable inflow. The effects of variable-inflow conditions were demonstrated in simulations of two case histories of real debris flows, where the variation in inflow leads to significant variations in the simulation outputs. The real debris-flow hydrographs were used to provide an indication of the range of impacts that may result from the natural variability in inflow conditions. These results demonstrate that variation in inflow conditions can lead to reasonable estimates of the potential variation in impacts.
Keywords	Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ; TD1-1066 ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
Subject code	621 ; 333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A prospective cohort study about the effect of repeated living high and working higher on cerebral autoregulation in unacclimatized lowlanders

Laura C. Graf / Sara E. Hartmann / Mona Lichtblau / Lara Muralt / Patrick R. Bader / Ivan Lopez / Jean M. Rawling / Silvia Ulrich / Konrad E. Bloch / Marc J. Poulin / Michael Furian

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is impaired during acute high-altitude (HA) exposure, however, effects of temporarily living high and working higher on CA require further investigation. In 18 healthy lowlanders (11 women), we hypothesized that the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is impaired during acute high-altitude (HA) exposure, however, effects of temporarily living high and working higher on CA require further investigation. In 18 healthy lowlanders (11 women), we hypothesized that the cerebral autoregulation index (ARI) assessed by the percentage change in middle cerebral artery peak blood velocity (Δ%MCAv)/percentage change in mean arterial blood pressure (Δ%MAP) induced by a sit-to-stand maneuver, is (i) reduced on Day1 at 5050 m compared to 520 m, (ii) is improved after 6 days at 5050 m, and (iii) is less impaired during re-exposure to 5050 m after 7 days at 520 m compared to Cycle1. Participants spent 4-8 h/day at 5050 m and slept at 2900 m similar to real-life working shifts. High/low ARI indicate impaired/intact CA, respectively. With the sit-to-stand at 520 m, mean (95% CI) in ΔMAP and ΔMCAv were − 26% (− 41 to − 10) and − 13% (− 19 to − 7), P < 0.001 both comparisons; mean ± SD in ARI was 0.58 ± 2.44Δ%/Δ%, respectively. On Day1 at 5050 m, ARI worsened compared to 520 m (3.29 ± 2.42Δ%/Δ%), P = 0.006 but improved with acclimatization (1.44 ± 2.43Δ%/Δ%, P = 0.039). ARI was less affected during re-exposure to 5050 m (1.22 ± 2.52Δ%/Δ%, P = 0.027 altitude-induced change between sojourns). This study showed that CA (i) is impaired during acute HA exposure, (ii) improves with living high, working higher and (iii) is ameliorated during re-exposure to HA.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Methods for detecting channel bed surface changes in a mountain torrent – experiences from the Dorfbach torrent

C. Willi / C. Graf / Y. Deubelbeiss / M. Keiler

Geographica Helvetica, Vol 70, Iss 4, Pp 265-

2015 Volume 279

Abstract: The erosion of and depositions on channel bed surfaces are instrumental to understanding debris flow processes. We present an overview of existing field methods and highlight their respective advantages and disadvantages. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), ...

Abstract	The erosion of and depositions on channel bed surfaces are instrumental to understanding debris flow processes. We present an overview of existing field methods and highlight their respective advantages and disadvantages. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), airborne laser scanning (ALS), erosion sensors, cross sections (CS) and geomorphological mapping are compared. Additionally, two of these approaches (i.e. TLS and CS) are tested and applied in the channel reaches of the torrent catchments. The results of the comparison indicate that the methods are associated with variable temporal and spatial resolution as well as data quality and invested effort. TLS data were able to quantify small-scale variations of erosion and deposition volumes. While the same changes could be detected with CS and geomorphological mapping, it was only possible with lower precision and coarser spatial resolution. The study presents a range of potential methods that can be applied accordingly to address the objectives and to support the analyses of specific applications. The availability of erosion data, acquired mainly by TLS and ALS, in combination with debris-flow monitoring data, provides promising sources of information to further support torrent risk management.
Keywords	Human ecology. Anthropogeography ; GF1-900 ; Geography (General) ; G1-922 ; Cartography ; GA101-1776
Subject code	910
Language	German
Publishing date	2015-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Uso y prescripción de cannabis medicinal por reumatólogos en Argentina

Darío Scublinsky / K. Kirmayr / M. Ink / F. Ibelli / C. Graf / R. Lanza / M. R. González Negri / C. Damin

Revista Argentina de Reumatología, Vol 31, Iss

2020 Volume 4

Abstract: El uso y prescripción del cannabis y sus derivados en Reumatología está aún en discusión. La ley de cannabis fue sancionada hace casi 3 años, aunque la reglamentación recién está comenzando. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la forma en que el ... ...

Abstract	El uso y prescripción del cannabis y sus derivados en Reumatología está aún en discusión. La ley de cannabis fue sancionada hace casi 3 años, aunque la reglamentación recién está comenzando. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la forma en que el reumatólogo se posiciona frente al uso de cannabis en el marco de su práctica médica. A través de una encuesta realizada durante el Congreso Argentino de Reumatología 2019 se recabó la opinión de 314 médicos que respondieron preguntas acerca del uso, recomendaciones y posturas respecto a la indicación y uso de cannabinoides en su práctica diaria.
Keywords	prescripción ; uso ; canabbis ; reumatología ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sociedad Argentina de Reumatologia
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Metabolite activity in the anterior cingulate cortex during a painful stimulus using functional MRS

J. Archibald / E. L. MacMillan / C. Graf / P. Kozlowski / C. Laule / J. L. K. Kramer

Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 12

Abstract: Abstract To understand neurochemical brain responses to pain, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is used in humans in vivo to examine various metabolites. Recent MRS investigations have adopted a functional approach, where acquisitions of ... ...

Abstract	Abstract To understand neurochemical brain responses to pain, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is used in humans in vivo to examine various metabolites. Recent MRS investigations have adopted a functional approach, where acquisitions of MRS are performed over time to track task-related changes. Previous studies suggest glutamate is of primary interest, as it may play a role during cortical processing of noxious stimuli. The objective of this study was to examine the metabolic effect (i.e., glutamate) in the anterior cingulate cortex during noxious stimulation using fMRS. The analysis addressed changes in glutamate and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) associated with the onset of pain, and the degree by which fluctuations in metabolites corresponded with continuous pain outcomes. Results suggest healthy participants undergoing tonic noxious stimulation demonstrated increased concentrations of glutamate and Glx at the onset of pain. Subsequent reports of pain were not accompanied by corresponding changes in glutamate of Glx concentrations. An exploratory analysis on sex revealed large effect size changes in glutamate at pain onset in female participants, compared with medium-sized effects in male participants. We propose a role for glutamate in the ACC related to the detection of a noxious stimulus.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Modeling debris-flow runout patterns on two alpine fans with different dynamic simulation models

K. Schraml / B. Thomschitz / B. W. McArdell / C. Graf / R. Kaitna

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol 15, Iss 7, Pp 1483-

2015 Volume 1492

Abstract: Predicting potential deposition areas of future debris-flow events is important for engineering hazard assessment in alpine regions. To this end, numerical simulation models are commonly used tools. However, knowledge of appropriate model parameters is ... ...

Abstract	Predicting potential deposition areas of future debris-flow events is important for engineering hazard assessment in alpine regions. To this end, numerical simulation models are commonly used tools. However, knowledge of appropriate model parameters is essential but often not available. In this study we use two numerical simulation models, RAMMS–DF (rapid mass movement system–debris-flow) and DAN3D (dynamic analysis of landslides in three dimensions), to back-calculate two well-documented debris-flow events in Austria and to compare the range and sensitivity of input parameters for the Voellmy flow model. All simulations are based on the same digital elevation models and similar boundary conditions. Our results show that observed deposition patterns are best matched with a parameter set of μ [–] and ξ [m s -2 ], ranging between 0.07 to 0.11 and 200 to 300 m s -2 , respectively, for RAMMS–DF, and between 0.07 to 0.08 and 300 to 400 m s -2 , respectively, for DAN3D. Sensitivity analysis shows a higher sensitivity of model parameters for the DAN3D model than for the RAMMS–DF model. This contributes to the evaluation of realistic model parameters for simulation of debris-flows in steep mountain catchments and highlights the sensitivity of the models.
Keywords	Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ; TD1-1066 ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Experimentelle Erkundung von Wildbächen, Murgängen, Hangrutschungen und Steinschlag

M. Stähli / C. Graf / C. Scheidl / C. R. Wyss / A. Volkwein

Geographica Helvetica, Vol 70, Iss 1, Pp 1-

Aktuelle Beispiele der WSL

2015 Volume 9

Abstract: Experimente werden oft als selbstverständlicher Bestandteil der Erforschung von Massenbewegungen betrachtet. Häufig sind wir uns jedoch nicht bewusst, was genau die Rolle der Experimente in der ganzen Wissensbildung und der Anwendung für die Praxis ist. ... ...

Abstract	Experimente werden oft als selbstverständlicher Bestandteil der Erforschung von Massenbewegungen betrachtet. Häufig sind wir uns jedoch nicht bewusst, was genau die Rolle der Experimente in der ganzen Wissensbildung und der Anwendung für die Praxis ist. Der vorliegende Artikel soll dies anhand von aktuellen Beispielen der Eidg. Forschungsanstalt WSL aufzeigen. Ein Laborexperiment zur Frage der Kurvenüberhöhung von Murgängen erlaubt einen detaillierten Einblick in einen Vorgang, den man natürlicherweise im Feld nie gewinnen könnte. Ein Laborrinnenexperiment ermöglicht die Generalisierung von Methoden und Beobachtungen zum Sedimenttransport in Fliessgewässern. Ein Steinschlag-Experiment stellt eine essentielle Test-Grundlage für einen neu-entwickelten Messsensor dar, und ein Hangrutschexperiment liefert in mehrfacher Hinsicht grundlegende Informationen zur Entwicklung numerischer Modelle. Die gemeinsame Erkenntnis aller vorgestellten WSL-Forschungsarbeiten ist, dass Experimente eine unabdingbare Brückenfunktion zwischen der reinen Beobachtung (Monitoring), der Verbesserung des Prozessverständnisses und schlussendlich der numerischen Modellierung ausüben.
Keywords	Human ecology. Anthropogeography ; GF1-900 ; Geography (General) ; G1-922 ; Cartography ; GA101-1776
Language	German
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Iraq and the United Nations, Post-War and Pre-Peace

H.C. Graf Von Sponeck

Essex Human Rights Review , Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 87-

The Dilemma of the Future

2005 Volume 98

Abstract: Over the course of a decade, Iraq suffered a dictatorship, the most comprehensive economic andmilitary sanctions regime in the history of the United Nations, and two wars. All these factorscontributed towards a humanitarian crisis in one of the ... ...

Abstract	Over the course of a decade, Iraq suffered a dictatorship, the most comprehensive economic andmilitary sanctions regime in the history of the United Nations, and two wars. All these factorscontributed towards a humanitarian crisis in one of the previously most developed and richestcountries in the region, with a well-educated and wealthy population, as well as triggeringeconomic and social setbacks which considerably weakened the country’s infrastructure. Thisarticle will examine the far-reaching and long lasting consequences this sanctions regime had onthe civilian population. It will also examine how certain states thought that such sanctions werenecessary in the name of international peace and security despite their negative humanitarianconsequences. The article goes on to identify the institutional failings which contributed towardssuch a policy, and suggests ways in which alternative approaches could be adopted. Some ideasare presented which could possibly help to avoid similar humanitarian crises in future conflicts.
Keywords	Iraq ; humanitaran crises ; UN ; Political science (General) ; JA1-92 ; Political science ; J ; DOAJ:Political Science ; DOAJ:Law and Political Science
Subject code	320
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Essex Human Rights Centre
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book: Ein anderer Krieg

Sponeck, Hans-C. Graf

das Sanktionsregime der UNO im Irak

2005

Abstract: Als Irak-Experte, der von 1998 bis 2000 das Programm "Öl für Lebensmittel" als UN-Mitarbeiter in Bagdad koordinierte, analysiert Hans-C. Graf Sponeck sowohl diese Intervention als auch die in diesem Rahmen verhängten Sanktionen sowie die Polititk der ... ...

Institution	United Nations / Security Council
Author's details	Hans-C. Sponeck. Aus dem Engl. von Michael Bayer
Abstract	Als Irak-Experte, der von 1998 bis 2000 das Programm "Öl für Lebensmittel" als UN-Mitarbeiter in Bagdad koordinierte, analysiert Hans-C. Graf Sponeck sowohl diese Intervention als auch die in diesem Rahmen verhängten Sanktionen sowie die Polititk der Diktatur im Irak und liefert eine ebenso kenntnisreiche wie luzide Kritik. Im Zentrum des Buches steht die Frage, wie sich die ökonomischen Sanktionen auf das alltägliche Leben im Irak auswirkten. Wem nützte das Programm wirklich? Welche Rolle spielte der Sicherheitsrat und in ihm die einzelnen Mitgliedstaaten? Und gab und gibt es Alternativen zur Irak-Politik der UN? Bei der Beantwortung dieser Fragen greift Graf Sponeck auf bislang unveröffentlichte interne UN-Dokumente zurück. Auf der Basis dieses Materials und nach Auswertung von zahlreichen Gesprächen mit irakischen Politikern (darunter Saddam Hussein), UN-Entscheidungsträgern (wie Generalsekretär Kofi Annan), Mitgliedern des UN-Sicherheitsrates und vor allem mit der vor Ort betroffenen irakischen Bevölkerung ist es dem Autor möglich, ein detailliertes Bild der Sanktionspolitik und ihrer Folgen sowie der innenpolitschen Lage zu zeichnen.
Keywords	Wirtschaftssanktion ; Auswirkung ; Bevölkerung ; Irak ; Humanitäre Hilfe ; Irakkrieg <2003> ; Krieg ; Menschenrechte ; UN ; Vereinte Nationen
Language	German
Size	364 S., Ill., graph. Darst., Kt., 24 cm
Edition	1. Aufl.
Publisher	Hamburger Ed
Publishing place	Hamburg
Document type	Book
Note	Literaturangaben
ISBN	3936096562 ; 9783936096569
Database	Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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