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Article ; Online: Anorectal sexually transmitted infections. An infradiagnosticated epidemic.

Cabello, Alfonso / Górgolas, Miguel

2018 Volume 152, Issue 3, Page(s) 102–103

Title translation	Infecciones de transmisión sexual anorrectales. Una epidemia infradiagnosticada.
MeSH term(s)	Anal Canal ; Coinfection ; HIV Infections ; Humans ; Rectum ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2018-08-23
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	411607-0
ISSN	1578-8989 ; 0025-7753
ISSN (online)	1578-8989
ISSN	0025-7753
DOI	10.1016/j.medcli.2018.07.002
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Article ; Online: Syphilis. Status of a current epidemic.

Cabello, Alfonso / Górgolas, Miguel

Medicina clinica

2017 Volume 149, Issue 12, Page(s) 540–541

Title translation	Sífilis. Realidad de una epidemia actual.
MeSH term(s)	Disease Outbreaks ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Syphilis/epidemiology ; Tertiary Care Centers
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2017-09-01
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	411607-0
ISSN	1578-8989 ; 0025-7753
ISSN (online)	1578-8989
ISSN	0025-7753
DOI	10.1016/j.medcli.2017.07.008
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Article ; Online: A specific natural killer cells phenotypic signature associated to long term elite control of HIV infection.

Rallón, Norma / Jiménez-Carretero, Daniel / Restrepo, Clara / Ligos, José M / Valentín-Quiroga, Jaime / Mahillo, Ignacio / Cabello, Alfonso / López-Collazo, Eduardo / Sánchez-Cabo, Fátima / Górgolas, Miguel / Estrada, Vicente / Benito, José M

Journal of medical virology

2024 Volume 96, Issue 5, Page(s) e29646

Abstract: Elite controllers (ECs) are an exceptional group of people living with HIV (PLWH) that control HIV replication without therapy. Among the mechanisms involved in this ability, natural killer (NK)-cells have recently gained much attention. We performed an ... ...

Abstract	Elite controllers (ECs) are an exceptional group of people living with HIV (PLWH) that control HIV replication without therapy. Among the mechanisms involved in this ability, natural killer (NK)-cells have recently gained much attention. We performed an in-deep phenotypic analysis of NK-cells to search for surrogate markers associated with the long term spontaneous control of HIV. Forty-seven PLWH (22 long-term EC [PLWH-long-term elite controllers (LTECs)], 15 noncontrollers receiving antiretroviral treatment [ART] [PLWH-onART], and 10 noncontrollers cART-naïve [PLWH-offART]), and 20 uninfected controls were included. NK-cells homeostasis was analyzed by spectral flow cytometry using a panel of 15 different markers. Data were analyzed using FCSExpress and R software for unsupervised multidimensional analysis. Six different subsets of NK-cells were defined on the basis of CD16 and CD56 expression, and the multidimensional analysis revealed the existence of 68 different NK-cells clusters based on the expression levels of the 15 different markers. PLWH-offART presented the highest disturbance of NK-cells homeostasis and this was not completely restored by long-term ART. Interestingly, long term spontaneous control of HIV (PLWH-LTEC group) was associated with a specific profile of NK-cells homeostasis disturbance, characterized by an increase of CD16
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/virology ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Flow Cytometry ; HIV Long-Term Survivors ; CD56 Antigen/analysis ; Biomarkers ; Immunophenotyping ; Receptors, IgG ; Phenotype ; HIV-1/immunology ; GPI-Linked Proteins
Chemical Substances	CD56 Antigen ; Biomarkers ; Receptors, IgG ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; FCGR3B protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	752392-0
ISSN	1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
ISSN (online)	1096-9071
ISSN	0146-6615
DOI	10.1002/jmv.29646
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Article ; Online: Trypanosoma Cruzi

Herreros-Cabello, Alfonso / Callejas-Hernández, Francisco / Gironès, Núria / Fresno, Manuel

Genes

2020 Volume 11, Issue 10

Abstract: Chagas disease caused by the ... ...

Abstract	Chagas disease caused by the parasite
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chagas Disease/genetics ; Chagas Disease/parasitology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genome, Protozoan ; Humans ; Multigene Family ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics ; Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification
Chemical Substances	Protozoan Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes11101196
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Article ; Online: The Complete Mitochondrial DNA of

Callejas-Hernández, Francisco / Herreros-Cabello, Alfonso / Del Moral-Salmoral, Javier / Fresno, Manuel / Gironès, Núria

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

2021 Volume 11, Page(s) 672448

Abstract: The mitochondrial DNA of Trypanosomatids, known as the kinetoplast DNA or kDNA or mtDNA, consists of a few maxicircles and thousands of minicircles concatenated together into a huge complex network. These structures present species-specific sizes, from ... ...

Abstract	The mitochondrial DNA of Trypanosomatids, known as the kinetoplast DNA or kDNA or mtDNA, consists of a few maxicircles and thousands of minicircles concatenated together into a huge complex network. These structures present species-specific sizes, from 20 to 40 Kb in maxicircles and from 0.5 to 10 Kb in minicircles. Maxicircles are equivalent to other eukaryotic mitochondrial DNAs, while minicircles contain coding guide RNAs involved in U-insertion/deletion editing processes exclusive of Trypanosomatids that produce the maturation of the maxicircle-encoded transcripts. The knowledge about this mitochondrial genome is especially relevant since the expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation must be coordinated. In
MeSH term(s)	Base Sequence ; DNA, Kinetoplast/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA, Kinetoplast ; DNA, Mitochondrial
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2619676-1
ISSN	2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
ISSN (online)	2235-2988
ISSN	2235-2988
DOI	10.3389/fcimb.2021.672448
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Article: Trypanosoma Cruzi Genome: Organization, Multi-Gene Families, Transcription, and Biological Implications

Herreros-Cabello, Alfonso / Callejas-Hernández, Francisco / Gironès, Núria / Fresno, Manuel

Genes. 2020 Oct. 14, v. 11, no. 10

2020

Abstract: Chagas disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi affects millions of people. Although its first genome dates from 2005, its complexity hindered a complete assembly and annotation. However, the new sequencing methods have improved genome annotation ...

Abstract	Chagas disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi affects millions of people. Although its first genome dates from 2005, its complexity hindered a complete assembly and annotation. However, the new sequencing methods have improved genome annotation of some strains elucidating the broad genetic diversity and complexity of this parasite. Here, we reviewed the genomic structure and regulation, the genetic diversity, and the analysis of the principal multi-gene families of the recent genomes for several strains. The telomeric and sub-telomeric regions are sites with high recombination events, the genome displays two different compartments, the core and the disruptive, and the genome plasticity seems to play a key role in the survival and the infection process. Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) genome is composed mainly of multi-gene families as the trans-sialidases, mucins, and mucin-associated surface proteins. Trans-sialidases are the most abundant genes in the genome and show an important role in the effectiveness of the infection and the parasite survival. Mucins and MASPs are also important glycosylated proteins of the surface of the parasite that play a major biological role in both insect and mammal-dwelling stages. Altogether, these studies confirm the complexity of T. cruzi genome revealing relevant concepts to better understand Chagas disease.
Keywords	Chagas disease ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; genetic variation ; genomics ; glycosylation ; insects ; mucins ; parasites ; telomeres
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1014
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes11101196
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Article ; Online: High frequency of CD8 escape mutations in elite controllers as new obstacle for HIV cure.

Navarrete-Muñoz, María A / Ramos, Ricardo / Holguín, África / Cabello, Alfonso / Górgolas, Miguel / Benito, José M / Rallón, Norma

Virulence

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 1713–1719

Abstract: Accumulation of mutations in epitopes of cytolytic- ... T ... -lymphocytes immune response (CTL) in HIV-reservoir seems to be one of the reasons for shock-and-kill strategy failure. Ten non-controller patients on successful cART (TX) and seven elite ... ...

Abstract	Accumulation of mutations in epitopes of cytolytic-T-lymphocytes immune response (CTL) in HIV-reservoir seems to be one of the reasons for shock-and-kill strategy failure. Ten non-controller patients on successful cART (TX) and seven elite controllers (EC) were included. HIV-Gag gene from purified resting memory CD4+ T-cells was sequenced by Next-Generation-Sequencing. HLA class-I alleles were typed to predict optimal HIV-Gag CTL epitopes. For each subject, the frequency of mutated epitopes in the HIV-Gag gene, the proportion of them considered as CTL-escape variants as well as their effect on antigen recognition by HLA were assessed. The proportion (%) of mutated HIV-Gag CTL epitopes in the reservoir was high and similar in EC and TX (86%[50-100] and 57%[48-82] respectively, p=0.315). Many of them were predicted to negatively impact antigen recognition. Moreover, the proportion of mutated epitopes considered to be CTL-escape variants was also similar in TX and EC (77%[49-92] vs. 50%[33-75] respectively, p=0.117). Thus, the most relevant finding of our study was the high and similar proportions of HIV-Gag CTL-escape mutations in the reservoir of both HIV-noncontroller patients with cART (TX) and patients with spontaneous HIV-control (EC). Our findings suggest that escape mutations of CTL-response may be another obstacle to eliminate the HIV reservoir and constitute a proof of concept that challenges HIV cure strategies focused on the reactivation of reservoirs. Due to the small sample size that could impact the robustness of the study, further studies with larger cohorts of elite controller patients are needed to confirm these results.
MeSH term(s)	Elite Controllers ; Epitopes ; HIV Infections ; HIV-1/genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics
Chemical Substances	Epitopes ; gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2657572-3
ISSN	2150-5608 ; 2150-5594
ISSN (online)	2150-5608
ISSN	2150-5594
DOI	10.1080/21505594.2022.2129353
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Article ; Online: Comparative proteomic analysis of trypomastigotes from Trypanosoma cruzi strains with different pathogenicity.

Herreros-Cabello, Alfonso / Callejas-Hernández, Francisco / Fresno, Manuel / Gironès, Núria

Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases

2019 Volume 76, Page(s) 104041

Abstract: Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the most neglected diseases in Latin America, being currently a global health problem. Its immunopathogenesis is still quite unknown. Moreover, there are important differences in ... ...

Abstract	Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the most neglected diseases in Latin America, being currently a global health problem. Its immunopathogenesis is still quite unknown. Moreover, there are important differences in pathogenicity between some different T. cruzi strains. For example, in mice, Y strain produces a high acute lethality while VFRA remains in the host mostly in a chronic manner. Comparative proteomic studies between T. cruzi strains represent a complement for transcriptomics and may allow the detection of relevant factors or distinctive functions. Here for the first time, we compared the proteome of trypomastigotes from 2 strains, Y and VFRA, analyzed by mass spectrometry. Gene ontology analysis were used to display similarities or differences in cellular components, biological processes and molecular functions. Also, we performed metabolic pathways enrichment analysis to detect the most relevant pathways in each strain. Although in general they have similar profiles in the different ontology groups, there were some particular interesting differences. Moreover, there were around 10% of different proteins between Y and VFRA strains, that were shared by other T. cruzi strains or protozoan species. They displayed many common enriched metabolic pathways but some others were uniquely enriched in one strain. Thus, we detected enriched antioxidant defenses in VFRA that could correlate with its ability to induce a chronic infection in mice controlling ROS production, while the Y strain revealed a great enrichment of pathways related with nucleotides and protein production, that could fit with its high parasite replication and lethality. In summary, Y and VFRA strains displayed comparable proteomes with some particular distinctions that could contribute to understand their different biological behaviors.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Mass Spectrometry ; Proteomics/methods ; Protozoan Proteins/metabolism ; Trypanosoma cruzi/classification ; Trypanosoma cruzi/metabolism ; Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity ; Vero Cells ; Virulence Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Protozoan Proteins ; Virulence Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2037068-4
ISSN	1567-7257 ; 1567-1348
ISSN (online)	1567-7257
ISSN	1567-1348
DOI	10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104041
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Article ; Online: Effects of frailty, geriatric syndromes, and comorbidity on mortality and quality of life in older adults with HIV.

Brañas, Fátima / Torralba, Miguel / Antela, Antonio / Vergas, Jorge / Ramírez, Margarita / Ryan, Pablo / Dronda, Fernando / Galindo, María José / Machuca, Isabel / Bustinduy, María Jesús / Cabello, Alfonso / Montes, María Luisa / Sánchez-Conde, Matilde

BMC geriatrics

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

Abstract: Background: To understand the effects of frailty, geriatric syndromes, and comorbidity on quality of life and mortality in older adults with HIV (OAWH).: Methods: Cross-sectional study of the FUNCFRAIL multicenter cohort. The setting was outpatient ... ...

Abstract	Background: To understand the effects of frailty, geriatric syndromes, and comorbidity on quality of life and mortality in older adults with HIV (OAWH). Methods: Cross-sectional study of the FUNCFRAIL multicenter cohort. The setting was outpatient HIV-Clinic. OAWH, 50 year or over were included. We recorded sociodemographic data, HIV infection-related data, comorbidity, frailty, geriatric syndromes (depression, cognitive impairment, falls and malnutrition), quality of life (QOL) and the estimated risk of all-cause 5-year mortality by VACS Index. Association of frailty with geriatric syndromes and comorbidity was evaluated using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. Results: Seven hundred ninety six patients were included. 24.7% were women, mean age was 58.2 (6.3). 14.7% were 65 or over. 517 (65%) patients had ≥3 comorbidities, ≥ 1 geriatric syndrome and/or frailty. There were significant differences in the estimated risk of mortality [(frailty 10.8%) vs. (≥ 3 comorbidities 8.2%) vs. (≥ 1 geriatric syndrome 8.2%) vs. (nothing 6.2%); p = 0.01] and in the prevalence of fair or poor QOL [(frailty 71.7%) vs. (≥ 3 comorbidities 52%) vs. (≥ 1 geriatric syndrome 58.4%) vs. (nothing 51%); p = 0.01]. Cognitive impairment was significantly associated to mortality (8.7% vs. 6.2%; p = 0.02) and depression to poor QOL [76.5% vs. 50%; p = 0.01]. Conclusions: Frailty, geriatric syndromes, and comorbidity had negative effects on mortality and QOL, but frailty had the greatest negative effect out of the three factors. Our results should be a wake-up call to standardize the screening for frailty and geriatric syndromes in OAWH in the clinical practice. Trial registration: NCT03558438.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Male ; Frailty/diagnosis ; Frailty/epidemiology ; Frailty/psychology ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Quality of Life ; HIV ; Syndrome ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Comorbidity ; Geriatric Assessment/methods ; Frail Elderly
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2059865-8
ISSN	1471-2318 ; 1471-2318
ISSN (online)	1471-2318
ISSN	1471-2318
DOI	10.1186/s12877-022-03719-8
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Article: Comparative proteomic analysis of trypomastigotes from Trypanosoma cruzi strains with different pathogenicity

Herreros-Cabello, Alfonso / Callejas-Hernández, Francisco / Fresno, Manuel / Gironès, Núria

Infection, genetics, and evolution. 2019 Sept. 14,

2019

Abstract	Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the most neglected diseases in Latin America, being currently a global health problem. Its immunopathogenesis is still quite unknown. Moreover, there are important differences in pathogenicity between some different T. cruzi strains. For example, in mice, Y strain produces a high acute lethality while VFRA remains in the host mostly in a chronic manner.Comparative proteomic studies between T. cruzi strains represent a complement for transcriptomics and may allow the detection of relevant factors or distinctive functions. Here for the first time, we compared the proteome of trypomastigotes from 2 strains, Y and VFRA, analyzed by mass spectrometry. Gene ontology analysis were used to display similarities or differences in cellular components, biological processes and molecular functions. Also, we performed metabolic pathways enrichment analysis to detect the most relevant pathways in each strain.Although in general they have similar profiles in the different ontology groups, there were some particular interesting differences. Moreover, there were around 10% of different proteins between Y and VFRA strains, that were shared by other T. cruzi strains or protozoan species. They displayed many common enriched metabolic pathways but some others were uniquely enriched in one strain. Thus, we detected enriched antioxidant defenses in VFRA that could correlate with its ability to induce a chronic infection in mice controlling ROS production, while the Y strain revealed a great enrichment of pathways related with nucleotides and protein production, that could fit with its high parasite replication and lethality. In summary, Y and VFRA strains displayed comparable proteomes with some particular distinctions that could contribute to understand their different biological behaviors.
Keywords	Chagas disease ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; antioxidants ; complement ; death ; evolution ; gene ontology ; infection ; mass spectrometry ; nucleotides ; parasites ; pathogenicity ; protein synthesis ; proteome ; proteomics ; transcriptomics ; trypomastigotes ; Latin America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0914
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2037068-4
ISSN	1567-1348
ISSN	1567-1348
DOI	10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104041
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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