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  1. Article: Description of patients with eating disorders by general practitioners: a cohort study and focus on co-management with depression.

    Cadwallader, Jean Sébastien / Orri, Massimiliano / Barry, Caroline / Falissard, Bruno / Hassler, Christine / Huas, Caroline

    Journal of eating disorders

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 185

    Abstract: Background: International guidelines often state that general practitioners (GPs) provide early management for most patients with eating disorders (EDs). GP management of EDs has not been studied in France. Depressive disorders are often a comorbidity ... ...

    Abstract Background: International guidelines often state that general practitioners (GPs) provide early management for most patients with eating disorders (EDs). GP management of EDs has not been studied in France. Depressive disorders are often a comorbidity of EDs. The aims of this study were to describe in France the characteristics of people with all subcategories of EDs (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, ED Not Otherwise Specified) managed by their GPs and to study the management temporality between depression and all subcategories of EDs.
    Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients with EDs visiting French GPs. Data collected from 1994 through 2009 were extracted from the French society of general electronic health record. A descriptive analysis of the population focused on depression, medication such as antidepressants and anxiolytics, and the management temporality between depression and EDs.
    Results: 1310 patients aged 8 years or older were seen at least once for an ED by a GP participating in the database out of 355,848 patients, with a prevalence rate of 0.3%. They had a mean age of 35.19 years, 82.67% were women. 41.6% had anorexia nervosa, 26.4% bulimia nervosa, and 32% an ED not otherwise specified. Overall, 32.3% had been managed at least once for depression, and 18.4% had been prescribed an antidepressant of any type at least once. Benzodiazepines had been prescribed at least once for 73.9% of the patients treated for depression. Patients with an ED seen regularly by their GP ("during" profile) received care for depression more frequently than those with other profiles. 60.9% had a single visit with the participating GP for their ED Treatment and management for depression did not precede care for EDs.
    Conclusions: Data extracted from the French society of general practice were the only one available in France in primary care about EDs and our study was the only one on this topic. The frequency of visits for EDs was very low in our general practice-based sample. Depressive disorders were a frequent comorbidity of EDs. GPs could manage common early signs of depression and EDs, especially if they improved their communication skills and developed collaborative professional management.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2699357-0
    ISSN 2050-2974
    ISSN 2050-2974
    DOI 10.1186/s40337-023-00901-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum experience in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 in Paris: a qualitative phenomenological study.

    Cadwallader, Jean-Sébastien / Berlingo, Laura / Rémy, Valentine / Dommergues, Marc / Gilles de la Londe, Julie

    BMC pregnancy and childbirth

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 83

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdowns triggered social discontent on an unprecedented scale. Descriptive phenomenological studies showed that pregnant women were under intense stress during the COVID-19 outbreak, even though they ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdowns triggered social discontent on an unprecedented scale. Descriptive phenomenological studies showed that pregnant women were under intense stress during the COVID-19 outbreak, even though they remained uninfected. The purpose of this study was to report on the experiences of pregnant women affected by mild COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic.
    Methods: In this non- interventional qualitative study, we analyzed pregnant women's experiences using an interpretive phenomenological analysis approach. We conducted semi-structured interviews with women who had had a mild COVID-19 during their pregnancy, and gave birth or planned to give birth in the maternity units of Sorbonne University in Paris, France.
    Results: Participants reported that at the time they had COVID-19, they were not afraid of being seriously ill, but of transmitting COVID-19 to their close relatives. Their main concern was being pregnant and becoming a parent in a world where the pandemic deeply altered social environment. This included uncertainty about the future and an acute feeling of isolation related to lockdown. The idea that their partner might not be allowed to attend childbirth was almost unanimously felt as intolerable. In contrast, women had positive feelings regarding the fact that lockdown resulted in a de facto paternity leave leading to a certain degree of equality in the couple regarding baby care and household chores. Unexpectedly, the pandemic social distancing measures helped participants escaping from behavioral constraints, including the unspoken rule that they should welcome greetings from friends and family, despite being exhausted by the recent birth.
    Conclusions: Our results suggest that avoiding separation from their partner is a key to benevolent medical care for pregnant women in times of health crises. The unexpected benefits women reported in a world of lockdown cast a new light on their expectation regarding parenthood today.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Infant ; Female ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Paris/epidemiology ; Pregnant Women ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Postpartum Period
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2059869-5
    ISSN 1471-2393 ; 1471-2393
    ISSN (online) 1471-2393
    ISSN 1471-2393
    DOI 10.1186/s12884-023-05406-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Correction: Description of patients with eating disorders by general practitioners: a cohort study and focus on co-management with depression.

    Cadwallader, Jean Sébastien / Orri, Massimiliano / Barry, Caroline / Falissard, Bruno / Hassler, Christine / Huas, Caroline

    Journal of eating disorders

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 192

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2699357-0
    ISSN 2050-2974
    ISSN 2050-2974
    DOI 10.1186/s40337-023-00918-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Experience of Cannabis Use from Adolescence to Adulthood in France: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

    Rezag Bara, Selma Faten / Mary-Krause, Murielle / Wallez, Solène / Cadwallader, Jean-Sébastien

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 5

    Abstract: Levels of cannabis use are high during adolescence, but the proportion of cannabis users among adults is also progressing, often for medical reasons. This study describes the reasons and motivations for using medical cannabis among adults over 30 years ... ...

    Abstract Levels of cannabis use are high during adolescence, but the proportion of cannabis users among adults is also progressing, often for medical reasons. This study describes the reasons and motivations for using medical cannabis among adults over 30 years old in France. This qualitative study was performed using an interpretative phenomenological analysis. People with a history of cannabis use or current cannabis users were recruited from the TEMPO cohort. Homogeneous purposive sampling was applied among those using medical cannabis. Twelve participants, among thirty-six who reported using cannabis for medical reasons, were selected and interviewed. Five superordinate themes were identified in the analysis: 1-soothing a traumatic experience through cannabis use; 2-an ambivalent relationship with the user and cannabis and with the user and close relatives; 3-cannabis, a known soft drug comparable to alcohol or tobacco, leading to an illogical demonization; 4-recreational use in the context of experimentation; and 5-a paradoxical desire for exemplary parenting. In this first recent study to describe the reasons and views adults have in order to continue using cannabis after 30 years of age, we identified ways to explain this consumption. The internal appeasement provoked by cannabis stems from a struggle to appease a violent external situation.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Cannabis ; Medical Marijuana ; Hallucinogens ; Motivation ; France
    Chemical Substances Medical Marijuana ; Hallucinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph20054462
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: General practice-related MeSH terms in main journals: a bibliometric analysis from 2011 to 2021.

    Duguet, Théo / Ibanez, Gladys / Schuers, Matthieu / Lebeau, Jean-Pierre / Roser, Kristell / Gomes, Cécilia Saldanha / Cadwallader, Jean-Sébastien

    The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

    2024  Volume 74, Issue 739, Page(s) e120–e125

    Abstract: Background: There are various Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used to index general practice research, without consistency.: Aim: To understand how general practice-related research is indexed in the main general practice journals between 2011 ... ...

    Abstract Background: There are various Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used to index general practice research, without consistency.
    Aim: To understand how general practice-related research is indexed in the main general practice journals between 2011 and 2021, and to analyse the factors that influenced the choice of the general practice-related MeSH.
    Design and setting: This was a quantitative bibliometric study conducted on MEDLINE.
    Method: MeSH were selected according to the international definition of General Practice/Family Medicine: 'General Practice', 'Primary Health Care', 'Family Practice', 'General Practitioners', 'Physicians, Primary Care', and 'Physicians, Family'. Their use was studied from 2011 to 2021 on MEDLINE, reviewing the 20 general practice journals with the highest impact factors. A descriptive and analytical approach was used; the association of the country, journal, and year with the choice of general practice-related MeSH terms was analysed.
    Results: A total of 8514 of 150 286 articles (5.7%) were using one of the general practice-related MeSH terms. The most used were 'Primary Health Care' (4648/9984, 46.6%) and 'General Practice' (2841/9984, 28.5%). A total of 80.0% (6172/7723) of the articles were related to the UK or US and 71.0% (6055/8514) of the articles came from four journals (
    Conclusion: Important variations in the indexation of general practice research were found. Researchers should consider combining 'Primary Health Care' and 'General Practice' in their PubMed searches to access all the general practice research, regardless of their country of origin.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Medical Subject Headings ; Periodicals as Topic ; Bibliometrics ; Family Practice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1043148-2
    ISSN 1478-5242 ; 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    ISSN (online) 1478-5242
    ISSN 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    DOI 10.3399/BJGP.2023.0060
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Factors associated with the use of cannabis for self-medication by adults: data from the French TEMPO cohort study.

    Wallez, Solène / Kousignian, Isabelle / Hecker, Irwin / Rezag Bara, Selma Faten / Andersen, Astrid Juhl / Melchior, Maria / Cadwallader, Jean-Sébastien / Mary-Krause, Murielle

    Journal of cannabis research

    2024  Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 19

    Abstract: Background: Medical cannabis, legalized in many countries, remains illegal in France. Despite an experiment in the medical use of cannabis that began in March 2021 in France, little is known about the factors associated with the use of cannabis for self- ...

    Abstract Background: Medical cannabis, legalized in many countries, remains illegal in France. Despite an experiment in the medical use of cannabis that began in March 2021 in France, little is known about the factors associated with the use of cannabis for self-medication among adults.
    Methods: Data came from the French TEMPO cohort and were collected between December 2020 and May 2021. Overall, 345 participants aged 27-47 were included. Cannabis for self-medication was defined using the following questions: 'Why do you use cannabis?' and 'In what form do you use cannabis?'. The penalized regression method "Elastic net" was used to determine factors associated with the use of cannabis for self-medication, with the hypothesis that it is mainly used for pain in individuals who have already used cannabis.
    Results: More than half of the participants reported having ever used cannabis (58%). Only 10% used it for self-declared medical reasons (n = 36). All self-medication cannabis users, except one, were also using cannabis for recreational purposes. The main factors associated with cannabis use for self-medication vs. other reasons included cannabis use trajectories, the presence of musculoskeletal disorders, tobacco smoking, and parental divorce.
    Conclusions: Engaging in cannabis use during adolescence or early adulthood may increase the likelihood of resorting to self-medication in adulthood. Due to the propensity of individuals with cannabis use during adolescence to resort to uncontrolled products for self-medication, this population should be more systematically targeted and screened for symptoms and comorbidities that may be associated with cannabis use.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2522-5782
    ISSN (online) 2522-5782
    DOI 10.1186/s42238-024-00230-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Barriers and Enablers for Deprescribing Glucose-Lowering Treatment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

    Mellot, Marion / Jawal, Lina / Morel, Thomas / Fournier, Jean-Pascal / Tubach, Florence / Cadwallader, Jean-Sébastien / Christiaens, Antoine / Zerah, Lorène

    Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) 439–447.e18

    Abstract: Objectives: Overtreatment with glucose-lowering treatment (GLT) is frequent and a source of high morbidity and mortality in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to identify and synthesize barriers and enablers for ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Overtreatment with glucose-lowering treatment (GLT) is frequent and a source of high morbidity and mortality in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to identify and synthesize barriers and enablers for deprescribing GLT in older adults (≥65 years) with T2DM.
    Design: Systematic review of qualitative and mixed-methods studies.
    Setting and participants: Older adults with T2DM, any participants [patients, health care providers (HCPs), caregivers], any settings.
    Methods: Two researchers (and a referred third researcher at all stages) independently screened original articles reporting qualitative and mixed-methods studies exploring barriers and enablers for deprescribing GLT in older adults published during 2010-2023, identified from MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and gray literature. Quality of the included studies was assessed with the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool. Verbatim statements on barriers and enablers were extracted, and determinants of behaviors were identified with the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) version 2, and related intervention functions (targets for future interventions) were proposed according to the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW).
    Results: We identified only 4 studies from 2 countries (United States and the Netherlands), all recently published (2019-2023), that primarily reported barriers to GLT deprescribing from interviews or focus groups of patients or HCPs practicing outpatient medicine. Knowledge, fear, poor communication, inertia, and trust with HCPs were the main determinants of behaviors that influenced deprescribing, and education, training, persuasion and environmental restructuring were the main intervention functions for proposing future interventions. Studies did not cover financial aspects, physician characteristics, or caregiver and family viewpoints.
    Conclusions and implications: The use of a behavioral theory and a validated implementation framework provided a comprehensive approach to identifying barriers and enablers for deprescribing GLT in older adults (≥65 years) with T2DM. The behavioral determinants identified may be useful in tailoring interventions to improve the implementation of GLT deprescribing in older adults in ambulatory settings.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Deprescriptions ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Medicine ; Educational Status ; Glucose
    Chemical Substances Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2171030-2
    ISSN 1538-9375 ; 1525-8610
    ISSN (online) 1538-9375
    ISSN 1525-8610
    DOI 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.11.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: General practitioners' perceptions of dealing with patients with pressured speech: a qualitative study.

    Lallier, Stéphanie / Hourantier, Christelle / Gilles de la Londe, Julie / Billon, Grégoire / Cadwallader, Jean-Sébastien / Piot, Marie-Aude

    Family practice

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 575–581

    Abstract: Background: Empathetic listening can be particularly challenging with patients presenting pressured speech, while time pressure and costs limit practitioners' availability. We aimed to explore general practitioners' (GPs') experiences when encountering ... ...

    Abstract Background: Empathetic listening can be particularly challenging with patients presenting pressured speech, while time pressure and costs limit practitioners' availability. We aimed to explore general practitioners' (GPs') experiences when encountering a patient with pressured speech without pathological syndrome.
    Methods: Using a thematic analysis method, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs purposively sampled in Ile-de-France region.
    Results: Three themes emerged. First, misgivings were aroused when meeting a patient with pressured speech, including frustration, displeasure, and a struggle to maintain focus. Second, huge efforts were needed to adhere to the appropriate clinical reasoning and care for these patients who need more time and energy. The very definition of this condition varies from one clinician to another, and for some, psychiatric conditions were systematically associated. Third, implementation of specific strategies was required to adjust to these patients: trying to create distance with the patient, to organize a framework in which the patient with pressured speech can express him or herself, and even strategies to increase GPs' availability.
    Conclusion: The time and energy required to provide adequate care for patients presenting with pressured speech make it quite challenging, and this builds up pressure in the waiting room. But when medical demands take this form, there is a risk that clinicians will reject the patient or refer early to mental health services, leading to growing feelings of abandonment, the neglect of organic issues, and medical nomadism. Initial and continuing medical training focussing on advanced communication skills and multifocal approaches can foster long-term follow-up.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; General Practitioners/psychology ; Speech ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Qualitative Research ; Communication
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605939-9
    ISSN 1460-2229 ; 0263-2136
    ISSN (online) 1460-2229
    ISSN 0263-2136
    DOI 10.1093/fampra/cmad088
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The Experience of HIV-Positive Transgender Women Engaging in Physical Activity: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

    Gilles de la Londe, Julie / Aïm-Eusébi, Amélie / Cadwallader, Delphine / Rincon Murillo, Giovanna / Cadwallader, Jean Sébastien / Aubert, Jean Pierre

    Archives of sexual behavior

    2023  Volume 52, Issue 8, Page(s) 3541–3552

    Abstract: Regular physical activity should benefit HIV-positive transgender women because they are a particularly vulnerable population. However, engaging in physical activity seems particularly difficult among this population. To inform the development of ... ...

    Abstract Regular physical activity should benefit HIV-positive transgender women because they are a particularly vulnerable population. However, engaging in physical activity seems particularly difficult among this population. To inform the development of interventions to increase adherence to physical activity, we explored perceptions of physical activity in 10 semi-structured interviews with HIV-positive transgender women. Interviews were subjected to a qualitative approach named interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Inspired by Cooley's theory, we chose to illustrate the results according to a three-level structure, i.e., confronting oneself to oneself with a specific identity, then confronting oneself with others on an interpersonal level, and eventually confronting oneself with society as a normative frame through the specific prism of physical activity, and thus relationship to one's body. The idea of practicing physical activity meant for them: having to face what they tried to be kept hidden, being ostracized by the cis population, and facing social heteronormativity. The fears about health were mostly about HIV and the transitioning process side effects. The psychological issues were mostly about the fear of developing male shaped bodies and worsened by traumatic life stories. External factors were often related to the passing concept and violence caused by stigma and discrimination. The group appeared as a strong motivation factor, facilitating self-acceptance and socialization.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Transgender Persons/psychology ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology ; Social Stigma ; Motivation ; Qualitative Research
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184221-3
    ISSN 1573-2800 ; 0004-0002
    ISSN (online) 1573-2800
    ISSN 0004-0002
    DOI 10.1007/s10508-023-02655-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and associated social inequalities in developed countries over the 1995-2020 period: A systematic review.

    Bonello, Kim / Figoni, Hugo / Blanchard, Estelle / Vignier, Nicolas / Avenin, Guillaume / Melchior, Maria / Cadwallader, Jean-Sébastien / Chastang, Julie / Ibanez, Gladys

    Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 6, Page(s) 555–565

    Abstract: Background: Smoking during pregnancy (SDP) is an important source of preventable morbidity and mortality for both mother and child.: Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe changes in the prevalence of SDP over the last 25 years in ... ...

    Abstract Background: Smoking during pregnancy (SDP) is an important source of preventable morbidity and mortality for both mother and child.
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe changes in the prevalence of SDP over the last 25 years in developed countries (Human Development Index >0.8 in 2020) and associated social inequalities.
    Data sources: A systematic review was conducted based on a search in PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo databases and government sources.
    Study selection and data extraction: Published studies between January 1995 and March 2020, for which the primary outcome was to assess the national prevalence of SDP and the secondary outcome was to describe related socio-economic data were included in the analysis. The selected articles had to be written in English, Spanish, French or Italian.
    Synthesis: The articles were selected after successive reading of the titles, abstracts and full-length text. An independent double reading with intervention of a third reader in case of disagreement allowed including 35 articles from 14 countries in the analysis.
    Results: The prevalence of SDP differed across the countries studied despite comparable levels of development. After 2015, the prevalence of SDP ranged between 4.2% in Sweden and 16.6% in France. It was associated with socio-economic factors. The prevalence of SDP slowly decreased over time, but this overall trend masked inequalities within populations. In Canada, France and the United States, the prevalence decreased more rapidly in women of higher socio-economic status, and inequalities in maternal smoking were more marked in these countries. In the other countries, inequalities tended to decrease but remained significant.
    Conclusions: During pregnancy, that is a period described as a window of opportunity, smoking and social vulnerability factors need to be detected to implement targeted prevention strategies aiming at reducing related social inequalities.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Developed Countries ; Prevalence ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Social Class ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639089-4
    ISSN 1365-3016 ; 0269-5022 ; 1353-663X
    ISSN (online) 1365-3016
    ISSN 0269-5022 ; 1353-663X
    DOI 10.1111/ppe.12989
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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