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  1. Article ; Online: Wheat proteins as triggers of central nervous system inflammation.

    Caminero, Alberto

    Gut

    2023  Volume 73, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–6

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Triticum/adverse effects ; Inflammation ; Glutens ; Diet, Gluten-Free ; Celiac Disease
    Chemical Substances Glutens (8002-80-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330848
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  2. Article ; Online: Non-Host Factors Influencing Onset and Severity of Celiac Disease.

    Galipeau, Heather J / Hinterleitner, Reinhard / Leonard, Maureen M / Caminero, Alberto

    Gastroenterology

    2024  

    Abstract: Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic autoimmune condition driven by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, resulting in inflammatory lesions in the proximal small intestine. Although the presence of specific HLA-linked haplotypes and ... ...

    Abstract Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic autoimmune condition driven by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, resulting in inflammatory lesions in the proximal small intestine. Although the presence of specific HLA-linked haplotypes and gluten consumption are necessary for disease development, they alone do not account for the variable onset of CeD in susceptible individuals. This review explores the multifaceted role of non-host factors in CeD development, including dietary and microbial influences. We discuss clinical associations and observations highlighting the impact of these factors on disease onset and severity. Furthermore, we discuss studies in CeD-relevant animal models that offer mechanistic insights into how diet, the microbiome, and enteric infections modulate CeD pathogenesis. Finally, we address the clinical implications and therapeutic potential of understanding these cofactors offering a promising avenue for preventive and therapeutic interventions in CeD management.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80112-4
    ISSN 1528-0012 ; 0016-5085
    ISSN (online) 1528-0012
    ISSN 0016-5085
    DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.01.030
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  3. Article: Elucidating the role of microbes in celiac disease through gnotobiotic modeling.

    Caminero, Alberto / Verdu, Elena F / Galipeau, Heather J

    Methods in cell biology

    2023  Volume 179, Page(s) 77–101

    Abstract: Celiac disease (CeD) is a common immune-mediated disease triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. CeD is unique in that the trigger (gluten), necessary genes (HLA-DQ2 and DQ8), and the autoantigen (tissue ... ...

    Abstract Celiac disease (CeD) is a common immune-mediated disease triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. CeD is unique in that the trigger (gluten), necessary genes (HLA-DQ2 and DQ8), and the autoantigen (tissue transglutaminase) have been identified, allowing additional environmental co-factors, like the intestinal microbiota, to be studied through relevant in vivo models. Murine models for CeD have come a long way in the past decade and there are now in vitro and in vivo tools available that mimic certain aspects of clinical disease. These models, many of which express the CeD risk genes, have recently been used to study the mechanisms through which the microbiota play a role in CeD pathogenesis through a gnotobiotic approach. Historically, the generation of gnotobiology technology in mid-20th century allowed for the study of immunity and physiology under a complete absence of microbes (axenic) or known colonized status (gnotobiotic). This enabled understanding of mechanisms by which certain bacteria contribute to health and disease. With this perspective, here, we will discuss the various murine models currently being used to study CeD. We will then describe how utilizing axenic and gnotobiotic CeD models has increased our understanding of how microbes influence relevant steps of CeD pathogenesis, and explain key methodology involved in axenic and gnotobiotic modeling.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Celiac Disease/genetics ; Glutens ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome
    Chemical Substances Glutens (8002-80-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0091-679X
    ISSN 0091-679X
    DOI 10.1016/bs.mcb.2023.01.017
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  4. Article ; Online: Celiac disease: should we care about microbes?

    Caminero, Alberto / Verdu, Elena F

    American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology

    2019  Volume 317, Issue 2, Page(s) G161–G170

    Abstract: The prevalence of celiac disease (CeD) has increased in the last decades, suggesting a role for environmental factors in addition to gluten. Several cohort studies have shown that different gastrointestinal infections increase CeD risk. However, the ... ...

    Abstract The prevalence of celiac disease (CeD) has increased in the last decades, suggesting a role for environmental factors in addition to gluten. Several cohort studies have shown that different gastrointestinal infections increase CeD risk. However, the mechanisms by which microbes participate in CeD have remained elusive. Recently, with the use of animal models, both viral and bacterial opportunistic pathogens were shown to induce immune activation relevant for CeD. The hypothesis that viral and/or bacterial infections can contribute to immune activation and breakdown of tolerance toward gluten in genetically susceptible individuals is therefore reinforced. Here, we discuss the evidence regarding the role of microbes in promoting CeD and the specific pathways triggered by microbes that could participate in CeD pathogenesis. Understanding these pathways will allow us to develop optimal microbiota-modulating strategies to help prevent CeD.
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Infections/immunology ; Celiac Disease/metabolism ; Celiac Disease/microbiology ; Celiac Disease/prevention & control ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/immunology ; Glutens/metabolism ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance
    Chemical Substances Glutens (8002-80-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 603840-2
    ISSN 1522-1547 ; 0193-1857
    ISSN (online) 1522-1547
    ISSN 0193-1857
    DOI 10.1152/ajpgi.00099.2019
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  5. Article: Metabolism of wheat proteins by intestinal microbes: Implications for wheat related disorders.

    Caminero, Alberto / Verdu, Elena F

    Gastroenterologia y hepatologia

    2019  Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 449–457

    Abstract: Wheat is a common cereal in the Western diet and an important source of protein as well as fiber. However, some individuals develop adverse reactions to a wheat-containing diet. The best characterized is celiac disease which develops after intake of ... ...

    Abstract Wheat is a common cereal in the Western diet and an important source of protein as well as fiber. However, some individuals develop adverse reactions to a wheat-containing diet. The best characterized is celiac disease which develops after intake of gluten in individuals with genetic predisposition. Other wheat-related conditions are less well defined in terms of diagnosis, specific trigger and underlying pathways. Despite this, the overall prevalence of wheat-related disorders has increased in the last decades and the role of microbial factors has been suggested. Several studies have described an altered intestinal microbiota in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects, but less information is available regarding other wheat-related disorders. Here, we discuss the importance of the intestinal microbiota in the metabolism of wheat proteins and the development of inflammatory or functional conditions. Understanding these interactions will open new directions for therapeutic development using bacteria with optimal wheat protein degrading capacity.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptive Immunity ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Celiac Disease/diet therapy ; Celiac Disease/metabolism ; Celiac Disease/microbiology ; Diet, Gluten-Free ; Food Hypersensitivity/diet therapy ; Food Hypersensitivity/microbiology ; Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Glutens/adverse effects ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Plant Proteins/immunology ; Plant Proteins/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Triticum/adverse effects ; Triticum/immunology ; Trypsin Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Trypsin Inhibitors/metabolism ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins/adverse effects ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Plant Proteins ; Trypsin Inhibitors ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins ; Glutens (8002-80-0)
    Language Spanish
    Publishing date 2019-06-28
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632502-6
    ISSN 0210-5705
    ISSN 0210-5705
    DOI 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2019.04.001
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  6. Article ; Online: The emerging roles of bacterial proteases in intestinal diseases.

    Caminero, Alberto / Guzman, Mabel / Libertucci, Josie / Lomax, Alan E

    Gut microbes

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2181922

    Abstract: Proteases are an evolutionarily conserved family of enzymes that degrade peptide bonds and have been implicated in several common gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Although luminal proteolytic activity is important for maintenance of homeostasis and health, ...

    Abstract Proteases are an evolutionarily conserved family of enzymes that degrade peptide bonds and have been implicated in several common gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Although luminal proteolytic activity is important for maintenance of homeostasis and health, the current review describes recent advances in our understanding of how overactivity of luminal proteases contributes to the pathophysiology of celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and GI infections. Luminal proteases, many of which are produced by the microbiota, can modulate the immunogenicity of dietary antigens, reduce mucosal barrier function and activate pro-inflammatory and pro-nociceptive host signaling. Increased proteolytic activity has been ascribed to both increases in protease production and decreases in inhibitors of luminal proteases. With the identification of strains of bacteria that are important sources of proteases and their inhibitors, the stage is set to develop drug or microbial therapies to restore protease balance and alleviate disease.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Celiac Disease ; Endopeptidases ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/microbiology ; Peptide Hydrolases/genetics ; Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.-) ; Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-) ; Bacterial Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2575755-6
    ISSN 1949-0984 ; 1949-0984
    ISSN (online) 1949-0984
    ISSN 1949-0984
    DOI 10.1080/19490976.2023.2181922
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  7. Article ; Online: The food, the bug, and the ugly: A recipe for food-induced gut pain.

    Rondeau, Liam Emile / De Palma, Giada / Caminero, Alberto

    Allergy

    2021  Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 334–336

    MeSH term(s) Diarrhea ; Food/adverse effects ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Mast Cells ; Pain
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-28
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type News ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 391933-x
    ISSN 1398-9995 ; 0105-4538
    ISSN (online) 1398-9995
    ISSN 0105-4538
    DOI 10.1111/all.15018
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  8. Article ; Online: Increased Bacterial Proteolytic Activity Detected Before Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis.

    Galipeau, Heather J / Caminero, Alberto / Verdu, Elena F

    Inflammatory bowel diseases

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 12, Page(s) e144

    MeSH term(s) Bacteria ; Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis ; Humans ; Peptide Hydrolases
    Chemical Substances Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1340971-2
    ISSN 1536-4844 ; 1078-0998
    ISSN (online) 1536-4844
    ISSN 1078-0998
    DOI 10.1093/ibd/izab144
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  9. Article ; Online: Host immune interactions in chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions.

    Caminero, Alberto / Pinto-Sanchez, M I

    Current opinion in gastroenterology

    2020  Volume 36, Issue 6, Page(s) 479–484

    Abstract: Purpose of review: We performed a literature review of the latest studies on the interactions between the host immune system and microbes in chronic intestinal inflammatory conditions.: Recent findings: The mechanisms leading to celiac disease (CeD) ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: We performed a literature review of the latest studies on the interactions between the host immune system and microbes in chronic intestinal inflammatory conditions.
    Recent findings: The mechanisms leading to celiac disease (CeD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the most common chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions, are complex. The intestinal homeostasis depends on the interactions between the microbiota, the intestinal mucosa and the host immune system. Failure to achieve or maintain equilibrium between a host and its microbiota has the potential to induce chronic conditions with an underlying inflammatory component. Mechanisms by which intestinal microbes trigger inflammation include the alteration of intestinal permeability, activation of the host immune system and digestion of dietary antigens with a consequent repercussion on tolerance to food. Therefore, therapies modulating gut microbiota, including diet, antibiotics, probiotics and faecal transplantation have a potential in CeD and IBD. Probiotics are effective to treat pouchitis and faecal transplant for ulcerative colitis, but the evidence is less clear in Crohn's disease or CeD.
    Summary: Diverse regulatory mechanisms cooperate to maintain intestinal homeostasis, and a breakdown in these pathways may precipitate inflammation. The role of microbiota inducing immune dysfunction and inflammation supports the therapeutic rationale of manipulating microbiota to treat chronic inflammatory conditions.
    MeSH term(s) Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy ; Microbiota ; Probiotics/therapeutic use
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632571-3
    ISSN 1531-7056 ; 0267-1379
    ISSN (online) 1531-7056
    ISSN 0267-1379
    DOI 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000673
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  10. Article ; Online: The neuroimmunological toll of nutrient absorption.

    De Palma, Giada / Caminero, Alberto / Jiménez-Saiz, Rodrigo

    Allergy

    2020  Volume 75, Issue 9, Page(s) 2415–2417

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Neuroimmunomodulation ; Nutrients
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-13
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type News ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 391933-x
    ISSN 1398-9995 ; 0105-4538
    ISSN (online) 1398-9995
    ISSN 0105-4538
    DOI 10.1111/all.14458
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