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Article ; Online: Predicting Legionella contamination in cooling towers and evaporative condensers from microbiological and physicochemical parameters.

Campaña, María / Del Hoyo, Rafael / Monleón-Getino, Antonio / Checa, Javier

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

2023 Volume 248, Page(s) 114117

Abstract: Background: Inhalation of Legionella-containing aerosols generated by cooling towers (CT) and evaporative condensers (EC) where water risk management is not performed correctly has been linked to a high percentage of community outbreaks of Legionnaires' ...

Abstract	Background: Inhalation of Legionella-containing aerosols generated by cooling towers (CT) and evaporative condensers (EC) where water risk management is not performed correctly has been linked to a high percentage of community outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease (LD). Likewise, microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of the water in these facilities have been associated with this bacterium. The main aim of this study was to assess the risk of Legionella colonization in CT and EC based on the data for microbiological and physicochemical water quality provided by the Environmental Health Department and Laboratory of the City Council of L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona, Spain). Methods: Legionella was analysed in 789 samples collected from 127 CT and EC in 46 companies in Catalonia from 2002 to 2019. A two-step logistic regression analysis was carried out to assess the risk of colonization by Legionella in the studied facilities according to the microbiological (aerobic heterotrophic bacteria) and physicochemical (pH, alkalinity, hardness, turbidity, conductivity, total iron and Langelier Index) water parameters. The optimal cut-off points for the water parameters predictive of Legionella contamination were defined as the values on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve where sensitivity and specificity were jointly maximized. Results: Legionella was isolated in 8.49% of the 789 analysed samples, 22.39% of which were heavily contaminated (with counts higher than 1.0 × 10 Conclusions: The present study shows the importance of risk assessment for improving the control measures aimed at preventing or reducing Legionella populations in CT and EC, thus minimizing potential dangers for public health.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Legionella ; Legionella pneumophila ; Water Microbiology ; Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets ; Legionnaires' Disease/epidemiology ; Legionnaires' Disease/microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-26
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2009176-X
ISSN	1618-131X ; 1438-4639
ISSN (online)	1618-131X
ISSN	1438-4639
DOI	10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114117
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Article ; Online: Interaction of Surface-Modified Alumina Nanoparticles and Surfactants at an Oil/Water Interface: A Neutron Reflectometry, Scattering, and Enhanced Oil Recovery Study.

Al-Shatty, Wafaa / Campana, Mario / Alexander, Shirin / Barron, Andrew R

ACS applied materials & interfaces

2022 Volume 14, Issue 17, Page(s) 19505–19514

Abstract: The evaluation of the mechanism of nanoparticle (NP)/surfactant complex adsorption at the critical oil/water interface was studied. A sophisticated technique (neutron reflectometry) was used to give a unique insight on NP/oil interactions in oil recovery ...

Abstract	The evaluation of the mechanism of nanoparticle (NP)/surfactant complex adsorption at the critical oil/water interface was studied. A sophisticated technique (neutron reflectometry) was used to give a unique insight on NP/oil interactions in oil recovery systems. Herein, the adsorption of two modified alumina NPs with different degrees of hydrophobicity [hydrophilic = 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]acetic acid and hydrophobic = octanoic acid (OCT)] stabilized with two different surfactants were studied at the oil/water interface. A thin layer of deuterated (D) and hydrogenated (H) hexadecane (contrast matching silicon substrate) oil was formed on a silicon block by a spin coating freeze process. The distribution of the NPs across the oil/water interface with the CTAB surfactant is similar between the two systems. NPs coated with CTAB have more affinity toward the oil/water interface, which explains the oil recovery increase by around 5% when flooding the core with the OCT-NP/CTAB system compared to the surfactant flooding alone. These results suggest that the NP/surfactant complexes can have potential usage in EOR recovery applications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1944-8252
ISSN (online)	1944-8252
DOI	10.1021/acsami.2c02228
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Article ; Online: Structure and pH-Induced Swelling of Polymer Films Prepared from Sequentially Grafted Polyelectrolytes.

Nagy, Béla / Campana, Mario / Khaydukov, Yury N / Ederth, Thomas

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

2022 Volume 38, Issue 5, Page(s) 1725–1737

Abstract: We have prepared a series of ampholytic polymer films, using a self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SI-PGP) method to sequentially polymerize first anionic (deuterated methacrylic acid (dMAA)) and thereafter cationic (2-aminoethyl ... ...

Abstract	We have prepared a series of ampholytic polymer films, using a self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SI-PGP) method to sequentially polymerize first anionic (deuterated methacrylic acid (dMAA)) and thereafter cationic (2-aminoethyl methacrylate (AEMA)) monomers to investigate the SI-PGP grafting process. Dry films were investigated by ellipsometry, X-ray, and neutron reflectometry, and their swelling was followed over a pH range from 4.5 to 10.5 with spectroscopic ellipsometry. The deuterated monomer allows us to separate the distributions of the two components by neutron reflectometry. Growth of both polymers proceeds via grafting of solution-polymerized fragments to the surface, and also the second layer is primarily grafted to the substrate and not as a continuation of the existing chains. The polymer films are stratified, with one layer of near 1:1 composition and the other layer enriched in one component and located either above or below the former layer. The ellipsometry results show swelling transitions at low and high pH but with no systematic variation in the pH values where these transitions occur. The results suggest that grafting density in SI-PGP-prepared homopolymers could be increased via repeated polymerization steps, but that this process does not necessarily increase the average chain length.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2005937-1
ISSN	1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
ISSN (online)	1520-5827
ISSN	0743-7463
DOI	10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02784
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Article: Reduction in Common Rust Severity Conferred by the Rp1D Gene in Sweet Corn Hybrids Infected by Mixtures of Rp1D-Virulent and Avirulent Puccinia sorghi.

Pataky, Jerald K / Campaña, M Andrea

Plant disease

2019 Volume 91, Issue 11, Page(s) 1484–1488

Abstract: The Rp1D gene confers a hypersensitive, chlorotic-fleck, resistant reaction to Puccinia sorghi, the casual agent of common rust of corn. About 40% of commercial sweet corn hybrids carry the Rp1D gene. Sine 1999, Rp1D-virulent (D-virulent) isolates of P. ... ...

Abstract	The Rp1D gene confers a hypersensitive, chlorotic-fleck, resistant reaction to Puccinia sorghi, the casual agent of common rust of corn. About 40% of commercial sweet corn hybrids carry the Rp1D gene. Sine 1999, Rp1D-virulent (D-virulent) isolates of P. sorghi have occurred regularly in populations of P. sorghi in North America. Observations from sweet corn hybrid nurseries and other trials indicate that the frequency of D-virulent isolates affects severity of rust on Rp1D hybrids; however, the frequency of D-virulence at which the Rp1D gene is rendered completely ineffective is not known. The objective of this study was to assess whether common rust severity is reduced by the Rp1D gene in sweet corn hybrids infected by mixtures of D-virulent and Rp1D-avirulent (avirulent) P. sorghi. Forty pairs of Rp1D-resistant and susceptible (rp1d) versions of sweet corn hybrids from six different commercial breeding programs were evaluated in 2003 and 2004 in trials inoculated with one of five different ratios of avirulent:D-virulent inocula: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 60:40, or 0:100. When D-virulent P. sorghi was 100% of initial inoculum, common rust was equally severe on Rp1D and rp1d versions of the same hybrid. Thus, the Rp1D gene did not confer partial or residual resistance in these trials. When initial inocula consisted of 40% or less D-virulent P. sorghi, rust was significantly less severe on Rp1D versions than on rp1d versions of the same hybrids. Relationships between rust severity on Rp1D and rp1d versions of hybrids were explained by linear regressions in all trials. Slope coefficients (i.e., rust severity on Rp1D hybrids as a proportion of that on rp1d hybrids) were related to the percentage of D-virulent P. sorghi in the initial inoculum and were 0.21, 0.29, 0.51, 0.64, and 0.93 in 2003 and 0.25, 0.50, 0.67, 0.76, and 1.0 in 2004 for trials inoculated with 0, 10, 20, 40, and 100% D-virulent P. sorghi, respectively. Thus, the Rp1D gene may convey levels of control in proportion to the frequency of virulence in mixed populations of D-virulent and avirulent P. sorghi when the frequency of virulent isolates is less than 40%.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-91-11-1484
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Article ; Online: Understanding interactions of plasticisers with a phospholipid monolayer.

Gustafsson, Emil / Hellsing, Maja S / Rennie, Adrian R / Welbourn, Rebecca J L / Campana, Mario / Hughes, Arwel / Li, Peixun / Bowden, Tim Melander

Soft matter

2024 Volume 20, Issue 13, Page(s) 2892–2899

Abstract: The use of DEHP (diethylhexyl phthalate) is now banned for most applications in Europe; the exception is for blood bags, where its toxicity is overshadowed by its ability to extend the storage life of red blood cells. Another plasticiser, BTHC (butanoyl ... ...

Abstract	The use of DEHP (diethylhexyl phthalate) is now banned for most applications in Europe; the exception is for blood bags, where its toxicity is overshadowed by its ability to extend the storage life of red blood cells. Another plasticiser, BTHC (butanoyl trihexyl citrate), is used in paediatric blood bags but does not stabilise blood cells as effectively. Interactions between plasticisers and lipids are investigated with a phospholipid, DMPC, to understand the increased stability of blood cells in the presence of DEHP as well as bioaccumulation and identify differences with BTHC. Mixed monolayers of DMPC and DEHP or BTHC were studied on Langmuir troughs where surface pressure/area isotherms can be measured. Neutron reflection measurements were made to determine the composition and structure of these mixed layers. A large amount of plasticiser can be incorporated into a DMPC monolayer but once an upper limit is reached, plasticiser is selectively removed from the interface at high surface pressures. The upper limit is found to occur between 40-60 mol% for DEHP and 20-40 mol% for BTHC. The areas per molecule are also different with DEHP being in the range of 50-100 Å
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate ; Phospholipids ; Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine ; Blood Preservation/methods ; Butyrates
Chemical Substances	Diethylhexyl Phthalate (C42K0PH13C) ; butyryl-n-trihexylcitrate (82469-79-2) ; Phospholipids ; Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (U86ZGC74V5) ; Butyrates
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2191476-X
ISSN	1744-6848 ; 1744-683X
ISSN (online)	1744-6848
ISSN	1744-683X
DOI	10.1039/d3sm01611k
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Article ; Online: Programmable Data Plane Applications in 5G and Beyond Architectures: A Systematic Review.

Brito, Jorge Andrés / Moreno, José Ignacio / Contreras, Luis Miguel / Alvarez-Campana, Manuel / Blanco Caamaño, Marta

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 15

Abstract: The rapid evolution of 5G and beyond technologies has sparked an unprecedented surge in the need for networking infrastructure that can deliver high speed, minimal latency, and remarkable flexibility. The programmable data plane, which enables the ... ...

Abstract	The rapid evolution of 5G and beyond technologies has sparked an unprecedented surge in the need for networking infrastructure that can deliver high speed, minimal latency, and remarkable flexibility. The programmable data plane, which enables the dynamic reconfiguration of network functions and protocols, is becoming increasingly important in meeting these requirements. This paper provides an overview of the current state of the art in programmable data planes implemented in 5G and beyond architectures. It proposes a classification of the reviewed studies based on system architecture and specific use cases. Furthermore, the article surveys the primary applications of programmable devices in emerging telecommunication networks, such as tunneling and forwarding, network slicing, cybersecurity, and in-band telemetry. Finally, this publication summarizes the open research challenges and future directions. In addition to offering a comprehensive review of programmable data plane applications in telecommunication networks, this article aims to guide further research in this promising field for network operators and researchers alike.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s23156955
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Article ; Online: Motor-cortex excitability and response variability following paired-associative stimulation: a proof-of-concept study comparing individualized and fixed inter-stimulus intervals.

Campana, M / Papazova, I / Pross, B / Hasan, A / Strube, W

Experimental brain research

2019 Volume 237, Issue 7, Page(s) 1727–1734

Abstract: While diverging efficacy and inter-individual response variability have repeatedly been reported for paired-associative stimulation (PAS), approaches to overcome these issues are yet lacking. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine whether ... ...

Abstract	While diverging efficacy and inter-individual response variability have repeatedly been reported for paired-associative stimulation (PAS), approaches to overcome these issues are yet lacking. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine whether response variability could be reduced through the application of an individualized PAS paradigm. Changes of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) elicited motor-evoked potentials (MEP) following different PAS paradigms were assessed in three experimental conditions. According to a within-subjects design, 21 participants received three consecutive PAS paradigms differing with respect to the applied inter-stimulus intervals (ISI) between peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) and TMS. Based on foregoing considerations, we compared fixed ISI of 25 ms (PAS 25) and 22 ms (PAS 22) to an individualized PAS paradigm accounting for conduction time differences on the single subject level (iPAS). Overall, we did not observe significantly increased post-stimulation MEP magnitudes in any of the three experimental paradigms. Explorative analyses revealed increased inter-individual response variability in case of PAS 25 and PAS 22 compared to higher rates of expected MEP magnitude increases in case of our iPAS paradigm. The findings of our proof-of-concept study points towards a potential association of decreased inter-individual variability with individually selected ISI that account for differences in conduction time. However, as our findings did not reach the significance threshold, our study highlights the issue of intra-individual variability in PAS paradigms. Further replication studies with larger sample sizes and repetitive designs are needed to confirm our findings.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Association Learning/physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Proof of Concept Study ; Single-Blind Method ; Time Factors ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	1201-4
ISSN	1432-1106 ; 0014-4819
ISSN (online)	1432-1106
ISSN	0014-4819
DOI	10.1007/s00221-019-05542-x
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Article ; Online: Characteristics and definitions of ultra-treatment-resistant schizophrenia - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Campana, Mattia / Falkai, Peter / Siskind, Dan / Hasan, Alkomiet / Wagner, Elias

Schizophrenia research

2021 Volume 228, Page(s) 218–226

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to characterize ultra-treatment-resistant Schizophrenia also known as clozapine-resistant schizophrenia (CRS) patients across clozapine combination and augmentation trials through ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to characterize ultra-treatment-resistant Schizophrenia also known as clozapine-resistant schizophrenia (CRS) patients across clozapine combination and augmentation trials through demographic and clinical baseline data. Furthermore, we investigated the variability and consistency in CRS definitions between studies. Methods: Systematic searches of articles indexed in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and PsycINFO were conducted in March 2020. 1541 randomized and non-randomized clinical trials investigating pharmacological and non-pharmacological clozapine add-on strategies were screened and a total of 71 studies were included. The primary outcome was the overall symptom score at baseline, measured with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total or Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) total scores. Results: Data from 2731 patients were extracted. Patients were overall moderately ill with a mean PANSS total score at baseline of 79.16 (±7.52), a mean duration of illness of 14.64 (±4.14) years with a mean clozapine dose of 436.94 (±87.47) mg/day. Illness severity data were relatively homogenous among patients independently of the augmentation strategy involved, although stark geographical differences were found. Overall, studies showed a large heterogeneity of CRS definitions and insufficient guidelines implementation. Conclusions: This first meta-analysis characterizing CRS patients and comparing CRS definitions revealed a lack of consistent implementation of a CRS definition from guidelines into clinical trials, compromising the replicability of the results and their applicability in clinical practice. We offer a new score modeled on a best practice definition to help future trials increase their reliability.
MeSH term(s)	Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use ; Clozapine/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Antipsychotic Agents ; Clozapine (J60AR2IKIC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	639422-x
ISSN	1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
ISSN (online)	1573-2509
ISSN	0920-9964
DOI	10.1016/j.schres.2020.12.002
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Article ; Online: Structural model of tissue factor (TF) and TF-factor VIIa complex in a lipid membrane: A combined experimental and computational study.

Luchini, Alessandra / Tidemand, Frederik Grønbæk / Araya-Secchi, Raul / Campana, Mario / Cárdenas, Marité / Arleth, Lise

Journal of colloid and interface science

2022 Volume 623, Page(s) 294–305

Abstract: Tissue factor (TF) is a membrane protein involved in blood coagulation. TF initiates a cascade of proteolytic reactions, ultimately leading to the formation of a blood clot. The first reaction consists of the binding of the coagulation factor VII and its ...

Abstract	Tissue factor (TF) is a membrane protein involved in blood coagulation. TF initiates a cascade of proteolytic reactions, ultimately leading to the formation of a blood clot. The first reaction consists of the binding of the coagulation factor VII and its conversion to the activated form, FVIIa. Here, we combined experimental, i.e. quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and neutron reflectometry, and computational, i.e. molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, methods to derive a complete structural model of TF and TF/FVIIa complex in a lipid bilayer. This model shows that the TF transmembrane domain (TMD), and the flexible linker connecting the TMD to the extracellular domain (ECD), define the location of the ECD on the membrane surface. The average orientation of the ECD relative to the bilayer surface is slightly tilted towards the lipid headgroups, a conformation that we suggest is promoted by phosphatidylserine lipids, and favours the binding of FVIIa. On the other hand, the formation of the TF/FVIIa complex induces minor changes in the TF structure, and reduces the conformational freedom of both TF and FVIIA. Altogether we describe the protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions favouring blood coagulation, but also instrumental to the development of new drugs.
MeSH term(s)	Factor VIIa/chemistry ; Factor VIIa/metabolism ; Lipid Bilayers/chemistry ; Models, Structural ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Thromboplastin/chemistry ; Thromboplastin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Lipid Bilayers ; Thromboplastin (9035-58-9) ; Factor VIIa (EC 3.4.21.21)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	241597-5
ISSN	1095-7103 ; 0021-9797
ISSN (online)	1095-7103
ISSN	0021-9797
DOI	10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.147
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Article ; Online: Previous in-home physiotherapy prevents institutionalization after short-term hospitalization in community-dwelling older dependent people.

Sebban, A / Lesclide, E / Bonin-Guillaume, S / Campana, M / Grino, M / Franqui, C

Aging clinical and experimental research

2019 Volume 32, Issue 7, Page(s) 1271–1277

Abstract: Aims: Short-term hospitalization of community-dwelling older dependent people in a geriatric acute care unit is sometimes needed to treat an acute health problem. Serious loss of independence can lead to difficulties in maintaining home care and is ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Short-term hospitalization of community-dwelling older dependent people in a geriatric acute care unit is sometimes needed to treat an acute health problem. Serious loss of independence can lead to difficulties in maintaining home care and is followed, at hospital discharge, to institutionalization in a long-term care home. We investigated the variables, particularly those related to the paramedical staff at home, predicting a return home or an institutionalization at hospital discharge. Methods: Retrospective observational study of 398 sixty and more year-old patients, living at home, having a natural caregiver, and hospitalized in an acute care unit of the State Geriatric Center. Results: 289 (72.6%) patients returned home, 101 (25.3%) were admitted in a long-term care home, and 8 (2%) died. Independent predictors of institutionalization were length of stay in the acute care unit [adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.102, P < 0.001], disruptive behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD, AOR = 1.827, P = 0.039), caregiver burden (AOR = 1.976, P = 0.038), moderately severe-to-severe cognitive impairment (AOR = 2.121, P = 0.011), and living alone with a close or a remote caregiver (AOR = 2.620 and 4.446, P = 0.003 and 0.001, respectively). In-home physiotherapy was independently associated (AOR = 0.393, P = 0.002) with a lower risk of institutionalization. Conclusion: In-home physiotherapy should be recommended to community-dwelling older dependent people, especially if they are living alone and/or if they present disruptive BPSD and/or moderately severe-to-severe cognitive impairment.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Caregivers ; Cognitive Dysfunction/therapy ; Dementia/therapy ; Female ; Home Care Services ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Institutionalization ; Long-Term Care ; Male ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-17
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	2104785-6
ISSN	1720-8319 ; 1594-0667
ISSN (online)	1720-8319
ISSN	1594-0667
DOI	10.1007/s40520-019-01310-7
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