LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 44

Search options

Article ; Online: Artificial pollination of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch. var. chinensis) (Ericales: Actinidiaceae) results in greater fruit set compared to flowers pollinated by managed bees (Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Bombus impatiens Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae)).

Abbate, Anthony P / Campbell, Joshua W / Williams, Geoffrey R

2023 Volume 116, Issue 3, Page(s) 674–685

Abstract: Due to a lack of knowledge on the pollination requirements of kiwifruit cultivars grown within the United States, farmers simultaneously implement multiple pollination methods, like the rental of managed bee species or artificial pollination to achieve ... ...

Abstract	Due to a lack of knowledge on the pollination requirements of kiwifruit cultivars grown within the United States, farmers simultaneously implement multiple pollination methods, like the rental of managed bee species or artificial pollination to achieve high fruit yields. However, implementing multiple pollination methods is costly and possibly an inefficient use of resources. We assessed the contribution of two managed bees (Apis mellifera and Bombus impatiens) to the pollination of kiwifruit by i) determining the relative abundance of kiwifruit pollen collected by foragers of each bee species, and ii) comparing fruit set and fruit quality among insect and artificially pollinated flowers through an insect exclusion experiment. A significant difference was observed between the mean relative abundance of kiwifruit pollen carried in the corbicula of A. mellifera and B. impatiens, with B. impatiens carrying on average 46% more kiwifruit pollen than A. mellifera. Artificially pollinated kiwifruit flowers set significantly greater numbers of fruit per flower at four weeks post-bloom and at harvest compared to insect pollination, wind pollination, and pollen exclusion treatment. Artificial pollination produced fruits of greater weight, size, and seed number compared to insect-pollinated flowers, and few fruits were produced in the pollen exclusion and wind pollination treatments. Kiwifruit producers experiencing similar conditions to ours should focus on artificially pollinating their crops rather than relying on managed or wild insects for kiwifruit pollination. Future research should evaluate other methods of artificial pollination to determine their effectiveness, efficiency, and economics in the pollination of kiwifruit grown within the United States.
MeSH term(s)	Bees ; Animals ; Fruit ; Hymenoptera ; Ericales ; Actinidia ; Actinidiaceae ; Pollination ; Flowers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3031-4
ISSN	1938-291X ; 0022-0493
ISSN (online)	1938-291X
ISSN	0022-0493
DOI	10.1093/jee/toad044
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.B 1118: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: A 12,000 kyr paleohydroclimate record in the southeastern, U.S.A based on deuterium from bat guano

Tsalickis, Alexandra / Waters, Matthew N. / Campbell, Joshua W.

Environmental earth sciences. 2022 Mar., v. 81, no. 5

2022

Abstract: The southeastern United States endures environmental change from human population increase, climate change, and land-use alterations creating the need to understand baseline conditions and environmental patterns prior to human impacts. While ... ...

Abstract	The southeastern United States endures environmental change from human population increase, climate change, and land-use alterations creating the need to understand baseline conditions and environmental patterns prior to human impacts. While paleoenvironmental data can be reconstructed from a variety of archives (e.g., lake sediments, tree rings, speleothems), some geographic areas contain fewer such records. One archive capable of recording moisture regimes and other paleoenvironmental changes over millennia but has received little attention relative to other climate proxies is bat guano deposits in cave systems. Bat guano deposits are found in many cave environments in the southeastern United States and can be used as an archive of paleoenvironmental data including precipitation, vegetation, and aspects associated with the ecology of bats. Here, we present a 12,000-year record of paleoenvironmental change based on δ²H stable isotopes in a guano core collected from Cave Springs Cave in Alabama, USA. Results suggest distinct shifts in moisture with dryer conditions during the early Holocene/late Pleistocene (12,200–9500 cal year BP) (δ²H values − 86.82 to −-77.70), wetter conditions during the middle Holocene (9300–3900 cal year BP) (δ²H values − 125.74 to − 80.63), roughly coinciding with the Holocene Climatic Optimum event time interval (9000–5000 cal year BP). During the last 4000 years, conditions in the region shifted in the southeastern United States region becoming dryer once again. Climate inferences based on guano δ²H are consistent with the role of atmospheric moisture on regional vegetation changes suggested by previous pollen records obtained from lake sediment cores. This study suggests bat guano δ²H may be a reliable method to provide a long-term paleoclimate record.
Keywords	Chiroptera ; Holocene epoch ; Pleistocene epoch ; animal manures ; climate ; climate change ; deuterium ; human population ; humans ; lakes ; land use ; paleoclimatology ; paleoecology ; pollen ; population growth ; sediments ; vegetation ; Alabama
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-03
Size	p. 148.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2493699-6
ISSN	1866-6299 ; 1866-6280
ISSN (online)	1866-6299
ISSN	1866-6280
DOI	10.1007/s12665-022-10234-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Sexual dimorphism in excess power index of four North American native bees (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae, Apidae, and Halictidae)

Vigueira, Patrick A. / Vigueira, Cynthia C. / Campbell, Joshua W. / Ladner, Samia / Hayes, Gabrielle / Riser, Elizabeth

Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 2023 Apr. 11, v. 96 p.121-128

2023

Abstract: AbstractA multitude of hymenopteran species exhibit sexual dimorphism for simple traits, such as color, size, or antennal segment number. These differences can reflect selection for specialized biological roles, many of which have not been documented ... ...

Abstract	AbstractA multitude of hymenopteran species exhibit sexual dimorphism for simple traits, such as color, size, or antennal segment number. These differences can reflect selection for specialized biological roles, many of which have not been documented for the majority of bee and wasp species. The excess power index (EPI) is an estimate of insect flight performance that is inferred by the combination of several morphological characteristics. We compared the female and male EPIs in four species of native bees: Agapostemon virescens Fabricius, Andrena carlini Cockerell, Melissodes bimaculata Lepeletier and Xylocopa virginica L.. While females of each species had a significantly larger whole body mass, males had a significantly larger EPI. A larger body mass for females is associated with egg laying abilities and foraging behavior. Male fitness may be dependent on EPI; males that have greater flight capacity can travel further or remain in flight for longer time periods in search of mates.
Keywords	Agapostemon ; Andrena ; Melissodes ; Xylocopa virginica ; bees ; body weight ; color ; eggs ; females ; flight ; insect flight ; males ; research ; sexual dimorphism ; wasps ; excess power index ; flight machinery ; wing loading
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0411
Size	p. 121-128.
Publishing place	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2477175-2
ISSN	1314-2607 ; 1070-9428
ISSN (online)	1314-2607
ISSN	1070-9428
DOI	10.3897/jhr.96.98652
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Order via subito

Article ; Online: The Pollination and Fruit Quality of Two Kiwifruit Cultivars (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis 'AU Golden Sunshine' and 'AU Gulf Coast Gold') (Ericales: Actinidiaceae) Grown in the Southeastern United States.

Abbate, Anthony P / Campbell, Joshua W / Vinson, Edgar L / Williams, Geoffrey R

Journal of economic entomology

2021 Volume 114, Issue 3, Page(s) 1234–1241

Abstract: Kiwifruit is a new emerging crop for the southeastern United States that requires cross-pollination to set fruit. However, the pollination requirements for varieties grown in the southeastern United States are unknown. Through insect surveys and a ... ...

Abstract	Kiwifruit is a new emerging crop for the southeastern United States that requires cross-pollination to set fruit. However, the pollination requirements for varieties grown in the southeastern United States are unknown. Through insect surveys and a bagging experiment, we assessed the pollination requirements of two female kiwifruit cultivars (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis 'AU Golden Sunshine' and A. chinensis var. chinensis 'AU Gulf Coast Gold'). For each, fruit quantity (fruit set) and fruit quality (weight, size, seed count, firmness, soluble solid content, and dry matter) were compared among three pollination treatments (wind, insect, and artificial pollination). Low abundances of insects were observed visiting female flowers of both kiwifruit cultivars, and therefore likely minimally influenced kiwifruit pollination. Artificial pollination resulted in the greatest percentages of fruit set and marketable fruits, followed by insect and wind pollination. Artificial pollination resulted in fruits that were greater in weight, size, and contained more seeds, than insect- and wind-pollinated fruits. Firmness and soluble solid content did not vary greatly between pollination treatments, yet were greater in 'AU Golden Sunshine'. Dry matter content did not vary greatly between pollination treatments or between each cultivar. To maximize yields and optimize fruit quality, these results suggest that kiwifruit producers should place more effort into artificial pollination compared to wind and insect pollination. Future research should explore the use of managed bees (e.g., honey bees and bumble bees) within kiwifruit orchards to determine ways to utilize them as a secondary source for pollination needs.
MeSH term(s)	Actinidia ; Actinidiaceae ; Animals ; Bees ; Ericales ; Fruit ; Gold ; Pollination ; Southeastern United States
Chemical Substances	Gold (7440-57-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	3031-4
ISSN	1938-291X ; 0022-0493
ISSN (online)	1938-291X
ISSN	0022-0493
DOI	10.1093/jee/toab075
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.B 1118: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Plant‐mediated effects of fire and fragmentation drive plant–pollinator interaction β‐diversity in fire‐dependent pine savannas

Moreno‐García, Pablo / Freeman, Johanna E. / Campbell, Joshua W. / Broadbent, Eben N. / Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica M. / Prata, Gabriel / de Almeida, Danilo R. A. / Gilb, Scott / Baiser, Benjamin

Oikos. 2024 Jan., v. 2024, no. 1 p.e10212-

2024

Abstract: Interaction β‐diversity is a measure essential for understanding and conserving species interactions and ecosystem functioning. Interaction β‐diversity explains the variation in species interactions across spatial and temporal gradients, resulting from ... ...

Abstract	Interaction β‐diversity is a measure essential for understanding and conserving species interactions and ecosystem functioning. Interaction β‐diversity explains the variation in species interactions across spatial and temporal gradients, resulting from species turnover or interaction rewiring. Each component of interaction β‐diversity has different ecological implications and practical consequences. While interaction β‐diversity due to species turnover is related to assembly processes and fragmentation, rewiring can support high biodiversity and confer resilience to ecological networks. However, it is unclear whether both components respond to the same or different ecological drivers. Here, we assessed the ecological drivers of plant–pollinator interaction β‐diversity and its components across 24 sites in 9 longleaf pine (LLP) savannas in north and central Florida. We evaluated the effects of flowering plant composition and flower abundance, vegetation, fire regime, soil moisture, terrain characteristics, climate, spatial context and geographic location. We used path analysis to evaluate the drivers of spatial interaction β‐diversity and its main components. We then used generalized linear mixed models to assess the temporal patterns of spatial β‐diversity among sites within preserves. We found that plant–pollinator networks in LLP savannas are highly variable across space and time, mainly due to species turnover and possibly in response to abiotic gradients and dispersal boundaries. Flower abundance and flowering plant composition, geographic location, fire seasonality, soil moisture, and landscape context were the main drivers of plant–pollinator β‐diversity, highlighting the role of fire management and habitat connectivity in preserving plant–pollinator networks.
Keywords	Pinus palustris ; biodiversity ; climate ; ecosystems ; fire regime ; flowers ; habitat connectivity ; landscapes ; path analysis ; soil water ; space and time ; vegetation ; Florida
Language	English
Dates of publication	2024-01
Publishing place	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	207359-6
ISSN	0030-1299
ISSN	0030-1299
DOI	10.1111/oik.10212
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 4824: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: The Pollination and Fruit Quality of Two Kiwifruit Cultivars (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘AU Golden Sunshine’ and ‘AU Gulf Coast Gold') (Ericales: Actinidiaceae) Grown in the Southeastern United States

Abbate, Anthony P. / Campbell, Joshua W. / Vinson, Edgar L. / Williams, Geoffrey R.

Journal of economic entomology. 2021 Apr. 22, v. 114, no. 3

2021

Abstract	Kiwifruit is a new emerging crop for the southeastern United States that requires cross-pollination to set fruit. However, the pollination requirements for varieties grown in the southeastern United States are unknown. Through insect surveys and a bagging experiment, we assessed the pollination requirements of two female kiwifruit cultivars (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘AU Golden Sunshine’ and A. chinensis var. chinensis ‘AU Gulf Coast Gold'). For each, fruit quantity (fruit set) and fruit quality (weight, size, seed count, firmness, soluble solid content, and dry matter) were compared among three pollination treatments (wind, insect, and artificial pollination). Low abundances of insects were observed visiting female flowers of both kiwifruit cultivars, and therefore likely minimally influenced kiwifruit pollination. Artificial pollination resulted in the greatest percentages of fruit set and marketable fruits, followed by insect and wind pollination. Artificial pollination resulted in fruits that were greater in weight, size, and contained more seeds, than insect- and wind-pollinated fruits. Firmness and soluble solid content did not vary greatly between pollination treatments, yet were greater in ‘AU Golden Sunshine'. Dry matter content did not vary greatly between pollination treatments or between each cultivar. To maximize yields and optimize fruit quality, these results suggest that kiwifruit producers should place more effort into artificial pollination compared to wind and insect pollination. Future research should explore the use of managed bees (e.g., honey bees and bumble bees) within kiwifruit orchards to determine ways to utilize them as a secondary source for pollination needs.
Keywords	Actinidia chinensis ; coasts ; cross pollination ; cultivars ; dry matter content ; entomology ; females ; firmness ; fruit quality ; fruit set ; fruits ; honey ; insect pollination ; kiwifruit ; solar radiation ; total soluble solids ; wind ; wind pollination
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0422
Size	p. 1234-1241.
Publishing place	Entomological Society of America
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	3031-4
ISSN	0022-0493
ISSN	0022-0493
DOI	10.1093/jee/toab075
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 1776: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Does allochthonous leaf litter structure terrestrial cave invertebrate assemblages?

Campbell, Joshua W. / Tsalickis, Alexandra / Cuminale, Anthony / Abbate, Anthony

Journal of natural history. 2021 Apr. 18, v. 55, no. 15-16

2021

Abstract: Allochthonous materials are the main sources of nutrients for most cave invertebrate communities. However, scant research exists about the differences in quality of various cave nutrient sources. We investigated whether different types of leaf litter ... ...

Abstract	Allochthonous materials are the main sources of nutrients for most cave invertebrate communities. However, scant research exists about the differences in quality of various cave nutrient sources. We investigated whether different types of leaf litter would attract different terrestrial invertebrates within cave ecosystems. We placed six leaf types: (1) Maple (Acer saccharum) (2) Dogwood (Cornus florida) (3) Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) (4) Pine (Pinus taeda) (5) Swamp White Oak (Quercus bicolor) (6) Southern Red Oak (Quercus falcata) in three caves in north Alabama. Leaf sets were placed within the twilight and dark zones within each cave and gathered at 30, 60, and 100-day intervals. Leaves were dried, weighed, and C/N analyses of leaves were determined. Pine had significantly higher C/N ratios whereas dogwood and red oak had the lowest. However, abundances of the most commonly collected invertebrates (e.g. Collembola and Acari) were not affected by the leaf type despite some leaves (e.g. pine) being a lower quality food source. Additionally, no differences in overall invertebrate abundance or taxa richness were found neither among the leaf types nor between the twilight and dark zones. Our data suggests that terrestrial invertebrate abundance is not solely driven by food quality and could be driven by multiple factors.
Keywords	Acari ; Acer saccharum ; Collembola ; Cornus florida ; Liquidambar styraciflua ; Pinus taeda ; Quercus bicolor ; Quercus falcata ; food quality ; invertebrates ; leaves ; natural history ; plant litter ; Alabama
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0418
Size	p. 1021-1032.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1467695-3
ISSN	1464-5262 ; 0022-2933
ISSN (online)	1464-5262
ISSN	0022-2933
DOI	10.1080/00222933.2021.1930226
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Fruit Set and Single Visit Stigma Pollen Deposition by Managed Bumble Bees and Wild Bees in Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae).

Campbell, Joshua W / Daniels, Jaret C / Ellis, James D

Journal of economic entomology

2018 Volume 111, Issue 2, Page(s) 989–992

Abstract: Pollinators provide essential services for watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.; Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae). Managed bumble bees, Bombus impatiens (Cresson; Hymenoptera: Apidae), have been shown to be a useful watermelon pollinator in some areas. ... ...

Abstract	Pollinators provide essential services for watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.; Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae). Managed bumble bees, Bombus impatiens (Cresson; Hymenoptera: Apidae), have been shown to be a useful watermelon pollinator in some areas. However, the exact contribution bumble bees make to watermelon pollination and how their contribution compares to that of other bees is unclear. We used large cages (5.4 × 2.5 × 2.4 m) to confine bumble bee hives to watermelon plants and compared fruit set in those cages to cages containing watermelons but no pollinators, and to open areas of field next to cages (allows all pollinators). We also collected data on single visit pollen deposition onto watermelon stigmas by managed bumble bees, honey bees, and wild bees. Overall, more fruit formed within the open cages than in cages of the other two treatment groups. B. impatiens and Melissodes spp. deposited the most pollen onto watermelon stigmas per visit, but all bee species observed visiting watermelon flowers were capable of depositing ample pollen to watermelon stigmas. Although B. impatiens did deposit large quantities of pollen to stigmas, they were not common within the field (i.e., outside the cages) as they were readily drawn to flowering plants outside of the watermelon field. Overall, bumble bees can successfully pollinate watermelon, but may be useful in greenhouses or high tunnels where watermelon flowers have no competition from other flowering plants that could draw bumble bees away from watermelon.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Beekeeping ; Bees/physiology ; Citrullus/growth & development ; Florida ; Flowers/growth & development ; Fruit/growth & development ; Pollination
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	3031-4
ISSN	1938-291X ; 0022-0493
ISSN (online)	1938-291X
ISSN	0022-0493
DOI	10.1093/jee/toy008
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.B 1118: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: The Health of Commercial Bombus impatiens (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies After Foraging in Florida Watermelon and Blueberry.

Campbell, Joshua W / Bammer, Mary / Bustamante, Tomas A / Ellis, James D

Environmental entomology

2019 Volume 48, Issue 5, Page(s) 1197–1202

Abstract: Bumble bees are commonly used to provide pollination services within crop fields and greenhouses, with Bombus impatiens Cresson; Hymenoptera: Apidae, a bee native to the eastern United States, being the only managed bumble bee available commercially in ... ...

Abstract	Bumble bees are commonly used to provide pollination services within crop fields and greenhouses, with Bombus impatiens Cresson; Hymenoptera: Apidae, a bee native to the eastern United States, being the only managed bumble bee available commercially in the United States. Although many researchers have explored managed bumble bees' ability to pollinate various crops and the potential spread of pathogens by managed bumble bees, scant research is available on how managed bumble bee colony health is affected after foraging within crop fields. We measured 10 B. impatiens colony health parameters: 1) colony weight; number of 2) honey/pollen pots, 3) workers, 4) queens, 5) drones, 6) immatures, 7) eggs; and weight of 8) workers, 9) drones, and 10) queens from colonies that foraged within blueberry or watermelon fields, and compared them to control colonies that were purchased and immediately frozen upon receipt. Bees that foraged within blueberry increased in colony weight and in the number of immatures and eggs during the bloom period compared to control colonies. In contrast, bee colonies placed within watermelon decreased in colony weight, number of workers and immature bees, and individual bee weight compared to control colonies. Blueberry appeared to provide bees with sufficient nectar and pollen, whereas watermelon may not have provided adequate resources for the bees. Bees foraging within watermelon were probably forced to search for other sources of pollen and nectar, resulting in colony health parameter declines. Our data suggest that some crops (e.g., blueberry) can support managed B. impatiens, potentially adding to localized bumble bee populations, while others (e.g., watermelon) cannot.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bees ; Blueberry Plants ; Citrullus ; Florida ; Hymenoptera ; Ovum ; Pollination
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	120799-4
ISSN	1938-2936 ; 0046-2268 ; 0046-225X
ISSN (online)	1938-2936
ISSN	0046-2268 ; 0046-225X
DOI	10.1093/ee/nvz081
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 2779: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Prescribed fire and other fuel-reduction treatments alter ground spider assemblages in a Southern Appalachian hardwood forest

Campbell, Joshua W. / Grodsky, Steven M. / Milne, Marc A. / Vigueira, Patrick / Vigueira, Cynthia C. / Stern, Emily / Greenberg, Cathryn H.

Forest ecology and management. 2022 Apr. 15, v. 510

2022

Abstract: Prescribed burns and understory thinnings are forest management practices aimed at reducing fuel loads to lessen wildfire threat in the Southern Appalachians, USA. Spiders play a critical role in forest ecosystems by controlling insect populations and ... ...

Abstract	Prescribed burns and understory thinnings are forest management practices aimed at reducing fuel loads to lessen wildfire threat in the Southern Appalachians, USA. Spiders play a critical role in forest ecosystems by controlling insect populations and providing an important food source for vertebrates. We used pitfall and colored pan traps to investigate how abundance, species richness, and diversity of spiders differed among three fuel reduction treatments administered repeatedly over a 15-year period and untreated controls. Additionally, we examined how spiders responded to one round (before and after) of fuel reduction treatments. We established treatments within the 15-year period as follows: mechanical understory removal (twice; M), prescribed burning (four times; B), mechanical understory removal followed one year later by high-severity prescribed burns and three subsequent burns (MB), and untreated controls (C). Our study period (2014–2016) occurred after multiple prescribed burns and two rounds of mechanical understory removal had occurred. Salticidae and Lycosidae were the two most commonly collected spider families in Southern Appalachian hardwood forests. Generally, we found increased spider abundances within all fuel-reduction treatments compared to controls. Individual spider families and species showed variable responses to treatments, but abundance of several spider families was greater in one or more fuel-reduction treatments than in controls. Additionally, abundance of several spider families and hunting/web building guilds (webs built for hunting purposes or defense) exhibited yearly differences to the last round of fuel-reduction treatments. Overall, our results suggest that changes in the overstory and understory of a forest are important drivers of regional spider abundance and assemblages, and forest management practices that modify forest structure can dramatically alter spider abundance and richness, usually in a positive manner.
Keywords	Lycosidae ; Salticidae ; administrative management ; forest management ; hardwood ; hardwood forests ; insects ; overstory ; prescribed burning ; species richness ; spiders ; understory ; wildfires
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0415
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	751138-3
ISSN	0378-1127
ISSN	0378-1127
DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120127
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 6026: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

To top

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED