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  1. Article ; Online: Comments on: Braccia, Amy, Jamie Lau, Jesse Robinson, Michael Croasdaile, Jeong Park, and Art Parola (2023). "Macroinvertebrate assemblages from a stream-wetland complex: a case study with implications for assessing restored hydrologic functions".

    Campbell, Julian J N

    Environmental monitoring and assessment

    2023  Volume 195, Issue 10, Page(s) 1196

    MeSH term(s) Rivers ; Wetlands ; Environmental Monitoring
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 782621-7
    ISSN 1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
    ISSN (online) 1573-2959
    ISSN 0167-6369
    DOI 10.1007/s10661-023-11671-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Culture Requests and Multi-Drug Resistance among Suspected Urinary Tract Infections in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Freetown, Sierra Leone (2017-21): A Cross-Sectional Study.

    Campbell, Julian S O / van Henten, Saskia / Koroma, Zikan / Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn / Kamara, Gladys N / Shewade, Hemant Deepak / Harries, Anthony D

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 8

    Abstract: In sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited information about the use of microbiology laboratory services in patients with suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs). This cross-sectional study assessed the requests for urine culture in patients with ... ...

    Abstract In sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited information about the use of microbiology laboratory services in patients with suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs). This cross-sectional study assessed the requests for urine culture in patients with suspected UTI in two tertiary (maternal and paediatric) hospitals-Freetown and Sierra Leone, during May 2017-May 2021-and determined antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns among bacterial isolates. One laboratory served the two hospitals, with its electronic database used to extract information. Overall, there were 980 patients, of whom 168 (17%) had cultures requested and performed. Of these, 75 (45%) were culture positive. During 2017-2019, there were 930 patients, of whom 156 (17%) had cultures performed. During 2020-2021, when services were disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, there were 50 patients, of whom 12 (24%) had cultures performed. The four commonest isolates were
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pandemics ; Sierra Leone/epidemiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph19084865
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online: Management Consultancy Insights and Real Consultancy Projects

    Manville, Graham / Campbell, Julian / Matthias, Olga

    2017  

    Abstract: Cover" -- "Title" -- "Copyright" -- "Contents" -- "List of figures" -- "List of tables" -- "List of contributors" -- "Foreword" -- "Introduction" -- "Part I Applied academic discourse" -- "1 The management consultant: the Hermes of our time" -- "2 The ... ...

    Abstract "Cover" -- "Title" -- "Copyright" -- "Contents" -- "List of figures" -- "List of tables" -- "List of contributors" -- "Foreword" -- "Introduction" -- "Part I Applied academic discourse" -- "1 The management consultant: the Hermes of our time" -- "2 The challenges and opportunities of stylized facts for management consulting modeling and theory development" -- "3 Create more value for all: a human dignity oriented approach to consulting" -- "4 The role of client knowledge in consulting projects: explorative, exploitative and ambidextrous approaches" -- "5 To be or not to be an internal consultant" -- "6 Consulting in the public sector" -- "7 Applying research methods in strategy consulting" -- "8 Consultancy in management education" -- "Part II Practical implementation: case studies in management consulting" -- "9 Developing capacity for farm consultancy in New Zealand" -- "10 A collaboration for better healthcare" -- "11 An organisational transition: a case of preparation, persistence and person centredness" -- "12 Richard Lewis Communications - cross-cultural management consulting: from cultural awareness to global competence" -- "13 Talent management within XYZ global investment bank" -- "14 Making lemonade from lemons: the role of client-consultant knowledge as the Limoneira company goes global" -- "15 Case study: public sector management consulting in Sub-Saharan Africa" -- "16 Indigeneity and management consulting in Aotearoa New Zealand" -- "17 Consultants: the custodians of best practices" -- "Conclusion
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (278 pages)
    Edition 1st ed
    Document type Book ; Online
    ISBN 9781138090132 ; 9781317102076 ; 9781138090132 ; 1138090131 ; 131710207X ; 1138090131
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  4. Article ; Online: Hand Hygiene Compliance at Two Tertiary Hospitals in Freetown, Sierra Leone, in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study.

    Kamara, Gladys Nanilla / Sevalie, Stephen / Molleh, Bailah / Koroma, Zikan / Kallon, Christiana / Maruta, Anna / Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn / Kanu, Joseph Sam / Campbell, Julian S O / Shewade, Hemant Deepak / van Henten, Saskia / Harries, Anthony D

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 5

    Abstract: Hand hygiene actions are essential to reduce healthcare-associated infections and the development of antimicrobial resistance. In this cross-sectional study at two tertiary hospitals, Freetown, Sierra Leone, we observed hand hygiene compliance (defined ... ...

    Abstract Hand hygiene actions are essential to reduce healthcare-associated infections and the development of antimicrobial resistance. In this cross-sectional study at two tertiary hospitals, Freetown, Sierra Leone, we observed hand hygiene compliance (defined as using handwash with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) amongst healthcare workers between June and August 2021. Using the WHO Hand Hygiene tool, observations were made in relation to the type of opportunity, different wards and types of healthcare worker. Overall, 10,461 opportunities for hand hygiene were observed, of which 5086 (49%) resulted in hand hygiene actions. ABHR was used more often than handwash (26% versus 23%, p < 0.001). Overall, compliance was significantly better: after being with a patient/doing a procedure than before (78% after body fluid exposure risk compared with 24% before touching a patient—p < 0.001); in Paediatric (61%) compared with Medical wards (46%)—p < 0.001; and amongst nurses (52%) compared with doctors (44%)—p < 0.001. Similar patterns of compliance were observed within each hospital. In summary, hand hygiene compliance was sub-optimal, especially before being with a patient or before clean/aseptic procedures. Improvement is needed through locally adapted training, hand hygiene reminders in wards and outpatient departments, uninterrupted provision of ABHR and innovative ways to change behaviour.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Cross Infection/prevention & control ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Guideline Adherence ; Hand Disinfection/methods ; Hand Hygiene/methods ; Humans ; Sierra Leone ; Tertiary Care Centers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph19052978
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Immunological insights into COVID-19 in Southern Nigeria.

    Ugwu, Chinedu A / Alao, Oluwasina / John, Oluwagboadurami G / Akinnawo, Blossom / Ajayi, Israel / Odebode, Ooreofe / Bejide, Ifeoluwa / Campbell, Allan / Campbell, Julian / Adole, Jolly A / B Olawoye, Idowu / Akano, Kazeem / Okolie, Johnson / Eromon, Philomena / Olaitan, Peter / Olagunoye, Ajibola / Adebayo, Ibukun / Adebayo, Victor / Babalola, Elizabeth /
    Abioye, Omowumi / Ajayi, Nnennaya / Ogah, Emeka / Ukwaja, Kingsley / Okoro, Sylvanus / Oje, Ogbonnaya / Kingsley, Ojide Chiedozie / Eke, Matthew / Onyia, Venatius / Achonduh-Atijegbe, Olivia / Ewah, Friday Elechi / Obasi, Mary / Igwe, Violet / Ayodeji, Olufemi / Chukwuyem, Abejegah / Owhin, Sampson / Oyejide, Nicholas / Abah, Sylvester / Ingbian, Winifred / Osoba, Moyosoore / Alebiosu, Ahmed / Nadesalingam, Angalee / Aguinam, Ernest T / Carnell, George / Krause, Nina / Chan, Andrew / George, Charlotte / Kinsley, Rebecca / Tonks, Paul / Temperton, Nigel / Heeney, Jonathan / Happi, Christian

    Frontiers in immunology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1305586

    Abstract: Introduction: One of the unexpected outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic was the relatively low levels of morbidity and mortality in Africa compared to the rest of the world. Nigeria, Africa's most populous nation, accounted for less than 0.01% of the ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: One of the unexpected outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic was the relatively low levels of morbidity and mortality in Africa compared to the rest of the world. Nigeria, Africa's most populous nation, accounted for less than 0.01% of the global COVID-19 fatalities. The factors responsible for Nigeria's relatively low loss of life due to COVID-19 are unknown. Also, the correlates of protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and the impact of pre-existing immunity on the outcome of the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa are yet to be elucidated. Here, we evaluated the natural and vaccine-induced immune responses from vaccinated, non-vaccinated and convalescent individuals in Southern Nigeria throughout the three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. We also examined the pre-existing immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 from samples collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Methods: We used spike RBD and N- IgG antibody ELISA to measure binding antibody responses, SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype assay protocol expressing the spike protein of different variants (D614G, Delta, Beta, Omicron BA1) to measure neutralizing antibody responses and nucleoprotein (N) and spike (S1, S2) direct ex vivo interferon gamma (IFNγ) T cell ELISpot to measure T cell responses.
    Result: Our study demonstrated a similar magnitude of both binding (N-IgG (74% and 62%), S-RBD IgG (70% and 53%) and neutralizing (D614G (49% and 29%), Delta (56% and 47%), Beta (48% and 24%), Omicron BA1 (41% and 21%)) antibody responses from symptomatic and asymptomatic survivors in Nigeria. A similar magnitude was also seen among vaccinated participants. Interestingly, we revealed the presence of preexisting binding antibodies (N-IgG (60%) and S-RBD IgG (44%)) but no neutralizing antibodies from samples collected prior to the pandemic.
    Discussion: These findings revealed that both vaccinated, non-vaccinated and convalescent individuals in Southern Nigeria make similar magnitude of both binding and cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses. It supported the presence of preexisting binding antibody responses among some Nigerians prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lastly, hybrid immunity and heterologous vaccine boosting induced the strongest binding and broadly neutralizing antibody responses compared to vaccine or infection-acquired immunity alone.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies ; COVID-19/immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay ; Immunoglobulin G ; Nigeria ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; West African People
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1305586
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: The deployment of mobile diagnostic laboratories for Ebola virus disease diagnostics in Sierra Leone and Guinea.

    Presser, Lance D / Coffin, Jeanette / Koivogui, Lamine / Campbell, Allan / Campbell, Julian / Barrie, Fatmata / Ngobeh, Jone / Souma, Zein / Sorie, Samuel / Harding, Doris / Camara, Alimou / Tohonamou, Pepe / Traore, Basala / Hamill, Frank A / Bogan, Joe / Altmann, Sharon / Ross, Casey / Mansheim, Jay / Hegerty, Robert /
    Poynter, Scott / Shearrer, Scott / Asbun, Carmen / Karlstrand, Brendan / Davis, Phil / Alam, Jane / Roberts, David / Stamper, Paul D / Ndjomou, Jean / Wauquier, Nadia / Koroma, Mohamed / Munu, Alhaji / McClintock, Jason / Mar, Mar / Burns, True / Krcha, Stephen

    African journal of laboratory medicine

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 1414

    Abstract: Background: Ebola virus emerged in West Africa in December 2013. The ease of mobility, porous borders, and lack of public health infrastructure led to the largest Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak to date.: Intervention: The 2013 EVD outbreak ... ...

    Abstract Background: Ebola virus emerged in West Africa in December 2013. The ease of mobility, porous borders, and lack of public health infrastructure led to the largest Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak to date.
    Intervention: The 2013 EVD outbreak signalled the need for laboratory diagnostic capabilities in areas without strong public health systems. As part of the United States' Department of Defense response, MRIGlobal was contracted to design, fabricate, equip, deploy, and operate two mobile diagnostic laboratories (MDLs). The first laboratory analysed blood samples from patients in an adjacent Ebola Treatment Centre (ETC) and buccal swabs from the deceased in the community in Moyamba, Sierra Leone. The second laboratory was deployed to support an ETC in Conakry, Guinea. The Department of Defense provided real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays that were deployed and validated on-site.
    Lessons learnt: Prompt and accurate molecular diagnostics reduced sample turn-around times from over 24 h to under 4 h. Experienced laboratory staff tested up to 110 samples per day and on-site engineering proved necessary for MDL setup and operation. As the Ebola response slowed, the sustainment of the MDLs' operations was prioritised, including staff training and the transition of the MDLs to local governments. Training programmes for local staff were prepared in Sierra Leone and Guinea.
    Recommendations: The MRIGlobal MDL team significantly contributed to establishing increased laboratory capacity during the EVD outbreak in West Africa. Using the MDLs for molecular diagnosis is highly recommended until more sustainable solutions can be provided.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-22
    Publishing country South Africa
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2708535-1
    ISSN 2225-2010 ; 2225-2002
    ISSN (online) 2225-2010
    ISSN 2225-2002
    DOI 10.4102/ajlm.v10i1.1414
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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