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  1. Book: Fungal families of the world

    Cannon, Paul F. / Kirk, Paul M.

    2007  

    Author's details Paul F. Cannon and Paul M. Kirk
    Keywords Pilze
    Subject Echte Pilze ; Fungi ; Höhere Pilze ; Mycophyta ; Mycota ; Mykophyten ; Schwämme ; Großpilze
    Language English
    Size XIII, 456 S. : zahlr. Ill.
    Publisher CABI
    Publishing place Wallingford u.a.
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT014267822
    ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5 ; 0-85199-827-5
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Factors associated with recruitment to randomised controlled trials in general practice: a systematic mixed studies review.

    Moffat, Keith R / Shi, Wen / Cannon, Paul / Sullivan, Frank

    Trials

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 90

    Abstract: Background: A common challenge for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is recruiting enough participants to be adequately powered to answer the research question. Recruitment has been set as a priority research area in trials to improve recruitment and ... ...

    Abstract Background: A common challenge for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is recruiting enough participants to be adequately powered to answer the research question. Recruitment has been set as a priority research area in trials to improve recruitment and thereby reduce wasted resources in conducted trials that fail to recruit sufficiently.
    Methods: We conducted a systematic mixed studies review to identify the factors associated with recruitment to RCTs in general practice. On September 8, 2020, English language studies were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and CENTRAL databases for published studies. NTIS and OpenGrey were searched for grey literature, and BMC Trials was hand searched. A narrative synthesis was conducted for qualitative studies and a thematic synthesis for qualitative studies.
    Results: Thirty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. These were of different study types (10 cross-sectional, 5 non-randomised studies of interventions, 2 RCTs, 10 qualitative and 10 mixed methods). The highest proportion was conducted in the UK (48%). The study quality was generally poor with 24 (65%) studies having major concerns. A complex combination of patient, practitioner or practice factors, and patient, practitioner or practice recruitment were assessed to determine the possible associations. There were more studies of patients than of practices or practitioners.
    Conclusions: For practitioners and patients alike, a trial that is clinically relevant is critical in influencing participation. Competing demands are given as an important reason for declining participation. There are concerns about randomisation relating to its impact on shared decision-making and not knowing which treatment will be assigned. Patients make decisions about whether they are a candidate for the trial even when they objectively fulfil the eligibility criteria. General practice processes, such as difficulties arranging appointments, can hinder recruitment, and a strong pre-existing doctor-patient relationship can improve recruitment. For clinicians, the wish to contribute to the research enterprise itself is seldom an important reason for participating, though clinicians reported being motivated to participate when the research could improve their clinical practice. One of the few experimental findings was that opportunistic recruitment resulted in significantly faster recruitment compared to systematic recruitment. These factors have clear implications for trial design. Methodologically, recruitment research of practices and practitioners should have increased priority. Higher quality studies of recruitment are required to find out what actually works rather than what might work.
    Trial registration: PROSPERO CRD42018100695. Registered on 03 July 2018.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; General Practice ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Research Design ; Systematic Reviews as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2040523-6
    ISSN 1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    ISSN (online) 1745-6215
    ISSN 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    DOI 10.1186/s13063-022-06865-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Current practice trends for lacrimal gland neurotoxin in the management of epiphora-a BOPSS survey.

    O'Rourke, Micheal A / Cannon, Paul S

    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie

    2021  Volume 260, Issue 4, Page(s) 1323–1328

    Abstract: Purpose: Injection of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNTA) to the lacrimal gland (LG) offers a simple and effective treatment in the management of epiphora. However, there is little data on current practice trends or uptake as an alternative to surgery. This ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Injection of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNTA) to the lacrimal gland (LG) offers a simple and effective treatment in the management of epiphora. However, there is little data on current practice trends or uptake as an alternative to surgery. This study assesses current practice trends of such treatment amongst BOPSS (British Oculoplastic Surgery Society) members.
    Methods: All consultant BOPSS members were invited to participate in a web-based survey which consisted of 5 questions, with a reminder invitation to participate. The role, dose, potential side effects, use as an alternative to surgical intervention, and impact on service delivery were assessed.
    Results: Fifty-one BOPSS consultants (43% uptake) completed the survey. Ninety percent of respondents were regularly using LG BoNTA in their management of epiphora. The main indicators for considering BoNTA use were medical comorbidities and elderly patients. The mean first treatment dose of Botox® was 3.6 units (SD 1.5). Diplopia and ptosis complications were always discussed in the consent for treatment in addition to dry eye. Twenty-five percent of surgeons reported doing less conjunctivo-dacryocystorhinostomies (cDCR) due to the availability of LG BoNTA. No respondents felt that the requirement for repeated BoNTA treatments was impacting on their service delivery.
    Conclusion: Uptake of LG BoNTA in the management of epiphora is at a similar rate to all other available treatments. As a result, respondents are performing less surgical procedures, particularly cDCR in patients at higher surgical morbidity.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases/chemically induced ; Neurotoxins ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Chemical Substances Neurotoxins ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A (EC 3.4.24.69)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 8435-9
    ISSN 1435-702X ; 0721-832X
    ISSN (online) 1435-702X
    ISSN 0721-832X
    DOI 10.1007/s00417-021-05457-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Single-step functionalization of silicon nanoparticles providing efficient DNA binding

    Cannon, Paul / Freeland, Brian / Jaquiery, Margaux / McGlynn, Enda / Gaughran, Jennifer

    Colloids and surfaces. 2022 Sept. 05, v. 648

    2022  

    Abstract: Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) offer diverse biomedical applications, but their synthesis is complex, costly, and labour-intensive, particularly when providing for additional functionalization requirements which are a key feature of biomedical ... ...

    Abstract Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) offer diverse biomedical applications, but their synthesis is complex, costly, and labour-intensive, particularly when providing for additional functionalization requirements which are a key feature of biomedical applications. Pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) has previously allowed for the synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles using metal targets, which can then be surface functionalized during synthesis by the surrounding liquid species. Therefore, it should be possible to achieve biomolecule functionalization by ablating in biomolecular solutions. We explore a novel controlled recirculation PLAL scheme which should increase functionalization and productivity of functionalized nanoparticles. Traditional PLAL was performed by ablating a silicon target in a DNA solution. We have extended beyond traditional approaches by ablating the silicon target under novel flow conditions in a controlled recirculating loop of DNA solution. Ablating in a DNA solution allows for high efficiency binding of DNA to silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) in a single step process. By using SiNPs we are significantly reducing the overall cost of the process, when compared with the more traditional use of gold or silver; as well as, using a biocompatible material with an affinity for protein and nucleic acid binding. Reducing the laser shielding effects of particles and debris by removing them from the ablation site produces higher volumes and concentrations of functionalized colloid. Recirculating this liquid over the target has resulted in a 50% relative increase in binding efficiency, compared with static and single-pass flow conditions processing, achieving an average maximum binding efficiency of 78% in flow compared to 52% under static conditions. Furthermore, by reducing the initial DNA concentration, we were able to achieve 100% binding efficiency, which we believe to be the highest reported in literature to date.
    Keywords DNA ; gold ; liquids ; silicon ; silver
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0905
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1500517-3
    ISSN 0927-7757
    ISSN 0927-7757
    DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129217
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Radiology for medical students (1925-2018): an overview.

    Chew, Cindy / Cannon, Paul / O'Dwyer, Patrick J

    BJR open

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 20190050

    Abstract: Objective: Radiology has been espoused as an excellent tool for educating medical students since 1925. Advances in technology and PACS mean it has never been easier to demonstrate living anatomy and clinical pathology in exquisite detail to students. ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Radiology has been espoused as an excellent tool for educating medical students since 1925. Advances in technology and PACS mean it has never been easier to demonstrate living anatomy and clinical pathology in exquisite detail to students. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of radiologic publications related to teaching medical students and its evolution through time.
    Methods: A literature search was performed from inception to November 2018. The search strategies used both text words and relevant indexing related to "radiology", "medical students" and "curriculum".
    Results: 3589 records were identified of which 377 were included. There was a 100 fold increase in rate of publication over time-most were expository or surveys (60%), with few truly experimental articles. Radiology was used in clinical teaching (67%) and anatomy (33%). Almost half of radiologic anatomy teaching was conducted without the input of a Radiologist. Compulsory clinical clerkships/blocks in radiology was offered infrequently (35%). Female first authorship had increased in the last decade (47%).
    Conclusion: There is a significant increase in articles published on the role of radiology in medical student teaching in the last decade. Research in this area is required in order to investigate the role of radiology in improving the modern medical students' education.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2513-9878
    ISSN (online) 2513-9878
    DOI 10.1259/bjro.20190050
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Prostaglandin analogues: A double-edged sword in orbital glaucoma disease management.

    Joganathan, Varajini / Cannon, Paul S / Mercieca, Karl

    European journal of ophthalmology

    2020  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) NP40–NP44

    Abstract: Introduction: The authors describe benefits of the recognised adverse effects of prostaglandin analogues on periocular structures in patients with unilateral proptosis and intraocular pressure rise. This case points to intentional consideration of ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The authors describe benefits of the recognised adverse effects of prostaglandin analogues on periocular structures in patients with unilateral proptosis and intraocular pressure rise. This case points to intentional consideration of prostaglandin analogue therapy in this selected cohort of patients with secondary ocular hypertension and proptosis.
    Case description: A 70-year-old gentleman who presented with a 1-week history of a red and painful right eye associated with tortuous and dilated episcleral blood vessels. Visual acuity was unaffected. A diagnosis of idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease was made by extraocular muscle biopsy. Two weeks later, the patient presented with worsening pain, reduced vision and raised intraocular pressure. The secondary ocular hypertension was successfully treated with topical preserved eye drops, including latanoprost, a prostaglandin analogue. Over 6 months, the patient developed drop intolerance and punctate keratopathy leading to therapy non-adherence. Interestingly, the patient reported improvement in periocular appearance related to prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy. Ocular surface disease and intraocular pressures were subsequently managed with preservative-free eye drops.
    Conclusion: Secondary ocular hypertension is not an uncommon consequence of orbital disease. Prostaglandin analogue can act as a double-edged sword in the management of raised intraocular pressure by reducing eye pressure at the cost of developing adverse effects of prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy. These adverse effects however can be beneficial in the aesthetic rehabilitation of proptosis and associated exposure keratopathy in patients with unilateral orbital disease and probably should be sought as first line treatment in those with proptosis and raised intraocular pressure.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects ; Disease Management ; Glaucoma/drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Orbital Diseases ; Prostaglandins, Synthetic/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Antihypertensive Agents ; Prostaglandins, Synthetic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1089461-5
    ISSN 1724-6016 ; 1120-6721
    ISSN (online) 1724-6016
    ISSN 1120-6721
    DOI 10.1177/1120672120905296
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Upstream interventions to promote oral health and reduce socioeconomic oral health inequalities: a scoping review protocol.

    Dawson, Eleanor R / Stennett, Michelle / Daly, Blánaid / Macpherson, Lorna M D / Cannon, Paul / Watt, Richard G

    BMJ open

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 6, Page(s) e059441

    Abstract: Introduction: Improving oral health and reducing oral health inequalities is an important global health priority. 'Upstream interventions' are a vital part of the collective effort to reduce oral disease burdens, however it is a rather nebulous term. ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Improving oral health and reducing oral health inequalities is an important global health priority. 'Upstream interventions' are a vital part of the collective effort to reduce oral disease burdens, however it is a rather nebulous term. Furthermore, there is little evidence on the effectiveness, impact and sustainability of upstream interventions that have focused on oral health and wider public health measures that impact on oral health. The aim of this scoping review is to systematically map and synthesise evidence on the effectiveness, impact and sustainability of upstream interventions on population oral health and reducing socioeconomic oral health inequalities.
    Methods and analysis: This scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. A detailed search strategy will be used to conduct a comprehensive search of electronic databases: Scopus, Embase and MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL, ASSIA and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. A search of grey literature will also be completed to identify relevant dissertations, governmental reports and evaluations of implemented policies. Identification and extraction of data will be performed by two pairs of reviewers. Oversight and feedback will be provided by an independent expert advisory group.
    Ethics and dissemination: This study will review published and available grey literature and does not require an ethics review. The scoping review protocol has been registered with the Open Science Framework. The final report will be circulated and disseminated through publication and feed into the work of the ongoing Lancet Commission on Oral Health. Due to the policy relevance of this work, discussions will take place with key stakeholders regarding the implications of the findings for future policy development.
    MeSH term(s) Global Health ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Policy ; Research Design ; Review Literature as Topic ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Systematic Reviews as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059441
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Notes on lichenicolous species of Opegrapha s. lat. (Arthoniales) on Arthoniaceae and Verrucariaceae, with a key to British and Irish lichenicolous Opegraphaceae

    Coppins, Brian J / Kondratyuk, Sergey Y / Etayo, Javier / Cannon, Paul F

    Lichenologist. 2021 Mar., v. 53, no. 2

    2021  

    Abstract: Three species of lichenicolous Opegrapha s. lat. are newly described, all apparently host-specific at genus level. Opegrapha arthoniicola Coppins & S. Y. Kondr. is described from western Britain and Ireland, where it grows on the thallus of Arthonia ... ...

    Abstract Three species of lichenicolous Opegrapha s. lat. are newly described, all apparently host-specific at genus level. Opegrapha arthoniicola Coppins & S. Y. Kondr. is described from western Britain and Ireland, where it grows on the thallus of Arthonia radiata on Corylus bark; it has small clustered ascomata, asci that are usually 6-spored and rather small ascospores (10.5–)12.5–14.5 μm in length. Opegrapha sawyeriana Coppins occurs on the thallus of Coniocarpon cinnabarinum, also on Corylus bark, from oceanic western parts of Scotland, Ireland and southern England; in comparison to O. arthoniicola it has smaller, often scattered ascomata with a pigmented basal layer, 8-spored asci and slightly larger ascospores 13–14.5(–16) μm in length. Opegrapha hochstetteri Coppins has been found on thalli of Verrucaria hochstetteri and V. muralis on calcareous rocks and stonework in southern England and Luxembourg; collections were formerly identified as Opegrapha rupestris Pers. but it differs from this species by narrower ascomata with a persistent narrow slit, normally 6- rather than 8-spored asci and ascospores with pigmentation in the spore wall rather than the perispore. Lifted from synonymy is Opegrapha opaca Nyl., which inhabits the thallus of Verrucaria nigrescens and V. viridula on calcareous rocks and stonework, and is so far recorded from southern England, Luxembourg, France, northern Spain and Israel. The hosts of the European species of lichenicolous Opegrapha on Verrucaria s. lat. on calcareous rocks (O. hochstetteri, O. opaca and O. rupestris) belong to different phylogenetic lineages within the Verrucariaceae. A key is also provided to the lichenicolous species of Opegraphaceae currently known from Great Britain and Ireland.
    Keywords Arthonia ; Corylus ; Opegrapha ; Verrucaria ; asci ; ascomata ; ascospores ; bark ; host specificity ; phylogeny ; pigmentation ; thallus ; England ; France ; Ireland ; Israel ; Luxembourg ; Scotland ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-03
    Size p. 159-169.
    Publishing place Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1471008-0
    ISSN 1096-1135 ; 0024-2829
    ISSN (online) 1096-1135
    ISSN 0024-2829
    DOI 10.1017/S0024282921000025
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Iatrogenic Morbidity of the Extraocular Muscle Biopsy.

    Joganathan, Varajini / Cannon, Paul S / Vishwanath, Mandegere

    Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery

    2019  Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 408

    MeSH term(s) Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy/adverse effects ; Eye Movements ; Eye Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Humans ; Iatrogenic Disease ; Male ; Ocular Motility Disorders/etiology ; Ocular Motility Disorders/physiopathology ; Oculomotor Muscles/pathology ; Oculomotor Muscles/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 632830-1
    ISSN 1537-2677 ; 0740-9303
    ISSN (online) 1537-2677
    ISSN 0740-9303
    DOI 10.1097/IOP.0000000000001396
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The effects of physical activity, fast-mimicking diet and psychological interventions on cancer survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Clark, Emma / Maguire, Hannah / Cannon, Paul / Leung, Elaine Yl

    Complementary therapies in medicine

    2020  Volume 57, Page(s) 102654

    Abstract: Background: Health professionals are often asked if non-pharmacological interventions prolong life. This review aims to evaluate the effects of physical activity, fast-mimicking diet (FMD) and psychological interventions on survival in all cancers.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Health professionals are often asked if non-pharmacological interventions prolong life. This review aims to evaluate the effects of physical activity, fast-mimicking diet (FMD) and psychological interventions on survival in all cancers.
    Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Only RCTs of physical activity, FMD and psychological interventions (including counselling, cognitive and other psychotherapies) in cancer patients that reported survival outcomes were included.
    Data sources: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, ICTRP and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to January 2020 were searched without language restrictions. The protocol was prospectively registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019160944).
    Results: Thirty-one RCTs (9 on physical activity and 22 on psychological interventions) were included in the final analysis after evaluation of 60,207 records from our initial search. No eligible RCT on FMD was reported. RCTs on group psychological interventions (41.9 %) and in patients with breast cancer (38.7 %) were the most common. Most evaluated short-term interventions and in primary or adjuvant settings. Only one of 9 (11 %) RCTs on physical activity and 8 of 22 (36 %) RCTs on psychological interventions were associated with improved overall survival. Only group psychological interventions in breast cancer had adequate number of RCTs to allow a meta-analysis to be performed. It demonstrated a trend towards improved overall survival (HR -0.20, 95 %CI -0.49 to 0.10), particularly in RCTs that evaluated long-term (>6 months) therapies (HR -0.29, 95 %CI -0.59 to 0.01).
    Conclusion: Longer term interventions starting early in the patients' care journey in primary and adjuvant settings have shown the most promise for improving survival. Better designed RCTs including survival outcomes are particularly needed in non-breast cancers.
    MeSH term(s) Breast Neoplasms ; Diet ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Psychosocial Intervention ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-25
    Publishing country Scotland
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1155895-7
    ISSN 1873-6963 ; 0965-2299
    ISSN (online) 1873-6963
    ISSN 0965-2299
    DOI 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102654
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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