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  1. Article ; Online: A model of neurovascular coupling and its application to cortical spreading depolarization.

    Cao, Jiaming / Grover, Pulkit / Kainerstorfer, Jana M

    Journal of theoretical biology

    2023  Volume 572, Page(s) 111580

    Abstract: Cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is a neuropathological condition involving propagating waves of neuronal silence, and is related to multiple diseases, such as migraine aura, traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and cardiac arrest, as well as ... ...

    Abstract Cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is a neuropathological condition involving propagating waves of neuronal silence, and is related to multiple diseases, such as migraine aura, traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and cardiac arrest, as well as poor outcome of patients. While CSDs of different severity share similar roots on the ion exchange level, they can lead to different vascular responses (namely spreading hyperemia and spreading ischemia). In this paper, we propose a mathematical model relating neuronal activities to predict vascular changes as measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and fMRI recordings, and apply it to the extreme case of CSD, where sustained near-complete neuronal depolarization is seen. We utilize three serially connected models (namely, ion exchange, neurovascular coupling, and hemodynamic model) which are described by differential equations. Propagating waves of ion concentrations, as well as the associated vasodynamics and hemodynamics, are simulated by solving these equations. Our proposed model predicts vasodynamics and hemodynamics that agree both qualitatively and quantitatively with experimental literature. Mathematical modeling and simulation offer a powerful tool to help understand the underlying mechanisms of CSD and help interpret the data. In addition, it helps develop novel monitoring techniques prior to data collection. Our simulated results strongly suggest that fMRI is unable to reliably distinguish between spreading hyperemia and spreading ischemia, while NIRS signals are substantially distinct in the two cases.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neurovascular Coupling/physiology ; Cortical Spreading Depression/physiology ; Hyperemia ; Hemodynamics ; Neurons/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2972-5
    ISSN 1095-8541 ; 0022-5193
    ISSN (online) 1095-8541
    ISSN 0022-5193
    DOI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111580
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Metal-organic-framework derived NiS2/C hollow structures for enhanced polysulfide redox kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries.

    Cao, Jiaming / Usman, Muhammad / Jia, Pengfei / Tao, Chengzhou / Zhang, Xuezhi / Wang, Lina / Liu, Tainxi

    The Journal of chemical physics

    2024  Volume 160, Issue 1

    Abstract: To cope with the shuttling of soluble lithium polysulfides in lithium-sulfur batteries, confinement tactics, such as trapping of sulfur within porous carbon structures, have been extensively studied. Although performance has improved a bit, the slow ... ...

    Abstract To cope with the shuttling of soluble lithium polysulfides in lithium-sulfur batteries, confinement tactics, such as trapping of sulfur within porous carbon structures, have been extensively studied. Although performance has improved a bit, the slow polysulfide conversion inducing fast capacity decay remains a big challenge. Herein, a NiS2/carbon (NiS2/C) composite with NiS2 nanoparticles embedded in a thin layer of carbon over the surface of micro-sized hollow structures has been prepared from Ni-metal-organic frameworks. These unique structures can physically entrap sulfur species and also influence their redox conversion kinetics. By improving the reaction kinetics of polysulfides, the NiS2/carbon@sulfur (NiS2/C@S) composite cathode with a suppressed shuttle effect shows a high columbic efficiency and decent rate performance. An initial capacity of 900 mAh g-1 at the rate of 1 C (1 C = 1675 mA g-1) and a low-capacity decline rate of 0.132% per cycle after 500 cycles are obtained, suggesting that this work provides a rational design of a sulfur cathode.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3113-6
    ISSN 1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
    ISSN (online) 1089-7690
    ISSN 0021-9606
    DOI 10.1063/5.0178960
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients by predominantly increasing large-fiber lesions.

    Fei, Sijia / Fan, Jingwen / Cao, Jiaming / Chen, Huan / Wang, Xiaoxia / Pan, Qi

    Diabetes research and clinical practice

    2024  Volume 209, Page(s) 111585

    Abstract: Aims: This study explores the link between Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.: Methods: Involving 257 elderly T2DM patients, the study utilized propensity score ... ...

    Abstract Aims: This study explores the link between Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
    Methods: Involving 257 elderly T2DM patients, the study utilized propensity score matching to balance age, sex, and diabetes duration. VDD was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels below 20 ng/ml. Large nerve fiber lesions were evaluated by electromyogram, while small nerve fiber lesions were assessed by measuring skin conductance.
    Results: DPN patients had notably lower serum 25(OH)D levels than non-DPN patients [15.05 vs. 18.4 ng/ml, P = 0.018]. VDD was identified as an independent risk factor for DPN (odds ratio = 2.488, P = 0.008) in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Spearman's correlation showed negative correlations between serum 25(OH)D levels and specific nerve latencies, and positive correlations with specific nerve velocities and amplitudes. The VDD group exhibited longer median sensory nerve latencies and motor evoked potential latencies compared to the vitamin D-sufficient group. Further, VDD is associated with the prolongation of the median motor nerve latency (odds ratio = 1.362, P = 0.038).
    Conclusions: VDD is independently associated with a higher risk of DPN. VDD may promote the development of DPN by affecting large nerve fibers.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Vitamin D Deficiency/complications ; Risk Factors ; Vitamin D ; Nerve Fibers
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-15
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632523-3
    ISSN 1872-8227 ; 0168-8227
    ISSN (online) 1872-8227
    ISSN 0168-8227
    DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111585
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  4. Article ; Online: STIMULUS: Noninvasive Dynamic Patterns of Neurostimulation Using Spatio-Temporal Interference.

    Cao, Jiaming / Grover, Pulkit

    IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering

    2019  Volume 67, Issue 3, Page(s) 726–737

    Abstract: Objective: This paper obtains strategies that can achieve spatially precise noninvasive deep brain stimulation using electrical currents.: Methods: We provide the Spatio-Temporal Interference-based stiMULation focUsing Strategy (STIMULUS) that ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This paper obtains strategies that can achieve spatially precise noninvasive deep brain stimulation using electrical currents.
    Methods: We provide the Spatio-Temporal Interference-based stiMULation focUsing Strategy (STIMULUS) that generates rich patterns of spatiotemporally interfering currents to stimulate precisely and deep inside the brain. To calibrate and compare the accuracy of stimulation using different techniques, we utilize computational Hodgkin-Huxley-type models for neurons and a model of current dispersion in the head.
    Results: In this computational model, STIMULUS dramatically outperforms the recently proposed Temporal Interference (TI) stimulation strategy in spatial precision. Our results also suggest that STIMULUS can attain steerable and multisite stimulation, which can be important in giving feedback in brain-machine interfaces. Finally, by examining more mammalian neuron types, we also observe that not every neuron exhibits temporal-interference stimulation.
    Conclusions: Computer simulations suggest that the proposed STIMULUS strategy has potential to achieve noninvasive electrical deep brain stimulation with high spatial precision and, further, has the flexibility of generating rich stimulation patterns. The fact that some neuron types do not exhibit TI stimulation suggests that caution is needed in evaluating conclusions of application of TI stimulation on large mammalian brains.
    Significance: A technique to reliably, noninvasively, and precisely stimulate deep inside the human brain could revolutionize human neuroscience and clinical treatments. We obtain the first computational demonstration of the recently proposed TI stimulation. Advancing on that, we propose a novel strategy that can perform stimulation with high precision and flexibility.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/physiology ; Deep Brain Stimulation/methods ; Electroencephalography ; Head/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Neurological ; Neurons/physiology ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 160429-6
    ISSN 1558-2531 ; 0018-9294
    ISSN (online) 1558-2531
    ISSN 0018-9294
    DOI 10.1109/TBME.2019.2919912
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Scaling of Algorithmic Bias in Pulse Oximetry with Signal-to-Noise Ratio.

    Cao, Jiaming / Mehta, Neil Ashim / Wu, Jingyi / Wood, Sossena / Kainerstorfer, Jana M / Grover, Pulkit

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 1–4

    Abstract: Recent work has noted a skin-color bias in existing pulse oximetry systems in their estimation of arterial oxygen saturation. Frequently, the algorithm used by these systems estimate a "ratio-of-ratios", called the "R-value", on their way to estimating ... ...

    Abstract Recent work has noted a skin-color bias in existing pulse oximetry systems in their estimation of arterial oxygen saturation. Frequently, the algorithm used by these systems estimate a "ratio-of-ratios", called the "R-value", on their way to estimating the oxygen saturation. In this work, we focus on an "SNR-related" bias that is due to noise in measurements. We derive expressions for the SNR-related bias in R-value estimation, and observe how it scales with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We show that the bias can arise at two steps of R-value estimation: in estimating the max and min of a pulsatile signal, and, additionally in taking ratios to estimate the R-value. We assess the bias resulting from the combination of the two steps, but also separate out contributions of each step. By doing so, we deduce that the bias induced in max and min estimation is likely to dominate. Because the SNR tends to get worse with higher melanin concentration, our result provides a sense of scaling of this bias with melanin concentration.
    MeSH term(s) Oxygen ; Melanins ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Oximetry/methods ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065) ; Melanins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2694-0604
    ISSN (online) 2694-0604
    DOI 10.1109/EMBC40787.2023.10341034
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  6. Article ; Online: The Development and Synthesis of a CdZnS @Metal-Organic Framework ZIF-8 for the Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes.

    Hong, Liu / Cao, Jiaming / Zhang, Wenlong / Jiang, Tao / Pan, Guohao / Wu, Yun

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 23

    Abstract: The development of photocatalysts for organic degradation is a hot research topic. In this study, CdZnS was selected as the carrier, and ZIF-8 was combined with it to explore the photocatalytic performance of the composite. In addition, the compound ... ...

    Abstract The development of photocatalysts for organic degradation is a hot research topic. In this study, CdZnS was selected as the carrier, and ZIF-8 was combined with it to explore the photocatalytic performance of the composite. In addition, the compound material, CdZnS@ZIF-8, was used as a photocatalyst for the decomposition of methylene blue dye, and the performance of pure CdZnS and pure ZIF-8 was compared. The photocatalytic efficiency of CdZnS@ZIF-8 was significantly higher than that of the other two. In the experimental reaction, the amount of catalyst was 0.04 g, the pH value was 7, the initial concentration of methylene blue aqueous solution was 20 mg/L, and the degradation of methylene blue in 50 mL aqueous solution could reach 99.5% under visible light irradiation for 90 min, showing excellent photocatalytic efficiency in the visible light range. It demonstrated excellent photocatalytic function in the visible light region, and the electron transfer phenomenon at the interface occurred in the het-junction and the separation of the photo-generating electron-hole as an electron acceptor of ZIF-8 further promoted the photocatalytic effect.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules28237904
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  7. Article ; Online: Diffuse optical tomography spatial prior for EEG source localization in human visual cortex.

    Cao, Jiaming / Bulger, Eli / Shinn-Cunningham, Barbara / Grover, Pulkit / Kainerstorfer, Jana M

    NeuroImage

    2023  Volume 277, Page(s) 120210

    Abstract: Electroencephalography (EEG) and diffuse optical tomography (DOT) are imaging methods which are widely used for neuroimaging. While the temporal resolution of EEG is high, the spatial resolution is typically limited. DOT, on the other hand, has high ... ...

    Abstract Electroencephalography (EEG) and diffuse optical tomography (DOT) are imaging methods which are widely used for neuroimaging. While the temporal resolution of EEG is high, the spatial resolution is typically limited. DOT, on the other hand, has high spatial resolution, but the temporal resolution is inherently limited by the slow hemodynamics it measures. In our previous work, we showed using computer simulations that when using the results of DOT reconstruction as the spatial prior for EEG source reconstruction, high spatio-temporal resolution could be achieved. In this work, we experimentally validate the algorithm by alternatingly flashing two visual stimuli at a speed that is faster than the temporal resolution of DOT. We show that the joint reconstruction using both EEG and DOT clearly resolves the two stimuli temporally, and the spatial confinement is drastically improved in comparison to reconstruction using EEG alone.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Computer Simulation ; Neuroimaging ; Algorithms ; Tomography, Optical/methods ; Visual Cortex/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Mapping/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120210
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  8. Article: Enhanced spatiotemporal resolution imaging of neuronal activity using joint electroencephalography and diffuse optical tomography.

    Cao, Jiaming / Huppert, Theodore J / Grover, Pulkit / Kainerstorfer, Jana M

    Neurophotonics

    2021  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 15002

    Abstract: Significance: ...

    Abstract Significance:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2781943-7
    ISSN 2329-4248 ; 2329-423X
    ISSN (online) 2329-4248
    ISSN 2329-423X
    DOI 10.1117/1.NPh.8.1.015002
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  9. Article ; Online: A Stabilized Li-Metal Anode with a Ti-Based Metal-Organic Framework Electronic Shield.

    Xu, Wangcong / Cao, Jiaming / Qi, Chu / Jia, Pengfei / Tao, Chengzhou / Wang, Xiaoyan / Wang, Lina / Liu, Tianxi

    ACS applied materials & interfaces

    2023  

    Abstract: The insufficient cyclic efficiency and poor safety have prohibited the commercial applications of the lithium-metal anode because of its uncontrolled dendrite growth at the surface. A mechanically stable and highly ionic conductive solid electrolyte ... ...

    Abstract The insufficient cyclic efficiency and poor safety have prohibited the commercial applications of the lithium-metal anode because of its uncontrolled dendrite growth at the surface. A mechanically stable and highly ionic conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) holds great promise to address the issues. Herein, a viable surface engineering approach is proposed for stabilizing the Li anode via a scalable artificial method. The surface of Li metal is functionalized by constructing a mechanically tough and electron-insulating metal-organic framework (MOF) of the MIL-125(Ti) layer. In-situ optical microscopy reveals its crucial role in inhibiting dendritic Li growth. Because of the intrinsic insulativity and highly ordered micropores of MIL-125(Ti), the Li
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1944-8252
    ISSN (online) 1944-8252
    DOI 10.1021/acsami.3c13016
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  10. Article ; Online: Sema4D as a biomarker for Predicting rheumatoid arthritis disease activity.

    Liu, Huiyuan / Zhang, Yuelin / Cao, Jiaming / Li, Jiahui / Liu, Haina / Dai, Bingbing / Jin, Lei / Liao, Ruobing / Fu, Lingyu

    Clinical rheumatology

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 645–655

    Abstract: Objective: The semaphorins are membrane or secreted proteins first identified in neural development. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) is the first family member found to have immune properties. We evaluated the potential of Sema4D as a marker for rheumatoid ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The semaphorins are membrane or secreted proteins first identified in neural development. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) is the first family member found to have immune properties. We evaluated the potential of Sema4D as a marker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity, singly and in combination with other known biomarkers including rheumatoid factor (RF) and C-reactive protein (CRP).
    Methods: Three hundred and eleven RA patients were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups based on their disease activity in 28 joints (DAS28): mild, moderate, and severe. The healthy group included 40 healthy individuals. SerumSema4D was measured by quantitative ELISA and the specificity and sensitivity of biomarkers were evaluated by generating a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to analyze their diagnostic accuracy.
    Results: Serum Sema4D levels in the moderate and severe RA groups were elevated significantly above those of the controls (P < 0.01), while levels in the mild RA and control groups did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). The Sema4D cutoff threshold was 15.7 ng/ml when the DAS28 was applied as a reference. Compared to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR and CRP, Sema4D had the highest specificity (96.8%) and area under the curve (0.80) for diagnosing RA activity. The highest specificity (100%) for the biomarker combinations was obtained when Sema4D was combined with CRP and anti-CCP, the combination of the Sema4D combined with ESR and anti-CCP had the highest sensitivity (99.35%). According to this result, a new model for jointly calculating RA activity of Sema4D,anti-CCP and CRP was constructed. Meanwhile another model is established by using the method of multivariate analysis.Model comparison results showed the the multiple regression algorithm method fitted the patients' disease activity better.
    Conclusion: The serum Sema 4D level effectively reflects moderate to severe RA activity. Sema4D levels can be used together with conventional RA biomarkers to increase the diagnostic power of RA activity. The multiple regression algorithm method is promising in disease activity calculation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies ; Biomarkers ; Semaphorins ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; Antigens, CD
    Chemical Substances CD100 antigen ; Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies ; Biomarkers ; Semaphorins ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Antigens, CD
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604755-5
    ISSN 1434-9949 ; 0770-3198
    ISSN (online) 1434-9949
    ISSN 0770-3198
    DOI 10.1007/s10067-023-06840-0
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