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Article ; Online: Invited Commentary: Improving Instruments to Counter the Bias in Their Construction.

Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / Irarrázaval, Matías

2023 Volume 192, Issue 8, Page(s) 1274–1275

Abstract: In this issue of the Journal, Villalonga-Olives et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2023;192(8):1264-1273) examined the psychometric properties of social capital indicators, comparing responses from Black and White people to identify whether there was differential ... ...

Abstract	In this issue of the Journal, Villalonga-Olives et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2023;192(8):1264-1273) examined the psychometric properties of social capital indicators, comparing responses from Black and White people to identify whether there was differential item functioning (DIF) in social capital by race, and also when stratified by educational attainment, as a measure of socioeconomic status. The authors tested whether there is DIF in social capital items between Black and White people and found that DIF across these items was significant although not large, but they were still indicative of measurement error, which they suspected was related to the way these items were developed-that is, based on cultural assumptions tested in mainstream White America. However, some gaps remain to be fleshed out.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bias ; Educational Status ; Psychometrics ; White ; Black or African American ; Social Class
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2937-3
ISSN	1476-6256 ; 0002-9262
ISSN (online)	1476-6256
ISSN	0002-9262
DOI	10.1093/aje/kwad063
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Symptomatology of attention deficit, hyperactivity and defiant behavior as predictors of academic achievement.

Flores, Jerome / Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / López, Verónica / Acevedo, Daniel

BMC psychiatry

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 61

Abstract: Background: It is essential to understand the factors that affect the academic achievement of schoolchildren, both in general and in terms of the major subsectors of each grade. Although symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and ... ...

Abstract	Background: It is essential to understand the factors that affect the academic achievement of schoolchildren, both in general and in terms of the major subsectors of each grade. Although symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Negative Defiant Disorder (NDD-which are commonly recognized as externalizing problems in childhood and adolescence-have been associated with lower academic achievement in the international literature, few studies have addressed this problem in Latin America. This study aimed to analyze the possible predictive relationship of attention problems, hyperactivity, and defiant behavior on academic achievement. Methods: We recruited a sample of 4580 schoolchildren (50.9% female, 1754 belonging to primary school, and 2826 to secondary school, ranging from 9 to 18 years old). This cross-sectional study used the scales pertaining to attention problems, hyperactivity, and challenging behavior from the Child and Adolescent Evaluation System. Results: The analysis showed that attention problems significantly affected all academic achievement areas, while hyperactivity and challenging behavior affected only some of them. The regression models explained 24% of the variability in overall academic achievement in primary school and 17% in secondary school. Other predictors included sex, age, socioeconomic level, and school attendance. Conclusions: It is important to consider this symptomatology in the design of educational interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Academic Success ; Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychomotor Agitation
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2050438-X
ISSN	1471-244X ; 1471-244X
ISSN (online)	1471-244X
ISSN	1471-244X
DOI	10.1186/s12888-022-03714-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Well-Being and Mental Health in Teachers: The Life Impact of COVID-19.

Flores, Jerome / Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / Escobar, Michael / Irarrázaval, Matías

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 22

Abstract: The impact of the pandemic on teachers' mental health has also been an important issue. The aim of the study was to analyze the vital impact of COVID-19, spirituality, and the use of social-emotional strategies on teacher well-being, mediated by mental ... ...

Abstract	The impact of the pandemic on teachers' mental health has also been an important issue. The aim of the study was to analyze the vital impact of COVID-19, spirituality, and the use of social-emotional strategies on teacher well-being, mediated by mental health. The sample was non-random, inviting all teachers in a city North of Chile to participate in the study. The sample consisted of 624 teachers. A total of 74.4% were women and 25.6% were men. The mean age was 44.1 and the standard deviation was 11.9. A total of 56.4% belonged to public schools and 43.6% belonged to subsidized schools. Structural equations were used to analyze the data, finding a mental health mediating effect between the death of a close person, affected areas and family history with life satisfaction. Spirituality and the use of socio-emotional strategies self-applied by the teachers had no direct relationship with their mental health, so their mediating effect in relation to life satisfaction was discarded. Teachers who used social-emotional strategies, as well as those who reported higher levels of spirituality, obtained greater satisfaction with life, both general and specifically. Women had higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress symptomatology, but also higher levels of life satisfaction. The implications are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Mental Health ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Educational Personnel ; Spirituality ; Personal Satisfaction
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph192215371
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Article ; Online: Prevalencia de sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva en migrantes colombianos en Chile.

Urzúa, Alfonso / Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / Aragón, Diego

Revista medica de Chile

2021 Volume 148, Issue 9, Page(s) 1271–1278

Abstract: Background: Migratory processes may affect mental health. Data on the health status of migrants are necessary for an adequate public health approach.: Aim: To describe the prevalence of anxious and depressive symptoms in Colombian migrants living in ... ...

Title translation	Prevalence of anxious and depressive symptoms in Colombian migrants in Chile.
Abstract	Background: Migratory processes may affect mental health. Data on the health status of migrants are necessary for an adequate public health approach. Aim: To describe the prevalence of anxious and depressive symptoms in Colombian migrants living in Chile and to compare it with the Chilean population. Material and methods: Beck and BDI scales for depression and BAI anxiety scale were applied to 1,932 participants living in Arica, Antofagasta and Santiago. Of these, 976 participants (51% women) aged 35 ± 10 years were first generation Colombian migrants and 956 participants aged 34 ± 14 years were Chilean. Results: The scores for depressive and anxious symptoms were higher in Chileans than in Colombians. Women reported worse mental health in both groups. Chilean and Colombian respondents residing in Arica and Antofagasta had a higher degree of anxiety and depression than their counterparts residing in Santiago. Conclusions: Chileans have worse mental health indicators than Colombian migrants. There are differences by sex and city of residence.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Chile/epidemiology ; Colombia/ethnology ; Depression/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Transients and Migrants/psychology ; Young Adult
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2021-01-05
Publishing country	Chile
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	732136-3
ISSN	0717-6163 ; 0034-9887
ISSN (online)	0717-6163
ISSN	0034-9887
DOI	10.4067/S0034-98872020000901271
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Article: The Effects of Social Determinants and Resilience on the Mental Health of Chilean Adolescents.

Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / Mena-Chamorro, Patricio / Henríquez, Diego / Urzúa, Alfonso / Irarrázaval, Matías

Children (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 10, Issue 7

Abstract: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of social determinants (i.e., gender, educational vulnerability, and socioeconomic status) and resilience on the mental health of Chilean adolescents in pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of social determinants (i.e., gender, educational vulnerability, and socioeconomic status) and resilience on the mental health of Chilean adolescents in pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic contexts. The study included a group of 684 students, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years, who were attending educational institutions in the city of Arica. The Child and Adolescent Assessment System (SENA) was used to measure mental health problems, the Brief Resilience Scale for Children and Youth (CYRM-12) was used to measure resilience, and the Vulnerability Index of Educational Institutions was used to measure educational vulnerability. The results suggest increases in depressive, anxious, and social anxiety symptomatologies over time (wave by year, 2018, 2020, and 2021). In addition, multiple linear regression models showed predictive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, gender, vulnerability index, socioeconomic status, and resilient behaviors on mental health problems. The worsening of mental health indicators over time requires the greater coordination and integration of mental health experts in the most vulnerable educational centers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2732685-8
ISSN	2227-9067
ISSN	2227-9067
DOI	10.3390/children10071213
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Article: Optimism and Intolerance to Uncertainty May Mediate the Negative Effect of Discrimination on Mental Health in Migrant Population.

Urzúa, Alfonso / Baeza-Rivera, María José / Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / Henríquez, Diego

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: 1) Background: Migration causes effects on the people who migrate and on the societies that receive them, which can be positive or negative, depending on the characteristics of the interaction. One negative effect is the emergence of mental health ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Migration causes effects on the people who migrate and on the societies that receive them, which can be positive or negative, depending on the characteristics of the interaction. One negative effect is the emergence of mental health disorders associated with the presence of discrimination, a relationship for which there is abundant evidence, although there is less research on factors that may alter this effect. (2) Objective: To evaluate the possible mediating role of optimism and intolerance to uncertainty in the relationship between discrimination and mental health. (3) Method: Nine hundred and nineteen adult Colombian migrants residing in Chile, 49.5% were men and 50.5% women, ages from 18 to 65 years, were evaluated. The Discrimination Experience Scale, BDI-IA Inventory, BAI, LOT-R and the Intolerance to Uncertainty Scale were applied. The effects were estimated using structural equation modeling. (4) Results: A mediating effect of both dispositional optimism and intolerance to uncertainty on the relationship between discrimination and mental symptomatology was observed. (5) Conclusions: The impact on individual suffering and the social cost of mental health problems require investigating variables on the relationship between discrimination and mental health, including mediators of this relationship, which turn out to be central elements in the development of future strategies for the reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare11040503
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Article ; Online: Defining recovery in schizophrenia: A review of outcome studies.

Ponce-Correa, Felipe / Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / Berrios, Raúl / Escobar-Soler, Carolang

Psychiatry research

2023 Volume 322, Page(s) 115134

Abstract: Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder with a heterogenous course and different ways in which recovery is measured or perceived. Recovery in schizophrenia is a complex process that it can be defined either from a clinical perspective focused on sustained ... ...

Abstract	Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder with a heterogenous course and different ways in which recovery is measured or perceived. Recovery in schizophrenia is a complex process that it can be defined either from a clinical perspective focused on sustained symptom and functional remission, or from a patient-focused one, as a self-broadening process aimed at living a meaningful life beyond mental illness. Until now, studies analysed these domains separately, without examining their mutual relations and changes over time. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to examine the relationship of global measures of subjective recovery with each of the components of clinical recovery such as symptom severity and functioning, in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The results showed that the association between different indicators of personal recovery and remission are weak and inverse (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Schizophrenia/diagnosis ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-27
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	445361-x
ISSN	1872-7123 ; 1872-7506 ; 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
ISSN (online)	1872-7123 ; 1872-7506
ISSN	0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
DOI	10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115134
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Article ; Online: Mental Health in Indigenous Children and Adolescents: The Contribution of Cultural Backgroud

Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra / Mena-Chamorro, Patricio / Urzúa, Alfonso / Muñoz Henríquez, Wilson / Flores, Jerome / Narea, Marigen / Irarrázaval, Matías

J Immigrant Minority Health. 2023 Feb., v. 25, no. 1, p. 151-160

2023 , Page(s) 151–160

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe and compare the prevalence of mental health problems in Aymara and non-Aymara children and adolescent. The study sample comprised 1839 students from 8 to 19 years, from educational institutions of Northern Chile. ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study is to describe and compare the prevalence of mental health problems in Aymara and non-Aymara children and adolescent. The study sample comprised 1839 students from 8 to 19 years, from educational institutions of Northern Chile. Forty-nine percent of students identified with the Aymara ethnic group. The Child and Adolescent Evaluation System was used to evaluate internal and external problems. In Elementary school, Aymara students showed significantly lower scores in externalized problems and in high school, there were significantly lower scores in interiorized, exteriorized and other problems than Non-Aymara students. It seems that the legacy of the Aymara culture has favored the development of protective factors in relation to the mental health of these students. In a context of growing recognition and appreciation of this culture, greater involvement with Aymara culture could promote better mental health of school children.
Keywords	adolescents ; children ; elementary schools ; mental health ; nationalities and ethnic groups ; Chile
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Size	p. 151-160
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2220162-2
ISSN	1557-1920 ; 1557-1912
ISSN (online)	1557-1920
ISSN	1557-1912
DOI	10.1007/s10903-022-01374-0
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Affects as Mediators of the Negative Effects of Discrimination on Psychological Well-Being in the Migrant Population.

Urzúa, Alfonso / Henríquez, Diego / Caqueo-Urízar, Alejandra

Frontiers in psychology

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 602537

Abstract: There is abundant empirical evidence on the negative effects of discrimination on psychological well-being. However, little research has focused on exploring the factors that can mitigate this effect. Within this framework, the present study examined the ...

Abstract	There is abundant empirical evidence on the negative effects of discrimination on psychological well-being. However, little research has focused on exploring the factors that can mitigate this effect. Within this framework, the present study examined the mediating role of positive and negative affects in the relationship between ethnic and racial discrimination and psychological well-being in the migrant population. About 919 Colombians, first-generation migrants, residing in Chile (Arica, Antofagasta, and Santiago) were evaluated, of which 50.5% were women, and the participants' average age was 35 years (range: 18-65 years). Krieger's discrimination questionnaires, Watson's Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale were applied. The measurement models of each variable were estimated, and then the structural equation models were used. The results of the hypothesized multiple mediation model showed that the main mediator in the relationship between ethnic-racial discrimination and psychological well-being was positive affects over negative ones.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2020.602537
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Article: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia (S-CGQoL) in Latin America.

Caqueo-Urízar, A / Urzúa, A / Mena-Chamorro, P / Boucekine, M / Richieri, R / Auquier, P / Fernandes, S / Fond, G / Boyer, L

L'Encephale

2021 Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 291–298

Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Schizophrenia Caregiver's Quality of Life Questionnaire (S-CGQoL) for use in the Hispanic-American population from the caregiver's perspective.: Methods: A cross-sectional instrumental ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Schizophrenia Caregiver's Quality of Life Questionnaire (S-CGQoL) for use in the Hispanic-American population from the caregiver's perspective. Methods: A cross-sectional instrumental model was used, with a sample of 253 caregivers of patients suffering of Schizophrenia in Bolivia, Peru and Chile. The psychometric properties of the S-CGQoL were tested through construct validity, reliability and some aspects of external validity. In addition, in order to assess the nature of the different items across the three countries, a Differential Performance Analysis (DPA) was conducted. Results: A confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale structure was well correlated to the initial structure of the QoL-MDS. The results confirmed the existence of adequate reliability indicators (α>.70 and ω>.80) and the absence of FIDs supporting the invariance of item calibrations among the three Latin American countries. Conclusions: The adaptation and validation of the S-CGQoL questionnaire demonstrate adequate psychometric properties to assess the quality of life of caregivers in samples of middle-income countries in Latin America.
MeSH term(s)	Caregivers ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Latin America ; Psychometrics ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Schizophrenia ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-04
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	214431-1
ISSN	0013-7006
ISSN	0013-7006
DOI	10.1016/j.encep.2020.09.007
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