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  1. Article ; Online: Study of potential transfer of aluminum to the brain via the olfactory pathway.

    Chalansonnet, Monique / Carabin, Nathalie / Boucard, Stéphane / Merlen, Lise / Melczer, Mathieu / Antoine, Guillaume / Devoy, Jérôme / Remy, Aurélie / Gagnaire, François

    Toxicology letters

    2018  Volume 283, Page(s) 77–85

    Abstract: Many employees in the aluminum industry are exposed to a range of aluminum compounds by inhalation, and the presence of ultrafine particles in the workplace has become a concern to occupational health professionals. Some metal salts and metal oxides have ...

    Abstract Many employees in the aluminum industry are exposed to a range of aluminum compounds by inhalation, and the presence of ultrafine particles in the workplace has become a concern to occupational health professionals. Some metal salts and metal oxides have been shown to enter the brain through the olfactory route, bypassing the blood-brain barrier, but few studies have examined whether aluminum compounds also use this pathway. In this context, we sought to determine whether aluminum was found in rat olfactory bulbs and whether its transfer depended on physicochemical characteristics such as solubility and granulometry. Aluminum salts (chloride and fluoride) and various nanometric aluminum oxides (13nm, 20nm and 40-50nm) were administered to rats by intranasal instillation through one nostril (10μg Al/30μL for 10days). Olfactory bulbs (ipsilateral and contralateral relative to instilled nostril) were harvested and the aluminum content was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after tissue mineralization. Some transfer of aluminum salts to the central nervous system via the olfactory route was observed, with the more soluble aluminum chloride being transferred at higher levels than aluminum fluoride. No cerebral translocation of any of the aluminas studied was detected.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Intranasal ; Algorithms ; Aluminum Compounds/metabolism ; Aluminum Compounds/pharmacokinetics ; Aluminum Compounds/toxicity ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Chlorides/pharmacokinetics ; Chlorides/toxicity ; Fluorides/metabolism ; Fluorides/pharmacokinetics ; Fluorides/toxicity ; Male ; Nasal Mucosa/pathology ; Olfactory Bulb/metabolism ; Olfactory Pathways/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic
    Chemical Substances Aluminum Compounds ; Chlorides ; aluminum chloride (3CYT62D3GA) ; Fluorides (Q80VPU408O) ; aluminum fluoride (Z77H3IKW94)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 433788-8
    ISSN 1879-3169 ; 0378-4274
    ISSN (online) 1879-3169
    ISSN 0378-4274
    DOI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.11.027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1367: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  2. Article ; Online: Study of the potential oxidative stress induced by six solvents in the rat brain.

    Chalansonnet, Monique / Carabin, Nathalie / Boucard, Stéphane / Cosnier, Frédéric / Nunge, Hervé / Gagnaire, François

    Neurotoxicology

    2013  Volume 35, Page(s) 71–83

    Abstract: The mechanisms of action involved in the neurotoxicity of solvents are poorly understood. In vitro studies have suggested that the effects of some solvents might be due to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study assesses hydroxyl ... ...

    Abstract The mechanisms of action involved in the neurotoxicity of solvents are poorly understood. In vitro studies have suggested that the effects of some solvents might be due to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study assesses hydroxyl radical (OH) generation and measures malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the cerebral tissue of rats exposed to six solvents (n-hexane, n-octane, toluene, n-butylbenzene, cyclohexane and 1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane). Three of these solvents have been shown to generate ROS in studies carried out in vitro on granular cell cultures from rat cerebellum. We assessed OH production by quantifying the rate of formation of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid using a trapping agent, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, infused via the microdialysis probe, into the prefrontal cortex of rats exposed intraperitoneally to the solvents. Extracellular MDA was quantified in microdialysates collected from the prefrontal cortex of rats exposed, 6h/day for ten days, to 1000ppm of the solvents (except for n-butylbenzene, generated at 830ppm) in inhalation chambers. Tissue levels of free and total MDA were measured in different brain structures for rats acutely (intraperitoneal route) and sub-acutely (inhalation) exposed to solvents. None of the six solvents studied increased the production of hydroxyl radicals in the prefrontal cortex after acute administration. Nor did they increase extracellular or tissue levels of MDA after 10 days' inhalation exposure. On the other hand, a decrease in the concentrations of free MDA in brain structures was observed after acute administration of n-hexane, 1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane, toluene and n-butylbenzene. Therefore, data of this study carried out in vivo did not confirm observations made in vitro on cell cultures.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Benzene Derivatives/toxicity ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Cyclohexanes/toxicity ; Hexanes/toxicity ; Hydroxyl Radical/metabolism ; Inhalation Exposure ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Male ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism ; Microdialysis ; Octanes/toxicity ; Oxidants/administration & dosage ; Oxidants/toxicity ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Solvents/administration & dosage ; Solvents/toxicity ; Time Factors ; Toluene/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Benzene Derivatives ; Cyclohexanes ; Hexanes ; Octanes ; Oxidants ; Solvents ; 1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane (2234-75-5) ; n-hexane (2DDG612ED8) ; Hydroxyl Radical (3352-57-6) ; Toluene (3FPU23BG52) ; Cyclohexane (48K5MKG32S) ; Malondialdehyde (4Y8F71G49Q) ; n-butylbenzene (S8XZ2901RZ) ; octane (X1RV0B2FJV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 800820-6
    ISSN 1872-9711 ; 0161-813X
    ISSN (online) 1872-9711
    ISSN 0161-813X
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.12.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1547: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article: Evaluation of sequential extraction procedures for soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium compounds in workplace air samples

    Ashley, Kevin / Applegate, Gregory T / Marcy, A. Dale / Drake, Pamela L / Pierce, Paul A / Carabin, Nathalie / Demange, Martine

    Journal of environmental monitoring. 2009 Jan. 27, v. 11, no. 2

    2009  

    Abstract: Because toxicities may differ for Cr(vi) compounds of varying solubility, some countries and organizations have promulgated different occupational exposure limits (OELs) for soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) compounds, and analytical ... ...

    Abstract Because toxicities may differ for Cr(vi) compounds of varying solubility, some countries and organizations have promulgated different occupational exposure limits (OELs) for soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) compounds, and analytical methods are needed to determine these species in workplace air samples. To address this need, international standard methods ASTM D6832 and ISO 16740 have been published that describe sequential extraction techniques for soluble and insoluble Cr(vi) in samples collected from occupational settings. However, no published performance data were previously available for these Cr(vi) sequential extraction procedures. In this work, the sequential extraction methods outlined in the relevant international standards were investigated. The procedures tested involved the use of either deionized water or an ammonium sulfate/ammonium hydroxide buffer solution to target soluble Cr(vi) species. This was followed by extraction in a sodium carbonate/sodium hydroxide buffer solution to dissolve insoluble Cr(vi) compounds. Three-step sequential extraction with (1) water, (2) sulfate buffer and (3) carbonate buffer was also investigated. Sequential extractions were carried out on spiked samples of soluble, sparingly soluble and insoluble Cr(vi) compounds, and analyses were then generally carried out by using the diphenylcarbazide method. Similar experiments were performed on paint pigment samples and on airborne particulate filter samples collected from stainless steel welding. Potential interferences from soluble and insoluble Cr(iii) compounds, as well as from Fe(ii), were investigated. Interferences from Cr(iii) species were generally absent, while the presence of Fe(ii) resulted in low Cr(vi) recoveries. Two-step sequential extraction of spiked samples with (first) either water or sulfate buffer, and then carbonate buffer, yielded quantitative recoveries of soluble Cr(vi) and insoluble Cr(vi), respectively. Three-step sequential extraction gave excessively high recoveries of soluble Cr(vi), low recoveries of sparingly soluble Cr(vi), and quantitative recoveries of insoluble Cr(vi). Experiments on paint pigment samples using two-step extraction with water and carbonate buffer yielded varying percentages of relative fractions of soluble and insoluble Cr(vi). Sequential extractions of stainless steel welding fume air filter samples demonstrated the predominance of soluble Cr(vi) compounds in such samples. The performance data obtained in this work support the Cr(vi) sequential extraction procedures described in the international standards.
    Keywords air filters ; air sampling ; ammonium hydroxide ; ammonium sulfate ; analytical methods ; chromium ; iron ; occupational exposure ; sodium carbonate ; sodium hydroxide ; solubility ; stainless steel ; welding ; working conditions
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-0127
    Size p. 318-325.
    Publishing place The Royal Society of Chemistry
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1453583-x
    ISSN 1464-0333 ; 1464-0325
    ISSN (online) 1464-0333
    ISSN 1464-0325
    DOI 10.1039/b812236a
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7401: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: Evaluation of sequential extraction procedures for soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium compounds in workplace air samples.

    Ashley, Kevin / Applegate, Gregory T / Marcy, A Dale / Drake, Pamela L / Pierce, Paul A / Carabin, Nathalie / Demange, Martine

    Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM

    2009  Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) 318–325

    Abstract: Because toxicities may differ for Cr(VI) compounds of varying solubility, some countries and organizations have promulgated different occupational exposure limits (OELs) for soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds, and analytical ... ...

    Abstract Because toxicities may differ for Cr(VI) compounds of varying solubility, some countries and organizations have promulgated different occupational exposure limits (OELs) for soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds, and analytical methods are needed to determine these species in workplace air samples. To address this need, international standard methods ASTM D6832 and ISO 16740 have been published that describe sequential extraction techniques for soluble and insoluble Cr(VI) in samples collected from occupational settings. However, no published performance data were previously available for these Cr(VI) sequential extraction procedures. In this work, the sequential extraction methods outlined in the relevant international standards were investigated. The procedures tested involved the use of either deionized water or an ammonium sulfate/ammonium hydroxide buffer solution to target soluble Cr(VI) species. This was followed by extraction in a sodium carbonate/sodium hydroxide buffer solution to dissolve insoluble Cr(VI) compounds. Three-step sequential extraction with (1) water, (2) sulfate buffer and (3) carbonate buffer was also investigated. Sequential extractions were carried out on spiked samples of soluble, sparingly soluble and insoluble Cr(VI) compounds, and analyses were then generally carried out by using the diphenylcarbazide method. Similar experiments were performed on paint pigment samples and on airborne particulate filter samples collected from stainless steel welding. Potential interferences from soluble and insoluble Cr(III) compounds, as well as from Fe(II), were investigated. Interferences from Cr(III) species were generally absent, while the presence of Fe(II) resulted in low Cr(VI) recoveries. Two-step sequential extraction of spiked samples with (first) either water or sulfate buffer, and then carbonate buffer, yielded quantitative recoveries of soluble Cr(VI) and insoluble Cr(VI), respectively. Three-step sequential extraction gave excessively high recoveries of soluble Cr(VI), low recoveries of sparingly soluble Cr(VI), and quantitative recoveries of insoluble Cr(VI). Experiments on paint pigment samples using two-step extraction with water and carbonate buffer yielded varying percentages of relative fractions of soluble and insoluble Cr(VI). Sequential extractions of stainless steel welding fume air filter samples demonstrated the predominance of soluble Cr(VI) compounds in such samples. The performance data obtained in this work support the Cr(VI) sequential extraction procedures described in the international standards.
    MeSH term(s) Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Ammonium Hydroxide ; Ammonium Sulfate/chemistry ; Carbonates/chemistry ; Chemical Fractionation/methods ; Chromium/analysis ; Chromium/chemistry ; Filtration/methods ; Hydroxides/chemistry ; Paint/analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sodium Hydroxide/chemistry ; Solubility ; Water/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Carbonates ; Hydroxides ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Chromium (0R0008Q3JB) ; chromium hexavalent ion (18540-29-9) ; sodium carbonate (45P3261C7T) ; Ammonium Hydroxide (5138Q19F1X) ; Sodium Hydroxide (55X04QC32I) ; Ammonium Sulfate (SU46BAM238)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1453583-x
    ISSN 1464-0333 ; 1464-0325
    ISSN (online) 1464-0333
    ISSN 1464-0325
    DOI 10.1039/b812236a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7401: Show issues

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