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Article ; Online: Flowers as parasite transmission hubs.

Spivak, Marla / Cariveau, Daniel P

Nature ecology & evolution

2020 Volume 4, Issue 10, Page(s) 1298–1299

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bees ; Flowers ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Parasites ; Plants ; Residence Characteristics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ISSN	2397-334X
ISSN (online)	2397-334X
DOI	10.1038/s41559-020-1200-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Prescribed fire increases the number of ground‐nesting bee nests in tallgrass prairie remnants

Brokaw, Julia / Portman, Zachary M. / Bruninga‐Socolar, Bethanne / Cariveau, Daniel P.

Insect Conservation and Diversity. 2023 May, v. 16, no. 3 p.355-367

2023

Abstract: Prescribed burning is a common management technique in tallgrass prairie remnants, but there have been few empirical studies that directly examine burning impacts on the nesting preferences and habitat of ground‐nesting bees. We used emergence traps in ... ...

Abstract	Prescribed burning is a common management technique in tallgrass prairie remnants, but there have been few empirical studies that directly examine burning impacts on the nesting preferences and habitat of ground‐nesting bees. We used emergence traps in remnant tallgrass prairies in western Minnesota, USA to determine whether ground‐nesting bees prefer to nest in burned or unburned prairies. We estimated the total number of nests made by actively nesting bees in burned and unburned patches by assessing each specimen for wing and mandible wear, sex, and sociality. We also measured characteristics that may influence bee nesting preferences including bare ground, thatch depth, vegetative cover, and the floral community. We found more nests of actively nesting ground‐nesting bees in burned patches than unburned patches, but no differences in effective number of species of ground‐nesting bees or community composition. Burned patches had higher amounts of percent bare ground and a thinner thatch layer, but no differences in percent vegetative cover, floral abundance, flowering plant species richness, effective number of species of flowers or community composition. Our results suggest that ground‐nesting bees prefer to nest in burned patches of remnant tallgrass prairies and highlight opportunities for future research to better understand bee nesting ecology in response to prairie management.
Keywords	community structure ; digger bees ; habitats ; prescribed burning ; social behavior ; species richness ; tallgrass prairies ; thatch ; Minnesota
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-05
Size	p. 355-367.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2411024-3
ISSN	1752-4598 ; 1752-458X
ISSN (online)	1752-4598
ISSN	1752-458X
DOI	10.1111/icad.12628
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A review of the

Portman, Zachary M / Arduser, Mike / Lane, Ian G / Cariveau, Daniel P

ZooKeys

2022 Volume 1130, Page(s) 103–152

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Augochloropsis
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-18
Publishing country	Bulgaria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2445640-8
ISSN	1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
ISSN (online)	1313-2970
ISSN	1313-2989
DOI	10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413
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Article ; Online: Making plant–pollinator data collection cheaper for restoration and monitoring

Bruninga‐Socolar, Bethanne / Lonsdorf, Eric V. / Lane, Ian G. / Portman, Zachary M. / Cariveau, Daniel P.

Journal of Applied Ecology. 2023 Sept., v. 60, no. 9 p.2031-2039

2023

Abstract: Wildflower plantings are a key tool for wild bee conservation, and plant–bee interaction data are frequently used in seed mix design to ensure that plantings provide sufficient resources for a diversity of bees. Plant–bee interaction data are also used ... ...

Abstract	Wildflower plantings are a key tool for wild bee conservation, and plant–bee interaction data are frequently used in seed mix design to ensure that plantings provide sufficient resources for a diversity of bees. Plant–bee interaction data are also used in monitoring programmes to measure the success of bee‐supporting habitat. However, collecting plant–bee interaction data can be expensive and these data are not used by many seed mix design practitioners and monitoring programmes. Therefore, a crucial question is how does the conservation value of seed mixes vary as a function of the intensity of the data collection effort underpinning their design? We leverage a plant–bee interaction data set to ask how bee richness is expected to change when informed by different scenarios of reduced data collection effort and cost. From the original, large data set, we created subsets of data by randomly reducing (1) the number of specimens sampled, (2) the number of sites sampled, (3) the number of sampling days per site and (4) using data from a single, representative taxon (bumble bees). We ask whether seed mixes designed from these reduced data sets support comparable bee richness to the full data set, and for any reduction in cost. Reductions in the number of specimens sampled and the number of sampling days per site yield seed mixes that support comparable bee richness to the full data set. Reductions in the number of sites yielded seed mixes that support lower bee richness than the full data set. Using bumble bee interaction data only yields seed mixes that support lower bee richness than the full data set, especially when few plants are included in the mixes. Synthesis and applications. We recommend prioritizing broad spatial, temporal and taxonomic coverage of plant–bee interaction data to guide cost‐effective seed mix design. Our results also provide guidance for practitioners designing programmes to monitor bee richness in restored habitat because plant–bee interaction data may be made cheaper by collecting fewer specimens per sampling event or collecting on fewer dates per site (as long as coverage of the full bee flight season is maintained).
Keywords	Bombus ; applied ecology ; bees ; cost effectiveness ; data collection ; flight ; habitats ; wild flowers
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-09
Size	p. 2031-2039.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	410405-5
ISSN	1365-2664 ; 0021-8901
ISSN (online)	1365-2664
ISSN	0021-8901
DOI	10.1111/1365-2664.14472
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A review of the Augochloropsis (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) and keys to the shiny green Halictinae of the midwestern United States

Portman, Zachary M. / Arduser, Mike / Lane, Ian G. / Cariveau, Daniel P.

ZooKeys. 2022 Nov. 18, v. 1130 p.103-152

2022

Abstract: AbstractAugochloropsis and other shiny green Halictinae have had various taxonomic issues and are often misidentified. One prevailing taxonomic issue is that Augochloropsis metallica (Fabricius) has two subspecies, that have long been recognized as ... ...

Abstract	AbstractAugochloropsis and other shiny green Halictinae have had various taxonomic issues and are often misidentified. One prevailing taxonomic issue is that Augochloropsis metallica (Fabricius) has two subspecies, that have long been recognized as morphologically distinct (Augochloropsis metallica metallica and Augochloropsis metallica fulgida (Smith), but the subspecies are inconsistently applied in the literature. Here, we review the Augochloropsis of the Midwest and further address the Augochloropsis species in the broader United States to resolve the outstanding taxonomic issues with the midwestern species. We provide identification keys and diagnoses for the genera and species of the shiny green Halictinae of the midwestern United States, which includes the genera Agapostemon , Augochlora , Augochlorella , and Augochloropsis . This work results in taxonomic changes to Augochloropsis . Augochloropsis sumptuosa (Smith) is split into two species, with the name Augochloropsis sumptuosa retained for the eastern form, and Augochloropsis humeralis (Patton), stat. nov., reinstated for the western form. Augochloropsis metallica is split into five species, with two of those species occurring in the midwestern United States: Augochloropsis metallica and Augochloropsis viridula (Smith), stat. nov. Examination of the holotype of Augochloropsis fulgida (Smith) revealed that it does not agree with the prevailing concept of Augochloropsis metallica fulgida it is reinstated as Augochloropsis fulgida , stat. nov., but is currently known only from the holotype female from Florida. Augochloropsis cuprea (Smith), long considered to be a synonym of Augochloropsis metallica , is also distinct, and we are reinstating Augochloropsis cuprea , stat. nov., though the range of this species is unclear. We further recognize Augochloropsis fulvofimbriata (Friese), stat. nov., from South and Central America, as distinct. These changes result in a total of three Augochloropsis species in the Midwest and seven named species in the United States. We are aware of additional species from the southern and southwestern United States that are undescribed, and we highlight additional taxonomic work that remains to be done.
Keywords	Agapostemon ; Augochlorella ; females ; holotypes ; Central America ; Florida ; Augochlora ; identification ; Paraugochloropsis ; species complex
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1118
Size	p. 103-152.
Publishing place	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2445640-8
ISSN	1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
ISSN (online)	1313-2970
ISSN	1313-2989
DOI	10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A review of the challenges and opportunities for restoring animal-mediated pollination of native plants.

Cariveau, Daniel P / Bruninga-Socolar, Bethanne / Pardee, Gabriella L

Emerging topics in life sciences

2020

Abstract: Ecological restoration is increasingly implemented to reverse habitat loss and concomitant declines in biological diversity. Typically, restoration success is evaluated by measuring the abundance and/or diversity of a single taxon. However, for a ... ...

Abstract	Ecological restoration is increasingly implemented to reverse habitat loss and concomitant declines in biological diversity. Typically, restoration success is evaluated by measuring the abundance and/or diversity of a single taxon. However, for a restoration to be successful and persistent, critical ecosystem functions such as animal-mediated pollination must be maintained. In this review, we focus on three aspects of pollination within ecological restorations. First, we address the need to measure pollination directly in restored habitats. Proxies such as pollinator abundance and richness do not always accurately assess pollination function. Pollen supplementation experiments, pollen deposition studies, and pollen transport networks are more robust methods for assessing pollination function within restorations. Second, we highlight how local-scale management and landscape-level factors may influence pollination within restorations. Local-scale management actions such as prescribed fire and removal of non-native species can have large impacts on pollinator communities and ultimately on pollination services. In addition, landscape context including proximity and connectivity to natural habitats may be an important factor for land managers and conservation practitioners to consider to maximize restoration success. Third, as climate change is predicted to be a primary driver of future loss in biodiversity, we discuss the potential effects climate change may have on animal-mediated pollination within restorations. An increased mechanistic understanding of how climate change affects pollination and incorporation of climate change predictions will help practitioners design stable, functioning restorations into the future.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2882721-1
ISSN	2397-8554 ; 2397-8554 ; 2397-8562
ISSN (online)	2397-8554
ISSN	2397-8554 ; 2397-8562
DOI	10.1042/ETLS20190073
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Article ; Online: Higher floral richness promotes rarer bee communities across remnant and reconstructed tallgrass prairies, though remnants contain higher abundances of a threatened bumble bee (Bombus Latreille)

Lane, Ian G. / Portman, Zachary M. / Herron-Sweet, Christina R. / Petersen, Jessica D. / Bruninga-Socolar, Bethanne / Cariveau, Daniel P.

Biological Conservation. 2023 Mar., v. 279 p.109862-

2023

Abstract: Managing and restoring tallgrass prairie ecosystem is an important form of pollinator conservation in the Midwestern United States. Prairie reconstruction has been found to enhance native bee diversity and abundance, but it is less clear if prairie ... ...

Abstract	Managing and restoring tallgrass prairie ecosystem is an important form of pollinator conservation in the Midwestern United States. Prairie reconstruction has been found to enhance native bee diversity and abundance, but it is less clear if prairie reconstruction conserves species thought to be at-risk. We reanalyze a previously published dataset on the bee communities of reconstructed and remnant prairie in the US state of Minnesota to investigate how the abundance of at-risk species respond to local factors, such as floral diversity and prairie type (reconstructed or remnant), and landscape factors, in the form of surrounding agricultural production. We defined at-risk species in two ways. For bumble bees, we used the IUCN red list of bumble bees for North America. As other species in the bee community have not been systematically evaluated, we used an independent data set to calculate a community-level measure of rarity as a proxy for species risk. We calculated community rarity metrics using a Species Weighted Mean (SWM) approach, with species level rarity (relative abundance and site occurrence) derived from a regional dataset comprised of over 30,000 specimens from across the US state of Minnesota. We found that the declining bumble bee Bombus fervidus had higher abundances in remnant rather than reconstructed prairies. Floral richness was associated with rarer bee communities (lower SWM values) across remnant and reconstructed prairies. We show that planting and managing prairies for floral diversity promotes bee communities with rarer species, but that remnants better support some at-risk species such as Bombus fervidus.
Keywords	Bombus fervidus ; bees ; data collection ; ecosystems ; landscapes ; pollinators ; risk ; tallgrass prairies ; Minnesota ; Native bees ; Prairie reconstruction ; Species rarity ; Floral richness ; Landscape ecology
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-03
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	0006-3207
DOI	10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109862
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The potential and realized foraging movements of bees are differentially determined by body size and sociality

Kendall, Liam K. / Mola, John M. / Portman, Zachary M. / Cariveau, Daniel P. / Smith, Henrik G. / Bartomeus, Ignasi

Ecology. 2022 Nov., v. 103, no. 11 p.e3809-

2022

Abstract: Reversing biodiversity declines requires a better understanding of organismal mobility, as movement processes dictate the scale at which species interact with the environment. Previous studies have demonstrated that species foraging ranges, and therefore, ...

Abstract	Reversing biodiversity declines requires a better understanding of organismal mobility, as movement processes dictate the scale at which species interact with the environment. Previous studies have demonstrated that species foraging ranges, and therefore, habitat use increases with body size. Yet, foraging ranges are also affected by other life‐history traits, such as sociality, which influence the need of and ability to detect resources. We evaluated the effect of body size and sociality on potential and realized foraging ranges using a compiled dataset of 383 measurements for 81 bee species. Potential ranges were larger than realized ranges and increased more steeply with body size. Highly eusocial species had larger realized foraging ranges than primitively eusocial or solitary taxa. We contend that potential ranges describe species movement capabilities, whereas realized ranges depict how foraging movements result from interactions between species traits and environmental conditions. Furthermore, the complex communication strategies and large colony sizes in highly eusocial species may facilitate foraging over wider areas in response to resource depletion. Our findings should contribute to a greater understanding of landscape ecology and conservation, as traits that influence movement mediate species vulnerability to habitat loss and fragmentation.
Keywords	bees ; biodiversity ; body size ; data collection ; habitat destruction ; habitat preferences ; landscape ecology ; life history ; social behavior
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-11
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1797-8
ISSN	0012-9658
ISSN	0012-9658
DOI	10.1002/ecy.3809
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Nectar concentrating behavior by bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila)

Portman, Zachary M. / Ascher, John S. / Cariveau, Daniel P.

Apidologie. 2021 Dec., v. 52, no. 6

2021

Abstract: Nectar is one of the most important resources used by bees. It has long been known that some bees concentrate nectar externally with their mouthparts, including honey bees and stingless bees. However, observations of this behavior in disparate bee groups ...

Abstract	Nectar is one of the most important resources used by bees. It has long been known that some bees concentrate nectar externally with their mouthparts, including honey bees and stingless bees. However, observations of this behavior in disparate bee groups suggest this behavior is widespread. Here, we combine accounts and images from publications, community science portals, and our field observations to document the breadth of nectar concentrating behavior in bees. We find this behavior to be taxonomically widespread, with observations of nectar concentrating behavior documented in 51 genera in six families. It is especially conspicuous in halictid and hylaeine bees. Nectar concentrating has various purposes, including preparation for long-term storage in hives, modification before adding to larval provisions, removal of excess water for efficient storage in the crop, thermoregulation, and potentially for nest construction. Our methods highlight how community science images validated by experts represent a rapidly growing source for aggregating novel behavioral data.
Keywords	Anthophila ; Hymenoptera ; honey ; larvae ; nectar ; nests ; storage time ; thermoregulation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 1169-1194.
Publishing place	Springer Paris
Document type	Article
Note	Review
ZDB-ID	280429-3
ISSN	1297-9678 ; 0044-8435 ; 0365-5407
ISSN (online)	1297-9678
ISSN	0044-8435 ; 0365-5407
DOI	10.1007/s13592-021-00895-1
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Differences in bee community composition between restored and remnant prairies are more strongly linked to forb community differences than landscape differences

Lane, Ian G. / Portman, Zachary M. / Herron‐Sweet, Christina H. / Pardee, Gabriella L. / Cariveau, Daniel P.

Journal of applied ecology. 2022 Jan., v. 59, no. 1

2022

Abstract: Grassland restoration is an important tool for conserving bee biodiversity within agricultural landscapes. Restorations foster increases in local bee abundance and α‐diversity; however, these measures are insufficient for understanding whether remnant ... ...

Abstract	Grassland restoration is an important tool for conserving bee biodiversity within agricultural landscapes. Restorations foster increases in local bee abundance and α‐diversity; however, these measures are insufficient for understanding whether remnant communities are being conserved. We compared native bee α‐diversity, β‐diversity and community composition between restored and remnant prairies in Minnesota, USA. We then investigated two potential drivers of bee community dissimilarity between restored and remnant prairies: proportion of agricultural land surrounding a restoration and differences in floral community between restored and remnant prairies. We selected 10 restored prairies that lie along a gradient of increasing agricultural land cover, ranging from 20% to 85% of surrounding land in agricultural production. We paired each restoration with a nearby prairie remnant and sampled bee and floral communities concurrently in each restoration–remnant pair. We quantified bee and forb α‐diversity, community composition, β‐diversity and levels of dissimilarity between restoration–remnant pairs along the gradient of agricultural development. Additionally, we quantified differences in the community‐weighted mean between restored and remnant prairies for two bee traits, oligolecty and tongue length, to investigate how differences in floral community between restored and remnant prairies may influence bee community composition. While bee α‐diversity between restored and remnant prairies was similar, bee composition between restorations and remnants was significantly different with restorations being more homogeneous than remnants. Differences in bee community composition and β‐diversity were not significantly related to agricultural landscapes or floral community dissimilarity; however, we found a significantly higher proportion of oligolectic bees in remnant prairies. This difference in oligolectic bees was likely related to the absence of important host plants in restorations. Synthesis and application. Prairie restorations should seek to provide diverse floral resources that are of similar composition to remnant prairies. Specifically, providing important floral host plants for pollen specialist bees could improve restorations' ability to conserve prairie remnant bee communities.
Keywords	agricultural development ; agricultural land ; applied ecology ; bees ; community structure ; forbs ; grassland restoration ; land cover ; landscapes ; pollen ; tongue ; Minnesota
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Size	p. 129-140.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	410405-5
ISSN	1365-2664 ; 0021-8901
ISSN (online)	1365-2664
ISSN	0021-8901
DOI	10.1111/1365-2664.14035
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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