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Article ; Online: Reliability and validity of field-based tests for assessing physical fitness in gymnasts

Jorge Salse-Batán / Silvia Varela / Adrián García-Fresneda / Carlos Ayán

Apunts Sports Medicine, Vol 57, Iss 216, Pp 100397- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Objective: This systematic review aimed at analysing the reliability and validity of field-based tests for assessing physical fitness in gymnasts. Method: Three electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus) were searched up to March 2022, in ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This systematic review aimed at analysing the reliability and validity of field-based tests for assessing physical fitness in gymnasts. Method: Three electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus) were searched up to March 2022, in order to identify studies that assessed the psychometric properties of field-based physical fitness test among gymnastics. Results: A total of 16 studies on several gymnastics modalities (artistics n = 11; rhythmic n = 3, artistics and rhythmic n = 1; aerobic n = 1), were analyzed. All studies reported on reliability measured through test-retest design. Validity was reported in only four studies. Regarding specific tests, the split test (ICC = 0.998), and the handstand (ICC= 1) showed the highest test-retest reliability. The greater validity values were achieved by the split test (r2 = 0.52), hanging pikes test (r2 = 0.86), and handstand test (r2 = 0.65). Conclusion: A great variety of both specific and non-specific physical fitness tests have been analyzed in the field of gymnastics. The side split test, the handstand test, the vertical jump test, the 20-m run test, the agility test, and the aerobic gymnast anaerobic test could be useful tools to assess flexibility, strength, balance, muscular power, speed, agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness in gymnasts. Further investigations analyzing absolute reliability and criterion validity are needed.
Keywords	Strength ; Aerobic endurance ; Anaerobic endurance ; Flexibility ; Evaluation and measurement ; Sports medicine ; RC1200-1245
Subject code	796 ; 150
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Most Common Handball Injuries

Helena Vila / Andrea Barreiro / Carlos Ayán / Antonio Antúnez / Carmen Ferragut

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 10688, p

A Systematic Review

2022 Volume 10688

Abstract: Handball is a team sport involving a great physical demand from its practitioners in which a high number of injuries occur, affecting individual and collective performance. Knowledge of the injuries is of great importance for their prevention. The ... ...

Abstract	Handball is a team sport involving a great physical demand from its practitioners in which a high number of injuries occur, affecting individual and collective performance. Knowledge of the injuries is of great importance for their prevention. The objective of the present study was to identify, locate and compare the most frequent injuries and injury mechanisms in handball practice. It was carried out following the Preferred Informed Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The source of data collection was direct consultation of the PubMed and Medline databases. Several keywords were used for the documentary retrieval, and the quality of the studies that were selected was evaluated. Of the 707 studies retrieved, only 27 were considered appropriate for the review, and quality scores were obtained that ranged from 10 to 26 points, out of a maximum of 28. The most frequent injuries in handball players are located in the lower limbs (thigh, knee and ankle), and in the shoulder in the upper limbs. Regarding the playing position, the players who play over the 6-m line are the most affected by injuries, while the women players have a higher probability of injury. Most injuries occur during competition.
Keywords	athletes ; team sports ; prevention ; epidemiology ; overuse injuries ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Exercise training program in children with lower-limb amputation

Óscar García-García / Sofía Mosteiro / David Suárez-Iglesias / Carlos Ayán

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, Vol 67, Iss 2, Pp 277-

2021 Volume 281

Abstract: SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Few physical exercise programs for children with limb loss have been described in detail recently. We provided information regarding the characteristics and effectiveness of an alternative rehabilitation exercise developed for children ...

Abstract	SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Few physical exercise programs for children with limb loss have been described in detail recently. We provided information regarding the characteristics and effectiveness of an alternative rehabilitation exercise developed for children with lower-limb amputation. METHODS: An 8-year-old boy with a below-knee amputation and a 9-year-old bilateral amputee girl performed an exercise program of one 2-h session per week for 20 weeks, aimed at developing muscular strength and coordination. Walking ability and walking speed were assessed by using the L-test of functional mobility and 10-m walk test, respectively. Mechanical and neuromuscular muscle function was assessed by using tensiomyography. RESULTS: In case 1, a decrement of 9.5% and 10.5% was found in the L-test (42 s vs. 38 s) and in the 10-m test (19 s vs. 17 s) scores, respectively. In case 2, walking ability remained unchanged (L-test score: 38 s), while a 5.2% reduction in walking speed was observed (10-m test score: 19 s vs. 18 s). No relevant changes were observed in the muscular tone in both cases. CONCLUSIONS: Practitioners should be aware that, contrary to what could be expected, a multidisciplinary training program held once per week for 5 months had a minimal impact on the gait pattern and neuromuscular function of two children with lower-limb amputation.
Keywords	Amputees ; Child ; Exercise ; Gait ; Muscle tonus ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Associação Médica Brasileira
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sport Injuries among Amateur Women and Young Intermediate Level Female Handball Players

Miguel A. Sanchez-Lastra / Pedro Vicente Vila / Arón Díaz Ledo / Carlos Ayán

Medicina, Vol 57, Iss 565, p

A Preliminary Investigation

2021 Volume 565

Abstract: Background and objectives : Handball is a popular sport among women whose practice can lead to marked health benefits but could also show a high injury risk. There is a lack of research on intermediate level female players. We aimed to identify the ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives : Handball is a popular sport among women whose practice can lead to marked health benefits but could also show a high injury risk. There is a lack of research on intermediate level female players. We aimed to identify the prevalence of sport injuries in amateur and young intermediate level female handball players and the potential influence of the sport category. Materials and Methods : A group of cadets, juvenile and senior female players of three handball clubs participating in the Spanish regional league were followed throughout the 2018–2019 season. Information on injuries and exposure was collected via questionnaires. Results : Out of 114 players (34 seniors, 33 juvenile and 47 cadets), 77 of them sustained at least one injury. Most of the injuries were either moderate or severe, regardless of the category. A total of 7.93, 5.93 and 4.16 injuries per 1000 h of exposure were registered in the senior, juvenile and cadet categories respectively. The risk of sustaining an injury was 2.14 times higher for senior players Confidence Interval (CI 95%: 1.51–3.03) and 1.92 higher for juvenile players (CI 95%: 1.32–2.78) when compared with cadets. Conclusions : Senior and young female handball athletes playing at an amateur and intermediate level, are exposed to a substantial risk of sustaining a moderate or severe injury. The players’ category does not seem to have a great impact on the injury rate and on the characteristics of the sport injuries registered.
Keywords	female ; sports medicine ; wounds and injuries ; handball ; injury prevention ; health ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Validity and reference values for the 3-minute shuttle run test in spanish preschoolers

Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra / José Carlos Diz Gómez / Rodolfo Iván Martínez-Lemos / Carlos Ayán

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, Vol 67, Iss 6, Pp 839-

2021 Volume 844

Abstract: SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the validity and provide normative values for the three-min shuttle run test in Spanish preschoolers. METHODS: A total of 497 children (mean age 4.83±0.57 years; 47.8% girls) performed the three- ...

Abstract	SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the validity and provide normative values for the three-min shuttle run test in Spanish preschoolers. METHODS: A total of 497 children (mean age 4.83±0.57 years; 47.8% girls) performed the three-min shuttle run test. Posttest body mass index and heart rate values were taken as internal validity indicators. RESULTS: Age- and sex-specific percentiles for cardiorespiratory fitness were provided. Boys performed better than girls in the test. A significant association was observed between the total distance covered and heart rate (p=0.002). No correlation was found between body mass index and the test score, although the total distance covered by normal weight and obese children was significantly different (296.9 versus. 271.3 m; p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides age- and sex-specific cardiorespiratory fitness normative values for the three-min shuttle run test when performed by Spanish preschoolers. This test is an interesting option when the lack of resources limits the measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness in the preschool setting.
Keywords	Reference values ; Cardiorespiratory fitness ; Children ; Spain ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Associação Médica Brasileira
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Efficacy of Re-Warm-Up Practices during Half-Time

Daniel González-Devesa / Alejandro Vaquera / David Suárez-Iglesias / Carlos Ayán-Pérez

Medicina, Vol 57, Iss 976, p

A Systematic Review

2021 Volume 976

Abstract: Background and Objectives : The passive nature of rest breaks in sport could reduce athletes’ performance and even increase their risk of injury. Re-warm-up activities could help avoid these problems, but there is a lack of research on their efficacy. ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives : The passive nature of rest breaks in sport could reduce athletes’ performance and even increase their risk of injury. Re-warm-up activities could help avoid these problems, but there is a lack of research on their efficacy. This systematic review aimed at analyzing the results of those randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that provided information on the effects of re-warm-up strategies. Materials and Methods : Four electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from their inception to January 2021, for RCTs on the effects of re-warm-up activities on sports performance. Interventions had to be implemented just after an exercise period or sports competition. Studies that proposed activities that were difficult to replicate in the sport context or performed in a hot environment were excluded. Data were synthesized following PRISMA guidelines, while the risk of bias was assessed following the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration. Results : A total of 14 studies (178 participants) reporting data on acute or short-term effects were analyzed. The main outcomes were grouped into four broad areas: physiological measures, conditional abilities, perceptual skills, and sport efficiency measures. The results obtained indicated that passive rest decreases physiological function in athletes, while re-warm-up activities could help to improve athletes’ conditional abilities and sporting efficiency, despite showing higher fatigue levels in comparison with passive rest. The re-warm-up exercise showed to be more effective than passive rest to improve match activities and passing ability. Conclusions : Performing re-warm-up activities is a valuable strategy to avoid reducing sports performance during prolonged breaks. However, given that the methodological quality of the studies was not high, these relationships need to be further explored in official or simulated competitions.
Keywords	performance ; active recovery ; rest period ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: The Long-Term Benefits of a Multicomponent Physical Activity Program to Body Composition, Muscle Strength, Cardiorespiratory Capacity, and Bone Mineral Density in a Group of Nonagenarians.

Cancela, Jose Maria / Perez, Carlos Ayán / Rodrigues, Luis Paulo / Bezerra, Pedro

Rejuvenation research

2020 Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 217–223

Abstract: Promotion of physical activity among older adults is considered to be one of the main actions that can result in more successful aging. Currently, there are few studies focusing on the effects of long-duration physical activity interventions in older ... ...

Abstract	Promotion of physical activity among older adults is considered to be one of the main actions that can result in more successful aging. Currently, there are few studies focusing on the effects of long-duration physical activity interventions in older adults. This study examined the effects of an 8-month multicomponent intervention on cardiorespiratory capacity (6-minute walking test), body composition (body-mass index), muscle strength (handgrip and knee extension), and bone mineral density (femoral neck) in a group of nonagenarians. A secondary aim was to determine the impact of the program according to the participant's way of life (institutionalized vs. community dwelling). A total of 14 institutionalized nonagenarians (years: 93.1 ± 1.6; female: 100%) and 16 community-dwelling nonagenarians (years: 93.1 ± 1.6; female: 75%) participated in this study. Our analysis suggested that the multicomponent program significantly improved the levels of strength in handgrip and leg extension in all participants. Intergroup analysis showed that the changes experienced were greater in community-dwelling people. Improvements in the cardiorespiratory capacity of older adults-more distance walked in 6 minutes-who were living in the nursing home (mean distance traveled: 238.5 ± 96.0 vs. 250.7 ± 99.0 m) were observed. Our findings found that an 8-month, multicomponent intervention program results in significant improvements in the levels of strength (handgrip and knee extension) in nonagenarians. This effect is greater in community-dwelling people.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/physiology ; Body Composition/physiology ; Bone Density/physiology ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology ; Cohort Studies ; Exercise/physiology ; Exercise Therapy/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Male ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Portugal ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Controlled Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2150779-X
ISSN	1557-8577 ; 1549-1684
ISSN (online)	1557-8577
ISSN	1549-1684
DOI	10.1089/rej.2019.2195
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Article ; Online: Anthropometric and fitness normative values for young karatekas

Oscar Martinez-de-Quel / Luis M. Alegre / Adrián Castillo-García / Carlos Ayán

Biology of Sport, Vol 38, Iss 3, Pp 351-

2020 Volume 357

Abstract: To provide information regarding the anthropometric and fitness profile of young karatekas and to study its evolution with age. Data from top-level karatekas were included in the analysis: 97 athletes in the U14 category (12–13 years old), 238 in cadet ( ... ...

Abstract	To provide information regarding the anthropometric and fitness profile of young karatekas and to study its evolution with age. Data from top-level karatekas were included in the analysis: 97 athletes in the U14 category (12–13 years old), 238 in cadet (14–15 years old), 261 in junior (16–17 years old) and 177 in U21 (18–20 years old), which makes a total of 773 athlete data sets. Karatekas underwent anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index and body fat percentage) and fitness (sit and reach, 20-m shuttle run, standing long jump, overhead 3-kg ball throw, 10x5-m shuttle run, and plate-tapping) assessments during the training camps organized by the Spanish National Karate Federation between 1999 and 2016. Male karatekas were taller and heavier, and performed better than females in all the fitness dimensions assessed, except for flexibility and speed of upper limb movements. The obtained cardiovascular and lower-body muscular values indicated that karatekas in this study were placed between the 80th and the 90th percentile when compared with the general population. The results of the agility, coordination and speed of upper limb movements, and flexibility tests showed that the karatekas obtained much higher scores than those observed in age-matched populations. Young karatekas show a high fitness level in comparison with the general population, especially with regards to aerobic performance, lower-body muscular power and upper-limb movement speed. Reference values of anthropometric and fitness dimensions are provided in order to be used by coaches, conditioning trainers and sport scientists when testing young male and female karatekas.
Keywords	reference standards ; martial arts ; testing ; combat sports ; sport talent ; adolescents ; Sports medicine ; RC1200-1245 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Termedia Publishing House
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prescription of physical exercise in Crohn's disease.

Pérez, Carlos Ayán

Journal of Crohn's & colitis

2009 Volume 3, Issue 4, Page(s) 225–231

Abstract: Background: Physical exercise may be potentially beneficial for recovering physical condition and improving quality of life in populations suffering from chronic conditions, but little is known about its effects on patients suffering from Crohn's ... ...

Abstract	Background: Physical exercise may be potentially beneficial for recovering physical condition and improving quality of life in populations suffering from chronic conditions, but little is known about its effects on patients suffering from Crohn's disease. Aims: To provide reasonable and conservative recommendations for exercise regimens that appear clinically safe and feasible in patients suffering from Crohn's disease. Methods: Relevant clinical studies about the effects of physical exercise on Crohn's disease, written in English language and carried out with human subjects were reviewed. Results: Few relevant clinical studies have evaluated the effects of an exercise intervention on patients experiencing Crohn's disease. There seem to be two main types of physical interventions that should be recommended: aerobic activity and muscular resistance training. Conclusions: Some basic guidelines about how to prescribe physical exercise in Crohn's disease can be provided. However, more research is needed as few studies have been carried out so far.
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2390120-2
ISSN	1876-4479 ; 1873-9946
ISSN (online)	1876-4479
ISSN	1873-9946
DOI	10.1016/j.crohns.2009.08.006
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Article: Physical activity, dietary habits and sleep quality before and during COVID-19 lockdown: A longitudinal study

Martínez-de-Quel, Óscar / Suárez-Iglesias, David / López-Flores, Marcos / Pérez, Carlos Ayán

Appetite. 2021 Mar. 01, v. 158

2021

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the health public authorities to impose a lockdown as an epidemiological containment strategy. This study aimed to provide information regarding the impact of the mandatory confinement on the physical activity, eating ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the health public authorities to impose a lockdown as an epidemiological containment strategy. This study aimed to provide information regarding the impact of the mandatory confinement on the physical activity, eating disorders risk, sleep quality and well-being on a Spanish sample. An online survey that included the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Eating Attitude Test-26, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was administered two days after the state of alarm was stablished in Spain and five days after such measures began to be eased. Out of the 693 people who answered the first questionnaire, 161 completed the second one. These participants spent a total of 48 days locked at home, a period during which a significant worsening in all the variables assessed except for the risk of developing eating disorders, was observed: weight (kg), 67.3 ± 14.8 vs 67.7 ± 15.1, p = 0.012; physical activity (MET minutes per week), 8515.7 ± 10260.0 vs 5053.5 ± 5502.0, p < 0.001; sleep problems (total score), 6.2 ± 3.5 vs 7.2 ± 3.9, p < 0.001; self-perceived well-being (score), 4 (3–4) vs 3 (3–4), p < 0.001. The confinement had a significant differential effect on physically active participants, who experienced a significant decline (p < 0.05) on their physical activity levels, quality of sleep and well-being; whereas physically inactive participants did not experience significant changes. Findings from this longitudinal study indicate that a lockdown period due to COVID-19 had a negative impact on the physical activity levels, sleep quality and well-being in a group of physically active Spanish adults. Public health authorities should be aware that people who usually lead an active lifestyle, might be particularly susceptible to such disruptions.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; adults ; eating disorders ; eating habits ; exercise ; health surveys ; longitudinal studies ; pandemic ; physical health ; quarantine ; questionnaires ; sedentary lifestyle ; self-perception ; sleep deprivation ; weight gain ; Spain
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0301
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	golden set
ZDB-ID	764440-1
ISSN	0195-6663
ISSN	0195-6663
DOI	10.1016/j.appet.2020.105019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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