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  1. Article ; Online: Circulating Linoleic Acid is Associated with Improved Glucose Tolerance in Women after Gestational Diabetes.

    Andersson-Hall, Ulrika / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Sandberg, Ann-Sofie / Holmäng, Agneta

    Nutrients

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 11

    Abstract: Women with previously diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of type-2-diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to establish links between glucose tolerance (GT) and serum fatty acid (FA) profile in the transition from GDM to T2D. ... ...

    Abstract Women with previously diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of type-2-diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to establish links between glucose tolerance (GT) and serum fatty acid (FA) profile in the transition from GDM to T2D. Six years after GDM, 221 women were grouped as having normal GT (NGT), impaired GT (IGT), or T2D based on oral GT test results. Fasting serum FAs were profiled, anthropometric measures taken, and dietary intake determined. Linoleic acid (LA) was significantly higher in NGT women (
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes, Gestational/blood ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Linoleic Acid/blood ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Linoleic Acid (9KJL21T0QJ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu10111629
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Effect of stabilization method and freeze/thaw-aided precipitation on structural and functional properties of proteins recovered from brown seaweed (Saccharina latissima)

    Abdollahi, Mehdi / Axelsson, John / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Nylund, Göran M / Albers, Eva / Undeland, Ingrid

    Food hydrocolloids. 2019 Nov., v. 96

    2019  

    Abstract: Structural, functional and nutritional properties of protein recovered from brown seaweed, S. latissima with alkaline solubilization/isoelectric precipitation as a function of different post-harvest stabilization methods were studied. The latter included ...

    Abstract Structural, functional and nutritional properties of protein recovered from brown seaweed, S. latissima with alkaline solubilization/isoelectric precipitation as a function of different post-harvest stabilization methods were studied. The latter included freezing at −20 °C/-80 °C, oven-drying, sun-drying, freeze-drying and ensilaging. Also, the efficacy of freeze/thaw-aided precipitation (F/T) in improving protein recovery of the process was evaluated. The freeze-dried, oven-dried, and −20 °C frozen seaweeds resulted in significantly higher protein yield than the −80°C-frozen, sun-dried and ensiled biomasses. F/T increased protein precipitation and doubled total protein yield. Sun-drying and −20°C-freezing caused extensive protein degradation as revealed by SDS-PAGE and HP-SEC, while oven-drying altered the seaweed protein structure with less α-helices. Functional properties of the seaweed proteins were remarkably affected by stabilization condition and F/T, but nutritional value of the proteins was only dependent on stabilization method. Thus, to efficiently recover seaweed proteins, its post-harvest stabilization condition must be carefully chosen based on the final application of the proteins.
    Keywords Saccharina latissima ; chemical precipitation ; freeze drying ; freezing ; functional properties ; hydrocolloids ; macroalgae ; nutritive value ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; protein content ; protein degradation ; protein structure ; proteins ; solar drying ; solubilization
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-11
    Size p. 140-150.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742742-6
    ISSN 1873-7137 ; 0268-005X
    ISSN (online) 1873-7137
    ISSN 0268-005X
    DOI 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.05.007
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Production of protein extracts from Swedish red, green, and brown seaweeds, Porphyra umbilicalis Kützing, Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, and Saccharina latissima (Linnaeus) J. V. Lamouroux using three different methods

    Harrysson, Hanna / Hayes, Maria / Eimer, Friederike / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Toth, Gunilla B / Undeland, Ingrid

    Journal of applied phycology. 2018 Dec., v. 30, no. 6

    2018  

    Abstract: The demand for vegetable proteins increases globally and seaweeds are considered novel and promising protein sources. However, the tough polysaccharide-rich cell walls and the abundance of polyphenols reduce the extractability and digestibility of ... ...

    Abstract The demand for vegetable proteins increases globally and seaweeds are considered novel and promising protein sources. However, the tough polysaccharide-rich cell walls and the abundance of polyphenols reduce the extractability and digestibility of seaweed proteins. Therefore, food grade, scalable, and environmentally friendly protein extraction techniques are required. To date, little work has been carried out on developing such methods taking into consideration the structural differences between seaweed species. In this work, three different protein extraction methods were applied to three Swedish seaweeds (Porphyra umbilicalis, Ulva lactuca, and Saccharina latissima). These methods included (I) a traditional method using sonication in water and subsequent ammonium sulfate-induced protein precipitation, (II) the pH-shift protein extraction method using alkaline protein solubilization followed by isoelectric precipitation, and (III) the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE®) method where proteins are extracted after pre-removal of lipids and phlorotannins. The highest protein yields were achieved using the pH-shift method applied to P. umbilicalis (22.6 ± 7.3%) and S. latissima (25.1 ± 0.9%). The traditional method resulted in the greatest protein yield when applied to U. lactuca (19.6 ± 0.8%). However, the protein concentration in the produced extracts was highest for all three species using the pH-shift method (71.0 ± 3.7%, 51.2 ± 2.1%, and 40.7 ± 0.5% for P. umbilicalis, U. lactuca, and S. latissima, respectively). In addition, the pH-shift method was found to concentrate the fatty acids in U. lactuca and S. latissima by 2.2 and 1.6 times, respectively. The pH-shift method can therefore be considered a promising strategy for producing seaweed protein ingredients for use in food and feed.
    Keywords Porphyra ; Saccharina latissima ; Ulva lactuca ; ammonium ; cell walls ; chemical precipitation ; digestibility ; fatty acids ; ingredients ; macroalgae ; polyphenols ; protein sources ; solubilization ; solvents ; sonication ; vegetable protein
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-12
    Size p. 3565-3580.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1002324-0
    ISSN 1573-5176 ; 0921-8971
    ISSN (online) 1573-5176
    ISSN 0921-8971
    DOI 10.1007/s10811-018-1481-7
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Circulating Linoleic Acid is Associated with Improved Glucose Tolerance in Women after Gestational Diabetes

    Andersson-Hall, Ulrika / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Sandberg, Ann-Sofie / Holmäng, Agneta

    Nutrients. 2018 Nov. 02, v. 10, no. 11

    2018  

    Abstract: Women with previously diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of type-2-diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to establish links between glucose tolerance (GT) and serum fatty acid (FA) profile in the transition from GDM to T2D. ... ...

    Abstract Women with previously diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of type-2-diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to establish links between glucose tolerance (GT) and serum fatty acid (FA) profile in the transition from GDM to T2D. Six years after GDM, 221 women were grouped as having normal GT (NGT), impaired GT (IGT), or T2D based on oral GT test results. Fasting serum FAs were profiled, anthropometric measures taken, and dietary intake determined. Linoleic acid (LA) was significantly higher in NGT women (p < 0.001) compared with IGT and T2D, and emerged as a strong predictor of low glucose and insulin levels, independently of BMI. Self-reported vegetable oil consumption correlated with LA serum levels and glucose levels. Delta-6-, delta-9-, and stearoyl-CoA-desaturase activities were associated with decreased GT, and delta-5-desaturase activities with increased GT. In a subgroup of women at high risk of diabetes, low LA and high palmitic acid levels were seen in those that developed T2D, with no differences in other FAs or metabolic measurements. Results suggest that proportions of LA and palmitic acid are of particular interest in the transition from GDM to T2D. Interconversions between individual FAs regulated by desaturases appear to be relevant to glucose metabolism.
    Keywords blood serum ; body mass index ; enzyme activity ; fasting ; fatty acid composition ; food intake ; gestational diabetes ; glucose ; glucose tolerance ; insulin ; linoleic acid ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; palmitic acid ; stearoyl-CoA desaturase ; vegetable oil ; women
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-1102
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu10111629
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Quantification of total fatty acids in microalgae: comparison of extraction and transesterification methods.

    Cavonius, Lillie R / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Undeland, Ingrid

    Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

    2014  Volume 406, Issue 28, Page(s) 7313–7322

    Abstract: Determination of microalgaes' fatty acid content is often done with chloroform and methanol according to the Bligh and Dyer extraction, though faster methods exist. A number of comparisons between the Bligh and Dyer and faster methods have resulted in ... ...

    Abstract Determination of microalgaes' fatty acid content is often done with chloroform and methanol according to the Bligh and Dyer extraction, though faster methods exist. A number of comparisons between the Bligh and Dyer and faster methods have resulted in contradicting data, possibly due to differences in algae used and the different versions of the Bligh and Dyer method applied. Here, various forms of direct-transesterification (D-TE) and two-step transesterification (2-TE), including three versions developed in our lab, are compared with the original Bligh and Dyer (Can J Biochem Physiol 37: 911-917, 1959) extraction and two modifications thereof (Lee et al. J AOAC Int 79:487-492, 1996, and our own acidified version) on microalgae with different cell walls: Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsis oculata, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In total, fatty acid extracts from 11 methods were separated and quantified by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Results show that, for N. oculata and P. tricornutum, methods based on chloroform-methanol underestimated the fatty acid content compared with the 2-TE and D-TE methods, which gave similar results. Moreover, D-TE methods are faster than chloroform-methanol methods and use chemicals that are less toxic. Of the D-TE methods, the ones using hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid recovered the most fatty acids, while boron trifluoride recovered slightly less. The main qualitative difference between the fatty acids recovered was that the chloroform-methanol methods recovered less saturated fatty acids in P. tricornutum.
    MeSH term(s) Chemical Fractionation/methods ; Esterification ; Fatty Acids/analysis ; Fatty Acids/isolation & purification ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Microalgae/chemistry ; Solvents/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Fatty Acids ; Solvents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 201093-8
    ISSN 1618-2650 ; 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
    ISSN (online) 1618-2650
    ISSN 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
    DOI 10.1007/s00216-014-8155-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Quantification of total fatty acids in microalgae: comparison of extraction and transesterification methods

    Cavonius, Lillie R / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Undeland, Ingrid

    Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2014 Nov., v. 406, no. 28

    2014  

    Abstract: Determination of microalgaes’ fatty acid content is often done with chloroform and methanol according to the Bligh and Dyer extraction, though faster methods exist. A number of comparisons between the Bligh and Dyer and faster methods have resulted in ... ...

    Abstract Determination of microalgaes’ fatty acid content is often done with chloroform and methanol according to the Bligh and Dyer extraction, though faster methods exist. A number of comparisons between the Bligh and Dyer and faster methods have resulted in contradicting data, possibly due to differences in algae used and the different versions of the Bligh and Dyer method applied. Here, various forms of direct-transesterification (D-TE) and two-step transesterification (2-TE), including three versions developed in our lab, are compared with the original Bligh and Dyer (Can J Biochem Physiol 37: 911–917, 1959) extraction and two modifications thereof (Lee et al. J AOAC Int 79:487–492, 1996, and our own acidified version) on microalgae with different cell walls: Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsis oculata, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In total, fatty acid extracts from 11 methods were separated and quantified by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Results show that, for N. oculata and P. tricornutum, methods based on chloroform–methanol underestimated the fatty acid content compared with the 2-TE and D-TE methods, which gave similar results. Moreover, D-TE methods are faster than chloroform–methanol methods and use chemicals that are less toxic. Of the D-TE methods, the ones using hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid recovered the most fatty acids, while boron trifluoride recovered slightly less. The main qualitative difference between the fatty acids recovered was that the chloroform–methanol methods recovered less saturated fatty acids in P. tricornutum.
    Keywords Isochrysis galbana ; Nannochloropsis ; Phaeodactylum tricornutum ; boron ; cell walls ; chloroform ; fatty acid composition ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; hydrochloric acid ; methanol ; microalgae ; saturated fatty acids ; sulfuric acid ; toxicity ; transesterification
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-11
    Size p. 7313-7322.
    Publishing place Springer-Verlag
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1618-2642
    DOI 10.1007/s00216-014-8155-3
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Fermentation of pseudocereals quinoa, canihua, and amaranth to improve mineral accessibility through degradation of phytate.

    Castro-Alba, Vanesa / Lazarte, Claudia E / Perez-Rea, Daysi / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Almgren, Annette / Bergenståhl, Björn / Granfeldt, Yvonne

    Journal of the science of food and agriculture

    2019  Volume 99, Issue 11, Page(s) 5239–5248

    Abstract: Background: Pseudocereals are nutrient-rich grains with high mineral content but also phytate content. Phytate is a mineral absorption inhibitor. The study's aim was to evaluate phytate degradation during spontaneous fermentation and during ... ...

    Abstract Background: Pseudocereals are nutrient-rich grains with high mineral content but also phytate content. Phytate is a mineral absorption inhibitor. The study's aim was to evaluate phytate degradation during spontaneous fermentation and during Lactobacillus plantarum 299v® fermentation of quinoa, canihua, and amaranth grains and flours. It also aimed to evaluate the accessibility of iron, zinc, and calcium and to estimate their bioavailability before and after the fermentation of flours with starter culture. Lactic acid, pH, phytate, and mineral content were analyzed during fermentation.
    Results: Higher phytate degradation was found during the fermentation of flours (64-93%) than during that of grains (12-51%). Results suggest that phytate degradation was mainly due to endogenous phytase activity in different pseudocereals rather than the phytase produced by added microorganisms. The addition of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v® resulted in a higher level of lactic acid (76.8-82.4 g kg
    Conclusion: Fermentation proved to be effective for degrading phytate in pseudocereal flours, but less so in grains. Fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum 299v® improved mineral accessibility and estimated bioavailability in flours. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
    MeSH term(s) Amaranthus/chemistry ; Amaranthus/metabolism ; Amaranthus/microbiology ; Chenopodium/chemistry ; Chenopodium/metabolism ; Chenopodium/microbiology ; Chenopodium quinoa/chemistry ; Chenopodium quinoa/metabolism ; Chenopodium quinoa/microbiology ; Edible Grain/chemistry ; Edible Grain/metabolism ; Edible Grain/microbiology ; Fermentation ; Flour/analysis ; Gastrointestinal Tract/metabolism ; Humans ; Lactobacillus plantarum/metabolism ; Minerals/analysis ; Minerals/metabolism ; Phytic Acid/analysis ; Phytic Acid/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Minerals ; Phytic Acid (7IGF0S7R8I)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184116-6
    ISSN 1097-0010 ; 0022-5142
    ISSN (online) 1097-0010
    ISSN 0022-5142
    DOI 10.1002/jsfa.9793
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Effect of fermentation and dry roasting on the nutritional quality and sensory attributes of quinoa.

    Castro-Alba, Vanesa / Lazarte, Claudia Eliana / Perez-Rea, Daysi / Sandberg, Ann-Sofie / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Almgren, Annette / Bergenståhl, Björn / Granfeldt, Yvonne

    Food science & nutrition

    2019  Volume 7, Issue 12, Page(s) 3902–3911

    Abstract: Background: Quinoa is a pseudocereal with relatively high content of proteins and minerals that also contains mineral inhibitors such as phytate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate lactic acid fermentation and dry roasting on the nutritional ... ...

    Abstract Background: Quinoa is a pseudocereal with relatively high content of proteins and minerals that also contains mineral inhibitors such as phytate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate lactic acid fermentation and dry roasting on the nutritional quality and sensory attributes of quinoa. Various processes were evaluated, and quinoa grains were dry-roasted, milled, and fermented, either with or without the addition of wheat phytase or activated quinoa phytase (added as back-slop starter), for 10 hr. In other processes, raw quinoa flour was fermented for 10 hr or 4 hr and dry-roasted. Hedonic sensory evaluation was then performed to evaluate the acceptability of the fermented flours prepared as porridges.
    Results: The combined dry roasting and fermentation processes significantly (
    Conclusion: Fermentation of quinoa flour for 4 hr followed by dry roasting was successful in improving both nutritional and sensory attributes of the final product.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703010-6
    ISSN 2048-7177
    ISSN 2048-7177
    DOI 10.1002/fsn3.1247
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Effect of stabilization method and freeze/thaw-aided precipitation on structural and functional properties of proteins recovered from brown seaweed (Saccharina latissima)

    Abdollahi, Mehdi / Axelsson, John / Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar / Nylund, Göran M. / Albers, Eva / Undeland, Ingrid

    Food hydrocolloids

    2019  Volume 96, Issue -, Page(s) 140–150

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742742-6
    ISSN 0268-005X
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  10. Article: Fermentation of pseudocereals quinoa, canihua, and amaranth to improve mineral accessibility through degradation of phytate

    Castro‐Alba, Vanesa / Lazarte, Claudia E / Perez‐Rea, Daysi / Carlsson, Nils‐Gunnar / Almgren, Annette / Bergenståhl, Björn / Granfeldt, Yvonne

    Journal of the science of food and agriculture. 2019 Aug. 30, v. 99, no. 11

    2019  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pseudocereals are nutrient‐rich grains with high mineral content but also phytate content. Phytate is a mineral absorption inhibitor. The study's aim was to evaluate phytate degradation during spontaneous fermentation and during Lactobacillus ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Pseudocereals are nutrient‐rich grains with high mineral content but also phytate content. Phytate is a mineral absorption inhibitor. The study's aim was to evaluate phytate degradation during spontaneous fermentation and during Lactobacillus plantarum 299v® fermentation of quinoa, canihua, and amaranth grains and flours. It also aimed to evaluate the accessibility of iron, zinc, and calcium and to estimate their bioavailability before and after the fermentation of flours with starter culture. Lactic acid, pH, phytate, and mineral content were analyzed during fermentation. RESULTS: Higher phytate degradation was found during the fermentation of flours (64–93%) than during that of grains (12–51%). Results suggest that phytate degradation was mainly due to endogenous phytase activity in different pseudocereals rather than the phytase produced by added microorganisms. The addition of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v® resulted in a higher level of lactic acid (76.8–82.4 g kg−1 DM) during fermentation, and a relatively quicker reduction in pH to 4 than in spontaneous fermentation. Mineral accessibility was increased (1.7–4.6‐fold) and phytate : mineral molar ratios were reduced (1.5–4.2‐fold) in agreement with phytate degradation (1.8–4.2‐fold) in fermented flours. The reduced molar ratios were still above the threshold value for the improved estimated mineral bioavailability of mainly iron. CONCLUSION: Fermentation proved to be effective for degrading phytate in pseudocereal flours, but less so in grains. Fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum 299v® improved mineral accessibility and estimated bioavailability in flours. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
    Keywords Chenopodium pallidicaule ; Lactobacillus plantarum ; antinutritional factors ; bioavailability ; calcium ; enzyme activity ; fermentation ; flour ; iron ; lactic acid ; microorganisms ; mineral content ; pH ; phytases ; phytic acid ; pseudocereals ; starter cultures ; zinc
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0830
    Size p. 5239-5248.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 184116-6
    ISSN 1097-0010 ; 0022-5142
    ISSN (online) 1097-0010
    ISSN 0022-5142
    DOI 10.1002/jsfa.9793
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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