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Article ; Online: The Future Is Now: OrganEx Technology and Its Implications for Transplant Medicine.

Duarte, Sergio / Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Zarrinpar, Ali

2023 Volume 107, Issue 4, Page(s) 799–800

MeSH term(s)	Forecasting ; Technology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208424-7
ISSN	1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
ISSN (online)	1534-6080
ISSN	0041-1337
DOI	10.1097/TP.0000000000004496
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Article ; Online: Obesity and Associated Outcomes for Blunt vs Penetrating Mechanism in Trauma Laparotomy Patients.

Hodges, Zachary H / Bright, Michael / Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Neal, Daniel W / Vanzant, Erin L / Johnson-Mann, Crystal N / Taylor, Jessica E

The American surgeon

2024 , Page(s) 31348241241725

Abstract: Obesity in trauma patients is an established risk factor contributing to postoperative complications, but the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and trauma patient outcomes is not well-defined, especially when stratified by mechanism of injury. ... ...

Abstract	Obesity in trauma patients is an established risk factor contributing to postoperative complications, but the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and trauma patient outcomes is not well-defined, especially when stratified by mechanism of injury. We surveyed the trauma laparotomy registry at an academic level 1 trauma center over a 3-year period to identify mortality, injury severity score, and hospital length of stay (hLOS) outcome measures across BMI classes, with further stratification by mechanism of injury: blunt vs penetrating trauma. A total of 442 patients were included with mean age 44.6 (SD = 18.7) and mean BMI 28.55 (SD = 7.37). These were subdivided into blunt trauma (n = 313) and penetrating trauma (n = 129). Within the blunt trauma subgroup, the hLOS among patients who survived hospitalization significantly increased 9% for each successive BMI class (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	202465-2
ISSN	1555-9823 ; 0003-1348
ISSN (online)	1555-9823
ISSN	0003-1348
DOI	10.1177/00031348241241725
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Article ; Online: Obesity Associated With Increased Mortality and Hospital Length of Stay in Trauma Laparotomy Patients.

Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Neal, Daniel W / Johnson-Mann, Crystal N / Taylor, Jessica E

The American surgeon

2023 Volume 89, Issue 7, Page(s) 3306–3308

Abstract: Although obesity in trauma patients is accepted as a risk factor for postoperative complications, recent literature offers conflicting evidence regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) on mortality in trauma patients undergoing laparotomy. To ... ...

Abstract	Although obesity in trauma patients is accepted as a risk factor for postoperative complications, recent literature offers conflicting evidence regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) on mortality in trauma patients undergoing laparotomy. To address this question, we examined the patient population of a Level 1 Trauma Center during a 3-year period to compare mortality rates and other outcomes between BMI groups undergoing laparotomy. Through retrospective chart review of electronic medical records, with subsequent stratification of data based on BMI, we found that mortality, injury severity score, and hospital length of stay all increase significantly with each incremental increase in BMI class. From these data, we concluded that higher BMI class leads to greater morbidity and mortality in trauma patients undergoing laparotomy at this institution.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Laparotomy ; Length of Stay ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Body Mass Index ; Trauma Centers ; Injury Severity Score ; Hospitals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	202465-2
ISSN	1555-9823 ; 0003-1348
ISSN (online)	1555-9823
ISSN	0003-1348
DOI	10.1177/00031348231160850
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Article ; Online: Racial Disparity in Liver Transplantation Listing.

Warren, Curtis / Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Neal, Daniel / Andreoni, Kenneth / Sarosi, George / Zarrinpar, Ali

Journal of the American College of Surgeons

2021 Volume 232, Issue 4, Page(s) 526–534

Abstract: Background: Previous studies have demonstrated disparities in transplantation for women, non-Caucasians, the uninsured or publicly insured, and rural populations. We sought to correlate transplant center characteristics with patient access to the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previous studies have demonstrated disparities in transplantation for women, non-Caucasians, the uninsured or publicly insured, and rural populations. We sought to correlate transplant center characteristics with patient access to the waiting list and liver transplantation. We hypothesized that liver transplant centers vary greatly in providing equitable access to the waiting list and liver transplantation. Study design: Center-specific, adult, deceased-donor liver transplant and waitlist data for the years 2013 to 2018 were obtained from the United Network for Organ Sharing. Waitlist race/ethnicity distributions from liver transplant centers performing ≥ 250 transplants over this period (n = 109) were compared with those of their donor service area, as calculated from 5-year US Census Bureau estimates of 2017. Center-specific characteristics correlating with disparities were analyzed using a linear regression model with a log transformed outcome. Results: Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) are under-represented in liver transplant listing compared with center donation service area (88/109, 81%), whereas, non-Hispanic Whites are over-represented (65/109, 58%) (p < 0.0001). Hispanics were also under-represented on the waitlist at the majority of transplant centers (68/109, 62%) (p = 0.02). Although the racial/ethnic distribution of transplantation is more reflective of the waitlist, there is a higher than expected rate of transplantation for NHBs compared to the waitlist. Predictors of disparity in listing include percentage of transplant recipients at the center who had private insurance, racial composition of the donation service area, and the distance recipients had to travel for transplant. Conclusions: Non-Hispanic Blacks are listed for liver transplantation less than would be expected. Once listed, however, racial disparities in transplantation are greatly diminished. Improvements in access to adequate health insurance appear to be essential to diminishing disparities in access to this life-saving care.
MeSH term(s)	African Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Educational Status ; End Stage Liver Disease/diagnosis ; End Stage Liver Disease/surgery ; European Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility/economics ; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data ; Healthcare Disparities/economics ; Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data ; Hispanic Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Insurance Coverage/statistics & numerical data ; Liver Transplantation/economics ; Liver Transplantation/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severity of Illness Index ; United States ; Waiting Lists
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1181115-8
ISSN	1879-1190 ; 1072-7515
ISSN (online)	1879-1190
ISSN	1072-7515
DOI	10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.12.021
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Article ; Online: The Curious Case of the Uterine Cyst.

Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Rush, Demaretta S / Moawad, Nash S

Journal of minimally invasive gynecology

2016 Volume 24, Issue 6, Page(s) 884–885

Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2186934-0
ISSN	1553-4669 ; 1553-4650
ISSN (online)	1553-4669
ISSN	1553-4650
DOI	10.1016/j.jmig.2016.11.017
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Article: Pre- and Post-Portosystemic Shunt Placement Metabolomics Reveal Molecular Signatures for the Development of Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Dantas Machado, Ana Carolina / Ramos, Stephany Flores / Gauglitz, Julia M / Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Petras, Daniel / Aksenov, Alexander A / Kim, Un Bi / Lazarowicz, Michael / Giustini, Abbey Barnard / Aryafar, Hamed / Vodkin, Irine / Warren, Curtis / Dorrestein, Pieter C / Zarrinpar, Ali / Zarrinpar, Amir

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2023

Abstract: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication of advanced liver disease causing brain dysfunction. This is likely due to the accumulation of unfiltered toxins within the bloodstream. A known risk factor for developing or worsening HE is the ... ...

Abstract	Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication of advanced liver disease causing brain dysfunction. This is likely due to the accumulation of unfiltered toxins within the bloodstream. A known risk factor for developing or worsening HE is the placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), which connects the pre-hepatic and post-hepatic circulation allowing some blood to bypass the dysfunctional liver and decreases portal hypertension. To better understand the pathophysiology of post-TIPS HE, we conducted a multi-center prospective cohort study employing metabolomic analyses on hepatic vein and peripheral vein blood samples from participants with cirrhosis undergoing elective TIPS placement, measuring chemical modifications and changes in concentrations of metabolites resulting from TIPS placement. In doing so, we identified numerous alterations in metabolites, including bile acids, glycerophosphocholines, and bilirubins possibly implicated in the development and severity of HE.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.01.02.22281374
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Article ; Online: Probing the chemical mechanism and critical regulatory amino acid residues of Drosophila melanogaster arylalkylamine N-acyltransferase like 2.

Dempsey, Daniel R / Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Ospina, Santiago Rodriguez / Merkler, David J

Insect biochemistry and molecular biology

2015 Volume 66, Page(s) 1–12

Abstract: Arylalkylamine N-acyltransferase like 2 (AANATL2) catalyzes the formation of N-acylarylalkylamides from the corresponding acyl-CoA and arylalkylamine. The N-acylation of biogenic amines in Drosophila melanogaster is a critical step for the inactivation ... ...

Abstract	Arylalkylamine N-acyltransferase like 2 (AANATL2) catalyzes the formation of N-acylarylalkylamides from the corresponding acyl-CoA and arylalkylamine. The N-acylation of biogenic amines in Drosophila melanogaster is a critical step for the inactivation of neurotransmitters, cuticle sclerotization, and melatonin biosynthesis. In addition, D. melanogaster has been used as a model system to evaluate the biosynthesis of fatty acid amides: a family of potent cell signaling lipids. We have previously showed that AANATL2 catalyzes the formation of N-acylarylakylamides, including long-chain N-acylserotonins and N-acyldopamines. Herein, we define the kinetic mechanism for AANATL2 as an ordered sequential mechanism with acetyl-CoA binding first followed by tyramine to generate the ternary complex prior to catalysis. Bell shaped kcat,app - acetyl-CoA and (kcat/Km)app - acetyl-CoA pH-rate profiles identified two apparent pKa,app values of ∼7.4 and ∼8.9 that are critical to catalysis, suggesting the AANATL2-catalyzed formation of N-acetyltyramine occurs through an acid/base chemical mechanism. Site-directed mutagenesis of a conserved glutamate that corresponds to the catalytic base for other D. melanogaster AANATL enzymes did not produce a substantial depression in the kcat,app value nor did it abolish the pKa,app value attributed to the general base in catalysis (pKa ∼7.4). These data suggest that AANATL2 catalyzes the formation of N-acylarylalkylamides using either different catalytic residues or a different chemical mechanism relative to other D. melanogaster AANATL enzymes. In addition, we constructed other site-directed mutants of AANATL2 to help define the role of targeted amino acids in substrate binding and/or enzyme catalysis.
MeSH term(s)	Acetyl Coenzyme A/metabolism ; Acyltransferases/metabolism ; Amino Acids/chemistry ; Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Catalysis ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/enzymology ; Kinetics ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Tyramine/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Amino Acids ; Drosophila Proteins ; Acetyl Coenzyme A (72-89-9) ; Acyltransferases (EC 2.3.-) ; AANATL2 protein, Drosophila (EC 2.3.1.-) ; Tyramine (X8ZC7V0OX3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1483248-3
ISSN	1879-0240 ; 0965-1748
ISSN (online)	1879-0240
ISSN	0965-1748
DOI	10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.10.003
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Article: A Comparison of Pathophysiology in Humans and Rodent Models of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Leclerc, Jenna L / Garcia, Joshua M / Diller, Matthew A / Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Kamat, Pradip K / Hoh, Brian L / Doré, Sylvain

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

2018 Volume 11, Page(s) 71

Abstract: Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) affects an estimated 30,000 people each year in the United States, with an overall mortality of ~30%. Most cases of SAH result from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm, require long hospital stays, and result in ... ...

Abstract	Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) affects an estimated 30,000 people each year in the United States, with an overall mortality of ~30%. Most cases of SAH result from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm, require long hospital stays, and result in significant disability and high fatality. Early brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral vasospasm (CV) have been implicated as leading causes of morbidity and mortality in these patients, necessitating intense focus on developing preclinical animal models that replicate clinical SAH complete with delayed CV. Despite the variety of animal models currently available, translation of findings from rodent models to clinical trials has proven especially difficult. While the explanation for this lack of translation is unclear, possibilities include the lack of standardized practices and poor replication of human pathophysiology, such as delayed cerebral vasospasm and ischemia, in rodent models of SAH. In this review, we summarize the different approaches to simulating SAH in rodents, in particular elucidating the key pathophysiology of the various methods and models. Ultimately, we suggest the development of standardized model of rodent SAH that better replicates human pathophysiology for moving forward with translational research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2452967-9
ISSN	1662-5099
ISSN	1662-5099
DOI	10.3389/fnmol.2018.00071
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Article ; Online: Gender Diversity in General Surgery Residency Leadership.

Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Tan, Sanda A / Costopoulos, Kelly / Cooper, Lou Ann / Sarosi, George A / Shaw, Christiana M

Journal of surgical education

2018 Volume 75, Issue 6, Page(s) e68–e71

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the proportion and characteristics of women who serve in general surgery program director (PD) and associate program director (APD) positions in the United States.: Design: General surgery programs (n = 276) ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the proportion and characteristics of women who serve in general surgery program director (PD) and associate program director (APD) positions in the United States. Design: General surgery programs (n = 276) and directors were identified using the Association for Program Directors in Surgery website; information was cross-referenced with American Medical Association FREIDA and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education databases, current to July 1, 2017. Each program's website was accessed to determine the gender and academic ranking of faculty. Results: Results reveal a preponderance of men in PD and APD positions. Women accounted for 18.4% (n = 51) of the 276 PD positions, with more women in APD positions (29.6%). There was no correlation between gender of PD and the corresponding APD, (χ2 = 0.68, p = 0.41; Phi coefficient = -0.0695). Of those with academic appointments, men who were PDs were more likely to be full professors when compared to women PDs (38.5% vs 24.1%, respectively). The median number of days since appointment to PD was similar in both groups (1461 days for men vs 1377 for women, p = 0.18), although more men have held PD positions longer. Programs with a higher proportion of women faculty were more likely to have a woman PD (p = 0.0397), but not those with more women residents (p = 0.225) or a woman Department Chair (p = 0.56). Conclusions: Among general surgery program directorship, men continue to hold more positions of educational leadership, although the trend appears to be shifting toward a more equal balance, particularly in those programs with proportionately more women faculty. This discrepancy may be due to academic rank or length of tenure. As more women hold academic positions in the field of general surgery, an increase in the representation of this group in leadership is anticipated. Although senior leadership (PD) positions remain disproportionately held by men, APD positions are filled by a greater percentage of women than academic surgical faculty, although the absolute percentage remains less than 50%. Educational leadership may be a viable path to academic leadership for both women and men.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; General Surgery/education ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Leadership ; Male ; Physicians, Women/statistics & numerical data ; Sex Distribution ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2277538-9
ISSN	1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
ISSN (online)	1878-7452
ISSN	1931-7204
DOI	10.1016/j.jsurg.2018.07.021
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Article ; Online: Endoscopic Dilation of Bariatric RNY Anastomotic Strictures: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Baumann, Alexandra J / Mramba, Lazarus Katana / Hawkins, Russell B / Carpenter, Anne-Marie / Fleisher, Max S / Ayzengart, Alexander L / Estores, David S

Obesity surgery

2018 Volume 28, Issue 12, Page(s) 4053–4063

Abstract: Gastrojejunostomy anastomotic strictures are a complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery without an established treatment guideline. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the safety and efficacy of endoscopic dilation ... ...

Abstract	Gastrojejunostomy anastomotic strictures are a complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery without an established treatment guideline. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the safety and efficacy of endoscopic dilation in their management. PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central (1994-2017) were searched. Data was analyzed with random effects meta-analysis and mixed effects meta-regression. Twenty-one observational studies (896 patients) were included. The stricture rate for laparoscopic patients was 6% (95% CI, 5-9%). Only 38% (95% CI, 30-47%) required greater than one dilation. Symptom improvement occurred in 97% (95% CI, 94-98%). The complication rate was 4% (95% CI, 3-6%). Endoscopic dilation of GJA strictures is safe, effective, and sustaining. This study can guide endoscopists in the treatment of a common bariatric surgical complication.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Constriction, Pathologic/etiology ; Constriction, Pathologic/therapy ; Dilatation/methods ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods ; Gastric Bypass ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications/therapy ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	1070827-3
ISSN	1708-0428 ; 0960-8923
ISSN (online)	1708-0428
ISSN	0960-8923
DOI	10.1007/s11695-018-3491-6
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