Article ; Online: Ship Compliance in Emission Control Areas: Technology Costs and Policy Instruments.
Environmental science & technology
2015 Volume 49, Issue 16, Page(s) 9584–9591
Abstract: This paper explores whether a Panama Canal Authority pollution tax could be an effective economic instrument to achieve Emission Control Area (ECA)-like reductions in emissions from ships transiting the Panama Canal. This tariff-based policy action, ... ...
| Abstract | This paper explores whether a Panama Canal Authority pollution tax could be an effective economic instrument to achieve Emission Control Area (ECA)-like reductions in emissions from ships transiting the Panama Canal. This tariff-based policy action, whereby vessels in compliance with International Maritime Organisation (IMO) ECA standards pay a lower transit tariff than noncompliant vessels, could be a feasible alternative to petitioning for a Panamanian ECA through the IMO. A $4.06/container fuel tax could incentivize ECA-compliant emissions reductions for nearly two-thirds of Panama Canal container vessels, mainly through fuel switching; if the vessel(s) also operate in IMO-defined ECAs, exhaust-gas treatment technologies may be cost-effective. The RATES model presented here compares current abatement technologies based on hours of operation within an ECA, computing costs for a container vessel to comply with ECA standards in addition to computing the Canal tax that would reduce emissions in Panama. Retrofitted open-loop scrubbers are cost-effective only for vessels operating within an ECA for more than 4500 h annually. Fuel switching is the least-cost option to industry for vessels that operate mostly outside of ECA regions, whereas vessels operating entirely within an ECA region could reduce compliance cost with exhaust-gas treatment technology (scrubbers). |
|---|---|
| MeSH term(s) | Air Pollution ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Environmental Policy/economics ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Panama Canal Zone ; Ships ; Vehicle Emissions/analysis |
| Chemical Substances | Vehicle Emissions |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2015-08-18 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ISSN | 1520-5851 |
| ISSN (online) | 1520-5851 |
| DOI | 10.1021/acs.est.5b02151 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
More links
Kategorien
Order via subito
This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.
Inter-library loan at ZB MED
Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.