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  1. Article ; Online: Redefining the Role of Donor Biopsies in the Process of Kidney Graft Assessment.

    Carrara, Camillo / Ruggenenti, Piero / Remuzzi, Giuseppe

    Nephron

    2021  Volume 145, Issue 6, Page(s) 728–731

    MeSH term(s) Biopsy ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Tissue Donors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207121-6
    ISSN 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186 ; 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766
    ISSN (online) 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186
    ISSN 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766
    DOI 10.1159/000517730
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A view from the front line of the COVID-19 war.

    Carrara, Camillo / Cappelletti, Laura / Portalupi, Valentina

    Kidney international

    2020  Volume 98, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–11

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Humans ; Nephrology/trends ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; Tertiary Care Centers
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Case Report: Tackling Complement Hyperactivation With Eculizumab in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Triggered by COVID-19.

    Leone, Valentina Fanny / Imeraj, Amantia / Gastoldi, Sara / Mele, Caterina / Liguori, Lucia / Condemi, Carmelita / Ruggenenti, Piero / Remuzzi, Giuseppe / Carrara, Camillo

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 842473

    Abstract: Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare life-threatening disease of unrestrained complement system dysregulation, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure in genetically predisposed individuals. In this report, we ... ...

    Abstract Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare life-threatening disease of unrestrained complement system dysregulation, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure in genetically predisposed individuals. In this report, we describe two cases of SARS-CoV-2-associated HUS treated with eculizumab, a C5-blocking monoclonal antibody reported to be remarkably effective in the treatment of HUS. Detailed biochemical and genetic complement system analysis is reported, and the prompt clinical response after C5 pharmacological blockade is documented. Our report provides the rationale and supports the use of terminal complement pathway inhibition for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2-associated HUS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2022.842473
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A view from the front line of the COVID-19 war

    Carrara, Camillo / Cappelletti, Laura / Portalupi, Valentina

    Kidney International

    2020  Volume 98, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–11

    Keywords Nephrology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.018
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Immunophenotypic Alterations in Adult Patients with Steroid-Dependent and Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome.

    Casiraghi, Federica / Todeschini, Marta / Podestà, Manuel Alfredo / Mister, Marilena / Ruggiero, Barbara / Trillini, Matias / Carrara, Camillo / Diadei, Olimpia / Villa, Alessandro / Benigni, Ariela / Remuzzi, Giuseppe

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 9

    Abstract: Immune dysregulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of steroid-dependent/frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (SDNS/FRNS). However, in contrast with evidence from the pediatric series, no major B- or T-cell alterations have been described for ... ...

    Abstract Immune dysregulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of steroid-dependent/frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (SDNS/FRNS). However, in contrast with evidence from the pediatric series, no major B- or T-cell alterations have been described for adults. In these patients, treatment with rituximab allows safe discontinuation of steroids, but long-term efficacy is variable, and some patients experience NS relapses after B cell reconstitution. In this study, we aimed to determine disease-associated changes in the B and T cell phenotype of adult patients with SDND/FRNS after steroid-induced remission. We also investigated whether any of these changes in immune cell subsets could discriminate between patients who developed NS relapses after steroid-sparing treatment with rituximab from those who did not. Lymphocyte subsets in SDNS/FRNS patients (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Rituximab/therapeutic use ; Nephrotic Syndrome/drug therapy ; Nephrotic Syndrome/chemically induced ; Steroids/therapeutic use ; Immunophenotyping ; Recurrence ; Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Rituximab (4F4X42SYQ6) ; Steroids ; Immunosuppressive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms24097687
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Acute Kidney Injury and Hemolytic Anemia Secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection.

    Carrara, Camillo / Abbate, Mauro / Sabadini, Ettore / Remuzzi, Giuseppe

    Nephron

    2017  Volume 137, Issue 2, Page(s) 148–154

    Abstract: Glomerulonephritis as well as kidney injury secondary to fulminant intravascular hemolysis are rare extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. We describe a 50-year-old female diagnosed with M. pneumoniae infection-associated ... ...

    Abstract Glomerulonephritis as well as kidney injury secondary to fulminant intravascular hemolysis are rare extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. We describe a 50-year-old female diagnosed with M. pneumoniae infection-associated hemolytic anemia, characterized by negative cold agglutinin tests but with laboratory evidence of complement alternative pathway activation. The patient presented both with anemia and severe kidney failure and she was treated with steroids and red blood cell transfusions along with plasmapheresis. She also received a short course of antibiotics. Renal biopsy showed combined features of resolving postinfectious glomerulonephritis and hemolysis-associated extensive acute tubular injury characterized by renal hemosiderosis and intratubular hemoglobin casts. Electron microscopy revealed features of glomerular microangiopathic injury. The treatment led to complete disease remission and a favorable renal outcome at the first year follow-up.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207121-6
    ISSN 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186 ; 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766
    ISSN (online) 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186
    ISSN 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766
    DOI 10.1159/000478991
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Monitor Disease Progression: a prospective study in Patients with Primary Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis.

    Villa, Giulia / Daina, Erica / Brambilla, Paolo / Gamba, Sara / Leone, Valentina Fanny / Carrara, Camillo / Rizzo, Paola / Noris, Marina / Remuzzi, Giuseppe / Remuzzi, Andrea / Caroli, Anna

    Nephron

    2023  

    Abstract: Introduction: Primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a rare kidney disease with poor prognosis and no specific therapies. The disease heterogeneity and the difficulty of performing repeated kidney biopsies poses big challenges. This ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a rare kidney disease with poor prognosis and no specific therapies. The disease heterogeneity and the difficulty of performing repeated kidney biopsies poses big challenges. This study investigates the correlation between non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histologic and clinical findings in patients with primary MPGN.
    Methods: Patients with primary MPGN underwent baseline and 1-year kidney MRI in addition to biopsy and laboratory testing as part of a prospective MRI subproject of a clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03723512). Diffusion-weighted and phase-contrast MRI were used to investigate kidney diffusivity and perfusion. Peritubular interstitial volume and fibrosis were quantified on kidney biopsies.
    Results: Seven patients with primary MPGN (18[17-21] years, 43% females) were included. Kidney biopsies showed variable degree of global and segmental glomerular sclerosis ([5-30]% and [10-60]%), mild interstitial fibrosis (<10%), and increased peritubular interstitial volume ([19-40]%). MRI and laboratory parameters changed very differently from patient to patient over 1 year. Peritubular interstitial volume and glomerular sclerosis negatively associated with renal blood flow (RBF)(rho = -0.81 and -0.77), and positively with renal vascular resistance (RVR)(rho = 0.65 and 0.73). Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (uACR) negatively associated with RBF and filtration fraction (FF)(rho = -0.86 and -0.6), while positively with RVR (rho = 0.88). uACR decrease was associated with kidney diffusivity increase (rho = -0.5). Measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) positively associated with kidney diffusivity, RBF, and FF (rho = 0.87, 0.85 and 0.59), while negatively with RVR (rho = -0.89); GFR increase was associated with kidney diffusivity, RBF, and FF increase (rho = 0.77, 0.7, and 0.7) and RVR decrease (rho = -0.7).
    Discussion/conclusion: The strong correlation found between MRI and histologic and clinical findings, despite the rather limited number of patients, highlights MRI potential to monitor disease progression in patients with rare kidney disease.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207121-6
    ISSN 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186 ; 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766
    ISSN (online) 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186
    ISSN 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766
    DOI 10.1159/000534893
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Histological Examination of the Diabetic Kidney.

    Carrara, Camillo / Abbate, Mauro / Conti, Sara / Rottoli, Daniela / Rizzo, Paola / Marchetti, Gianfranco

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2019  Volume 2067, Page(s) 63–87

    Abstract: The increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide has led to a concomitant rise in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) as a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Glomerular lesions constitute the most striking and consistent features identified in biopsies ... ...

    Abstract The increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide has led to a concomitant rise in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) as a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Glomerular lesions constitute the most striking and consistent features identified in biopsies from patients with DKD, although tubulointerstitial injury has an important and often under-recognized role in the progression to overt nephropathy. In advanced stages of the disease, podocyte detachment is a pivotal event in the loss of glomerular filtration barrier integrity and may explain, at least in part, the inability of current therapies to halt renal function decline. This chapter details the systematic method that can be used to study renal tissue samples from diabetic patients, and the specific role of different imaging techniques, such as light microscopy, immunofluorescence microscopy, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy in detecting histologic lesions specific to DKD.
    MeSH term(s) Biopsy ; Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis ; Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology ; Disease Progression ; Histocytological Preparation Techniques/methods ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus/diagnostic imaging ; Kidney Glomerulus/pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/methods ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/methods ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/methods ; Staining and Labeling/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-9841-8_6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Versus Kidney Biopsy to Assess Response to Therapy in Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Report.

    Caroli, Anna / Remuzzi, Andrea / Ruggiero, Barbara / Carrara, Camillo / Rizzo, Paola / Brambilla, Paolo / Ruggenenti, Piero / Remuzzi, Giuseppe

    Kidney medicine

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) 804–809

    Abstract: In recent years, kidney functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has seen great advances, with several cross-sectional studies demonstrating correlations between MRI biomarkers and glomerular filtration rate. However, the potential of MRI to monitor ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, kidney functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has seen great advances, with several cross-sectional studies demonstrating correlations between MRI biomarkers and glomerular filtration rate. However, the potential of MRI to monitor response to therapy in kidney disease remains undescribed. In this case report, a man in his 40s with drug-resistant membranous nephropathy was addressed to ofatumumab therapy. He underwent kidney biopsy before and 2 years after treatment and repeat non-contrast-enhanced MRI of the kidney every 6 months. An age- and sex-matched healthy volunteer was included as a normal control. The patient showed a striking positive immunologic response to therapy. Repeat MRI of the kidney documented progressive kidney functional recovery, with a significant widespread increase in kidney diffusivity, assessed using diffusion-weighted imaging, paralleling the increase in glomerular filtration rate and regression of albuminuria. Renal blood flow and ultrafiltration coefficient, assessed using phase-contrast MRI, significantly increased, suggesting an increase in filtration fraction. This case report provides the first clinical evidence in support of MRI of the kidney as a tool to noninvasively monitor pathophysiologic changes occurring in response to treatment. Although kidney biopsy remains critical for diagnosis, functional MRI of the kidney has promise for monitoring disease progression and response to therapy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2590-0595
    ISSN (online) 2590-0595
    DOI 10.1016/j.xkme.2020.07.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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