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Article: Epigenetic Effects of Benzene in Hematologic Neoplasms: The Altered Gene Expression.

Spatari, Giovanna / Allegra, Alessandro / Carrieri, Mariella / Pioggia, Giovanni / Gangemi, Sebastiano

2021 Volume 13, Issue 10

Abstract: Benzene carcinogenic ability has been reported, and chronic exposure to benzene can be one of the risk elements for solid cancers and hematological neoplasms. Benzene is acknowledged as a myelotoxin, and it is able to augment the risk for the onset of ... ...

Abstract	Benzene carcinogenic ability has been reported, and chronic exposure to benzene can be one of the risk elements for solid cancers and hematological neoplasms. Benzene is acknowledged as a myelotoxin, and it is able to augment the risk for the onset of acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, aplastic anemia, and lymphomas. Possible mechanisms of benzene initiation of hematological tumors have been identified, as a genotoxic effect, an action on oxidative stress and inflammation and the provocation of immunosuppression. However, it is becoming evident that genetic alterations and the other causes are insufficient to fully justify several phenomena that influence the onset of hematologic malignancies. Acquired epigenetic alterations may participate with benzene leukemogenesis, as benzene may affect nuclear receptors, and provoke post-translational alterations at the protein level, thereby touching the function of regulatory proteins, comprising oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins. DNA hypomethylation correlates with stimulation of oncogenes, while the hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoter regions of specific tumor suppressor genes inhibits their transcription and stimulates the onset of tumors. The discovery of the systems of epigenetic induction of benzene-caused hematological tumors has allowed the possibility to operate with pharmacological interventions able of stopping or overturning the negative effects of benzene.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers13102392
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Article ; Online: Characterization of Silica Exposure during Manufacturing of Artificial Stone Countertops.

Carrieri, Mariella / Guzzardo, Carly / Farcas, Daniel / Cena, Lorenzo G

International journal of environmental research and public health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 12

Abstract: Artificial stone is increasing in popularity in construction applications, including commercial and residential countertops. Eco-friendliness, durability, and resistance to staining, make artificial stone attractive to consumers. Health concerns have ... ...

Abstract	Artificial stone is increasing in popularity in construction applications, including commercial and residential countertops. Eco-friendliness, durability, and resistance to staining, make artificial stone attractive to consumers. Health concerns have arisen during manufacturing of artificial stone due to increased incidence of silicosis after relatively short exposure. Three artificial stone samples (A, B, and C) and one natural granite sample were subjected to cutting and grinding in a controlled environment. Gravimetric analysis, X-Ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy were employed to determine crystalline silica concentrations and particle morphology of bulk and respirable particles. Silica content of bulk dust from artificial samples A and B was 91%, sample C was <10%, while granite was 31%. Silica percent in the respirable fraction for samples A and B was 53% and 54%, respectively, while sample C was <5% and granite was 8%. Number concentrations for samples A and B were mainly in the nano-fraction, indicating potential for translocation of silica particles to other organs outside of the lungs. Respirable dust concentrations inside the chamber were well above Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards for all materials, indicating that confined-space exposures require ventilation to lower risks of acute silicosis regardless of the nature of the stone.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants, Occupational/toxicity ; Dust ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure ; Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities ; Occupational Exposure ; Silicon Dioxide/toxicity ; Silicosis/epidemiology ; Ventilation
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Dust ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph17124489
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Article ; Online: Occupational exposure to crystalline silica in artificial stone processing.

Salamon, Fabiola / Martinelli, Andrea / Vianello, Liviano / Bizzotto, Rosana / Gottardo, Ottorino / Guarnieri, Gabriella / Franceschi, Antonia / Porru, Stefano / Cena, Lorenzo / Carrieri, Mariella

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

2021 Volume 18, Issue 12, Page(s) 547–554

Abstract: Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS) is a hazardous substance with known effects that can be well correlated with exposure levels that still persist in many traditional sectors, such as construction or stone processing. In the past decade, exposure ... ...

Abstract	Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS) is a hazardous substance with known effects that can be well correlated with exposure levels that still persist in many traditional sectors, such as construction or stone processing. In the past decade, exposure scenarios for RCS have been found in the sector of artificial stone processing. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of RCS in facilities specialized in the production of artificial stone countertops and other accessories for the furnishing of kitchens, bathrooms, and offices after the introduction of some preventive technical measures such as wet processing or local exhaust ventilation systems. The study involved 51 subjects in four facilities. Personal silica exposure assessment was carried out using GS3 cyclones positioned in the breathing zone during the work shift. Quantitative determination of silica was carried out by X-ray diffraction analysis. Respirable dust levels were in the range 0.046-1.154 mg/m
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Dust/analysis ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure/analysis ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Silicon Dioxide/analysis
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Dust ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2131820-7
ISSN	1545-9632 ; 1545-9624
ISSN (online)	1545-9632
ISSN	1545-9624
DOI	10.1080/15459624.2021.1990303
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Article ; Online: Effect of Benzene Exposure on the Urinary Biomarkers of Nucleic Acid Oxidation in Two Cohorts of Gasoline Pump Attendants.

Carrieri, Mariella / Pigini, Daniela / Martinelli, Andrea / Paci, Enrico / Maratini, Federica / Salamon, Fabiola / Tranfo, Giovanna

International journal of environmental research and public health

2019 Volume 16, Issue 1

Abstract: 1) Background: The oxidized guanine derivatives excreted into urine, products of DNA and RNA oxidation and repair, are used as biomarkers of oxidative damage in humans. This study aims to evaluate oxidative damage in gasoline pump attendants ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: The oxidized guanine derivatives excreted into urine, products of DNA and RNA oxidation and repair, are used as biomarkers of oxidative damage in humans. This study aims to evaluate oxidative damage in gasoline pump attendants occupationally exposed to benzene. Benzene is contained in the gasoline but it is also produced from traffic and from smoking. (2) Methods: Twenty-nine gasoline pump attendants from two major cities of Saudi Arabia and 102 from Italy were studied for urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo), and S-phenyl-mercapturic acid (SPMA) for benzene exposure and urinary cotinine for smoking status assessment by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Airborne benzene was also assessed in the Italian group by gas-chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). (3) Results: The results suggest that high levels of benzene exposure can cause an accumulation of SPMA and bring about the formation of the oxidation biomarkers studied to saturation. At low exposure levels, SPMA and oxidation biomarker levels were correlated among them and were associated with the smoking habit. (4) Conclusions: The study confirms the association between benzene exposure and the excretion of nucleic acid oxidation biomarkers and enhances the importance of measuring the smoking habit, as it can significantly influence oxidative damage, especially when the exposure levels are low.
MeSH term(s)	Acetylcysteine/analogs & derivatives ; Acetylcysteine/urine ; Benzene/chemistry ; Benzene/toxicity ; Biomarkers/urine ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cohort Studies ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Gasoline/analysis ; Gasoline/toxicity ; Humans ; Italy ; Male ; Nucleic Acids/chemistry ; Nucleic Acids/metabolism ; Occupational Exposure ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Saudi Arabia
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Gasoline ; Nucleic Acids ; S-phenyl-N-acetylcysteine (4775-80-8) ; Benzene (J64922108F) ; Acetylcysteine (WYQ7N0BPYC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph16010129
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Article ; Online: Occupational Exposure to Halogenated Anaesthetic Gases in Hospitals: A Systematic Review of Methods and Techniques to Assess Air Concentration Levels.

Keller, Marta / Cattaneo, Andrea / Spinazzè, Andrea / Carrozzo, Letizia / Campagnolo, Davide / Rovelli, Sabrina / Borghi, Francesca / Fanti, Giacomo / Fustinoni, Silvia / Carrieri, Mariella / Moretto, Angelo / Cavallo, Domenico Maria

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 20, Issue 1

Abstract: Objective During the induction of gaseous anaesthesia, waste anaesthetic gases (WAGs) can be released into workplace air. Occupational exposure to high levels of halogenated WAGs may lead to adverse health effects; hence, it is important to measure WAGs ... ...

Abstract	Objective During the induction of gaseous anaesthesia, waste anaesthetic gases (WAGs) can be released into workplace air. Occupational exposure to high levels of halogenated WAGs may lead to adverse health effects; hence, it is important to measure WAGs concentration levels to perform risk assessment and for health protection purposes. Methods A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted on two different scientific databases (Scopus and PubMed). A total of 101 studies, focused on sevoflurane, desflurane and isoflurane exposures in hospitals, were included in this review. Key information was extracted to provide (1) a description of the study designs (e.g., monitoring methods, investigated occupational settings, anaesthetic gases in use); (2) an evaluation of time trends in the measured concentrations of considered WAGs; (3) a critical evaluation of the sampling strategies, monitoring methods and instruments used. Results Environmental monitoring was prevalent (68%) and mainly used for occupational exposure assessment during adult anaesthesia (84% of cases). Real-time techniques such as photoacoustic spectroscopy and infrared spectrophotometry were used in 58% of the studies, while off-line approaches such as active or passive sampling followed by GC-MS analysis were used less frequently (39%). Conclusions The combination of different instrumental techniques allowing the collection of data with different time resolutions was quite scarce (3%) despite the fact that this would give the opportunity to obtain reliable data for testing the compliance with 8 h occupational exposure limit values and at the same time to evaluate short-term exposures.
MeSH term(s)	Anesthetics, Inhalation/adverse effects ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Operating Rooms ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects ; Hospitals
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Air Pollutants, Occupational
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20010514
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Article ; Online: Occupational Exposure to Flour Dust. Exposure Assessment and Effectiveness of Control Measures.

Martinelli, Andrea / Salamon, Fabiola / Scapellato, Maria Luisa / Trevisan, Andrea / Vianello, Liviano / Bizzotto, Rosana / Crivellaro, Maria Angiola / Carrieri, Mariella

International journal of environmental research and public health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 14

Abstract: The adverse effects associated with exposure to flour dust have been known since the 1700s. The aim of the study was to assess the occupational exposure to flour dust in Italian facilities, identify the activities characterized by the highest exposure, ... ...

Abstract	The adverse effects associated with exposure to flour dust have been known since the 1700s. The aim of the study was to assess the occupational exposure to flour dust in Italian facilities, identify the activities characterized by the highest exposure, and provide information to reduce workers' exposure. The study was performed in different facilities such as flourmills (
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants, Occupational/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Dust/analysis ; Flour/analysis ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure/analysis ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Occupational Health
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Dust
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph17145182
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Article ; Online: Biological Monitoring of Metal Ions Released from Hip Prostheses.

Nicolli, Annamaria / Trevisan, Andrea / Bortoletti, Isabella / Pozzuoli, Assunta / Ruggieri, Pietro / Martinelli, Andrea / Gambalunga, Alberto / Carrieri, Mariella

International journal of environmental research and public health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 9

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of As, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl, V, and Zn, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the urine of two groups of patients with two different types of metal-on-metal ( ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of As, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl, V, and Zn, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the urine of two groups of patients with two different types of metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip prostheses (ASR DePuy
MeSH term(s)	Biological Monitoring ; Environmental Monitoring ; Female ; Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects ; Humans ; Ions/blood ; Ions/urine ; Italy ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metals/blood ; Metals/urine ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Ions ; Metals
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph17093223
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Article ; Online: Possible role of n-hexane as an endocrine disruptor in occupationally exposed women at reproductive age.

Ruiz-García, Liliana / Figueroa-Vega, Nicté / Malacara, Juan M / Barrón-Vivanco, Briscia / Salamon, Fabiola / Carrieri, Mariella / Jiménez-Garza, Octavio

Toxicology letters

2020 Volume 330, Page(s) 73–79

Abstract: Human exposure to n-hexane has been associated with subfertility and, experimentally, with a decrease in follicular development. In order to assess occupational exposure to n-hexane on ovarian function and gonadotropic hormones, we studied Mexican women ... ...

Abstract	Human exposure to n-hexane has been associated with subfertility and, experimentally, with a decrease in follicular development. In order to assess occupational exposure to n-hexane on ovarian function and gonadotropic hormones, we studied Mexican women labouring in a leather shoe factory (n = 34). Individual environmental levels for seven solvents, n-hexane included, were measured; also, urinary 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD) was determined. For ovarian function and hormonal status, FSH, LH, oestradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were determined. We performed all determinations also in a reference group, administrative workers with no exposure to solvents (n = 32). Results: N-hexane and urinary 2,5-HD levels were higher in exposed group (p < 0.001). More cases of oligomenorrhea as well as longer time for getting pregnant were observed in exposed women compared with controls; a positive association was found between menstrual cycle length and "time for getting pregnant" (p = 0.010); significant associations between FSH serum levels and 2,5-HD urinary levels (post-shift sample) were observed in non-smokers participants presenting oligomenorrhea from exposed group. Also, we found a trend for lower oestradiol levels in exposed participants with current smoking habit (p = 0.059). Conclusions: 2,5-HD urinary levels are associated with decreased gonadotropins levels; hence, n-hexane should be considered an endocrine disruptor in reproductive-age women.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	433788-8
ISSN	1879-3169 ; 0378-4274
ISSN (online)	1879-3169
ISSN	0378-4274
DOI	10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.04.022
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Article ; Online: COVID-19

Spinazzè, Andrea / Carrieri, Mariella / Borghi, Francesca / Martinelli, Andrea / Cattaneo, Andrea / Cavallo, Domenico M.

tutela della salute dei lavoratori

2020

Abstract: Il numero di persone contagiate SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus 2), ovvero il virus che causa la sindrome da coronavirus (COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019) ha raggiunto la dimensione di una pandemia (ad oggi il numero ... ...

Abstract	Il numero di persone contagiate SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus 2), ovvero il virus che causa la sindrome da coronavirus (COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019) ha raggiunto la dimensione di una pandemia (ad oggi il numero globale di casi confermati di COVID-19 ha superato i 4 milioni di casi, e il numero di decessi attributi a COVID-19 ha superato i 300.000 casi). L’Italia è tra i paesi più colpiti al mondo in termini di numero di casi confermati di COVID-19 e di numero di decessi. Una così ampia diffusione di COVID-19 ha suscitato preoccupazione anche tra i lavoratori che si trovano ad affrontare il rischio di contagio durante l’esecuzione delle loro funzioni. Pertanto, riteniamo utile sottolineare la rilevanza delle competenze professionali nel campo dell’igiene del lavoro in questo contesto di emergenza, nel quale (i) le indicazioni fornite dagli organismi nazionali e internazionali, (ii) le evidenze disponibili nella letteratura scientifica e (iii) i provvedimenti normativi sono in costante e rapida evoluzione. In questo scenario è di fondamentale importanza un’efficace analisi e razionalizzazione di tutte queste informazioni, per fornire indicazioni essenziali ai soggetti che si occupano di salute e sicurezza sul lavoro e agli operatori di prevenzione nei luoghi di lavoro. A questo proposito, non solo è necessario un costante aggiornamento del quadro normativo, ma anche lo sviluppo e la diffusione di indicazioni e orientamenti operativi da fornire a tutte le parti interessate per tradurre le indicazioni generali in chiare procedure operative e strumenti di attuazione da adottare nei luoghi di lavoro. In particolare, riteniamo che le associazioni scientifiche attive nel campo dell’igiene occupazionale e della prevenzione sul lavoro debbano svolgere un ruolo cruciale nel guidare e assistere i professionisti della prevenzione, e che possono contribuire ad aiutare i datori di lavoro e i lavoratori a contenere e ritardare la diffusione di COVID-19 attraverso l’applicazione delle conoscenze e delle competenze che rappresentano e promuovono. Al momento, la sfida è quella di produrre conoscenze scientificamente valide, strumenti adeguati e metodologie efficaci, coordinando le iniziative di diverse associazioni scientifiche, con l’obiettivo finale di trasferirle efficacemente a datori di lavoro e lavoratori.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; occupational health ; occupational hygiene ; workers’ health ; covid19
Publishing country	it
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Levels of Urinary Biomarkers of Oxidatively Generated Damage to DNA and RNA in Different Groups of Workers Compared to General Population.

Tranfo, Giovanna / Paci, Enrico / Carrieri, Mariella / Marchetti, Enrico / Sisto, Renata / Gherardi, Monica / Costabile, Francesca / Bauleo, Lisa / Ancona, Carla / Pigini, Daniela

International journal of environmental research and public health

2019 Volume 16, Issue 16

Abstract: 1) ...

Abstract	(1)
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Biomarkers/urine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA Damage ; Female ; Gasoline ; Glass ; Guanosine/analogs & derivatives ; Guanosine/urine ; Humans ; Italy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Oxidative Stress ; RNA ; Saudi Arabia
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Gasoline ; fiberglass ; Guanosine (12133JR80S) ; 8-hydroxyguanosine (3868-31-3) ; RNA (63231-63-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph16162995
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