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Article ; Online: A new test of action verb naming: normative data from 290 Italian adults.

Papagno, Costanza / Casarotti, Alessandra / Zarino, Barbara / Crepaldi, Davide

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

2020 Volume 41, Issue 10, Page(s) 2811–2817

Abstract: Introduction: Verbs and nouns can be selectively impaired, suggesting that they are processed, at least in part, by distinct neural structures. While several tests of object naming are available, tasks involving action verb naming with normative data ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Verbs and nouns can be selectively impaired, suggesting that they are processed, at least in part, by distinct neural structures. While several tests of object naming are available, tasks involving action verb naming with normative data are lacking. We report the construction and standardization of a new test for the assessment of picture naming of actions. Material and methods: The test includes 50 stimuli, strictly controlled for several confounding variables. Normative data on 290 Italian subjects pooled across homogenous subgroups for age, sex, and education are reported. Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed that age and education significantly correlated with the subject's score. In particular, increasing age negatively affected performance, while the performance increased with a higher education. Conclusions: In the clinical practice, the availability of equivalent scores will help the comparison with performance in the picture naming of objects. This test allows investigating action naming deficits in aphasic patients, in Parkinson's disease patients and in further neurodegenerative disorders, in which a specific impairment of action verbs is expected, filling a gap in the clinical neuropsychological assessment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aphasia/diagnosis ; Humans ; Italy ; Language ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Parkinson Disease ; Semantics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-13
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2016546-8
ISSN	1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
ISSN (online)	1590-3478
ISSN	1590-1874
DOI	10.1007/s10072-020-04353-1
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Article ; Online: Deficits in naming pictures of objects are associated with glioma infiltration of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus: A study with diffusion MRI tractography, volumetric MRI, and neuropsychology.

Papagno, Costanza / Pascuzzo, Riccardo / Ferrante, Camilla / Casarotti, Alessandra / Riva, Marco / Antelmi, Luigi / Gennari, Antonio / Mattavelli, Giulia / Bizzi, Alberto

Human brain mapping

2023 Volume 44, Issue 10, Page(s) 4011–4027

Abstract: It has been suggested that the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) may play an important role in several aspects of language processing such as visual object recognition, visual memory, lexical retrieval, reading, and specifically, in naming visual ... ...

Abstract	It has been suggested that the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) may play an important role in several aspects of language processing such as visual object recognition, visual memory, lexical retrieval, reading, and specifically, in naming visual stimuli. In particular, the ILF appears to convey visual information from the occipital lobe to the anterior temporal lobe (ATL). However, direct evidence proving the essential role of the ILF in language and semantics remains limited and controversial. The first aim of this study was to prove that patients with a brain glioma damaging the left ILF would be selectively impaired in picture naming of objects; the second aim was to prove that patients with glioma infiltrating the ATL would not be impaired due to functional reorganization of the lexical retrieval network elicited by the tumor. We evaluated 48 right-handed patients with neuropsychological testing and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after surgery for resection of a glioma infiltrating aspects of the left temporal, occipital, and/or parietal lobes; diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was acquired preoperatively in all patients. Damage to the ILF, inferior frontal occipital fasciculus (IFOF), uncinate fasciculus (UF), arcuate fasciculus (AF), and associated cortical regions was assessed by means of preoperative tractography and pre-/pos-toperative MRI volumetry. The association of fascicles damage with patients' performance in picture naming and three additional cognitive tasks, namely, verbal fluency (two verbal non-visual tasks) and the Trail Making Test (a visual attentional task), was evaluated. Nine patients were impaired in the naming test before surgery. ILF damage was demonstrated with tractography in six (67%) of these patients. The odds of having an ILF damage was 6.35 (95% CI: 1.27-34.92) times higher among patients with naming deficit than among those without it. The ILF was the only fascicle to be significantly associated with naming deficit when all the fascicles were considered together, achieving an adjusted odds ratio of 15.73 (95% CI: 2.30-178.16, p = .010). Tumor infiltration of temporal and occipital cortices did not contribute to increase the odd of having a naming deficit. ILF damage was found to be selectively associated with picture naming deficit and not with lexical retrieval assessed by means of verbal fluency. Early after surgery, 29 patients were impaired in naming objects. The association of naming deficit with percentage of ILF resection (assessed by 3D-MRI) was confirmed (beta = -56.78 ± 20.34, p = .008) through a robust multiple linear regression model; no significant association was found with damage of IFOF, UF or AF. Crucially, postoperative neuropsychological evaluation showed that naming scores of patients with tumor infiltration of the anterior temporal cortex were not significantly associated with the percentage of ILF damage (rho = .180, p > .999), while such association was significant in patients without ATL infiltration (rho = -.556, p = .004). The ILF is selectively involved in picture naming of objects; however, the naming deficits are less severe in patients with glioma infiltration of the ATL probably due to release of an alternative route that may involve the posterior segment of the AF. The left ILF, connecting the extrastriatal visual cortex to the anterior region of the temporal lobe, is crucial for lexical retrieval on visual stimulus, such as in picture naming. However, when the ATL is also damaged, an alternative route is released and the performance improves.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Neuropsychology ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Glioma/complications ; Glioma/diagnostic imaging ; Glioma/surgery ; Neural Pathways
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1197207-5
ISSN	1097-0193 ; 1065-9471
ISSN (online)	1097-0193
ISSN	1065-9471
DOI	10.1002/hbm.26325
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Article ; Online: The neural correlates of auditory-verbal short-term memory: a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping study on 103 patients after glioma removal.

Pisoni, Alberto / Mattavelli, Giulia / Casarotti, Alessandra / Comi, Alessandro / Riva, Marco / Bello, Lorenzo / Papagno, Costanza

Brain structure & function

2019 Volume 224, Issue 6, Page(s) 2199–2211

Abstract: The relationship between verbal-auditory short-term memory (STM) and language is an open area of debate and contrasting hypotheses have been proposed, suggesting either that STM would strongly rely on language-related processes, or that it depends on a ... ...

Abstract	The relationship between verbal-auditory short-term memory (STM) and language is an open area of debate and contrasting hypotheses have been proposed, suggesting either that STM would strongly rely on language-related processes, or that it depends on a dedicated system related to language, but independent from it. In this study we examined 103 patients undergoing surgery for glioma resection in the left or right hemisphere, and we conducted a VLSM analysis on their behavioral performance on auditory-verbal STM, as well as on more general verbal and nonverbal tasks. The aim was to investigate whether the anatomical correlates of auditory-verbal STM were part of the language system or they were spatially segregated from it. VLSM results showed that digit span scores were linked to lesions in both the left supramarginal gyrus and superior-posterior temporal areas, as reported in the literature on patients with a selective deficit of auditory-verbal STM. Conversely, other verbal tasks involved areas only partly overlapping with those found for digit span, with repetition being affected by lesions in more anterior regions in the parietal, temporal, and frontal lobes, and word comprehension by lesions in a network including cortical and subcortical pathways in the temporal lobe. The present results, thus, show that auditory-verbal STM neural correlates are only partially overlapping with those supporting comprehension and production: while the left posterior-superior temporal cortex, involved in speech perception, takes part in both functions, the left supramarginal gyrus has a consistent and specific role only in STM, supporting the hypothesis of interacting but segregated networks.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiopathology ; Functional Laterality/physiology ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Parietal Lobe/physiopathology ; Speech Perception/physiology ; Temporal Lobe/physiopathology ; Temporal Lobe/surgery ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2273162-3
ISSN	1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
ISSN (online)	1863-2661
ISSN	1863-2653
DOI	10.1007/s00429-019-01902-z
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Article ; Online: Object-action dissociation: A voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping study on 102 patients after glioma removal.

Pisoni, Alberto / Mattavelli, Giulia / Casarotti, Alessandra / Comi, Alessandro / Riva, Marco / Bello, Lorenzo / Papagno, Costanza

NeuroImage. Clinical

2018 Volume 18, Page(s) 986–995

Abstract: Data concerning the neural basis of noun and verb processing are inconsistent. Some authors assume that action-verb processing is based on frontal areas while nouns processing relies on temporal regions; others argue that the circuits processing verbs ... ...

Abstract	Data concerning the neural basis of noun and verb processing are inconsistent. Some authors assume that action-verb processing is based on frontal areas while nouns processing relies on temporal regions; others argue that the circuits processing verbs and nouns are closely interconnected in a predominantly left-lateralized fronto-temporal-parietal network; yet, other researchers consider that the primary motor cortex plays a crucial role in processing action verbs. In the present study, one hundred and two patients with a tumour either in the right or left hemisphere were submitted to picture naming of objects and actions before and after surgery. To test the effect of specific brain regions in object and action naming, patients' lesions were mapped and voxel-lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) was computed. Behavioural results showed that left-brain damaged patients were significantly more impaired than right brain-damaged patients. The VLSM showed that these two grammatical classes are segregated in the left hemisphere. In particular, scores in naming of objects correlated with damage to the anterior temporal region, while scores in naming of actions correlated with lesions in the parietal areas and in the posterior temporal cortex. In addition, VLSM analyses carried out on non-linguistic tasks were not significant, confirming that the regions associated with deficits in object and action naming were not generally engaged in all cognitive tasks. Finally, the involvement of subcortical pathways was investigated and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus proved to play a role in object naming, while no specific bundle was identified for actions.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/surgery ; Brain Injuries/pathology ; Brain Injuries/surgery ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Functional Laterality/physiology ; Glioma/pathology ; Glioma/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Net/pathology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2701571-3
ISSN	2213-1582 ; 2213-1582
ISSN (online)	2213-1582
ISSN	2213-1582
DOI	10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.022
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Article ; Online: Brain and Music: An Intraoperative Stimulation Mapping Study of a Professional Opera Singer.

Riva, Marco / Casarotti, Alessandra / Comi, Alessandro / Pessina, Federico / Bello, Lorenzo

World neurosurgery

2016 Volume 93, Page(s) 486.e13–8

Abstract: Background: Music is one of the most sophisticated and fascinating functions of the brain. Yet, how music is instantiated within the brain is not fully characterized. Singing is a peculiar aspect of music, in which both musical and linguistic skills are ...

Abstract	Background: Music is one of the most sophisticated and fascinating functions of the brain. Yet, how music is instantiated within the brain is not fully characterized. Singing is a peculiar aspect of music, in which both musical and linguistic skills are required to provide a merged vocal output. Identifying the neural correlates of this process is relevant for both clinical and research purposes. Case description: An adult white man with a presumed left temporal glioma was studied. He is a professional opera singer. A tailored music evaluation, the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia, was performed preoperatively and postoperatively, with long-term follow-up. Intraoperative stimulation mapping (ISM) with awake surgery with a specific music evaluation battery was used to identify and preserve the cortical and subcortical structures subserving music, along with standard motor-sensory and language mapping. A total resection of a grade I glioma was achieved. The Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia reported an improvement in musical scores after the surgery. ISM consistently elicited several types of errors in the superior temporal gyrus and, to a lesser extent, in the inferior frontal operculum. Most errors occurred during score reading; fewer errors were elicited during the assessment of rhythm. No spontaneous errors were recorded. These areas did not overlap with eloquent sites for counting or naming. Conclusions: ISM and a tailored music battery enabled better characterization of a specific network within the brain subserving score reading independently from speech with long-term clinical impact.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Brain Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology ; Cerebral Cortex/surgery ; Glioma/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Music ; Nerve Net/physiopathology ; Singing ; Speech
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2016.06.130
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Article ; Online: A new standardization of semantic verbal fluency test.

Zarino, Barbara / Crespi, Marta / Launi, Michela / Casarotti, Alessandra

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

2014 Volume 35, Issue 9, Page(s) 1405–1411

Abstract: Semantic verbal fluency test is frequently used in clinical practice to assess lexical retrieval and production in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Semantic category is a crucial variable to consider in patients with language disorders. Norms for ... ...

Abstract	Semantic verbal fluency test is frequently used in clinical practice to assess lexical retrieval and production in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Semantic category is a crucial variable to consider in patients with language disorders. Norms for this task were collected from a population of 290 Italian healthy participants with age ranging from 18 to 98 years. The aim was to provide normative data both for the global score and for each semantic category (animals, fruits, brands of cars). Multiple regression analysis revealed that age and education significantly correlated with the global score and with single semantic categories. In particular, increasing age negatively affected performance, whereas the performance increased with a higher education. Statistically significant differences between men and women were found only for brands of cars. The availability of equivalent scores for the single semantic categories will prove useful in clinical practice since it allows the comparison of single semantic categories in patients with language disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Italy ; Language Tests/standards ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reference Values ; Semantics ; Verbal Behavior/physiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-06
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2016546-8
ISSN	1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
ISSN (online)	1590-3478
ISSN	1590-1874
DOI	10.1007/s10072-014-1729-1
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Article ; Online: Modified Taylor Complex Figure: normative data from 290 adults.

Casarotti, Alessandra / Papagno, Costanza / Zarino, Barbara

Journal of neuropsychology

2014 Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 186–198

Abstract: Data for copying and delayed recall (after a 15-min delay) of the Modified Taylor Complex Figure (MTCF), an alternative form of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF), were collected from 290 healthy participants. Normative data are provided. Age and ... ...

Abstract	Data for copying and delayed recall (after a 15-min delay) of the Modified Taylor Complex Figure (MTCF), an alternative form of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF), were collected from 290 healthy participants. Normative data are provided. Age and education were significantly correlated with MTCF scores and must be corrected for to interpret results accurately. More specifically, increasing age adversely affected performance, whereas a higher education resulted in a better performance. Twenty-five participants were tested with both complex figures (MTCF and ROCF) in two separate sessions to assess correlation, which proved to be high. The collected data allow using the MTCF as a valid alternative material for testing visual long-term memory avoiding implicit learning that can occur when the same version of the ROCF is used for repeated testing sessions.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory Disorders/diagnosis ; Mental Recall/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests/standards ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Photic Stimulation ; Reference Standards ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2380753-2
ISSN	1748-6653 ; 1748-6645
ISSN (online)	1748-6653
ISSN	1748-6645
DOI	10.1111/jnp.12019
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Article: Role of 11C Methionine Positron Emission Tomography (11CMETPET) for Surgery and Radiation Therapy Planning in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients Enrolled into a Phase II Clinical Study.

Pessina, Federico / Navarria, Pierina / Clerici, Elena / Bellu, Luisa / Franzini, Andrea / Milani, Davide / Simonelli, Matteo / Persico, Pasquale / Politi, Letterio S / Casarotti, Alessandra / Fernandes, Bethania / Olei, Simone / Sollini, Martina / Chiti, Arturo / Scorsetti, Marta

Journal of clinical medicine

2021 Volume 10, Issue 11

Abstract: 1) Background: We investigated the role of [11C]-methionine PET in a cohort of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients to evaluate whether it could modify the extent of surgical resection and improve radiation therapy volume delineation. ( ...

Abstract	(1) Background: We investigated the role of [11C]-methionine PET in a cohort of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients to evaluate whether it could modify the extent of surgical resection and improve radiation therapy volume delineation. (2) Methods: Newly diagnosed GBM patients, ages 18-70, with a Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) ≥ 70 with available MRI and [11C]-methionine PET were included. Patients were treated with different amounts of surgical resection followed by radio-chemotherapy. The role of [11C]-methionine PET in surgical and RT planning was analyzed. A threshold of SUVmax was searched. (3) Results: From August 2013 to April 2016, 93 patients were treated and included in this analysis. Residual tumor volume was detected in 63 cases on MRI and in 78 on [11C]-methionine PET, including 15 receiving gross total resection. The location of uptake was mainly observed in FLAIR abnormalities. [11C]-methionine uptake changed RT volume in 11% of patients. The presence of [11C]-methionine uptake in patients receiving GTR proved to influence survival (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm10112313
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Article ; Online: Re-irradiation for recurrent high grade glioma (HGG) patients: Results of a single arm prospective phase 2 study.

Navarria, Pierina / Pessina, Federico / Clerici, Elena / Bellu, Luisa / Franzese, Ciro / Franzini, Andrea / Simonelli, Matteo / Bello, Lorenzo / Santoro, Armando / Politi, Letterio Salvatore / D'agostino, Giuseppe Roberto / Casarotti, Alessandra / Fernandes, Bethania / Torri, Valter / Scorsetti, Marta

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

2021 Volume 167, Page(s) 89–96

Abstract: Background and purpose: Standard of care for recurrent high grade glioma (HGG) is missing. Several treatment options have been investigated including re-irradiation (re-RT). Results are promising but provided by retrospective studies. We designed a ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: Standard of care for recurrent high grade glioma (HGG) is missing. Several treatment options have been investigated including re-irradiation (re-RT). Results are promising but provided by retrospective studies. We designed a single arm prospective phase II study aiming to evaluate efficacy, and toxicity of re-irradiation. Materials and methods: Adults patients with good performance status, HGG diagnosis reclassified according to the new 2021 fifth edition WHO CNS classification, an interval time (IT) from previous RT ≥ 6 months were included. Outcome was evaluated by MRI imaging at 1 month, and every 3 months thereafter. Toxicities were evaluated in terms of radionecrosis occurrence, and neurocognitive status. Results: Ninety recurrent HGG patients were treated, 11 oligodendroglioma grade 3, 18 astrocytoma grade 3 and 4, and 61 glioblastoma grade 4. The median age was 54 years, and majority had KPS 90-100. The median IT between first-RT and re-RT was 24 months. Re-surgery has been performed in 56.6%, and chemotherapy in 53.3%. The median follow up time was 64 months; median overall survival (OS) time,1,2,3-year OS rates were 17 months (95%CI 14-19), 66.7%±4.9, 32.6%±5.0, and 22.2 ± 4.7. Prognostic factors impacting on survival were age (p = 0.0154), IT between first RT and re-RT (p = 0.0051), glioma grade (p = 0.0090), and IDH status (p = 0.0001). Radionecrosis grade 2-3 occurred in 9 (10%) patients; neurocognitive functions remained stable until disease progression. Conclusion: Re-RT proved to be a safe and feasible treatment option with low toxicity. Younger patients with grade 3 IDH mutated gliomas, and a longer IT had the better outcome. Trial registration number: NCT02567539.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Glioma/therapy ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prospective Studies ; Radiation Injuries ; Re-Irradiation/adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-22
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605646-5
ISSN	1879-0887 ; 0167-8140
ISSN (online)	1879-0887
ISSN	0167-8140
DOI	10.1016/j.radonc.2021.12.019
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Article ; Online: Patient-reported outcome and cognitive measures to be used in vascular and brain tumor surgery: proposal for a minimum set.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

2022 Volume 43, Issue 8, Page(s) 5143–5151

Abstract: Background: The standardization of outcome measures is needed for comparing studies and using common measures in clinical practice. We aimed to identify cognitive and patient-reported outcomes and timing of assessment for glioma, meningioma, and ... ...

Abstract	Background: The standardization of outcome measures is needed for comparing studies and using common measures in clinical practice. We aimed to identify cognitive and patient-reported outcomes and timing of assessment for glioma, meningioma, and vascular surgery. Method: A consensus study was conducted. Participants selected cognitive and patient-reported measures among a list of instruments identified through a literature search. Results: Seventeen cognitive tests for the glioma and meningioma's evaluation, 8 for the vascular diseases, and one questionnaire on quality of life and one on emotional distress were identified. The timing of outcome assessment selected was before surgery, at discharge, and after 3 and 12 months for glioma; before surgery and after 3 months for meningioma; before surgery, at discharge, and after 6 months for vascular diseases. Conclusion: The identification of common outcome measures is the first step toward a shared data collection improving the quality and comparability of future studies.
MeSH term(s)	Brain Neoplasms/surgery ; Cognition ; Glioma ; Humans ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; Meningioma/surgery ; Patient Reported Outcome Measures ; Quality of Life ; Vascular Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-02
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2016546-8
ISSN	1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
ISSN (online)	1590-3478
ISSN	1590-1874
DOI	10.1007/s10072-022-06162-0
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