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Article ; Online: Numerical study on the effects of groundwater table oscillation beneath the “Palazzaccio” courthouse in Rome

D’ Alessio Gorizia / Pucci Arianna / Guida Giulia / Casini Francesca

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 382, p

2023 Volume 17006

Abstract: This work aims to evaluate the settlement induced by the river Tiber groundwater table oscillations. A representative section of the subsoil beneath the courthouse “Palazzaccio”, close to the river in the city centre of Rome, is analysed via the finite ... ...

Abstract	This work aims to evaluate the settlement induced by the river Tiber groundwater table oscillations. A representative section of the subsoil beneath the courthouse “Palazzaccio”, close to the river in the city centre of Rome, is analysed via the finite element method with a fully coupled hydro-mechanicalmodel. The effects of wetting-drying cycles induced by the water table oscillation are accounted for by adopting the Barcelona Basic Model for the unsaturated layers, whose model parameters are calibrated using experimental results on saturated and unsaturated samples and literature data. The variation of the river Tiber level is reconstructed according to the “Tevere – Ripetta” hydrometric station records between 2005 and 2008, and it is applied as a boundary condition at the boundary of the model domain.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Probiotics and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Perspective for Management in Adolescents with Obesity.

Calcaterra, Valeria / Rossi, Virginia / Massini, Giulia / Casini, Francesca / Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo / Fabiano, Valentina

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 14

Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects a considerable percentage of females of reproductive age. PCOS is an obesity-related condition and its effects are greatly amplified by obesity. Even though the pathogenesis of PCOS remains complex and has not ... ...

Abstract	Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects a considerable percentage of females of reproductive age. PCOS is an obesity-related condition and its effects are greatly amplified by obesity. Even though the pathogenesis of PCOS remains complex and has not been fully elucidated, a link between obesity, PCOS, and dysbiosis has been described. The potential role of the gut microbiota in the development and progression of PCOS and its associated symptoms has also been reported. The aim of this narrative review is to present a non-systematic analysis of the available literature on the topic of probiotics and PCOS in adolescents with obesity in order to revise the beneficial effects of probiotics/symbiotic supplementation on hormonal and metabolic profiles and inflammatory conditions. The effectiveness of probiotics/synbiotics in PCOS has been supported. The literature suggests that probiotic/symbiotic supplementation may ameliorate hormonal profiles, inflammatory indicators, and lipid metabolism disturbances caused by PCOS. Studies also show improvements in weight, BMI, insulin, and HOMA-IR, including a potential role it plays in protecting fertility. Even though further studies are needed to confirm these findings, particularly in adolescent patients, probiotic supplementation may be considered a solution for managing PCOS in adolescents with obesity.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/therapy ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Pediatric Obesity/therapy ; Insulin ; Probiotics/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Insulin
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15143144
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Article ; Online: Use of transcriptomics for diagnosis of infections and sepsis in children: A narrative review.

Casini, Francesca / Valentino, Maria Sole / Lorenzo, Marc Garcia / Caiazzo, Roberta / Coppola, Crescenzo / David, Daniela / Di Tonno, Raffaella / Giacomet, Vania

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)

2024 Volume 113, Issue 4, Page(s) 670–676

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this review was to summarise the most recent evidence about the use of omics-based techniques as an instrument for a more rapid and accurate characterisation of respiratory tract infections, neurological infections and sepsis in ... ...

Abstract	Aim: The aim of this review was to summarise the most recent evidence about the use of omics-based techniques as an instrument for a more rapid and accurate characterisation of respiratory tract infections, neurological infections and sepsis in paediatrics. Methods: We performed a narrative review using PubMed and a set of inclusion criteria: English language articles, clinical trials, meta-analysis and reviews including only paediatric population inherited to this topic in the last 15 years. Results: The examined studies suggest that host gene expression signatures are an effective method to characterise the different types of infections, to distinguish infection from colonisation and, in some cases, to assess the severity of the disease in children. Conclusions: 'Omics-based techniques' may help to define the aetiology of infections in paediatrics, representing a useful tool to choose the most appropriate therapies and limit antibiotic resistance.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Sepsis/diagnosis ; Sepsis/genetics ; Sepsis/drug therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Language
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	203487-6
ISSN	1651-2227 ; 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
ISSN (online)	1651-2227
ISSN	0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
DOI	10.1111/apa.17119
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Article ; Online: Numerical modelling of the response of an unsaturated silty soil under wetting and gravitational loading processes

Rotisciani Giada M. / Lalicata Leonardo M. / Desideri Augusto / Casini Francesca

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 195, p

2020 Volume 02012

Abstract: This paper presents the results of a numerical study aiming at simulating the response of an unsaturated fine-grained soil under wetting and gravitational loading processes. This study is based on the results of some centrifuge tests carried out to ... ...

Abstract	This paper presents the results of a numerical study aiming at simulating the response of an unsaturated fine-grained soil under wetting and gravitational loading processes. This study is based on the results of some centrifuge tests carried out to assess the influence of partial saturation on the laterally loaded pile response. The hydro-mechanical behaviour of the silty soil is described using a constitutive model adapted to unsaturated conditions. The model predictions are compared with the measurements provided by LVDTs and laser transducers in the first phases of the experimental study. Besides validating the model, the numerical study aimed at investigating the influence of the after-compaction conditions on both the displacement field and the evolution of the more significant state variables during imbibition and gravitational loading processes. Finally, an additional analysis is conducted to determine the effects of the pile installation on the soil response.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Celiac crisis as the life-threatening onset of celiac disease in children: a case report.

Mauro, Angela / Casini, Francesca / Talenti, Antonella / Di Mari, Clelia / Benincaso, Anna Rita / Di Nardo, Giovanni / Bernardo, Luca

Frontiers in pediatrics

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 1163765

Abstract: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy caused by a permanent sensitivity to gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. In rare cases, CD may occur with a severe potential life-threatening manifestation known as a celiac crisis (CC). ... ...

Abstract	Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy caused by a permanent sensitivity to gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. In rare cases, CD may occur with a severe potential life-threatening manifestation known as a celiac crisis (CC). This may be a consequence of a delayed diagnosis and expose patients to possible fatal complications. We report the case of a 22-month-old child admitted to our hospital for a CC characterized by weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea associated with a malnutrition state. Early identification of symptoms of CC is essential to provide a prompt diagnosis and management.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2711999-3
ISSN	2296-2360
ISSN	2296-2360
DOI	10.3389/fped.2023.1163765
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Article ; Online: Physical modelling of piles under lateral loading in unsaturated soils

Lalicata Leonardo Maria / Rotisciani Giada Maria / Desideri Augusto / Casini Francesca / Thorel Luc

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 195, p

2020 Volume 01021

Abstract: In this paper, selected aspects of an experimental study conducted in a geotechnical centrifuge are discussed. The tests aimed to explore the effects of partial saturation of soil on the response of a single pile subjected to a combination of lateral ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, selected aspects of an experimental study conducted in a geotechnical centrifuge are discussed. The tests aimed to explore the effects of partial saturation of soil on the response of a single pile subjected to a combination of lateral force and bending moment under drained conditions. The soil used in the experiments is a low plasticity silty soil, named B-grade kaolin, characterized by a relatively high permeability compared to the typical values for clayey soils. Two different elevations of the water table and its effects on the pile response under loading are studied. The data show a marked influence of soil partial saturation on the pile response, both under working loads and ultimate loads. In particular, under working loads, the displacement of the head of the pile is appreciably lower than that measured under saturated conditions.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Infiltration-induced Slope Instability

Casini Francesca / Askarinejad Amin / Springman Sarah M.

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 9, p

a multi-scale approach

2016 Volume 04005

Abstract: Precipitation, together with erosion and earthquakes, have been recognized as the main triggering factors of shallow landslides. However, there are relatively few well-documented cases where direct relationships could be established between occurrence ... ...

Abstract	Precipitation, together with erosion and earthquakes, have been recognized as the main triggering factors of shallow landslides. However, there are relatively few well-documented cases where direct relationships could be established between occurrence and features of shallow landslides, the rainfall characteristics (e.g. intensity, duration) and water retention curves. A field experiment has been performed on a steep forested slope located on the east-facing banks of the river Rhine in Ruedlingen, northern Switzerland. The aim of the experiments was to study the triggering mechanisms of the landslides induced by rainfall. The pore pressure and the degree of saturation, which are linked through the water retention curve, represent two of the main variables affecting the mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils, and their relationships to rainfall are complex. The difference in the determination of water retention curves at different scales are analysed in this paper for Ruedlingen soil together with their effects on mechanical behaviour at multi-scale.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Henoch-Schönlein purpura following COVID-19 vaccine in a child: a case report.

Casini, Francesca / Magenes, Vittoria Carlotta / De Sanctis, Marina / Gattinara, Maurizio / Pandolfi, Marco / Cambiaghi, Stefano / Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo / Fabiano, Valentina

Italian journal of pediatrics

2022 Volume 48, Issue 1, Page(s) 158

Abstract: Background: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is an IgA-mediated small vessel vasculitis, typical of childhood. It's a self-limiting disease and it affects different systems. HSP is characterized by dermatological, abdominal, joint and renal clinical ... ...

Abstract	Background: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is an IgA-mediated small vessel vasculitis, typical of childhood. It's a self-limiting disease and it affects different systems. HSP is characterized by dermatological, abdominal, joint and renal clinical manifestations. This condition usually occurs upon infections, mainly upper respiratory tract ones, medications, vaccinations and malignancies. Case presentation: We describe the case of a 11 year-old girl who developed a urticarial rash 12 days after the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech BNT16B2b2 mRNA vaccine and a clear picture of Henoch Schönlein purpura 5 days after administration of the second dose of the same vaccine. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first description of a pediatric patient with Henoch-Schönlein purpura occurring in association with vaccination against COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	BNT162 Vaccine/adverse effects ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; IgA Vasculitis/chemically induced ; IgA Vasculitis/diagnosis
Chemical Substances	BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2088556-8
ISSN	1824-7288 ; 1720-8424
ISSN (online)	1824-7288
ISSN	1720-8424
DOI	10.1186/s13052-022-01351-1
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Article ; Online: Medical treatment of weight loss in children and adolescents with obesity.

Calcaterra, Valeria / Rossi, Virginia / Mari, Alessandra / Casini, Francesca / Bergamaschi, Francesco / Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo / Fabiano, Valentina

Pharmacological research

2022 Volume 185, Page(s) 106471

Abstract: Obesity remains one of the biggest health problems both in adults and children. Lifestyle modification, including diet and exercise, continues to be the mainstay of obesity prevention and treatment. Unfortunately, lifestyle modifications are often ... ...

Abstract	Obesity remains one of the biggest health problems both in adults and children. Lifestyle modification, including diet and exercise, continues to be the mainstay of obesity prevention and treatment. Unfortunately, lifestyle modifications are often unsuccessful. Pharmacological treatment of obesity in pediatric patients can be applied in selected cases, and not before evidence of failure of the multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention. In this narrative review, we revised the most up-to-date evidence on medical treatment of weight loss in children and adolescents with obesity, including FDA- or EMA-approved and -experimented, not approved, drugs for pediatric population. Multidisciplinary treatment of childhood obesity, regulation of appetite control, energy balance and body weight were also discussed, in order to clarify the indications and mechanism action of drugs. Despite a substantial number of medications used for the treatment of obesity in adults, a limited number of drugs are approved by the drug regulatory agencies for pediatric population. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of novel pharmacological approaches for treatment of pediatric obesity in order to optimize weight management for children and adolescents and limit the development obesity-related comorbidities.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Pediatric Obesity/drug therapy ; Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology ; Weight Loss ; Life Style ; Exercise/physiology ; Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-Obesity Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1003347-6
ISSN	1096-1186 ; 0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
ISSN (online)	1096-1186
ISSN	0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
DOI	10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106471
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Article ; Online: Use of complementary and alternative medicine in children affected by oncologic, neurologic and liver diseases: a narrative review.

Casini, Francesca / Scaltrito, Francesca / Grimaldi, Maria Teresa / Pop, Tudor Lucian / Calcaterra, Valeria / Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo / Pettoello-Mantovani, Massimo / Ferrara, Pietro / Corsello, Giovanni / Fabiano, Valentina

Italian journal of pediatrics

2023 Volume 49, Issue 1, Page(s) 152

Abstract: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) consist of a broad group of restorative resources often linked to existing local cultures and established health care systems and are also increasingly used in children with some serious illnesses. In this ... ...

Abstract	Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) consist of a broad group of restorative resources often linked to existing local cultures and established health care systems and are also increasingly used in children with some serious illnesses. In this narrative review, we examine the epidemiology of the use, efficacy, and safety of complementary and alternative medicine in pediatric oncology, neurology, and hepatology. We searched for relevant articles published in Pubmed evaluating CAM use and its efficacy in safety in children affected by oncologic, neurologic and liver diseases. CAM is used to improve the success of conventional therapies, but also to alleviate the pain, discomfort, and suffering resulting from the diseases and their treatment, which are often associated with a significant burden of adverse effects. CAM use must be evaluated in children with neurological, oncological and liver diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Complementary Therapies/adverse effects ; Complementary Therapies/methods ; Neurology ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Pain/etiology ; Liver Diseases/therapy ; Liver Diseases/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2088556-8
ISSN	1824-7288 ; 1720-8424
ISSN (online)	1824-7288
ISSN	1720-8424
DOI	10.1186/s13052-023-01554-0
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