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  1. Article ; Online: Pulmonary Hypertension: How to Best Treat the Different Scleroderma Phenotypes?

    Korman, Benjamin D / Lachant, Daniel J / Castelino, Flavia V

    Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America

    2023  Volume 49, Issue 2, Page(s) 345–357

    Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). PH is a heterogenous condition and several different forms of PH are associated with SSc, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) resulting ... ...

    Abstract Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). PH is a heterogenous condition and several different forms of PH are associated with SSc, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) resulting from a pulmonary arterial vasculopathy, PH due to interstitial lung disease, PH due to left heart disease, and PH due to thromboembolic disease. Extensive research has led to an improved understanding of the mediators involved in the pathogenesis of SSc-PH. Initial combination therapy is the preferred treatment approach for SSc-PAH and requires coordinated care with a multidisciplinary team including rheumatology, pulmonology, and cardiology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/therapy ; Scleroderma, Systemic/complications ; Scleroderma, Systemic/therapy ; Phenotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 92118-x
    ISSN 1558-3163 ; 0889-857X
    ISSN (online) 1558-3163
    ISSN 0889-857X
    DOI 10.1016/j.rdc.2023.01.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Detection and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases Associated With Connective Tissue Diseases.

    Castelino, Flavia V / Moua, Teng

    ACR open rheumatology

    2021  Volume 3, Issue 5, Page(s) 295–304

    Abstract: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common manifestation of connective tissue diseases (CTDs). A proportion of patients with CTD-ILDs develop progressive fibrosing ILD, which is characterized by worsening fibrotic abnormalities on high-resolution ... ...

    Abstract Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common manifestation of connective tissue diseases (CTDs). A proportion of patients with CTD-ILDs develop progressive fibrosing ILD, which is characterized by worsening fibrotic abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography scan, decline in lung function, worsening symptoms, and early mortality. Here, we review the impact of ILD in patients with CTDs, the importance of prompt diagnosis and close monitoring, and the evidence available to guide the management of CTD-ILDs. Management of patients with CTD-ILDs should be individualized and involve close collaboration between rheumatologists and pulmonologists. Immunosuppression is the mainstay of therapy for CTDs, but evidence for its effectiveness in slowing the progression of ILD is limited. Recently, nintedanib has been approved to slow decline in lung function in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated ILD and chronic fibrosing ILDs with a progressive phenotype. The results of ongoing clinical trials will help clinicians take a more evidence-based approach to the treatment of CTD-ILDs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2578-5745
    ISSN (online) 2578-5745
    DOI 10.1002/acr2.11253
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Recent progress in systemic sclerosis-interstitial lung disease.

    Castelino, Flavia V / Dellaripa, Paul F

    Current opinion in rheumatology

    2018  Volume 30, Issue 6, Page(s) 570–575

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Systemic sclerosis is a systemic autoimmune disorder wherein interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the major source or morbidity and mortality. Research into mechanisms of fibrosis and its intersection with autoimmunity, specifically ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Systemic sclerosis is a systemic autoimmune disorder wherein interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the major source or morbidity and mortality. Research into mechanisms of fibrosis and its intersection with autoimmunity, specifically lung fibrosis, has accelerated and been applied to autoimmune disorders such as scleroderma. This review highlights important emerging insights and treatment trials.
    Recent findings: The important elements of this review focus on the challenges faced in identifying patients not only who develop lung disease but who are at a higher risk for progression given the heterogeneous natural history of ILD in scleroderma. Risk assessment scoring models using radiographic and physiologic parameters are highlighted and recent and ongoing clinical trials in scleroderma ILD are discussed.
    Summary: The implications of much of this ongoing work is a potential paradigm shift in our ability to identify those patients at risk for progression, and to offer novel therapies that can limit the progression of inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease in this challenging group of patients.
    MeSH term(s) Autoimmunity/immunology ; Disease Management ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/epidemiology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/etiology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/therapy ; Scleroderma, Systemic/complications ; Scleroderma, Systemic/immunology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1045317-9
    ISSN 1531-6963 ; 1040-8711
    ISSN (online) 1531-6963
    ISSN 1040-8711
    DOI 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000544
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Evaluation and management approaches for scleroderma lung disease.

    Schoenfeld, Sara R / Castelino, Flavia V

    Therapeutic advances in respiratory disease

    2017  Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) 327–340

    Abstract: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). As symptoms are often under-reported in SSc, early screening of ILD and PAH is of paramount importance, ... ...

    Abstract Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). As symptoms are often under-reported in SSc, early screening of ILD and PAH is of paramount importance, and early treatment may be associated with better clinical outcomes. Serologies are particularly helpful in identifying patients at risk for pulmonary involvement. Pulmonary function testing, high-resolution computed tomography of the chest and echocardiography are important tools in the initial screening of these patients. Extensive research has also led to an improved understanding of the mediators involved in the pathogenesis of ILD and PAH. As a result, there have been significant advances in the development of novel targeted therapeutics and an increase in the number of early-phase clinical trials in SSc.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2476459-0
    ISSN 1753-4666 ; 1753-4658
    ISSN (online) 1753-4666
    ISSN 1753-4658
    DOI 10.1177/1753465817713680
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Clinically Recognized Depression and Mental Health Treatment in a Single Center Cohort of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.

    Savoie, Marissa B / Poeschla, Alexandra / Lu, Na / Zhang, Yuqing / Bolster, Marcy B / Schoenfeld, Sara / Castelino, Flavia V

    International journal of rheumatology

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 6141790

    Abstract: Introduction: In this study, we investigated the prevalence of depression, depression treatment, and symptom burden in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and examined their associations with the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: In this study, we investigated the prevalence of depression, depression treatment, and symptom burden in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and examined their associations with the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale revised (CESD-R) scores.
    Methods: The Prospective Registry in Scleroderma at Massachusetts General Hospital (PRISM) is a longitudinal registry of patients with SSc. Among participants with CESD-R score ≥ 16, indicating possible depression, a chart review was performed for mental health diagnoses and treatments. We examined the relation of demographic and clinical factors to the presence of mental health diagnoses or treatment using logistic regression. We evaluated the association of SSc symptoms and the COVID-19 pandemic with a CESD-R score using quantile regression.
    Results: Of 214 patients enrolled in PRISM, 129 participants (38% diffuse and 59% limited) completed at least one CESD-R questionnaire. In the first survey, 29% had possible depression (CESD - R ≥ 16) and 16% had probable depression (CESD - R ≥ 23). Of 20 participants with probable depression, 90% received treatment for a mood disorder. In a multivariable logistic regression model among participants with CESD - R ≥ 16, none of the evaluated variables (CESD-R score, age, gender, employment status, race, and ethnicity) was associated with mental health diagnosis or treatment. Higher baseline dyspnea index, modified Rodnan skin score, and the University of California Los Angeles Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal total score and subscores were associated with higher CESD-R score.
    Conclusion: In this single-center cross-sectional study, 16% of participants had significant depressive symptoms. Dyspnea, extent of skin involvement, and gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with depression symptoms.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2503284-7
    ISSN 1687-9279 ; 1687-9260
    ISSN (online) 1687-9279
    ISSN 1687-9260
    DOI 10.1155/2023/6141790
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Lipids and eicosanoids in fibrosis: emerging targets for therapy.

    Castelino, Flavia V

    Current opinion in rheumatology

    2012  Volume 24, Issue 6, Page(s) 649–655

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Lipid mediators including the lysophospholipids, sphingolipids and eicosanoids have long been implicated in inflammation, cancer and numerous other diseases. Over the last decade, new research suggests a role for these mediators in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Lipid mediators including the lysophospholipids, sphingolipids and eicosanoids have long been implicated in inflammation, cancer and numerous other diseases. Over the last decade, new research suggests a role for these mediators in fibrosis.
    Recent findings: Recent developments in the study of fibrotic mediators have centered on lysophospholipids and eicosanoids. New research is evaluating metabolic-profiling strategies to quantitatively measure lipid mediators in human plasma. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor antagonists are currently under development with early phase trials scheduled for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and scleroderma dermal fibrosis. Eicosanoids have long been implicated in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and the balance of profibrotic and antifibrotic effects has drawn attention in recent years. Targeting the prostanoids, specifically PGE2 and PGI2, as well as the leukotrienes is now being considered for antifibrotic therapies.
    Summary: Lipid mediators have significant roles in many disease processes. Significant research now suggests a critical role for these mediators in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Targeting these mediators is a promising area of drug discovery.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Eicosanoids/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism ; Inflammation Mediators/therapeutic use ; Lysophospholipids/metabolism ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism ; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/metabolism ; Scleroderma, Systemic/complications ; Scleroderma, Systemic/drug therapy ; Scleroderma, Systemic/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Eicosanoids ; Inflammation Mediators ; Lysophospholipids ; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-07-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1045317-9
    ISSN 1531-6963 ; 1040-8711
    ISSN (online) 1531-6963
    ISSN 1040-8711
    DOI 10.1097/BOR.0b013e328356d9f6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Interstitial lung disease in scleroderma.

    Schoenfeld, Sara R / Castelino, Flavia V

    Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America

    2015  Volume 41, Issue 2, Page(s) 237–248

    Abstract: Systemic sclerosis is a heterogeneous disease of unknown etiology with limited effective therapies. It is characterized by autoimmunity, vasculopathy, and fibrosis and is clinically manifested by multiorgan involvement. Interstitial lung disease is a ... ...

    Abstract Systemic sclerosis is a heterogeneous disease of unknown etiology with limited effective therapies. It is characterized by autoimmunity, vasculopathy, and fibrosis and is clinically manifested by multiorgan involvement. Interstitial lung disease is a common complication of systemic sclerosis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease hinges on careful clinical evaluation and pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography. Effective therapeutic options are still limited. Several experimental therapies are currently in early-phase clinical trials and show promise.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/etiology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/physiopathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/therapy ; Scleroderma, Systemic/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 92118-x
    ISSN 1558-3163 ; 0889-857X
    ISSN (online) 1558-3163
    ISSN 0889-857X
    DOI 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.12.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Emerging cellular and molecular targets in fibrosis: implications for scleroderma pathogenesis and targeted therapy.

    Castelino, Flavia V / Varga, John

    Current opinion in rheumatology

    2014  Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 607–614

    Abstract: Purpose of review: To summarize the recent advances in understanding the novel cytokine pathways, intracellular signaling molecules, cell-fate decisions, cellular aging and senescence, and the cross-talk of effector cells and the extracellular matrix ( ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: To summarize the recent advances in understanding the novel cytokine pathways, intracellular signaling molecules, cell-fate decisions, cellular aging and senescence, and the cross-talk of effector cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) fibrosis.
    Recent findings: Studies from the animal models and human beings implicate novel molecular pathways such as Wnts, the chemokines, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, and the lipid mediators lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate in the pathogenesis of SSc. These signals, coupled with the mesenchymal cell-fate decisions, contribute to aberrant fibroblast activation and myofibroblast accumulation. The resulting deposition and remodeling of ECM alters the biomechanical environment, and leads to further cross-talk of mechanical signals with biochemical mediators such as focal adhesion kinase, integrin signaling, and Yes-associated protein-transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif signaling pathways.
    Summary: Progress in understanding the cellular, molecular, and biomechanical regulators of fibrosis has led to the identification of novel targets for interrupting the fibrotic process in SSc. Efforts to antagonize cytokine pathways, affect mesenchymal cell fates, attenuate senescence, and clear activated myofibroblasts, along with modifying the ECM mechanical environment, may ultimately lead to effective therapies in SSc.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Scleroderma, Systemic/drug therapy ; Scleroderma, Systemic/metabolism ; Scleroderma, Systemic/physiopathology ; Signal Transduction/physiology
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1045317-9
    ISSN 1531-6963 ; 1040-8711
    ISSN (online) 1531-6963
    ISSN 1040-8711
    DOI 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000110
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Current status of systemic sclerosis biomarkers: applications for diagnosis, management and drug development.

    Castelino, Flavia V / Varga, John

    Expert review of clinical immunology

    2013  Volume 9, Issue 11, Page(s) 1077–1090

    Abstract: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a clinically heterogeneous orphan disease of unknown etiology and no effective therapy. It is characterized by protean manifestations, an unpredictable disease course and variable outcomes. Clinical manifestations reflect ... ...

    Abstract Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a clinically heterogeneous orphan disease of unknown etiology and no effective therapy. It is characterized by protean manifestations, an unpredictable disease course and variable outcomes. Clinical manifestations reflect underlying autoimmunity, small vessel vasculopathy and progressive multi-organ fibrosis. Predicting disease progression, pattern and severity of complications and response to therapy in SSc remain major challenges both for the management of patients and for the development of effective disease-modifying therapies. This review summarizes contemporary understanding of novel and emerging biomarkers for SSc. We focus on the development of new classification criteria, the utility of SSc-specific autoantibodies as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and on biomarkers for skin and lung involvement. Finally, we review genome-wide expression analysis as a tool to predict therapeutic responses. We anticipate that the development, validation and application of these biomarkers, singly or more likely in combination, will have a transformative impact in SSc, informing early diagnosis, classification and management, as well as the design, execution and interpretation of clinical trials of novel therapeutic agents.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological/metabolism ; Drug Discovery ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Lung/metabolism ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Scleroderma, Systemic/diagnosis ; Scleroderma, Systemic/drug therapy ; Skin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2274260-8
    ISSN 1744-8409 ; 1744-666X
    ISSN (online) 1744-8409
    ISSN 1744-666X
    DOI 10.1586/1744666X.2013.848792
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: A 30-Year-Old Woman With Chest Pain and Coronary Artery Aneurysms.

    Honigberg, Michael C / Wallace, Zachary S / Castelino, Flavia V

    Arthritis care & research

    2016  Volume 68, Issue 9, Page(s) 1378–1384

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Chest Pain/diagnostic imaging ; Chest Pain/etiology ; Chest Pain/therapy ; Coronary Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Aneurysm/etiology ; Coronary Aneurysm/therapy ; Coronary Angiography/methods ; Electrocardiography/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/complications ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/diagnostic imaging ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645059-3
    ISSN 2151-4658 ; 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
    ISSN (online) 2151-4658
    ISSN 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
    DOI 10.1002/acr.22476
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