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  1. Article: Deterministic and Contingent Factors in the Genesis of Agribusiness Clusters: The Pigmeat Industry in Nineteenth-Century Catalonia

    Castell, Pere / Ramon-Muñoz, Ramon

    Land. 2022 Mar. 05, v. 11, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: This paper deals with the location, origins, and early development of clusters and industrial districts in the agribusiness sector. It considers the case of the meat processing industry in the second half of the 19th century in Catalonia, a prosperous ... ...

    Abstract This paper deals with the location, origins, and early development of clusters and industrial districts in the agribusiness sector. It considers the case of the meat processing industry in the second half of the 19th century in Catalonia, a prosperous southern-European region in the period when this industry emerged. By constructing an index of potential locations at the municipal level, the paper discusses whether, and to what extent, deterministic factors explain the genesis of pigmeat processing clusters. The paper concludes that although these latter factors need primary consideration, contingency, particularly human agency, may also play a non-negligible role. As an illustration, this study pays particular attention to the cluster of Vic, which developed around this middle-sized town in central Catalonia. It became a leading meat cluster in early 20th-century Spain, even though it was not better suited to this industry than other Catalan localities where meat companies had also emerged.
    Keywords agribusiness ; early development ; humans ; land ; meat ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0305
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2682955-1
    ISSN 2073-445X
    ISSN 2073-445X
    DOI 10.3390/land11030385
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Sustainable Composites from Nature to Construction: Hemp and Linseed Reinforced Biocomposites Based on Bio-Based Epoxy Resins.

    Vidal, Julio / Ponce, David / Mija, Alice / Rymarczyk, Monika / Castell, Pere

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 3

    Abstract: The present manuscript describes the use of natural fibers as natural and sustainable reinforcement agents for advanced bio-based composite materials for strategic sectors, for example, the construction sector. The characterization carried out shows the ... ...

    Abstract The present manuscript describes the use of natural fibers as natural and sustainable reinforcement agents for advanced bio-based composite materials for strategic sectors, for example, the construction sector. The characterization carried out shows the potential of both natural hemp and linseed fibers, as well as their composites, which can be used as insulation materials because their thermal conductivity properties can be compared with those observed in typical construction materials such as pine wood. Nevertheless, linseed composites show better mechanical performance and hemp has higher fire resistance. It has been demonstrated that these natural fibers share similar properties; on the other hand, each of them should be used for a specific purpose. The work also evaluates the use of bio matrixes in composites, demonstrating their feasibility and how they impact the final material's properties. The proposed bio-resin enhances fire resistance and decreases the water absorption capacity of the natural fibers, enabling the use of composites as a final product in the construction sector. Therefore, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to manufacture a biocomposite with non-woven natural fibers. In fact, for properties such as thermal conductivity, it is capable of competing with current materials. Proving that biomaterials are a suitable solution for developing sustainable products, fulfilling the requirements of the end-user applications, as it has been demonstrated in this research with the non-woven fibers for the non-structural components.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma16031283
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Strategies towards Fully Recyclable Commercial Epoxy Resins: Diels-Alder Structures in Sustainable Composites.

    Vidal, Julio / Hornero, Carlos / De la Flor, Silvia / Vilanova, Anna / Dieste, Jose Antonio / Castell, Pere

    Polymers

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 8

    Abstract: The Diels-Alder equilibrium is a widely known process in chemistry that can be used to provide a thermoset structure with recyclability and reprocessability mechanisms. In this study, a commercial epoxy resin is modified through the integration of ... ...

    Abstract The Diels-Alder equilibrium is a widely known process in chemistry that can be used to provide a thermoset structure with recyclability and reprocessability mechanisms. In this study, a commercial epoxy resin is modified through the integration of functional groups into the network structure to provide superior performance. The present study has demonstrated that it is possible to adapt the curing process to efficiently incorporate these moieties in the final structure of commercial epoxy-based resins. It also evaluates the impact that they have on the final properties of the cured composites. In addition, different approaches have been studied for the incorporation of the functional group, adjusting and adapting the stoichiometry of the system components due to the differences in reactivity caused by the presence of the incorporated reactive groups, with the objective of maintaining comparable ratios of epoxy/amine groups in the formulation. Finally, it has been demonstrated that although the Diels-Alder equilibrium responds under external conditions, such as temperature, different sets of parameters and behaviors are to be expected as the structures are integrated into the thermoset, generating new equilibrium temperatures. In this way, the present research has explored sustainable strategies to enable the recyclability of commercial thermoset systems through crosslinking control and its modification.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym16081024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Processability of New and Recycled PA-6 Polymers.

    González Niño, Carlos / Vidal, Julio / Del Cerro, Martina / Royo-Pascual, Lucía / Murillo-Ciordia, Gonzalo / Castell, Pere

    Polymers

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 3

    Abstract: The growing quantities of plastic waste have raised environmental concerns, with almost a quarter of disposed plastics being sent to landfill. This has motivated research efforts into various recycling technologies to ease dependence on fossil resources, ...

    Abstract The growing quantities of plastic waste have raised environmental concerns, with almost a quarter of disposed plastics being sent to landfill. This has motivated research efforts into various recycling technologies to ease dependence on fossil resources, increasing circularity. Irradiation of various kinds, such as electron beam, beta and gamma rays, has been studied in the past as a way of revamping end-of-life polymer properties. The present work focuses on the effects of gamma radiation on the processability of new and recycled polymers, which is intimately linked with their rheological properties. In this study, both virgin and recycled polymers were irradiated under different radiation doses and the effects of the radiation on their viscosity assessed and compared. Results were analyzed making use of different theoretical relationships, and the causes of the changes in rheology were investigated by means of various characterization techniques, such as GPC, FTIR, EPR and DSC. Finally, the rheological curves of all samples were fitted to the Ostwald-de Waele relationship and the dependence of its parameters on the absorbed dose fitted to a function.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym15030613
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Evaluation of Cytocompatibility of PEEK-Based Composites as a Function of Manufacturing Processes.

    Gil-Albarova, Jorge / Martínez-Morlanes, María José / Fernández, José Miguel / Castell, Pere / Gracia, Luis / Puértolas, José Antonio

    Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 11

    Abstract: The biocompatible polymer polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a suitable candidate to be part of potential all-polymer total joint replacements, provided its use is associated with better osseointegration, mechanical performance, and wear resistance. Seeking ... ...

    Abstract The biocompatible polymer polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a suitable candidate to be part of potential all-polymer total joint replacements, provided its use is associated with better osseointegration, mechanical performance, and wear resistance. Seeking to meet the aforementioned requirements, respectively, we have manufactured a PEEK composite with different fillers: carbon fibers (CF), hydroxyapatite particles (HA) and graphene platelets (GNP). The mechanical outcomes of the composites with combinations of 0, 1.5, 3.0 wt% GNP, 5 and 15 wt% HA and 30% of wt% CF concentrations pointed out that one of the best filler combinations to achieve the previous objectives was 30 wt% CF, 8 wt% HA and 2 wt% of GNP. The study compares the bioactivity of human osteoblasts on this composite prepared by injection molding with that on the material manufactured by the Fused Filament Fabrication 3D additive technique. The results indicate that the surface adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblasts over time are better with the composite obtained by injection molding than that obtained by 3D printing. This result is more closely correlated with morphological parameters of the composite surface than its wettability behavior.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2746191-9
    ISSN 2306-5354
    ISSN 2306-5354
    DOI 10.3390/bioengineering10111327
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Sustainable Materials with Enhanced Mechanical Properties Based on Industrial Polyhydroxyalkanoates Reinforced with Organomodified Sepiolite and Montmorillonite.

    García-Quiles, Lidia / Cuello, Ángel Fernández / Castell, Pere

    Polymers

    2019  Volume 11, Issue 4

    Abstract: Microplastics have become one of the greatest environmental challenges worldwide. To turn this dramatic damage around, EU regulators now want to ensure that plastic itself is fully recyclable or biodegradable. The aim of the present work is to develop a ... ...

    Abstract Microplastics have become one of the greatest environmental challenges worldwide. To turn this dramatic damage around, EU regulators now want to ensure that plastic itself is fully recyclable or biodegradable. The aim of the present work is to develop a biobased and biodegradable biocomposite based on commercial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and nanoclays, with the objective of achieving a reduction of rancid odour while avoiding any loss in thermomechanical properties, thus tackling two key disadvantages of PHAs. This research aims at completely characterising the structural, thermal and mechanical behaviour of the formulations developed, understanding the compatibility mechanisms in order to be able to assess the best commercial combinations for industrial applications in the packaging and automotive sectors. We report the development of nine nanobiocomposite materials based on three types of commercial PHA matrices: a linear poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB); two copolymers based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym11040696
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Color Fixation Strategies on Sustainable Poly-Butylene Succinate Using Biobased Itaconic Acid.

    G Quiles, Lidia / Vidal, Julio / Luzi, Francesca / Dominici, Franco / Fernández Cuello, Ángel / Castell, Pere

    Polymers

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 1

    Abstract: Biopo-lybutylene succinate (bioPBS) is gaining attention in the biodegradable polymer market due to its promising properties, such as high biodegradability and processing versatility, representing a potential sustainable replacement for fossil-based ... ...

    Abstract Biopo-lybutylene succinate (bioPBS) is gaining attention in the biodegradable polymer market due to its promising properties, such as high biodegradability and processing versatility, representing a potential sustainable replacement for fossil-based commodities. However, there is still a need to enhance its properties for certain applications, with aesthetical and mechanical properties being a challenge. The aim of the present work is to improve these properties by adding selected additives that will confer bioPBS with comparable properties to that of current counterparts such as polypropylene (PP) for specific applications in the automotive and household appliances sectors. A total of thirteen materials have been studied and compared, being twelve biocomposites containing combinations of three different additives: a commercial red colorant, itaconic acid (IA) to enhance color fixation and zirconia (ZrO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym13010079
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Non-Isothermal Crystallization Behavior of PEEK/Graphene Nanoplatelets Composites from Melt and Glass States.

    Alvaredo, Ángel / Martín, María Isabel / Castell, Pere / Guzmán de Villoria, Roberto / Fernández-Blázquez, Juan P

    Polymers

    2019  Volume 11, Issue 1

    Abstract: The effect of the graphene nanoplateletets (GNP), at concentration of 1, 5 and 10 wt %, in Poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) composite crystallization from melt and during cold crystallization were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and ...

    Abstract The effect of the graphene nanoplateletets (GNP), at concentration of 1, 5 and 10 wt %, in Poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) composite crystallization from melt and during cold crystallization were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and real time X-ray diffraction experiments. DSC results revealed a double effect of GNP: (a) nucleating effect crystallization from melt started at higher temperatures and (b) longer global crystallization time due to the restriction in the polymer chain mobility. This hindered mobility were proved by rheological behavior of nanocomposites, because to the increase of complex viscosity, G', G″ with the GNP content, as well as the non-Newtonian behavior found in composites with high GNP content. Finally, real time wide and small angle synchrotron X-ray radiation (WAXS/SAXS) X-ray measurements showed that GNP has not affected the orthorhombic phase of PEEK nor the evolution of the crystal phase during the crystallization processes. However, the correlation length of the crystal obtained by WAXS and the long period (L) by SAXS varied depending on the GNP content.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym11010124
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Effect of Extrusion on the Mechanical and Rheological Properties of a Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid): Reprocessing and Recycling of Biobased Materials.

    Peinado, Víctor / Castell, Pere / García, Lidia / Fernández, Ángel

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2015  Volume 8, Issue 10, Page(s) 7106–7117

    Abstract: The aim of this research paper is to study the behaviour of a common used biopolymer (Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA)) after several reprocesses and how two different types of additives (a melt strength enhancer and a nanoadditive) affect its mechanical and ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this research paper is to study the behaviour of a common used biopolymer (Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA)) after several reprocesses and how two different types of additives (a melt strength enhancer and a nanoadditive) affect its mechanical and rheological properties. Systematic extraction of extrudate samples from a twin-screw compounder was done in order to study the effect in the properties of the reprocessed material. Detailed rheological tests on a capillary rheometer as well as mechanical studies on a universal tensile machine after preparation of injected specimens were carried out. Results evidenced that PLA and reinforced PLA materials can be reprocessed and recycled without a remarkable loss in their mechanical properties. Several processing restrictions and specific phenomena were identified and are explained in the present manuscript.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma8105360
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Tribological Performance of Nylon Composites with Nanoadditives for Self-Lubrication Purposes.

    Clavería, Isabel / Gimeno, Sofía / Miguel, Ignacio / Mendoza, Gemma / Lostalé, Aleida / Fernández, Ángel / Castell, Pere / Elduque, Daniel

    Polymers

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 10

    Abstract: A systematic study comparing the wear behaviour of composites with nylon matrix (PA66, PA46, PA12) and different nanoadditives and reinforcing additives (graphite, graphene, ... ...

    Abstract A systematic study comparing the wear behaviour of composites with nylon matrix (PA66, PA46, PA12) and different nanoadditives and reinforcing additives (graphite, graphene, MoS
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym12102253
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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