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  1. AU="Caughlin, T Trevor"
  2. AU="Serena Montalbano"
  3. AU="Morroni, Gianluca"
  4. AU="Choi, Kristal S."
  5. AU="Verma, Smita Rastogi" AU="Verma, Smita Rastogi"
  6. AU="Zhou, Bingfeng"
  7. AU="Kivala, Milan"
  8. AU="Salafia, O S"
  9. AU="Taghavi, Fouad J"
  10. AU="Xiao, Jun-Hua"
  11. AU="Vee Sin Lee, Peter"
  12. AU="Zhu, Yali"
  13. AU="Jiang-Qi Liu"
  14. AU="Moores, Roxanna"

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  1. Artikel: Bayesian modeling can facilitate adaptive management in restoration

    Applestein, Cara / Caughlin, T. Trevor / Germino, Matthew J.

    Restoration ecology. 2022 Apr., v. 30, no. 4

    2022  

    Abstract: There is an urgent need for near‐term predictions of ecological restoration outcomes despite imperfect knowledge of ecosystems. Restoration outcomes are always uncertain but integrating Bayesian modeling into the process of adaptive management allows ... ...

    Abstract There is an urgent need for near‐term predictions of ecological restoration outcomes despite imperfect knowledge of ecosystems. Restoration outcomes are always uncertain but integrating Bayesian modeling into the process of adaptive management allows researchers and practitioners to explicitly incorporate prior knowledge of ecosystems into future predictions. Although barriers exist, employing qualitative expert knowledge and previous case studies can help narrow the range of uncertainty in forecasts. Software and processes that allow for repeatable methodologies can help bridge the existing gap between theory and application of Bayesian methods in adaptive management.
    Schlagwörter Bayesian theory ; adaptive management ; computer software ; ecological restoration ; expert opinion ; uncertainty
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2022-04
    Erscheinungsort Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 914746-9
    ISSN 1526-100X ; 1061-2971
    ISSN (online) 1526-100X
    ISSN 1061-2971
    DOI 10.1111/rec.13596
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Artikel: Post-fire seed dispersal of a wind-dispersed shrub declined with distance to seed source, yet had high levels of unexplained variation.

    Applestein, Cara / Caughlin, T Trevor / Germino, Matthew J

    AoB PLANTS

    2022  Band 14, Heft 6, Seite(n) plac045

    Abstract: Plant-population recovery across large disturbance areas is often seed-limited. An understanding of seed dispersal patterns is fundamental for determining natural-regeneration potential. However, forecasting seed dispersal rates across heterogeneous ... ...

    Abstract Plant-population recovery across large disturbance areas is often seed-limited. An understanding of seed dispersal patterns is fundamental for determining natural-regeneration potential. However, forecasting seed dispersal rates across heterogeneous landscapes remains a challenge. Our objectives were to determine (i) the landscape patterning of post-disturbance seed dispersal, and underlying sources of variation and the scale at which they operate, and (ii) how the natural seed dispersal patterns relate to a seed augmentation strategy. Vertical seed trapping experiments were replicated across 2 years and five burned and/or managed landscapes in sagebrush steppe. Multi-scale sampling and hierarchical Bayesian models were used to determine the scale of spatial variation in seed dispersal. We then integrated an empirical and mechanistic dispersal kernel for wind-dispersed species to project rates of seed dispersal and compared natural seed arrival to typical post-fire aerial seeding rates. Seeds were captured across the range of tested dispersal distances, up to a maximum distance of 26 m from seed-source plants, although dispersal to the furthest traps was variable. Seed dispersal was better explained by transect heterogeneity than by patch or site heterogeneity (transects were nested within patch within site). The number of seeds captured varied from a modelled mean of ~13 m
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-10-06
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2555823-7
    ISSN 2041-2851
    ISSN 2041-2851
    DOI 10.1093/aobpla/plac045
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel: Weather affects post‐fire recovery of sagebrush‐steppe communities and model transferability among sites

    Applestein, Cara / Caughlin, T. Trevor / Germino, Matthew J

    Ecosphere. 2021 Apr., v. 12, no. 4

    2021  

    Abstract: Altered climate, including weather extremes, can cause major shifts in vegetative recovery after disturbances. Predictive models that can identify the separate and combined temporal effects of disturbance and weather on plant communities and that are ... ...

    Abstract Altered climate, including weather extremes, can cause major shifts in vegetative recovery after disturbances. Predictive models that can identify the separate and combined temporal effects of disturbance and weather on plant communities and that are transferable among sites are needed to guide vulnerability assessments and management interventions. We asked how functional group abundance responded to time since fire and antecedent weather, if long‐term vegetation trajectories were better explained by initial post‐fire weather conditions or by general five‐year antecedent weather, and if weather effects helped predict post‐fire vegetation abundances at a new site. We parameterized models using a 30‐yr vegetation monitoring dataset from burned and unburned areas of the Orchard Training Area (OCTC) of southern Idaho, USA, and monthly PRISM data, and assessed model transferability on an independent dataset from the well‐sampled Soda wildfire area along the Idaho/Oregon border. Sagebrush density increased with lower mean air temperature of the coldest month and slightly increased with higher mean air temperature of the hottest month, and with higher maximum January–June precipitation. Perennial grass cover increased in relation to higher precipitation, measured annually in the first four years after fire and/or in September–November the year of fire. Annual grass increased in relation to higher March–May precipitation in the year after fire, but not with September–November precipitation in the year of fire. Initial post‐fire weather conditions explained 1% more variation in sagebrush density than recent antecedent 5‐yr weather did but did not explain additional variation in perennial or annual grass cover. Inclusion of weather variables increased transferability of models for predicting perennial and annual grass cover from the OCTC to the Soda wildfire regardless of the time period in which weather was considered. In contrast, inclusion of weather variables did not affect transferability of the forecasts of post‐fire sagebrush density from the OCTC to the Soda site. Although model transferability may be improved by including weather covariates when predicting post‐fire vegetation recovery, predictions may be surprisingly unaffected by the temporal windows in which coarse‐scale gridded weather data are considered.
    Schlagwörter Artemisia ; Oregon ; air temperature ; climate ; data collection ; meteorological data ; perennial grasses ; vegetation ; wildfires ; Idaho
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2021-04
    Erscheinungsort John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2572257-8
    ISSN 2150-8925
    ISSN 2150-8925
    DOI 10.1002/ecs2.3446
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Artikel: Active restoration leads to rapid recovery of aboveground biomass but limited recovery of fish diversity in planted mangrove forests of the North Brazil Shelf

    Ram, Mark A. / Caughlin, T. Trevor / Roopsind, Anand

    Restoration ecology. 2021 July, v. 29, no. 5

    2021  

    Abstract: Coastal degradation has spurred active restoration of mangrove ecosystems, from local initiatives to global commitments to increase mangrove forest area by 20% over the next decade. Mangrove restoration projects typically have multiple objectives, ... ...

    Abstract Coastal degradation has spurred active restoration of mangrove ecosystems, from local initiatives to global commitments to increase mangrove forest area by 20% over the next decade. Mangrove restoration projects typically have multiple objectives, including carbon storage, coastal resilience, and fisheries recovery. How planting seedlings, the most common form of active restoration, can promote recovery of mangrove ecosystem functions remains an urgent research need. We quantified multiple ecosystem outcomes of Guyana's national mangrove restoration program, approximately a decade after seedling planting, and compared restoration outcomes with conditions in intact and degraded mangrove forests. Multivariate analyses indicate that intact and restored sites' environmental conditions were similar to each other but different from degraded sites. Aboveground biomass in restored sites (103 Mg ha⁻¹) was 13 and 99% greater than intact (89.4 Mg ha⁻¹) and degraded (0.12 Mg ha⁻¹) sites, respectively. Active restoration successfully increased seedling abundance of both planted and unplanted species, with similar abundance between intact and restored sites. In contrast, fish communities in restored sites remained similar to degraded sites. Restored sites were dominated by a single algivorous fish species, with lower species diversity and commercially valuable fisheries than intact sites. Our results demonstrate that active restoration is a viable option to restore mangrove forest tree biomass and tree species composition in this region. However, even under a best‐case scenario for mangrove forest restoration, fisheries did not recover during our study's timespan. Long‐term monitoring and controlled experiments will be essential to further understand restoration outcomes for multiple ecosystem services in mangrove forests.
    Schlagwörter aboveground biomass ; algivores ; carbon sequestration ; fish ; forest restoration ; forest trees ; mangrove forests ; seedlings ; species diversity ; Brazil ; Guyana
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2021-07
    Erscheinungsort Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 914746-9
    ISSN 1526-100X ; 1061-2971
    ISSN (online) 1526-100X
    ISSN 1061-2971
    DOI 10.1111/rec.13400
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  5. Artikel ; Online: Lidar and deep learning reveal forest structural controls on snowpack

    Hojatimalekshah, Ahmad / Gongora, Joel / Enterkine, Josh / Glenn, Nancy F / Caughlin, T Trevor / Marshall, Hans-Peter / Hiemstra, Christopher A.

    Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2023 Feb., v. 21, no. 1 p.49-54

    2023  

    Abstract: Forest structure has a strong relationship with abiotic components of the environment. For example, canopy morphology controls snow depth through interception and modifies incoming thermal radiation. In turn, snow water availability affects forest growth, ...

    Abstract Forest structure has a strong relationship with abiotic components of the environment. For example, canopy morphology controls snow depth through interception and modifies incoming thermal radiation. In turn, snow water availability affects forest growth, carbon sequestration, and nutrient cycling. We investigated how structural diversity and topography affect snow depth patterns across scales. The study site, Grand Mesa, Colorado, is representative of many areas worldwide where declining snowpack and its consequences for forest ecosystems are increasingly an environmental concern. On the basis of a convolution neural network model (R² of 0.64; root mean squared error of 0.13 m), we found that forest structural and topographic metrics from airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) at fine scales significantly influence snow depth during the accumulation season. Moreover, complex vertically arranged foliage intercepts more snow and results in shallower snow depths below the canopy. Assessing forest structural controls on snow distribution and depth will aid efforts to improve understanding of the ecological and hydrological impacts of changing snow patterns.
    Schlagwörter canopy ; carbon sequestration ; environment ; forest growth ; forests ; hydrology ; leaves ; lidar ; neural networks ; snow ; snowpack ; thermal radiation ; topography ; Colorado
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2023-02
    Umfang p. 49-54.
    Erscheinungsort John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2110853-5
    ISSN 1540-9309 ; 1540-9295
    ISSN (online) 1540-9309
    ISSN 1540-9295
    DOI 10.1002/fee.2584
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  6. Artikel: Detecting gold mining impacts on insect biodiversity in a tropical mining frontier with SmallSat imagery.

    Stoll, Eric / Roopsind, Anand / Maharaj, Gyanpriya / Velazco, Sandra / Caughlin, T Trevor

    Remote sensing in ecology and conservation

    2022  Band 8, Heft 3, Seite(n) 379–390

    Abstract: Gold mining is a major driver of Amazonian forest loss and degradation. As mining activity encroaches on primary forest in remote and inaccessible areas, satellite imagery provides crucial data for monitoring mining-related deforestation. High-resolution ...

    Abstract Gold mining is a major driver of Amazonian forest loss and degradation. As mining activity encroaches on primary forest in remote and inaccessible areas, satellite imagery provides crucial data for monitoring mining-related deforestation. High-resolution imagery, in particular, has shown promise for detecting artisanal gold mining at the forest frontier. An important next step will be to establish relationships between satellite-derived land cover change and biodiversity impacts of gold mining. In this study, we set out to detect artisanal gold mining using high-resolution imagery and relate mining land cover to insects, a taxonomic group that accounts for the majority of faunal biodiversity in tropical forests. We applied an object-based image analysis (OBIA) to classify mined areas in an Indigenous territory in Guyana, using PlanetScope imagery with ~3.7 m resolution. We complemented our OBIA with field surveys of insect family presence or absence in field plots (n = 105) that captured a wide range of mining disturbances. Our OBIA was able to identify mined objects with high accuracy (>90% balanced accuracy). Field plots with a higher proportion of OBIA-derived mine cover had significantly lower insect family richness. The effects of mine cover on individual insect taxa were highly variable. Insect groups that respond strongly to mining disturbance could potentially serve as bioindicators for monitoring ecosystem health during and after gold mining. With the advent of global partnerships that provide universal access to PlanetScope imagery for tropical forest monitoring, our approach represents a low-cost and rapid way to assess the biodiversity impacts of gold mining in remote landscapes.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-01-21
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2825232-9
    ISSN 2056-3485
    ISSN 2056-3485
    DOI 10.1002/rse2.250
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel: Intraspecific variation mediates density dependence in a genetically diverse plant species

    Zaiats, Andrii / Germino, Matthew J. / Serpe, Marcelo D. / Richardson, Bryce A. / Caughlin, T. Trevor

    Ecology. 2021 Nov., v. 102, no. 11

    2021  

    Abstract: Interactions between neighboring plants are critical for biodiversity maintenance in plant populations and communities. Intraspecific trait variation and genome duplication are common in plant species and can drive eco‐evolutionary dynamics through ... ...

    Abstract Interactions between neighboring plants are critical for biodiversity maintenance in plant populations and communities. Intraspecific trait variation and genome duplication are common in plant species and can drive eco‐evolutionary dynamics through genotype‐mediated plant–plant interactions. However, few studies have examined how species‐wide intraspecific variation may alter interactions between neighboring plants. We investigate how subspecies and ploidy variation in a genetically diverse species, big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), can alter the demographic outcomes of plant interactions. Using a replicated, long‐term common garden experiment that represents range‐wide diversity of A. tridentata, we ask how intraspecific variation, environment, and stand age mediate neighbor effects on plant growth and survival. Spatially explicit models revealed that ploidy variation and subspecies identity can mediate plant–plant interactions but that the effect size varied in time and across experimental sites. We found that demographic impacts of neighbor effects were strongest during early stages of stand development and in sites with greater growth rates. Within subspecies, tetraploid populations showed greater tolerance to neighbor crowding compared to their diploid variants. Our findings provide evidence that intraspecific variation related to genome size and subspecies identity impacts spatial demography in a genetically diverse plant species. Accounting for intraspecific variation in studies of conspecific density dependence will improve our understanding of how local populations will respond to novel genotypes and biotic interaction regimes. As introduction of novel genotypes into local populations becomes more common, quantifying demographic processes in genetically diverse populations will help predict long‐term consequences of plant–plant interactions.
    Schlagwörter Artemisia tridentata ; conspecificity ; demography ; diploidy ; genome ; intraspecific variation ; plant growth ; stand age ; stand development ; tetraploidy
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2021-11
    Erscheinungsort John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1797-8
    ISSN 0012-9658
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1002/ecy.3502
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  8. Artikel: Habitat fragmentation alters the distance of abiotic seed dispersal through edge effects and direction of dispersal

    Warneke, Christopher R. / Caughlin, T. Trevor / Damschen, Ellen I. / Haddad, Nick M. / Levey, Douglas J. / Brudvig, Lars A.

    Ecology. 2022 Feb., v. 103, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: Habitat loss and fragmentation are leading causes of species declines, driven in part by reduced dispersal. Isolating the effects of fragmentation on dispersal, however, is daunting because the consequences of fragmentation are typically intertwined, ... ...

    Abstract Habitat loss and fragmentation are leading causes of species declines, driven in part by reduced dispersal. Isolating the effects of fragmentation on dispersal, however, is daunting because the consequences of fragmentation are typically intertwined, such as reduced connectivity and increased prevalence of edge effects. We used a large‐scale landscape experiment to separate consequences of fragmentation on seed dispersal, considering both distance and direction of local dispersal. We evaluated seed dispersal for five wind‐ or gravity‐dispersed, herbaceous plant species that were planted at different distances from habitat edges, within fragments that varied in their connectivity and shape (edge‐to‐area ratio). Dispersal distance was affected by proximity and direction relative to the nearest edge. For four of five species, dispersal distances were greater further from habitat edges and when seeds dispersed in the direction of the nearest edge. Connectivity and patch edge‐to‐area ratio had minimal effects on local dispersal. Our findings illustrate how some, but not all, landscape changes associated with fragmentation can affect the key population process of seed dispersal.
    Schlagwörter habitat destruction ; habitat fragmentation ; habitats ; herbaceous plants ; landscapes ; seed dispersal
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2022-02
    Erscheinungsort John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    Anmerkung JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1797-8
    ISSN 0012-9658
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1002/ecy.3586
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  9. Artikel ; Online: Long-distance natal dispersal is relatively frequent and correlated with environmental factors in a widespread raptor.

    McCaslin, Hanna M / Caughlin, T Trevor / Heath, Julie A

    The Journal of animal ecology

    2020  Band 89, Heft 9, Seite(n) 2077–2088

    Abstract: Dispersal is a critical process influencing population dynamics and responses to global change. Long-distance dispersal (LDD) can be especially important for gene flow and adaptability, although little is known about the factors influencing LDD because ... ...

    Abstract Dispersal is a critical process influencing population dynamics and responses to global change. Long-distance dispersal (LDD) can be especially important for gene flow and adaptability, although little is known about the factors influencing LDD because studying large-scale movements is challenging and LDD tends to be observed less frequently than shorter-distance dispersal (SDD). We sought to understand patterns of natal dispersal at a large scale, specifically aiming to understand the relative frequency of LDD compared to SDD and correlates of dispersal distances. We used bird banding and encounter data for American kestrels (Falco sparverius) to investigate the effects of sex, migration strategy, population density, weather, year and agricultural land cover on LDD frequency, LDD distance and SDD distance in North America from 1961 to 2015. Nearly half of all natal dispersal (48.9%) was LDD (classified as >30 km), and the likelihood of LDD was positively associated with the proportion of agricultural land cover around natal sites. Correlates of distance differed between LDD and SDD movements. LDD distance was positively correlated with latitude, a proxy for migration strategy, suggesting that migratory individuals disperse farther than residents. Distance of LDD in males was positively associated with maximum summer temperature. We did not find sex-bias or an effect of population density in LDD distance or frequency. Within SDD, females tended to disperse farther than males, and distance was positively correlated with density. Sampling affected all responses, likely because local studies more frequently capture SDD within study areas. Our findings that LDD occurs at a relatively high frequency and is related to different proximate factors from SDD, including a lack of sex-bias in LDD, suggest that LDD may be more common than previously reported, and LDD and SDD may be distinct processes rather than two outcomes originating from a single dispersal distribution. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that LDD and SDD may be separate processes in an avian species, and suggests that environmental change may have different outcomes on the two processes.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animal Migration ; Animals ; Birds ; Female ; North America ; Population Dynamics ; Raptors
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-07-13
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 3024-7
    ISSN 1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
    ISSN (online) 1365-2656
    ISSN 0021-8790
    DOI 10.1111/1365-2656.13272
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  10. Artikel ; Online: Intraspecific variation mediates density dependence in a genetically diverse plant species.

    Zaiats, Andrii / Germino, Matthew J / Serpe, Marcelo D / Richardson, Bryce A / Caughlin, T Trevor

    Ecology

    2021  Band 102, Heft 11, Seite(n) e03502

    Abstract: Interactions between neighboring plants are critical for biodiversity maintenance in plant populations and communities. Intraspecific trait variation and genome duplication are common in plant species and can drive eco-evolutionary dynamics through ... ...

    Abstract Interactions between neighboring plants are critical for biodiversity maintenance in plant populations and communities. Intraspecific trait variation and genome duplication are common in plant species and can drive eco-evolutionary dynamics through genotype-mediated plant-plant interactions. However, few studies have examined how species-wide intraspecific variation may alter interactions between neighboring plants. We investigate how subspecies and ploidy variation in a genetically diverse species, big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), can alter the demographic outcomes of plant interactions. Using a replicated, long-term common garden experiment that represents range-wide diversity of A. tridentata, we ask how intraspecific variation, environment, and stand age mediate neighbor effects on plant growth and survival. Spatially explicit models revealed that ploidy variation and subspecies identity can mediate plant-plant interactions but that the effect size varied in time and across experimental sites. We found that demographic impacts of neighbor effects were strongest during early stages of stand development and in sites with greater growth rates. Within subspecies, tetraploid populations showed greater tolerance to neighbor crowding compared to their diploid variants. Our findings provide evidence that intraspecific variation related to genome size and subspecies identity impacts spatial demography in a genetically diverse plant species. Accounting for intraspecific variation in studies of conspecific density dependence will improve our understanding of how local populations will respond to novel genotypes and biotic interaction regimes. As introduction of novel genotypes into local populations becomes more common, quantifying demographic processes in genetically diverse populations will help predict long-term consequences of plant-plant interactions.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Artemisia ; Biodiversity ; Genotype ; Phenotype
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-09-03
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2010140-5
    ISSN 1939-9170 ; 0012-9658
    ISSN (online) 1939-9170
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1002/ecy.3502
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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