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Article ; Online: Pharmacokinetic considerations for angiogenesis inhibitors used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma: an overview.

Borriello, Raffaele / Cerrito, Lucia / Gasbarrini, Antonio / Ponziani, Francesca Romana

Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

2023 Volume 19, Issue 11, Page(s) 785–794

Abstract: Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth malignancy in terms of frequency and the fourth malignancy in terms of cancer-related death worldwide. Systemic therapy of advanced HCC has probably gone through the greatest wave of change in ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth malignancy in terms of frequency and the fourth malignancy in terms of cancer-related death worldwide. Systemic therapy of advanced HCC has probably gone through the greatest wave of change in the last decade, with the introduction of several anti-angiogenic drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors, able to significantly improve patients' prognosis. Areas covered: In this review, we summarize the pharmacokinetic characteristic of the antiangiogenic drugs currently approved for the treatment of HCC, from oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (sorafenib, lenvatinib, regorafenib and cabozantinib) to monoclonal antibodies (bevacizumab and ramucirumab), focusing on the main aspects that differ among compounds from the same class, on factors that can exert an influence on pharmacokinetic parameters and the main issues that could limit their clinical use. Expert opinion: Anti-angiogenic drugs have different profiles in terms of bioavailability, metabolism, elimination and interindividual variability in their pharmacokinetics and effectiveness. More studies should be developed to address the intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing pharmacokinetics parameters to improve the individual therapeutic response and, furthermore, to evaluate the benefit and the harm of systemic therapy for advanced HCC in selected patients with liver impairment.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2214462-6
ISSN	1744-7607 ; 1742-5255
ISSN (online)	1744-7607
ISSN	1742-5255
DOI	10.1080/17425255.2023.2272598
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Article ; Online: Correction: 'Dental cementum virtual histology of Neanderthal teeth from Krapina (Croatia, 130-120 kyr): an informed estimate of age, sex and adult stressors' (2022), by Cerrito

Cerrito, P / Nava, A / Radovčić, D / Borić, D / Cerrito, L / Basdeo, T / Ruggiero, G / Frayer, D W / Kao, A P / Bondioli, L / Mancini, L / Bromage, T G

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface

2024 Volume 21, Issue 211, Page(s) 20240069

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2156283-0
ISSN	1742-5662 ; 1742-5689
ISSN (online)	1742-5662
ISSN	1742-5689
DOI	10.1098/rsif.2024.0069
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Article ; Online: Fever of unknown origin due to Coxiella burnetii, an unexpected guest in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Cerrito, Lucia / Guidi, Luisa / Vecchio, Fabio M / Miele, Luca

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

2022 Volume 55, Issue 1, Page(s) 131–132

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Coxiella burnetii ; Fever of Unknown Origin/etiology ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1459373-7
ISSN	1878-3562 ; 1125-8055
ISSN (online)	1878-3562
ISSN	1125-8055
DOI	10.1016/j.dld.2022.10.017
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Article: Ultrasound Evaluation of Sarcopenia in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Faster and Easier Way to Detect Patients at Risk.

Esposto, Giorgio / Borriello, Raffaele / Galasso, Linda / Termite, Fabrizio / Mignini, Irene / Cerrito, Lucia / Ainora, Maria Elena / Gasbarrini, Antonio / Zocco, Maria Assunta

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 14, Issue 4

Abstract: The condition of sarcopenia, defined as a progressive loss of musculoskeletal mass and muscular strength, is very common in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and presents a remarkable association with its prognosis. Thus, the early ... ...

Abstract	The condition of sarcopenia, defined as a progressive loss of musculoskeletal mass and muscular strength, is very common in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and presents a remarkable association with its prognosis. Thus, the early identification of sarcopenic patients represents one of the potential new approaches in the global assessment of HCC, and there is increasing interest regarding the potential therapeutic implications of this condition. The gold standard for the quantification of muscle mass is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT), but these techniques are not always feasible because of the high-cost equipment needed. A new possibility in sarcopenia identification could be muscle ultrasound examination. The measurement of specific parameters such as the muscle thickness, muscular fascicles length or pennation angle has shown a good correlation with CT or MRI values and a good diagnostic accuracy in the detection of sarcopenia. Recently, these results were also confirmed specifically in patients with chronic liver disease. This review summarizes the role of imaging for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in patients with HCC, focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of the diagnostic techniques currently validated for this aim and the future perspectives for the identification of this condition.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics14040371
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Article: Management of Portal Hypertension in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Systemic Treatment: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.

De Gaetano, Valeria / Pallozzi, Maria / Cerrito, Lucia / Santopaolo, Francesco / Stella, Leonardo / Gasbarrini, Antonio / Ponziani, Francesca Romana

Cancers

2024 Volume 16, Issue 7

Abstract: The management of CSPH in patients undergoing systemic treatment for HCC has emerged as a critical concern due to the absence of reliable diagnostic criteria and uncertainties surrounding therapeutic approaches. This review aims to underscore the primary ...

Abstract	The management of CSPH in patients undergoing systemic treatment for HCC has emerged as a critical concern due to the absence of reliable diagnostic criteria and uncertainties surrounding therapeutic approaches. This review aims to underscore the primary pathophysiological aspects linking HCC and PH, while also addressing the current and emerging clinical strategies for the management of portal hypertension. A review of studies from January 2003 to June 2023 was conducted using the PubMed database and employing MeSH terms, such as "hepatocellular carcinoma", "immune checkpoint inhibitors", "systemic therapy", "portal hypertension", "variceal bleeding" and "tyrosine kinase inhibitors". Despite promising results of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in animal models for PH and fibrosis, only Sorafenib has demonstrated similar effects in human studies, whereas Lenvatinib appears to promote PH development. The impact of Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab on PH remains uncertain, with an increasing risk of bleeding related to Bevacizumab in patients with prior variceal hemorrhage. Given the absence of specific guidelines, endoscopic surveillance during treatment is advisable, and primary and secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding should adhere to the Baveno VII recommendations. Furthermore, in patients with advanced HCC, refinement of diagnostic criteria for CSPH and guidelines for its surveillance are warranted.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers16071388
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Article: Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Prognostic Role of Liver Stiffness Measurement.

Cerrito, Lucia / Mignini, Irene / Ainora, Maria Elena / Mosoni, Carolina / Gasbarrini, Antonio / Zocco, Maria Assunta

Cancers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 3

Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is nowadays the most common etiology of chronic liver disease, is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with or without cirrhosis. Owing to the high prevalence of NAFLD ... ...

Abstract	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is nowadays the most common etiology of chronic liver disease, is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with or without cirrhosis. Owing to the high prevalence of NAFLD worldwide, it becomes crucial to develop adequate strategies for surveillance of HCC and new prediction models aiming at stratifying NAFLD population for HCC risk. To this purpose, several noninvasive tests (NITs) have been proposed in the several last years, including clinical parameters, serum biomarkers, and imaging techniques. Most of these tools are focused on the assessment of liver fibrosis. Both ultrasound (US) elastography (especially transient elastography) and magnetic resonance (MR) elastography have been evaluated to estimate HCC risk in NAFLD patients. Recently, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) include these techniques among the recommended NITs for the assessment of liver fibrosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent data on the role of US and MR elastography in HCC risk stratification in patients with NAFLD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15030637
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Article: Immunotherapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: finally in clinical practice.

Celsa, Ciro / Cerrito, Lucia / Stella, Leonardo / Ciccia, Roberta / Cabibbo, Giuseppe / Ponziani, Francesca Romana

Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition

2023 Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 252–255

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	China (Republic : 1949- )
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2812398-0
ISSN	2304-389X ; 2304-3881
ISSN (online)	2304-389X
ISSN	2304-3881
DOI	10.21037/hbsn-23-97
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Article ; Online: The Role of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in the Detection of Neoplastic Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Cerrito, Lucia / Ainora, Maria Elena / Di Francesco, Silvino / Galasso, Linda / Gasbarrini, Antonio / Zocco, Maria Assunta

Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.)

2023 Volume 9, Issue 5, Page(s) 1976–1986

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the principal primary liver cancer and one of the most frequent malignant tumors worldwide in patients with chronic liver disease. When diagnosed at an advanced stage, it is often associated with portal vein tumor ... ...

Abstract	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the principal primary liver cancer and one of the most frequent malignant tumors worldwide in patients with chronic liver disease. When diagnosed at an advanced stage, it is often associated with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), which heavily affects patients' prognosis. Imaging evaluation is crucial in PVTT detection and staging; computed tomography and magnetic resonance are the principal diagnostic tools. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a non-invasive and easily repeatable method that can also be used in patients with impaired renal function. It represents an important means for the identification of PVTT, particularly differentiating neoplastic and non-neoplastic thrombosis through the analysis of ultrasound enhancement characteristics of the thrombosis (arterial hyperenhancement and portal washout), thus allowing more refined disease staging, appropriate treatment planning, and response evaluation, along with prognosis assessment.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms/complications ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Portal Vein/diagnostic imaging ; Portal Vein/pathology ; Prognosis ; Venous Thrombosis/complications ; Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging ; Venous Thrombosis/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2379-139X
ISSN (online)	2379-139X
DOI	10.3390/tomography9050154
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Article: Prognostic Role of Molecular and Imaging Biomarkers for Predicting Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment Efficacy.

Cerrito, Lucia / Ainora, Maria Elena / Mosoni, Carolina / Borriello, Raffaele / Gasbarrini, Antonio / Zocco, Maria Assunta

Cancers

2022 Volume 14, Issue 19

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide and the fourth cause of tumor-related death. Imaging biomarkers are based on computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and are widely applied in ...

Abstract	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide and the fourth cause of tumor-related death. Imaging biomarkers are based on computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and are widely applied in HCC diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Unfortunately, in the field of molecular biomarkers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is still the only recognized tool for HCC surveillance in both diagnostic and follow-up purposes. Other molecular biomarkers have little roles in clinical practice regarding HCC, mainly for the detection of early-stage HCC, monitoring the response to treatments and analyzing tumor prognosis. In the last decades no important improvements have been achieved in this field and imaging biomarkers maintain the primacy in HCC diagnosis and follow-up. Despite the still inconsistent role of molecular biomarkers in surveillance and early HCC detection, they could play an outstanding role in prognosis estimation and treatment monitoring with a potential reduction in health costs faced by standard radiology. An important challenge resides in identifying sufficiently sensitive and specific biomarkers for advanced HCC for prognostic evaluation and detection of tumor progression, overcoming imaging biomarker sensitivity. The aim of this review is to analyze the current molecular and imaging biomarkers in advanced HCC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers14194647
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Article: Gut Microbiota and Antibiotic Treatments for the Main Non-Oncologic Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Disorders.

Di Vincenzo, Federica / Nicoletti, Alberto / Negri, Marcantonio / Vitale, Federica / Zileri Dal Verme, Lorenzo / Gasbarrini, Antonio / Ponziani, Francesca Romana / Cerrito, Lucia

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 6

Abstract: The gut microbiota is a pivotal actor in the maintenance of the balance in the complex interconnections of hepato-biliary-pancreatic system. It has both metabolic and immunologic functions, with an influence on the homeostasis of the whole organism and ... ...

Abstract	The gut microbiota is a pivotal actor in the maintenance of the balance in the complex interconnections of hepato-biliary-pancreatic system. It has both metabolic and immunologic functions, with an influence on the homeostasis of the whole organism and on the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases, from non-neoplastic ones to tumorigenesis. The continuous bidirectional metabolic communication between gut and hepato-pancreatic district, through bile ducts and portal vein, leads to a continuous interaction with translocated bacteria and their products. Chronic liver disease and pancreatic disorders can lead to reduced intestinal motility, decreased bile acid synthesis and intestinal immune dysfunction, determining a compositional and functional imbalance in gut microbiota (dysbiosis), with potentially harmful consequences on the host's health. The modulation of the gut microbiota by antibiotics represents a pioneering challenge with striking future therapeutic opportunities, even in non-infectious diseases. In this setting, antibiotics are aimed at harmonizing gut microbial function and, sometimes, composition. A more targeted and specific approach should be the goal to pursue in the future, tailoring the treatment according to the type of microbiota modulation to be achieved and using combined strategies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics12061068
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