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  1. Article ; Online: Recent Progress in Genetic Transformation and Gene Editing Technology in Cucurbit Crops

    Feng, Jing / Wang, Naonao / Li, Yang / Wang, Huihui / Zhang, Wenna / Wang, Huasen / Chai, Sen

    Agronomy. 2023 Mar. 05, v. 13, no. 3

    2023  

    Abstract: Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae) include major horticultural crops with high nutritional and economic value that also serve as model plants for studying plant development and crop improvement. Conventional breeding methods have made important contributions to ... ...

    Abstract Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae) include major horticultural crops with high nutritional and economic value that also serve as model plants for studying plant development and crop improvement. Conventional breeding methods have made important contributions to the production of cucurbit crops but have led to a breeding bottleneck because of the narrow genetic bases and low variation rates of these crops. With the development of molecular techniques, innovations in germplasm development through transgenesis and gene editing have led to breakthroughs in horticultural crop breeding. Although the development of genetic transformation and gene editing techniques for cucurbit crops has lagged behind that for other major crops, great progress has been made in recent years. Here, we summarize recent advances in improving the genetic transformation efficiency of cucurbit crops, including the screening of germplasm and the application of physical treatments, morphogenic genes, and selection markers. In addition, we review the application of gene editing technology to cucurbit crops, including CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated nuclease 9)-mediated gene knockout and base editing. This work provides a reference for improving genetic transformation efficiency and gene editing technology for cucurbit crops.
    Keywords Cucurbitaceae ; agronomy ; economic valuation ; gene targeting ; genes ; genetic transformation ; germplasm ; horticultural crops ; horticulture ; plant development ; transgenesis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0305
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2607043-1
    ISSN 2073-4395
    ISSN 2073-4395
    DOI 10.3390/agronomy13030755
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Distributed Model-Free Sliding-Mode Predictive Control of Discrete-Time Second-Order Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Delays.

    Zhang, Ji / Chai, Sen-Chun / Zhang, Bai-Hai / Liu, Guo-Ping

    IEEE transactions on cybernetics

    2022  Volume 52, Issue 11, Page(s) 12403–12413

    Abstract: In this article, the tracking problem of networked discrete-time second-order nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) is studied. First, for the MASs without communication delay, a novel method, called distributed model-free sliding-mode control algorithm is ...

    Abstract In this article, the tracking problem of networked discrete-time second-order nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) is studied. First, for the MASs without communication delay, a novel method, called distributed model-free sliding-mode control algorithm is proposed, which can make the system converge quickly without the accurate model. Furthermore, for the MASs with delay, in order to eliminate the influence of time delay on the system, a distributed model-free sliding-mode predictive control strategy based on time-delay compensation technology is proposed, which can actively compensate for time delay while ensuring system stability and consensus tracking performance requirements. Both the simulation and experiment results reveal the superiority of the proposed methods.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2168-2275
    ISSN (online) 2168-2275
    DOI 10.1109/TCYB.2021.3073217
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Nitrate deficiency induces differential endocytosis in roots through NRT1.1

    Chai, Sen / Nie, Yongxin / Li, Sha

    Plant signaling & behavior. 2020 Oct. 02, v. 15, no. 10

    2020  

    Abstract: Roots grow asymmetrically, sometimes helically, around their growth direction likely to facilitate environmental sensing. We recently demonstrated that nitrate deficiency induces root coiling on horizontal surface through nitrate transporter/sensor NRT1 ... ...

    Abstract Roots grow asymmetrically, sometimes helically, around their growth direction likely to facilitate environmental sensing. We recently demonstrated that nitrate deficiency induces root coiling on horizontal surface through nitrate transporter/sensor NRT1.1 and PIN2- and AUX-mediated polar auxin transport. Here, we show that nitrate deficiency or NRT1.1 loss-of-function induces differential distribution of PIN2 between the future concave and concave sides in root epidermal cells. Treatment with pharmacological drugs suggests that enhanced endocytosis at the future convex side leads to reduced plasma membrane (PM) association of PIN2. A reduction of PIN2 at the PM would maintain a low auxin response to further enhance endocytosis at the convex side, leading to root coiling.
    Keywords auxins ; behavior ; endocytosis ; loss-of-function mutation ; nitrates ; plasma membrane ; root epidermis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-1002
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ISSN 1559-2324
    DOI 10.1080/15592324.2020.1794394
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: NRT1.1-Mediated Nitrate Suppression of Root Coiling Relies on PIN2- and AUX1-Mediated Auxin Transport.

    Chai, Sen / Li, En / Zhang, Yan / Li, Sha

    Frontiers in plant science

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 671

    Abstract: Asymmetric root growth (ARG) on tilted plates, or root coiling on horizontally placed plates, is proposed to be a combination of gravitropism, mechanical sensing, and "circumnutation," a word designated by Charles Darwin to describe the helical movement ... ...

    Abstract Asymmetric root growth (ARG) on tilted plates, or root coiling on horizontally placed plates, is proposed to be a combination of gravitropism, mechanical sensing, and "circumnutation," a word designated by Charles Darwin to describe the helical movement that all plant organs make around the growth direction. ARG is developmentally controlled in which microtubule-regulating proteins and the phytohormone auxin participates. Nutrient deficiency influences ARG. However, it is unclear which nutrients play key roles in regulating ARG, what endogenous components are involved in responding to nutrient deficiency for ARG, and how nutrient deficiency is translated into endogenous responses. We report here that nitrate deficiency resulted in a strong ARG in Arabidopsis. Nitrate deficiency caused root coiling on horizontal plates, which is inhibited by an auxin transport inhibitor, and by mutations in
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711035-7
    ISSN 1664-462X
    ISSN 1664-462X
    DOI 10.3389/fpls.2020.00671
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Nitrate deficiency induces differential endocytosis in roots through NRT1.1.

    Chai, Sen / Nie, Yongxin / Li, Sha

    Plant signaling & behavior

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 10, Page(s) 1794394

    Abstract: Roots grow asymmetrically, sometimes helically, around their growth direction likely to facilitate environmental sensing. We recently demonstrated that nitrate deficiency induces root coiling on horizontal surface through nitrate transporter/sensor NRT1 ... ...

    Abstract Roots grow asymmetrically, sometimes helically, around their growth direction likely to facilitate environmental sensing. We recently demonstrated that nitrate deficiency induces root coiling on horizontal surface through nitrate transporter/sensor NRT1.1 and PIN2- and AUX-mediated polar auxin transport. Here, we show that nitrate deficiency or
    MeSH term(s) Anion Transport Proteins/genetics ; Anion Transport Proteins/metabolism ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Endocytosis/genetics ; Endocytosis/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/physiology ; Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism ; Nitrates/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism ; Plant Roots/genetics ; Plant Roots/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Signal Transduction/physiology
    Chemical Substances Anion Transport Proteins ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; Indoleacetic Acids ; NRT1.1 protein, Arabidopsis ; Nitrates ; Plant Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1559-2324
    ISSN (online) 1559-2324
    DOI 10.1080/15592324.2020.1794394
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Gibberellin biosynthesis is required for CPPU-induced parthenocarpy in melon.

    Liu, Yue / Li, Yang / Guo, Huixin / Lv, Bingsheng / Feng, Jing / Wang, Huihui / Zhang, Zhonghua / Chai, Sen

    Horticulture research

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) uhad084

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Spraying
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-6810
    ISSN 2662-6810
    DOI 10.1093/hr/uhad084
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Comparative Analysis of GRAS Genes in Six Cucurbitaceae Species Provides Insights into Their Evolution and Function

    Zhang, Qiqi / Wang, Cui / He, Jun / Xu, Yuanchao / Li, Hongbo / Sun, Tianshu / Chai, Sen / Xin, Hongjia / Xu, Kuipeng / Mou, Shan / Zhang, Zhonghua

    Horticulturae. 2023 June 18, v. 9, no. 6

    2023  

    Abstract: The Cucurbitaceae family comprises economically valuable vegetables such as cucumber, melon, and pumpkin. GRAS proteins, which are crucial transcription factors, play diverse roles in plant growth and development. However, comparative investigations of ... ...

    Abstract The Cucurbitaceae family comprises economically valuable vegetables such as cucumber, melon, and pumpkin. GRAS proteins, which are crucial transcription factors, play diverse roles in plant growth and development. However, comparative investigations of GRAS proteins across Cucurbitaceae species are limited. Here, we identified 241 GRAS family genes in six cucurbit crops. The number of GRAS genes in cucumber, melon, wax gourd, watermelon, and bottle gourd ranged from 36 to 37, while the pumpkin genome contained 57 GRAS genes, possibly due to a recent whole-genome duplication. We classified cucurbit GRAS genes into 16 subfamilies and identified species-specific motifs and specific-expression patterns in the SCLB and RAD1 subfamilies. Notably, we identified 38 tissue-specific expressed genes, particularly fruit-specific genes potentially involved in fruit development. Additionally, we predicted the role of GRAS genes in regulating hypocotyl elongation under weak or dark light conditions in cucurbit plants. These findings enhance our understanding of the characteristics, evolution, and potential functions of GRAS genes in six cucurbit crops, providing valuable resources for genetic research in the Cucurbitaceae family as well as important agronomic traits.
    Keywords Benincasa hispida ; Lagenaria siceraria ; cucumbers ; evolution ; fruiting ; genome ; growth and development ; hypocotyls ; plant growth ; pumpkins ; watermelons
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0618
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2813983-5
    ISSN 2311-7524
    ISSN 2311-7524
    DOI 10.3390/horticulturae9060717
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  8. Article ; Online: Identification and functional characterization of conserved cis-regulatory elements responsible for early fruit development in cucurbit crops.

    Xin, Hongjia / Liu, Xin / Chai, Sen / Yang, Xueyong / Li, Hongbo / Wang, Bowen / Xu, Yuanchao / Lin, Shengnan / Zhong, Xiaoyun / Liu, Bin / Lu, Zefu / Zhang, Zhonghua

    The Plant cell

    2024  

    Abstract: A number of cis-regulatory elements (CREs) conserved during evolution have been found to be responsible for phenotypic novelty and variation. Cucurbit crops such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), melon (Cucumis melo) and ... ...

    Abstract A number of cis-regulatory elements (CREs) conserved during evolution have been found to be responsible for phenotypic novelty and variation. Cucurbit crops such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), melon (Cucumis melo) and squash (Cucurbita maxima) develop fruits from an inferior ovary and share some similar biological processes during fruit development. Whether conserved regulatory sequences play critical roles in fruit development of cucurbit crops remains to be explored. In six well-studied cucurbit species, we identified 392,438 conserved non-coding sequences (CNSs), including 82,756 that are specific to cucurbits, by comparative genomics. Genome-wide profiling of accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) and gene expression patterns mapped 20,865-43,204 ACRs and their potential target genes for two fruit tissues at two key developmental stages in six cucurbits. Integrated analysis of CNSs and ACRs revealed 4,431 syntenic orthologous CNSs, including 1,687 cucurbit-specific CNSs that overlap with ACRs that are present in all six cucurbit crops and that may regulate the expression of 757 adjacent orthologous genes. CRISPR mutations targeting two CNSs present in the 1,687 cucurbit-specific sequences resulted in substantially altered fruit shape and gene expression patterns of adjacent NAC1 (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2) and EXT-like (EXTENSIN-like) genes, validating the regulatory roles of these CNSs in fruit development. These results not only provide a number of target CREs for cucurbit crop improvement, but also provide insight into the roles of CREs in plant biology and during evolution.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 623171-8
    ISSN 1532-298X ; 1040-4651
    ISSN (online) 1532-298X
    ISSN 1040-4651
    DOI 10.1093/plcell/koae064
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Targeting and signaling of Rho of plants guanosine triphosphatases require synergistic interaction between guanine nucleotide inhibitor and vesicular trafficking.

    Ge, Fu-Rong / Chai, Sen / Li, Sha / Zhang, Yan

    Journal of integrative plant biology

    2020  Volume 62, Issue 10, Page(s) 1484–1499

    Abstract: Most eukaryotic cells are polarized. Common toolbox regulating cell polarization includes Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), in which spatiotemporal activation is regulated by a plethora of regulators. Rho of plants (ROPs) are the only Rho GTPases ... ...

    Abstract Most eukaryotic cells are polarized. Common toolbox regulating cell polarization includes Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), in which spatiotemporal activation is regulated by a plethora of regulators. Rho of plants (ROPs) are the only Rho GTPases in plants. Although vesicular trafficking was hinted in the regulation of ROPs, it was unclear where vesicle-carried ROP starts, whether it is dynamically regulated, and which components participate in vesicle-mediated ROP targeting. In addition, although vesicle trafficking and guanine nucleotide inhibitor (GDI) pathways in Rho signaling have been extensively studied in yeast, it is unknown whether the two pathways interplay. Unclear are also cellular and developmental consequences of their interaction in multicellular organisms. Here, we show that the dynamic targeting of ROP through vesicles requires coat protein complex II and ADP-ribosylation factor 1-mediated post-Golgi trafficking. Trafficking of vesicle-carried ROPs between the plasma membrane and the trans-Golgi network is mediated through adaptor protein 1 and sterol-mediated endocytosis. Finally, we show that GDI and vesicle trafficking synergistically regulate cell polarization and ROP targeting, suggesting that the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity is regulated by an evolutionarily conserved mechanism.
    MeSH term(s) Endosomes/metabolism ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; trans-Golgi Network/metabolism
    Chemical Substances rho GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-16
    Publishing country China (Republic : 1949- )
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2130095-1
    ISSN 1744-7909 ; 1672-9072
    ISSN (online) 1744-7909
    ISSN 1672-9072
    DOI 10.1111/jipb.12928
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Bridging science and technology through academic-industry partnerships

    Chai, Sen / Shih, Willy C

    Research policy : policy, management and economic studies of science, technology and innovation Vol. 45, No. 1 , p. 148-158

    2016  Volume 45, Issue 1, Page(s) 148–158

    Author's details Sen Chai, Willy Shih
    Keywords Economic development ; Technological change and growth ; Technological change ; Research and development ; Government policy
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing place Amsterdam [u.a.]
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 121149-3 ; 1491698-8
    ISSN 1873-7625 ; 0048-7333
    ISSN (online) 1873-7625
    ISSN 0048-7333
    Database ECONomics Information System

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