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Article ; Online: Reply.

Chambers, Emma S / Akbar, Arne N

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

2020 Volume 146, Issue 4, Page(s) 922–923

MeSH term(s)	Aging ; Humans ; Inflammation
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	121011-7
ISSN	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
ISSN (online)	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
ISSN	0091-6749
DOI	10.1016/j.jaci.2020.06.020
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Article ; Online: Can blocking inflammation enhance immunity during aging?

Chambers, Emma S / Akbar, Arne N

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

2020 Volume 145, Issue 5, Page(s) 1323–1331

Abstract: Aging is a global burden, and the increase in life span does not increase in parallel with health span. Therefore, older adults are currently living longer with chronic diseases, increased infections, and cancer. A characteristic of aging is the presence ...

Abstract	Aging is a global burden, and the increase in life span does not increase in parallel with health span. Therefore, older adults are currently living longer with chronic diseases, increased infections, and cancer. A characteristic of aging is the presence of chronic low-grade inflammation that is characterized by elevated concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein, which has been termed inflammaging. Previous studies have demonstrated that chronic inflammation interferes with T-cell response and macrophage function and is also detrimental for vaccine responses. This raises the question of whether therapeutic strategies that reduce inflammation may be useful for improving immunity in older adults. In this review we discuss the potential causes of inflammaging, the cellular source of the inflammatory mediators, and the mechanisms by which inflammation may inhibit immunity. Finally, we describe existing interventions that target inflammation that have been used to enhance immunity during aging.
MeSH term(s)	Aging/immunology ; Animals ; Humans ; Immunity ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Inflammation/immunology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	121011-7
ISSN	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
ISSN (online)	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
ISSN	0091-6749
DOI	10.1016/j.jaci.2020.03.016
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Article ; Online: Vitamin D

Sayegh, Souraya / Fantecelle, Carlos Henrique / Laphanuwat, Phatthamon / Subramanian, Priya / Rustin, Malcom H A / Gomes, Daniel C O / Akbar, Arne N / Chambers, Emma S

Aging cell

2024 Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) e14093

Abstract: ... Vitamin ... ...

Abstract	Vitamin D
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Aged ; Cellular Senescence/genetics ; Cholecalciferol/pharmacology ; Cholecalciferol/metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Aging ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; Immunity
Chemical Substances	Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41) ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; Inflammation Mediators
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2113083-8
ISSN	1474-9726 ; 1474-9718
ISSN (online)	1474-9726
ISSN	1474-9718
DOI	10.1111/acel.14093
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Article ; Online: The impact of ageing on monocytes and macrophages.

De Maeyer, Roel P H / Chambers, Emma S

Immunology letters

2020 Volume 230, Page(s) 1–10

Abstract: Ageing is a global burden. Increasing age is associated with increased incidence of infections and cancer and decreased vaccine efficacy. This increased morbidity observed with age, is believed to be due in part to a decline in adaptive immunity, termed ... ...

Abstract	Ageing is a global burden. Increasing age is associated with increased incidence of infections and cancer and decreased vaccine efficacy. This increased morbidity observed with age, is believed to be due in part to a decline in adaptive immunity, termed immunosenescence. However not all aspects of immunity decrease with age as ageing presents with systemic low grade chronic inflammation, characterised by elevated concentrations of mediators such as IL-6, TNFα and C Reactive protein (CRP). Inflammation is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality, and chronic inflammation is known to be detrimental to a functioning immune system. Although the source of the inflammation is much discussed, the key cells which are believed to facilitate the inflammageing phenomenon are the monocytes and macrophages. In this review we detail how macrophage and monocyte phenotype and function change with age. The impact of ageing on macrophages includes decreased phagocytosis and immune resolution, increased senescent-associated markers, increased inflammatory cytokine production, reduced autophagy, and a decrease in TLR expression. With monocytes there is an increase in circulating CD16
MeSH term(s)	Aging/physiology ; Animals ; Humans ; Immunosenescence ; Inflammation/immunology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Monocytes/immunology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	445150-8
ISSN	1879-0542 ; 0165-2478
ISSN (online)	1879-0542
ISSN	0165-2478
DOI	10.1016/j.imlet.2020.12.003
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Article: Reply

Chambers, Emma S / Akbar, Arne N

J Allergy Clin Immunol

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #812095
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Skin barrier immunity and ageing.

Chambers, Emma S / Vukmanovic-Stejic, Milica

Immunology

2019 Volume 160, Issue 2, Page(s) 116–125

Abstract: The skin is the outermost layer of the body with an extensive surface area of approximately 1·8 ... ...

Abstract	The skin is the outermost layer of the body with an extensive surface area of approximately 1·8 m
MeSH term(s)	Adipocytes/immunology ; Aging/immunology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Fibroblasts/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Incidence ; Keratinocytes/immunology ; Langerhans Cells/immunology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Microbiota/immunology ; Skin/cytology ; Skin/immunology ; Skin/microbiology ; Skin Diseases, Infectious/epidemiology ; Skin Diseases, Infectious/immunology ; Skin Diseases, Infectious/microbiology ; Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Skin Neoplasms/immunology ; Water Loss, Insensible/immunology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80124-0
ISSN	1365-2567 ; 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
ISSN (online)	1365-2567
ISSN	0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
DOI	10.1111/imm.13152
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Article ; Online: Exploring the Evidence for an Immunomodulatory Role of Vitamin D in Juvenile and Adult Rheumatic Disease.

Zou, Jiaqi / Thornton, Clare / Chambers, Emma S / Rosser, Elizabeth C / Ciurtin, Coziana

Frontiers in immunology

2021 Volume 11, Page(s) 616483

Abstract: Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin following exposure to UVB radiation or is directly absorbed from the diet. Following hydroxylation in the liver and kidneys, vitamin D becomes its bioactive form, 1,25(OH) ...

Abstract	Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin following exposure to UVB radiation or is directly absorbed from the diet. Following hydroxylation in the liver and kidneys, vitamin D becomes its bioactive form, 1,25(OH)
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/immunology ; Male ; Rheumatic Diseases/immunology ; Vitamin D/immunology
Chemical Substances	Immunologic Factors ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2020.616483
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Article ; Online: Cellular senescence as a possible link between prostate diseases of the ageing male.

Fiard, Gaelle / Stavrinides, Vasilis / Chambers, Emma S / Heavey, Susan / Freeman, Alex / Ball, Rhys / Akbar, Arne N / Emberton, Mark

Nature reviews. Urology

2021 Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) 597–610

Abstract: Senescent cells accumulate with age in all tissues. Although senescent cells undergo cell-cycle arrest, these cells remain metabolically active and their secretome - known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype - is responsible for a systemic ... ...

Abstract	Senescent cells accumulate with age in all tissues. Although senescent cells undergo cell-cycle arrest, these cells remain metabolically active and their secretome - known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype - is responsible for a systemic pro-inflammatory state, which contributes to an inflammatory microenvironment. Senescent cells can be found in the ageing prostate and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and can be linked to BPH and prostate cancer. Indeed, a number of signalling pathways provide biological plausibility for the role of senescence in both BPH and prostate cancer, although proving causality is difficult. The theory of senescence as a mechanism for prostate disease has a number of clinical implications and could offer opportunities for targeting in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Aging/immunology ; Aging/physiology ; Cellular Microenvironment/immunology ; Cellular Senescence/immunology ; Cellular Senescence/physiology ; Cytokines/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation/immunology ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Male ; Prostate/cytology ; Prostate/immunology ; Prostate/physiology ; Prostatic Diseases/immunology ; Prostatic Diseases/metabolism ; Prostatic Diseases/pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/immunology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/metabolism ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/immunology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype/immunology ; Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype/physiology ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
Chemical Substances	Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2493737-X
ISSN	1759-4820 ; 1759-4812
ISSN (online)	1759-4820
ISSN	1759-4812
DOI	10.1038/s41585-021-00496-8
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Article ; Online: Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial.

Jolliffe, David A / Vivaldi, Giulia / Chambers, Emma S / Cai, Weigang / Li, Wenhao / Faustini, Sian E / Gibbons, Joseph M / Pade, Corinna / Coussens, Anna K / Richter, Alex G / McKnight, Áine / Martineau, Adrian R

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 18

Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to associate with the impaired development of antigen-specific responses following vaccination. We aimed to determine whether vitamin D supplements might boost the immunogenicity and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

Abstract	Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to associate with the impaired development of antigen-specific responses following vaccination. We aimed to determine whether vitamin D supplements might boost the immunogenicity and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by conducting three sub-studies nested within the CORONAVIT randomised controlled trial, which investigated the effects of offering vitamin D supplements at a dose of 800 IU/day or 3200 IU/day vs. no offer on risk of acute respiratory infections in UK adults with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <75 nmol/L. Sub-study 1 (n = 2808) investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection following two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Sub-study 2 (n = 1853) investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on titres of combined IgG, IgA and IgM (IgGAM) anti-Spike antibodies in eluates of dried blood spots collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Sub-study 3 (n = 100) investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on neutralising antibody and cellular responses in venous blood samples collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In total, 1945/2808 (69.3%) sub-study 1 participants received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford−AstraZeneca); the remainder received two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer). Mean follow-up 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly elevated in the 800 IU/day vs. no-offer group (82.5 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 28.8 nmol/L, 95% CI 22.8−34.8) and in the 3200 IU/day vs. no offer group (105.4 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 51.7 nmol/L, 45.1−58.4). Vitamin D supplementation did not influence the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated participants (800 IU/day vs. no offer: adjusted hazard ratio 1.28, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.84; 3200 IU/day vs. no offer: 1.17, 0.81 to 1.70). Neither did it influence IgGAM anti-Spike titres, neutralising antibody titres or IFN-γ concentrations in the supernatants of S peptide-stimulated whole blood. In conclusion, vitamin D replacement at a dose of 800 or 3200 IU/day effectively elevated 25(OH)D concentrations, but it did not influence the protective efficacy or immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination when given to adults who had a sub-optimal vitamin D status at baseline.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 ; Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccine Efficacy ; Vitamin D ; Vitamins
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Vitamins ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (B5S3K2V0G8) ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14183821
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial

Jolliffe, David A. / Vivaldi, Giulia / Chambers, Emma S. / Cai, Weigang / Li, Wenhao / Faustini, Sian E. / Gibbons, Joseph M. / Pade, Corinna / Coussens, Anna K. / Richter, Alex G. / McKnight, Áine / Martineau, Adrian R.

Nutrients. 2022 Sept. 16, v. 14, no. 18

2022

Abstract	Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to associate with the impaired development of antigen-specific responses following vaccination. We aimed to determine whether vitamin D supplements might boost the immunogenicity and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by conducting three sub-studies nested within the CORONAVIT randomised controlled trial, which investigated the effects of offering vitamin D supplements at a dose of 800 IU/day or 3200 IU/day vs. no offer on risk of acute respiratory infections in UK adults with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <75 nmol/L. Sub-study 1 (n = 2808) investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection following two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Sub-study 2 (n = 1853) investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on titres of combined IgG, IgA and IgM (IgGAM) anti-Spike antibodies in eluates of dried blood spots collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Sub-study 3 (n = 100) investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on neutralising antibody and cellular responses in venous blood samples collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In total, 1945/2808 (69.3%) sub-study 1 participants received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca); the remainder received two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer). Mean follow-up 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly elevated in the 800 IU/day vs. no-offer group (82.5 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 28.8 nmol/L, 95% CI 22.8–34.8) and in the 3200 IU/day vs. no offer group (105.4 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 51.7 nmol/L, 45.1–58.4). Vitamin D supplementation did not influence the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated participants (800 IU/day vs. no offer: adjusted hazard ratio 1.28, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.84; 3200 IU/day vs. no offer: 1.17, 0.81 to 1.70). Neither did it influence IgGAM anti-Spike titres, neutralising antibody titres or IFN-γ concentrations in the supernatants of S peptide-stimulated whole blood. In conclusion, vitamin D replacement at a dose of 800 or 3200 IU/day effectively elevated 25(OH)D concentrations, but it did not influence the protective efficacy or immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination when given to adults who had a sub-optimal vitamin D status at baseline.
Keywords	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; antibodies ; blood ; hazard ratio ; immunogenicity ; risk ; vaccination ; vaccines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0916
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14183821
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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