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  1. Article ; Online: Characteristics of cases and deaths arising from SARS-CoV-2 infection in Zambia: March 2020 to April 2021.

    Chanda, Stephen Longa / Tembo, Emmanuel / Sinyange, Nyambe / Kayeyi, Nkomba / Musonda, Kunda / Chewe, Orbie / Kasonde, Mpanga / Kapona, Otridah / Ngomah, Albertina / Hamukale, Amos / Zulu, Paul Msanzya / Kapina, Muzala

    The Pan African medical journal

    2023  Volume 45, Page(s) 155

    Abstract: Introduction: since March 2020, Zambia has been experiencing a SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Little data has been reported on cases and deaths arising from COVID-19 in Africa. We described the demographic characteristics of these cases and deaths in Zambia.: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: since March 2020, Zambia has been experiencing a SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Little data has been reported on cases and deaths arising from COVID-19 in Africa. We described the demographic characteristics of these cases and deaths in Zambia.
    Methods: we analyzed data on all persons testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 from 18
    Results: a total 1,246 (1.36%) deaths were recorded among 91,378 confirmed cases during March 2020-April 2021 in Zambia. Persons who died were older than those who did not (median age 50 years versus 32.0 years, p< 0.001). Although only 4.7% of cases were among persons aged >60 years, most deaths (31.6%) occurred in this age group (p<0.001). More deaths (83.5%) occurred in the community than in health facilities (p<0.001).
    Conclusion: during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Zambia, most deaths occurred in the community, indicating potential gaps in public health messaging about COVID-19. Improving health-seeking behaviors for COVID-19 through public messaging campaigns and engaging key community stakeholders in Zambia might reduce avoidable mortality. As the group most impacted by COVID-19 mortality, older persons might need enhanced outreach and linkage to care.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Zambia/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Testing ; Contact Tracing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-10
    Publishing country Uganda
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2514347-5
    ISSN 1937-8688 ; 1937-8688
    ISSN (online) 1937-8688
    ISSN 1937-8688
    DOI 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.155.32018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 among persons living with HIV in Zambia: Analysis of three concurrent SARS-CoV-2 prevalence surveys conducted in July 2020 in six districts of Zambia

    Chanda, Stephen Longa / Sialubanje, Cephas / Nawa, Mukumbuta / Sinyange, Nyambe / Malambo, Warren / Zulu, James / Banda, Dabwitso / Zulu, Paul / Hines, Jonas

    medRxiv

    Abstract: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are a unique population because of their altered immune systems and taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) that may modify risk of SARS-CoV-2. Evidence from sub-Saharan African countries suggests that, despite not having ... ...

    Abstract People living with HIV (PLHIV) are a unique population because of their altered immune systems and taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) that may modify risk of SARS-CoV-2. Evidence from sub-Saharan African countries suggests that, despite not having higher SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence than HIV-negative persons, PLHIV suffer worse COVID-19 outcomes. We assessed the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 infection by HIV status in Zambia in July 2020. We analyzed data from three different concurrent SARS-CoV-2 prevalence surveys (household, outpatient-department, and health-worker) conducted in six districts of Zambia in July 2020. Information on demographics and medical history was collected. Nasopharyngeal swabs were used to screen for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) and blood specimens were screened for SARS-CoV-2 virus-specific antibodies using an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay (ELISA). Test-specific SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was calculated. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to measure test-specific adjusted odd ratios (aORs) of SARS-CoV-2 positivity by HIV status, controlling for demographic and medical history. We analysed the outcomes of the two different tests separately. Among 7,092 participants, 4,717 (66.5%) consented to blood-draw and 4,642 (65.5%) consented to nasopharyngeal swab. Overall SARS-CoV-2 positivity was 9.4% by PCR and 3.8% by ELISA. SARS-CoV-2 prevalence detected by PCR was higher among PLHIV than HIV-negative respondents (12.4% vs 9.1%, respectively, OR: 1.4, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.0-1.9) and lower by ELISA (1.9% vs 3.9%, respectively, OR: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2-0.9). Among PLHIV, not being on ART was an independent predictor of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity (aOR: 5.24,95% CI: 1.19-22.22) but did not have a significant effect on ELISA results. During the first COVID-19 wave in Zambia, PLHIV were more likely to be acutely infected with SARS-CoV-2 but less likely to be seropositive than participants without HIV. Intervention programs could focus on early access to COVID-19 vaccinations, testing and ART might reduce COVID-19 morbidity among PLHIV.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2023.10.10.23296849
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article ; Online: Author Correction: Using mortuary and burial data to place COVID-19 in Lusaka, Zambia within a global context.

    Sheppard, Richard J / Watson, Oliver J / Pieciak, Rachel / Lungu, James / Kwenda, Geoffrey / Moyo, Crispin / Chanda, Stephen Longa / Barnsley, Gregory / Brazeau, Nicholas F / Gerard-Ursin, Ines C G / Olivera Mesa, Daniela / Whittaker, Charles / Gregson, Simon / Okell, Lucy C / Ghani, Azra C / MacLeod, William B / Del Fava, Emanuele / Melegaro, Alessia / Hines, Jonas Z /
    Mulenga, Lloyd B / Walker, Patrick G T / Mwananyanda, Lawrence / Gill, Christopher J

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2213

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-44940-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Using mortuary and burial data to place COVID-19 in Lusaka, Zambia within a global context.

    Sheppard, Richard J / Watson, Oliver J / Pieciak, Rachel / Lungu, James / Kwenda, Geoffrey / Moyo, Crispin / Chanda, Stephen Longa / Barnsley, Gregory / Brazeau, Nicholas F / Gerard-Ursin, Ines C G / Olivera Mesa, Daniela / Whittaker, Charles / Gregson, Simon / Okell, Lucy C / Ghani, Azra C / MacLeod, William B / Del Fava, Emanuele / Melegaro, Alessia / Hines, Jonas Z /
    Mulenga, Lloyd B / Walker, Patrick G T / Mwananyanda, Lawrence / Gill, Christopher J

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 3840

    Abstract: Reported COVID-19 cases and associated mortality remain low in many sub-Saharan countries relative to global averages, but true impact is difficult to estimate given limitations around surveillance and mortality registration. In Lusaka, Zambia, burial ... ...

    Abstract Reported COVID-19 cases and associated mortality remain low in many sub-Saharan countries relative to global averages, but true impact is difficult to estimate given limitations around surveillance and mortality registration. In Lusaka, Zambia, burial registration and SARS-CoV-2 prevalence data during 2020 allow estimation of excess mortality and transmission. Relative to pre-pandemic patterns, we estimate age-dependent mortality increases, totalling 3212 excess deaths (95% CrI: 2104-4591), representing an 18.5% (95% CrI: 13.0-25.2%) increase relative to pre-pandemic levels. Using a dynamical model-based inferential framework, we find that these mortality patterns and SARS-CoV-2 prevalence data are in agreement with established COVID-19 severity estimates. Our results support hypotheses that COVID-19 impact in Lusaka during 2020 was consistent with COVID-19 epidemics elsewhere, without requiring exceptional explanations for low reported figures. For more equitable decision-making during future pandemics, barriers to ascertaining attributable mortality in low-income settings must be addressed and factored into discourse around reported impact differences.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Zambia/epidemiology ; Burial ; Pandemics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-39288-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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