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Article ; Online: Hormonal control of the crustacean molting gland: Insights from transcriptomics and proteomics.

Mykles, Donald L / Chang, Ernest S

2020 Volume 294, Page(s) 113493

Abstract: Endocrine control of molting in decapod crustaceans involves the eyestalk neurosecretory center (X-organ/sinus gland complex), regenerating limbs, and a pair of Y-organs (YOs), as molting is induced by eyestalk ablation or multiple leg autotomy and ... ...

Abstract	Endocrine control of molting in decapod crustaceans involves the eyestalk neurosecretory center (X-organ/sinus gland complex), regenerating limbs, and a pair of Y-organs (YOs), as molting is induced by eyestalk ablation or multiple leg autotomy and suspended in early premolt by limb bud autotomy. Molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) and crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), produced in the X-organ/sinus gland complex, inhibit the YO. The YO transitions through four physiological states over the molt cycle: basal in intermolt; activated in early premolt; committed in mid- and late premolt; and repressed in postmolt. We assembled the first comprehensive YO transcriptome over the molt cycle in the land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis, showing that as many as 23 signaling pathways may interact in controlling ecdysteroidogenesis. A proposed model of the MIH/cyclic nucleotide pathway, which maintains the basal YO, consists of cAMP/Ca
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brachyura/genetics ; Brachyura/metabolism ; Hormones/metabolism ; Molting/genetics ; Proteomics ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Transcriptome/genetics
Chemical Substances	Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	1851-x
ISSN	1095-6840 ; 0016-6480
ISSN (online)	1095-6840
ISSN	0016-6480
DOI	10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113493
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Article ; Online: Effects of molting on the expression of ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes in the Y-organ of the blackback land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis.

Benrabaa, Samiha A M / Chang, Sharon A / Chang, Ernest S / Mykles, Donald L

General and comparative endocrinology

2023 Volume 340, Page(s) 114304

Abstract: A pair of Y-organs (YOs) synthesize ecdysteroids that initiate and coordinate molting processes in decapod crustaceans. The YO converts cholesterol to secreted products through a biosynthetic pathway involving a Rieske oxygenase encoded by Neverland (Nvd) ...

Abstract	A pair of Y-organs (YOs) synthesize ecdysteroids that initiate and coordinate molting processes in decapod crustaceans. The YO converts cholesterol to secreted products through a biosynthetic pathway involving a Rieske oxygenase encoded by Neverland (Nvd) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases encoded by Halloween genes Spook (Spo; Cyp307a1), Phantom (Phm; Cyp306a1), Disembodied (Dib; Cyp302a1), and Shadow (Sad; Cyp315a1). NAD kinase (NADK) and 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) support ecdysteroid synthesis in insects. A 20-hydroxylase, encoded by Shed in decapods and Shade in insects, converts ecdysone to the active hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). 20E is inactivated by cytochrome P450 26-hydroxylase (Cyp18a1). Contigs encoding these eight proteins were extracted from a Gecarcinus lateralis YO transcriptome and their expression was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. mRNA levels of Gl-Spo and Gl-Phm were four orders of magnitude higher in YO than those in nine other tissues, while mRNA levels of Gl-NADK and Gl-ALAS were similar in all ten tissues. In G. lateralis induced to molt by multiple leg autotomy, YO mRNA levels of Gl-Nvd, Gl-Spo, Gl-Phm, Gl-NADK, and Gl-ALAS were highest in intermolt and premolt stages and lower in postmolt. Gl-Dib mRNA level was not affected by molt stage. mRNA level of Gl-Sad, which converts 2-deoxyecdysone to ecdysone, was higher in mid- and late premolt stages, when YO ecdysteroidogenic capacity is greatest. Gl-Cyp18a1 mRNA level was highest in intermolt, decreased in premolt stages, and was lowest in postmolt. In animals induced to molt by eyestalk ablation, YO mRNA levels of all eight genes were not correlated with increased hemolymph 20E titers. These results suggest that YO ecdysteroidogenic genes are differentially regulated at transcriptional and translational levels.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brachyura/genetics ; Brachyura/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Ecdysteroids/metabolism ; Molting/genetics ; Ecdysone ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Ecdysteroids ; Ecdysone (3604-87-3) ; RNA, Messenger
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1851-x
ISSN	1095-6840 ; 0016-6480
ISSN (online)	1095-6840
ISSN	0016-6480
DOI	10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114304
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 complicated by acute myocardial infarction with extensive thrombus burden and cardiogenic shock.

Harari, Rafael / Bangalore, Sripal / Chang, Ernest / Shah, Binita

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

2020 Volume 97, Issue 5, Page(s) E661–E666

Abstract: A patient with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) developed acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by extensive coronary thrombosis and cardiogenic shock. She underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and placement of a mechanical circulatory ... ...

Abstract	A patient with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) developed acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by extensive coronary thrombosis and cardiogenic shock. She underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and placement of a mechanical circulatory support device but subsequently died from shock. This report illustrates the challenges in managing patients with COVID-19, AMI, and cardiogenic shock.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Thrombosis/complications ; Coronary Thrombosis/diagnosis ; Electrocardiography ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction/complications ; Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Shock, Cardiogenic/diagnosis ; Shock, Cardiogenic/etiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1459995-8
ISSN	1522-726X ; 1522-1946
ISSN (online)	1522-726X
ISSN	1522-1946
DOI	10.1002/ccd.28992
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Article: Stressed-out lobsters: crustacean hyperglycemic hormone and stress proteins.

Chang, Ernest S

Integrative and comparative biology

2011 Volume 45, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–50

Abstract: Organisms in natural habitats must frequently respond to changes in their environments through various physiological mechanisms. My laboratory has developed several methods for the quantification of stress in crustaceans. An ELISA was developed for the ... ...

Abstract	Organisms in natural habitats must frequently respond to changes in their environments through various physiological mechanisms. My laboratory has developed several methods for the quantification of stress in crustaceans. An ELISA was developed for the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) from the American lobster (Homarus americanus). It is sensitive to as little as 0.2 fmol of peptide. Increases in hemolymph CHH were observed under conditions of acute hypoxia, elevated temperature, and altered salinity. In addition, elevated CHH concentrations were observed in Norway lobsters (Nephrops norvegicus) that were parasitized with the dinoflagellate Hematodinium sp.Stress proteins, also known as heat-shock proteins (HSPs), comprise a highly conserved class of proteins that display elevated transcription during periods of stress. Using homologous molecular probes, my collaborators and I have examined the influence of heat-shock, osmotic stress, and the molt cycle upon HSP expression at the protein and mRNA levels. We observed a significant elevation in HSP mRNA expression after 1 hr of heat-shock or after 0.5 hr of osmotic stress. When comparing claw and abdominal muscles during molting, we observed a tissue-specific HSP response. Quantification of these different stress responses may serve as early indicators of the degradation of environmental health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-05-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	201481-6
ISSN	1540-7063 ; 0003-1569
ISSN	1540-7063 ; 0003-1569
DOI	10.1093/icb/45.1.43
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Article ; Online: Deep Learning-Derived Myocardial Strain.

Kwan, Alan C / Chang, Ernest W / Jain, Ishan / Theurer, John / Tang, Xiu / Francisco, Nadia / Haddad, Francois / Liang, David / Fábián, Alexandra / Ferencz, Andrea / Yuan, Neal / Merkely, Béla / Siegel, Robert / Cheng, Susan / Kovács, Attila / Tokodi, Márton / Ouyang, David

JACC. Cardiovascular imaging

2024

Abstract: Background: Echocardiographic strain measurements require extensive operator experience and have significant intervendor variability. Creating an automated, open-source, vendor-agnostic method to retrospectively measure global longitudinal strain (GLS) ... ...

Abstract	Background: Echocardiographic strain measurements require extensive operator experience and have significant intervendor variability. Creating an automated, open-source, vendor-agnostic method to retrospectively measure global longitudinal strain (GLS) from standard echocardiography B-mode images would greatly improve post hoc research applications and may streamline patient analyses. Objectives: This study was seeking to develop an automated deep learning strain (DLS) analysis pipeline and validate its performance across multiple applications and populations. Methods: Interobserver/-vendor variation of traditional GLS, and simulated effects of variation in contour on speckle-tracking measurements were assessed. The DLS pipeline was designed to take semantic segmentation results from EchoNet-Dynamic and derive longitudinal strain by calculating change in the length of the left ventricular endocardial contour. DLS was evaluated for agreement with GLS on a large external dataset and applied across a range of conditions that result in cardiac hypertrophy. Results: In patients scanned by 2 sonographers using 2 vendors, GLS had an intraclass correlation of 0.29 (95% CI: -0.01 to 0.53, P = 0.03) between vendor measurements and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.48-0.74, P < 0.001) between sonographers. With minor changes in initial input contour, step-wise pixel shifts resulted in a mean absolute error of 3.48% and proportional strain difference of 13.52% by a 6-pixel shift. In external validation, DLS maintained moderate agreement with 2-dimensional GLS (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.56, P = 0.002) with a bias of -3.31% (limits of agreement: -11.65% to 5.02%). The DLS method showed differences (P < 0.0001) between populations with cardiac hypertrophy and had moderate agreement in a patient population of advanced cardiac amyloidosis: ICC was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.53-0.72), P < 0.001, with a bias of 0.57%, limits of agreement of -4.87% to 6.01% vs 2-dimensional GLS. Conclusions: The open-source DLS provides lower variation than human measurements and similar quantitative results. The method is rapid, consistent, vendor-agnostic, publicly released, and applicable across a wide range of imaging qualities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2491503-8
ISSN	1876-7591 ; 1936-878X
ISSN (online)	1876-7591
ISSN	1936-878X
DOI	10.1016/j.jcmg.2024.01.011
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Article: COVID-19 complicated by acute myocardial infarction with extensive thrombus burden and cardiogenic shock

Harari, Rafael / Bangalore, Sripal / Chang, Ernest / Shah, Binita

Catheter. cardiovasc. interv

Abstract	A patient with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) developed acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by extensive coronary thrombosis and cardiogenic shock. She underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and placement of a mechanical circulatory support device but subsequently died from shock. This report illustrates the challenges in managing patients with COVID-19, AMI, and cardiogenic shock.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #306151
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: COVID ‐19 complicated by acute myocardial infarction with extensive thrombus burden and cardiogenic shock

Harari, Rafael / Bangalore, Sripal / Chang, Ernest / Shah, Binita

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions ; ISSN 1522-1946 1522-726X

2020

Keywords	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging ; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ; General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1002/ccd.28992
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An Anterior Second Heart Field Enhancer Regulates the Gene Regulatory Network of the Cardiac Outflow Tract.

Yamaguchi, Naoko / Chang, Ernest W / Lin, Ziyan / Shekhar, Akshay / Bu, Lei / Khodadadi-Jamayran, Alireza / Tsirigos, Aristotelis / Cen, Yiyun / Phoon, Colin K L / Moskowitz, Ivan P / Park, David S

Circulation

2023 Volume 148, Issue 21, Page(s) 1705–1722

Abstract: Background: Conotruncal defects due to developmental abnormalities of the outflow tract (OFT) are an important cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Dysregulation of transcriptional programs tuned by NKX2-5 (NK2 homeobox 5), GATA6 (GATA binding ... ...

Abstract	Background: Conotruncal defects due to developmental abnormalities of the outflow tract (OFT) are an important cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Dysregulation of transcriptional programs tuned by NKX2-5 (NK2 homeobox 5), GATA6 (GATA binding protein 6), and TBX1 (T-box transcription factor 1) have been implicated in abnormal OFT morphogenesis. However, there remains no consensus on how these transcriptional programs function in a unified gene regulatory network within the OFT. Methods: We generated mice harboring a 226-nucleotide deletion of a highly conserved cardiac enhancer containing 2 GATA-binding sites located ≈9.4 kb upstream of the transcription start site of Results: Nkx2-5 Conclusions: Our results using human and mouse models reveal an essential gene regulatory network of the OFT that requires an anterior second heart field enhancer to link GATA6 with NKX2-5-dependent rotation and septation gene programs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5/genetics ; Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5/metabolism ; Mice, Transgenic ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Heart ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Chemical Substances	Transcription Factors ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80099-5
ISSN	1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
ISSN	0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
DOI	10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065700
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Article ; Online: Contrasting Ionic Mechanisms of Impaired Conduction in

Santucci, John / Park, David S / Shekhar, Akshay / Lin, Xianming / Bu, Lei / Yamaguchi, Naoko / Mintz, Shana / Chang, Ernest Whanwook / Khodadadi-Jamayran, Alireza / Redel-Traub, Gabriel / Goldfarb, Mitchell / Fishman, Glenn I

Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology

2022 Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e011296

MeSH term(s)	Action Potentials ; Heart ; Heart Conduction System ; Heart Rate
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2426129-4
ISSN	1941-3084 ; 1941-3149
ISSN (online)	1941-3084
ISSN	1941-3149
DOI	10.1161/CIRCEP.122.011296
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Article ; Online: Regulation of crustacean molting: a review and our perspectives.

Chang, Ernest S / Mykles, Donald L

General and comparative endocrinology

2011 Volume 172, Issue 3, Page(s) 323–330

Abstract: Molting is a highly complex process that requires precise coordination to be successful. We describe the early classical endocrinological experiments that elucidated the hormones and glands responsible for this process. We then describe the more recent ... ...

Abstract	Molting is a highly complex process that requires precise coordination to be successful. We describe the early classical endocrinological experiments that elucidated the hormones and glands responsible for this process. We then describe the more recent experiments that have provided information on the cellular and molecular aspects of molting. In addition to providing a review of the scientific literature, we have also included our perspectives.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Crustacea/anatomy & histology ; Crustacea/growth & development ; Crustacea/physiology ; Ecdysteroids/blood ; Hemolymph/metabolism ; Molting/physiology ; Neuropeptides/metabolism ; Neuropeptides/physiology ; Signal Transduction
Chemical Substances	Ecdysteroids ; Neuropeptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	1851-x
ISSN	1095-6840 ; 0016-6480
ISSN (online)	1095-6840
ISSN	0016-6480
DOI	10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.04.003
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