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  1. Article: Botulinum Toxin A as an Adjunct for the Repair Giant Inguinal Hernias: Case Reports and a Review of the Literature.

    Huerta, Sergio / Raj, Roma / Chang, Jonathan

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 7

    Abstract: The management of giant inguinoscrotal hernias remains a challenge as a result of the loss of the intra-abdominal domain from long-standing hernia contents within the scrotum. Multiple techniques have been described for abdominal wall relaxation and ... ...

    Abstract The management of giant inguinoscrotal hernias remains a challenge as a result of the loss of the intra-abdominal domain from long-standing hernia contents within the scrotum. Multiple techniques have been described for abdominal wall relaxation and augmentation to allow the safe return of viscera from the scrotum to the intraperitoneal cavity without adversely affecting cardiorespiratory physiology. Preoperative progressive pneumoperitoneum, phrenectomy, and component separation are but a few common techniques previously described as adjuncts to the management of these massively large hernias. However, these strategies require an additional invasive stage, and reproducibility remains challenging. Botulinum toxin A (BTA) has been successfully used for the management of complex ventral hernias. Its use for these hernias has shown reproducibility and a low side effect profile. In the present report, we describe our institutional experience with BTA for giant inguinal hernias in two patients and present a review of the literature. In one case, a 77-year-old man with a substantial cardiac history presented with a giant left inguinal hernia that was interfering with his activities of daily living. He had BTA six weeks prior to inguinal hernia repair. Repair was performed via an inguinal incision with a favorable return of the viscera into the peritoneum. He was discharged on the same day of the operation. A second patient, 78 years of age, had a giant right inguinoscrotal hernia. He had a significant cardiac history and was treated with BTA six weeks prior to inguinal hernia repair via a groin incision. Neither patient had complaints nor recurrence at 7- and 3-month follow-ups. While the literature on this topic is scarce, we found 13 cases of inguinal hernias treated with BTA as an adjunct. BTA might be a promising adjunct for the management of giant inguinoscrotal hernias in addition to or in place of current strategies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm13071879
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A Case of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

    Maganti, Nenita / Crabtree, Gordon S / Chang, Jonathan S / Schildroth, Kathleen R

    Retinal cases & brief reports

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of granulocytes, caused the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. While ocular manifestations of CML are rare, the presentations can range from ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of granulocytes, caused the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. While ocular manifestations of CML are rare, the presentations can range from asymptomatic to sudden vision loss. CML associated ocular findings that have been reported include retinal hemorrhages, leukemic infiltrates, and optic disc edema, but a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the setting of CML has not been described.
    Methods: Case report.
    Results: A 21-year-old man presented with intermittent vision loss in his right eye, tinnitus in the right ear, and abdominal distension. Work up revealed significant leukocytosis, splenomegaly, and a positive BCR-ABL1 mutation. He was diagnosed with CML and started on systemic therapy. Exam of the right eye revealed a large intraocular mass. After two weeks of systemic treatment, the large elevation in the right eye had improved, allowing visualization of diffuse subretinal whitening. At follow up, an RRD secondary to an atrophic hole in an area of prior subretinal infiltrates were noted. He underwent repair with a scleral buckle. Postoperative course was complicated by redetachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy, which led to an unrepairable detachment, despite multiple surgeries with silicone oil tamponade.
    Conclusions: Ocular findings related to CML are rare, with the lowest incidence when compared to other leukemias, and are associated with worse outcomes. Posterior segment findings include intraretinal hemorrhages, Roth spots, and retinal infiltrates. This unique case describes an RRD in CML retinopathy with an aggressive course and poor anatomical result.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1937-1578
    ISSN (online) 1937-1578
    DOI 10.1097/ICB.0000000000001562
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: DIS3L2 ribonuclease degrades terminal-uridylated RNA to ensure oocyte maturation and female fertility.

    Wu, Di / Pedroza, Monique / Chang, Jonathan / Dean, Jurrien

    Nucleic acids research

    2023  Volume 51, Issue 7, Page(s) 3078–3093

    Abstract: During oocyte development in mice, transcripts accumulate in the growth phase and are subsequently degraded during maturation. At the transition point between growth and maturation, oocytes have an intact nucleus or germinal vesicle (GV), and terminal ... ...

    Abstract During oocyte development in mice, transcripts accumulate in the growth phase and are subsequently degraded during maturation. At the transition point between growth and maturation, oocytes have an intact nucleus or germinal vesicle (GV), and terminal uridylation labels RNA for degradation in meiosis I. By profiling the transcriptome using single-oocyte long-read PacBio RNA sequencing, we document that a small cohort of mRNAs are polyadenylated after terminal uridylation in GV oocytes [designated uridylated-poly(A) RNA]. Because DIS3L2 ribonuclease is known to degrade uridylated transcripts, we established oocyte-specific Dis3l2 knockout mice (Dis3l2cKO). Upon DIS3L2 depletion, uridylated-poly(A) RNAs remain intact which increases their abundance, and they predominate in the transcriptome of Dis3l2cKO oocytes. The abundance of uridylated-poly(A) RNA in Dis3l2cKO oocytes arises not only from insufficient degradation, but also from the stabilizing effect of subsequent polyadenylation. Uridylated-poly(A) RNAs have shorter poly(A) tails and their translation activity decreases in Dis3l2cKO oocytes. Almost all Dis3l2cKO oocytes arrest at the GV stage, and female mice are infertile. Our study demonstrates multiple fates for RNA after terminal uridylation and highlights the role of DIS3L2 ribonuclease in safeguarding the transcriptome and ensuring female fertility.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Mice ; Fertility ; Oocytes/metabolism ; RNA/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Exoribonucleases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances RNA (63231-63-0) ; RNA, Messenger ; Dis3l2 protein, mouse (EC 3.1.-) ; Exoribonucleases (EC 3.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gkad061
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Management of Complications and Vision Loss from Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

    Crabtree, Gordon S / Chang, Jonathan S

    Current diabetes reports

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 9, Page(s) 33

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Diabetes can be associated with profound visual loss due to several mechanisms. As the duration of diabetes and blood glucose levels increase, these changes become more severe. The proliferation of new blood vessels, vitreous ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Diabetes can be associated with profound visual loss due to several mechanisms. As the duration of diabetes and blood glucose levels increase, these changes become more severe. The proliferation of new blood vessels, vitreous hemorrhage, and tractional retinal detachments may ultimately result and can be devastating to visual function. New advances, including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications and innovative microsurgical instruments, have provided additional methods for the management of diabetic retinopathy in the clinic and in the operating room, leading to improved outcomes.
    Recent findings: Advances in earlier treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, especially with anti-VEGF injections, allow for a reduction in severity, improved vision, and more controlled and successful surgery. Modern surgical techniques and instrumentation have also allowed for improved patient outcomes. Future research into sustained delivery and release of anti-VEGF, reducing the need for frequent in-office injections, may prove to be additionally beneficial. Over the last decade, anti-VEGF has become an increasingly common treatment modality for the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, vitreous hemorrhages, and tractional retinal detachments. Further research is needed to determine the ideal method of delivery and timing of the treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Retinopathy/drug therapy ; Diabetic Retinopathy/surgery ; Humans ; Retinal Detachment ; Vision Disorders ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2065167-3
    ISSN 1539-0829 ; 1534-4827
    ISSN (online) 1539-0829
    ISSN 1534-4827
    DOI 10.1007/s11892-021-01396-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Ocular Emergencies During the Coronavirus Disease 'Safer at Home Order' in Wisconsin.

    Maganti, Nenita / Huang, Leslie / Banghart, Mark / Channa, Roomasa / Chang, Jonathan S / van Landingham, Suzanne W

    WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin

    2024  Volume 122, Issue 5, Page(s) 331–336

    Abstract: Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic created large shifts in utilization of hospital resources, patient presentations, and delivery of medical care.: Objectives: This retrospective study evaluated the ocular emergencies at a tertiary-care academic ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic created large shifts in utilization of hospital resources, patient presentations, and delivery of medical care.
    Objectives: This retrospective study evaluated the ocular emergencies at a tertiary-care academic hospital in Wisconsin during the COVID-19-related "Safer at Home" order.
    Methods: Ophthalmology consultations performed March 23 through May 26, 2020, were compared to the same time period in the 4 preceding years and the subsequent year. Billing codes were obtained to evaluate the diagnoses and procedures performed during this time frame.
    Results: In 2020, 155 consultations were performed (42 emergency department, 113 inpatient), compared to a mean of 214 over the 5 other study years. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of total consultations in 2020 was 0.72 (
    Conclusions: This study demonstrated a 28% reduction in ophthalmology consultations at a major university hospital in Wisconsin during the COVID-19-related "Safer at Home" order, though the number of consultations leading to surgery were stable. This suggests that while patients with less acute needs may have deferred care, those requiring urgent surgery still presented to the emergency department. These data may help hospitals appropriately allocate eye care resources during future public health emergencies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Wisconsin/epidemiology ; Emergencies ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Referral and Consultation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 441051-8
    ISSN 2379-3961 ; 0043-6542 ; 1098-1861
    ISSN (online) 2379-3961
    ISSN 0043-6542 ; 1098-1861
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Trends in pediatric prescription-opioid overdoses in U.S. emergency departments from 2008-2020: An epidemiologic study of pediatric opioid overdose ED visits.

    Lu, Audrey / Armstrong, Megan / Alexander, Robin / Vest, Eurella / Chang, Jonathan / Zhu, Motao / Xiang, Henry

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e0299163

    Abstract: Background: Opioid overdose was declared a public health emergency in the United States, but much of the focus has been on adults. Child and adolescent exposure and access to unused prescription-opioid medications is a big concern. More research is ... ...

    Abstract Background: Opioid overdose was declared a public health emergency in the United States, but much of the focus has been on adults. Child and adolescent exposure and access to unused prescription-opioid medications is a big concern. More research is needed on the trend of pediatric (age 0-17) prescription-opioid overdose emergency department (ED) visits in the United States, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic year.
    Methods: This retrospective epidemiological study used the 2008-2020 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to provide a national estimate of ED visits related to prescription-opioid overdose. Inclusion criteria were 0-17-year-old patients treated at the ED due to prescription-opioid overdose. Eligible visits were identified if their medical records included any administrative billing codes for prescription-opioid overdose. National estimates were broken down by age groups, sex, geographic region, primary payer, median household income by zip code, ED disposition, and hospital location/teaching status. Incidence rate per 100,000 U.S. children was calculated for age groups, sex, and geographic region.
    Results: Overall, the prescription-opioid overdose ED visits for patients from 0-17 years old in the United States decreased by 22% from 2008 to 2019, then increased by 12% in 2020. Most patients were discharged to home following their ED visit; however, there was a 42% increase in patients admitted from 2019 to 2020. The prescription-opioid overdose rate per 100,000 U.S. children was highest in the 0 to 1 and 12 to 17 age groups, with the 12 to 17 group increasing by 27% in 2020. ED visits in the West and Midwest saw prescription-opioid visits increase by 58% and 20%, respectively, from 2019-2020.
    Conclusions: Prescription-opioid overdose ED visits among U.S. children and adolescents decreased over the past decade until 2019. However, there was a substantial increase in ED visits from 2019 to 2020, suggesting the potential impact due to the then-emerging COVID-19 pandemic. Findings suggest focusing on young children and adolescents to reduce further prescription-opioid overdoses in the United States.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Adolescent ; Humans ; United States ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Opiate Overdose/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Pandemics ; Drug Overdose/epidemiology ; Prescription Drugs ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Prescriptions ; COVID-19/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Prescription Drugs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0299163
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Vitrectomy With Sequential Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling and Flap Formation in Closure of a Large, Traumatic Macular Hole.

    Brown, Jeffrey A / Chang, Jonathan S

    Journal of vitreoretinal diseases

    2020  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 77–80

    Abstract: Purpose: We report the use of sequential vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) flaps in closure of a chronic, large, traumatic macular hole (MH) in a 32-year-old male patient.: Methods: The patient underwent vitrectomy using a sequential ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: We report the use of sequential vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) flaps in closure of a chronic, large, traumatic macular hole (MH) in a 32-year-old male patient.
    Methods: The patient underwent vitrectomy using a sequential ILM flap technique.
    Results: This sequential ILM flap technique resulted in complete closure of the MH and improvement in visual acuity. In this case, a second ILM flap procedure allowed for successful closure of a traumatic MH.
    Conclusions: This case suggests that the MH's closure may have been facilitated by both relief of tangential traction on the retina as well as glial tissue proliferation from presence of the ILM flap.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2474-1272
    ISSN (online) 2474-1272
    DOI 10.1177/2474126420939715
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Using Unsupervised Clustering to Identify Pregnancy Co-Morbidities.

    Chang, Jonathan / Sarkar, Indra Neil

    AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science

    2019  Volume 2019, Page(s) 305–314

    Abstract: Absent a priori knowledge, unsupervised techniques identify meaningful clusters that can form the basis for subsequent analyses. This study explored the problem of inferring comorbidity-based profiles of complex diseases through unsupervised clustering ... ...

    Abstract Absent a priori knowledge, unsupervised techniques identify meaningful clusters that can form the basis for subsequent analyses. This study explored the problem of inferring comorbidity-based profiles of complex diseases through unsupervised clustering methodologies. This study first considered the K-Modes algorithm, followed by, the self organizing map (SOM) technique to extract co-morbidity based clusters from a healthcare discharge dataset. After validation of general cluster composition for diabetes mellitus, co-morbidity based clusters were identified for pregnancy. The SOM technique was found to infer distinct clusterings of pregnancy ranging from normal birth to preterm birth, and potentially interesting comorbidities that could be validated by published literature The promising results suggest that the SOM technique is a valuable unsupervised clustering method for discovering co-morbidity based clusters.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2676378-3
    ISSN 2153-4063
    ISSN 2153-4063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The Physician Payments Sunshine Act: data evaluation regarding payments to ophthalmologists.

    Chang, Jonathan S

    Ophthalmology

    2015  Volume 122, Issue 4, Page(s) 656–661

    Abstract: Purpose: To review data for ophthalmologists published online from the Physician Payments Sunshine Act.: Design: Retrospective data review using data acquired from a publicly available electronic database.: Methods: A database was downloaded from ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To review data for ophthalmologists published online from the Physician Payments Sunshine Act.
    Design: Retrospective data review using data acquired from a publicly available electronic database.
    Methods: A database was downloaded from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services website under Identified General Payments to Physicians and a primary specialty of ophthalmology. Basic statistical analysis was performed including mean, median, and range of payments for both single payments and per provider.
    Main outcome measures: Data summary by category of payment and geographic region and comparison with other surgical subspecialties.
    Results: From August 1, 2013, through December 31, 2013, a total of 55 996 individual payments were reported to 9855 ophthalmologists for a total of $10 926 447. The mean amount received in a single payment was $195.13 (range, $0.04-$193 073). The mean amount received per physician identifier (ID) was $1108 (range, $1-$397 849), and the median amount was $112.01. Consulting fees made up the largest percentage of fees. There was not a large difference in payments received by region. The mean payments for the subspecialties of dermatology, neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, and urology ranged from $954 to $6980, and median payments in each field by physician ID ranged from $88 to $173.
    Conclusions: A large amount of data were released by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services for the Physician Payment Sunshine Act. In ophthalmology, mean and median payments per physician did not vary greatly from other surgical subspecialties. Most single payments were less than $100, and most physicians received less than $500 in total payments. Payments for consulting made up the largest category of spending. How this affects patient perception, patient care, and medical costs warrants further study.
    MeSH term(s) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (U.S.)/statistics & numerical data ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Industry/economics ; Gift Giving ; Humans ; Ophthalmology/economics ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act/legislation & jurisprudence ; Retrospective Studies ; Truth Disclosure ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392083-5
    ISSN 1549-4713 ; 0161-6420
    ISSN (online) 1549-4713
    ISSN 0161-6420
    DOI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.11.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Contracting scars from fibrin drops.

    Robinson, Stephen / Parigoris, Eric / Chang, Jonathan / Hecker, Louise / Takayama, Shuichi

    Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–12

    Abstract: This paper describes a microscale fibroplasia and contraction model that is based on fibrin-embedded lung fibroblasts and provides a convenient visual readout of fibrosis. Cell-laden fibrin microgel drops are formed by aqueous two-phase microprinting. ... ...

    Abstract This paper describes a microscale fibroplasia and contraction model that is based on fibrin-embedded lung fibroblasts and provides a convenient visual readout of fibrosis. Cell-laden fibrin microgel drops are formed by aqueous two-phase microprinting. The cells deposit extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules such as collagen while fibrin is gradually degraded. Ultimately, the cells contract the collagen-rich matrix to form a compact cell-ECM spheroid. The size of the spheroid provides the visual readout of the extent of fibroplasia. Stimulation of this wound-healing model with the profibrotic cytokine TGF-β1 leads to an excessive scar formation response that manifests as increased collagen production and larger cell-ECM spheroids. Addition of drugs also shifted the scarring profile: the FDA-approved fibrosis drugs (nintedanib and pirfenidone) and a PAI-1 inhibitor (TM5275) significantly reduced cell-ECM spheroid size. Not only is the assay useful for evaluation of antifibrotic drug effects, it is relatively sensitive; one of the few in vitro fibroplasia assays that can detect pirfenidone effects at submillimolar concentrations. Although this paper focuses on lung fibrosis, the approach opens opportunities for studying a broad range of fibrotic diseases and for evaluating antifibrotic therapeutics.
    MeSH term(s) Cells, Cultured ; Cicatrix ; Collagen/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibrin ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Fibrin (9001-31-4) ; Collagen (9007-34-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2480063-6
    ISSN 1757-9708 ; 1757-9694
    ISSN (online) 1757-9708
    ISSN 1757-9694
    DOI 10.1093/intbio/zyac001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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