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Article: COVID-19 Illness Severity in the Elderly in Relation to Vegetarian and Non-vegetarian Diets: A Single-Center Experience.

Hou, Yi-Cheng / Su, Wen-Lin / Chao, You-Chen

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 837458

Abstract: The first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Taiwan occurred in May 2021. The risk for and severity of this disease vary and are highly dependent on personal habits and comorbidities. Moreover, the gut microbiome, which may be ... ...

Abstract	The first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Taiwan occurred in May 2021. The risk for and severity of this disease vary and are highly dependent on personal habits and comorbidities. Moreover, the gut microbiome, which may be affected by diet, is highly susceptible with regard to the risk and severity of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. The relationship between dietary habits, nutritional status, and the effects of these factors on the immune system in the context of a global pandemic is an extremely important topic of immediate concern. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore the effect of vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets on COVID-19 severity during the pandemic. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of 509 patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 at a single medical center between May 2021 and August 2021. Patients were divided into three groups according to disease severity. For patients aged ≥65 years, COVID-19 symptom severity was statistically significantly and inversely associated with the adherence to a vegetarian diet (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2022.837458
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 and the lungs: A review.

Su, Wen-Lin / Lu, Kuo-Cheng / Chan, Chih-Yu / Chao, You-Chen

Journal of infection and public health

2021 Volume 14, Issue 11, Page(s) 1708–1714

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) attacks pulmonary alveolar cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and causes pulmonary infections that result in coronavirus disease (COVID-19), inducing immune responses ... ...

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) attacks pulmonary alveolar cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and causes pulmonary infections that result in coronavirus disease (COVID-19), inducing immune responses that can result in severe pneumonia. We reviewed the clinical experiences of lung diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic to offer insights into the adaptations made by experts in the diagnosis and treatment of these comorbidities. Various lung comorbidities increase the severity of COVID-19 and associated mortality by amplifying ACE2 expression. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the use of routine diagnostic pulmonary imaging methods, making chest sonography scoring the most convenient, as it can be conducted bedside. Treatment protocols for SARS-CoV-2 infection and the underlying lung diseases are also affected owing to potential interactions. The optimal diagnostic methods and treatment protocols for lung diseases have been adapted worldwide to increase survival rates and attenuate acute lung injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2467587-8
ISSN	1876-035X ; 1876-0341
ISSN (online)	1876-035X
ISSN	1876-0341
DOI	10.1016/j.jiph.2021.09.024
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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of Booster and Influenza Vaccines against COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers, Taiwan.

Sim, Jun Yi / Wu, Ping-Sheng / Cheng, Ching-Feng / Chao, You-Chen / Yu, Chun-Hsien

Emerging infectious diseases

2022 Volume 28, Issue 10, Page(s) 2126–2130

Abstract: Among previously uninfected healthcare workers in Taiwan, mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccine was associated with lower odds of COVID-19 after primary recombinant vaccine. Symptom-triggered testing revealed that tetravalent influenza vaccine was associated ... ...

Abstract	Among previously uninfected healthcare workers in Taiwan, mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccine was associated with lower odds of COVID-19 after primary recombinant vaccine. Symptom-triggered testing revealed that tetravalent influenza vaccine was associated with higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 vaccination continues to be most effective against SARS-CoV-2.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; RNA, Messenger ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Taiwan/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Influenza Vaccines ; RNA, Messenger
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1380686-5
ISSN	1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
ISSN (online)	1080-6059
ISSN	1080-6040
DOI	10.3201/eid2810.221134
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Article ; Online: Hypnotics and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Peng, Tzu-Rong / Yang, Li-Jou / Wu, Ta-Wei / Chao, You-Chen

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

2020 Volume 56, Issue 10

Abstract: Background and ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Anxiety Agents ; Benzodiazepines ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Neoplasms/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Anxiety Agents ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina56100513
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Article ; Online: Effect of Probiotics on the Glucose Levels of Pregnant Women: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Peng, Tzu-Rong / Wu, Ta-Wei / Chao, You-Chen

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

2018 Volume 54, Issue 5

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Blood Glucose ; Diabetes, Gestational/blood ; Diabetes, Gestational/diet therapy ; Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Homeostasis/physiology ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/prevention & control ; Insulin/blood ; Insulin Resistance/physiology ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology ; Pregnancy ; Probiotics/administration & dosage ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Insulin
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina54050077
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Article: Efficacy and Safety of Complementary Therapy With Jing Si Herbal Tea in Patients With Mild-To-Moderate COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Hsieh, Po-Chun / Chao, You-Chen / Tsai, Kuo-Wang / Li, Chung-Hsien / Tzeng, I-Shiang / Wu, Yao-Kuang / Shih, Cheng Yen

Frontiers in nutrition

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 832321

Abstract: Background: Since late 2019, there has been a global COVID-19 pandemic. To preserve medical capacity and decrease adverse health effects, preventing the progression of COVID-19 to severe status is essential. Jing-Si Herbal Tea (JSHT), a novel ... ...

Abstract	Background: Since late 2019, there has been a global COVID-19 pandemic. To preserve medical capacity and decrease adverse health effects, preventing the progression of COVID-19 to severe status is essential. Jing-Si Herbal Tea (JSHT), a novel traditional Chinese medicine formula was developed to treat COVID-19. This study examined the clinical efficacy and safety of JSHT in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 260 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. The enrolled patients were divided into the JSHT ( Results: Compared with standard management alone, JSHT combined with standard management more effectively improved the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold value, C-reactive protein level, and Brixia score in the adult patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, especially in the male and older patients (those aged ≥60 years). The results revealed that the patients treated with JSHT combined with standard management had 51, 70, and 100% lower risks of intubation, Medisave Care Unit admission, and mortality compared with those receiving standard management only. Conclusions: JSHT combined with standard management more effectively reduced the SARS-CoV-2 viral load and systemic inflammation and alleviated lung infiltrates in the patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, especially in the male and older patients (those aged ≥60 years). JSHT combined with standard management may prevent critical status and mortality in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. JSHT is a promising complementary therapy for patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2022.832321
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Article ; Online: The effects of proactive approach and integrated medical care on psychological distress in hospitalized patients: A single center experience.

Wu, Chiu-Feng / Lin, Ting-Yun / Liu, Yi-Ting / Tzeng, I-Shiang / Wu, Fang-Chien / Lin, Chia-Te / Chao, You-Chen

Perspectives in psychiatric care

2022 Volume 58, Issue 4, Page(s) 2935–2941

Abstract: Purpose: Psychological distress is common among patients with acute diseases and is associated with a poorer prognosis. Early detection and intervention are important for high-risk individuals.: Design and methods: This retrospective study used the ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Psychological distress is common among patients with acute diseases and is associated with a poorer prognosis. Early detection and intervention are important for high-risk individuals. Design and methods: This retrospective study used the five-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5) to assess psychological distress and evaluate whether proactive intervention may reduce distress levels among hospitalized patients in a single medical center in northern Taiwan. Findings: Of the patients, 10.7% were found to have varying degrees of emotional distress (BSRS-5 ≥ 6). After providing integrated medical care for patients with psychological distress, the degree of stress decreased significantly (p < 0.001). These results were consistent across subgroups. Practice implications: The results highlight that proactive assessment and appropriate interventions may reduce patients' psychological distress during their course of hospitalization.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stress, Psychological/therapy ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Retrospective Studies ; Psychological Distress ; Patients ; Hospitalization
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391097-0
ISSN	1744-6163 ; 0031-5990
ISSN (online)	1744-6163
ISSN	0031-5990
DOI	10.1111/ppc.13144
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Article: Novel Molecular Evidence Related to COVID-19 in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

Liao, Yu-Huang / Zheng, Jing-Quan / Zheng, Cai-Mei / Lu, Kuo-Cheng / Chao, You-Chen

Journal of clinical medicine

2020 Volume 9, Issue 12

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. The hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) substantially compromises their innate ... ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. The hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) substantially compromises their innate immune system. SARS-CoV-2 uses human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors to enter the affected cell. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia-induced glycosylation of ACE2 and the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 could facilitate the binding of S protein to ACE2, enabling viral entry. Downregulation of ACE2 activity secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection, with consequent accumulation of angiotensin II and metabolites, eventually leads to poor outcomes. The altered binding of ACE2 with SARS-CoV-2 and the compromised innate immunity of patients with DM increase their susceptibility to COVID-19; COVID-19 induces pancreatic β-cell injury and poor glycemic control, which further compromises the immune response and aggravates hyperglycemia and COVID-19 progression, forming a vicious cycle. Sequential cleavage of viral S protein by furin and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) triggers viral entry to release the viral genome into the target cell. Hence, TMPRSS2 and furin are possible drug targets. As type 1 DM exhibits a Th1-driven autoimmune process, the relatively lower mortality of COVID-19 in type 1 DM compared to type 2 DM might be attributed to an imbalance between Th1 and Th2 immunity. The anti-inflammatory effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor may benefit patients with DM and COVID-19. The potential protective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), including reduction in lactate level, prevention of lowering of cytosolic pH and reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels may justify the provision of SGLT2i to patients with DM and mild or asymptomatic COVID-19. For patients with DM and COVID-19 who require hospitalization, insulin-based treatment is recommended with cessation of metformin and SGLT2i. Further evidence from randomized or case-control clinical trials is necessary to elucidate the effectiveness and pitfalls of different types of medication for DM.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm9123962
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Article ; Online: Immunothrombosis biomarkers as potential predictive factors of acute respiratory distress syndrome in moderate-to-critical COVID-19: A single-center, retrospective cohort study.

Yiang, Giou-Teng / Wu, Yao-Kuang / Tsai, Kuo-Wang / Tzeng, I-Shiang / Hu, Wan-Chung / Liao, Min-Tser / Lu, Kuo-Cheng / Chung, Hsueh-Wen / Chao, You-Chen / Su, Wen-Lin

Immunology letters

2023 Volume 254, Page(s) 30–38

Abstract: Background: Immunothrombosis, a process of inflammation and coagulation, is involved in sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome formation (ARDS). However, the clinical correlation between immunothrombosis biomarkers (including tissue factor [ ... ...

Abstract	Background: Immunothrombosis, a process of inflammation and coagulation, is involved in sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome formation (ARDS). However, the clinical correlation between immunothrombosis biomarkers (including tissue factor [TF] and von Willebrand factor [vWF]) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related ARDS is unknown. This study investigated ARDS development following moderate-to-critical COVID-19 and examined immunothrombosis biomarkers as ARDS predictors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with moderate-to-critical COVID-19 (n = 165) admitted to a northern teaching hospital during the 2021 pandemic in Taiwan, who had no COVID-19 vaccinations. Immunothrombosis biomarkers were compared between COVID-19 patients with and without ARDS (no-ARDS) and a control group consisting of 100 healthy individuals. Results: The study included 58 ARDS and 107 no-ARDS patients. In multivariable analysis, TF (aOR=1.031, 95% CI: 1.009-1.053, p = 0.006); and vWF (aOR=1.053, 95% CI: 1.002-1.105, p = 0.041) were significantly associated with ARDS episodes, after adjusting for other confounding factors. vWF and TF predicted ARDS with the area under the curve of 0.870 (95% CI: 0.796-0.945). Further mechanical ventilation analysis found TF to be correlated significantly with pCO Conclusions: TF and vWF levels potentially predicted ARDS development within 7 days of admission for COVID-19 after adjusting for traditional risk factors. TF correlated with ventilation impairment in COVID-19 ARDS but further prospective studies are needed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; von Willebrand Factor/analysis ; Thromboinflammation ; COVID-19/complications ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	von Willebrand Factor ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	445150-8
ISSN	1879-0542 ; 0165-2478
ISSN (online)	1879-0542
ISSN	0165-2478
DOI	10.1016/j.imlet.2023.01.010
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Zs.A 1512: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Clinical utilization of multiple antibodies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for serodiagnosis evaluation of tuberculosis

DeWu Bi / ChaoJuan Liang / XiaoXian Huang / HuiDan Pan / Yue Qin / XiMing Shi / YunHua Tang / Ying Wang / MingMei Zhao / JianYan Lin / ZhouHua Xie / LeMin Wen / ChaoYou Chen / XiKe Tang / XiaoCheng Luo / HongHua Shao / XiaoLu Luo

Annals of Medicine, Vol 55, Iss

a retrospective observational cohort study

2023 Volume 1

Abstract: AbstractObjectives We aimed to investigate clinical uncertainties by characterizing the accuracy and utility of commercially available antibodies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the diagnostic assessment of suspected tuberculosis in high-burden ... ...

Abstract	AbstractObjectives We aimed to investigate clinical uncertainties by characterizing the accuracy and utility of commercially available antibodies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the diagnostic assessment of suspected tuberculosis in high-burden countries.Methods We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, cohort study among participants aged ≥ 18 years with suspected tuberculosis in Nanning, Guangxi, and China. Participants were tested for M. tuberculosis infection using commercially available antibodies against Mycobacterum tuberculosis. Specificity, sensitivity, negative and positive predictive values, and negative and positive likelihood ratios of the tests were determined. Sputum specimens and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were sent for mycobacterial culture, Xpert MTB/RIF assay, and cell-free M. tuberculosis DNA or RNA assay. Blood samples were used for IGRAs, T-cell counts (CD3 + CD4+ and CD3 + CD8+), and antibodies to tuberculosis test.Results Of the 1857 participants enrolled in this study, 1772 were included in the analyses, among which, 1311 were diagnosed with active tuberculosis. The specificity of antibody against 16kD for active tuberculosis was 92.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.3–95.4) with a positive likelihood ratio for active tuberculosis cases of 3.1 (95% CI: 2.1–4.7), which was higher than that of antibody to Rv1636 (90.5% [95% CI: 86.6–93.5]), antibody to 38kD (89.5% [95% CI: 85.5–92.7]), antibody against CFP-10 (82.6% [95% CI: 77.9–86.7]), and antibody against LAM (79.3% [95% CI: 74.3–83.7]). Sensitivity ranged from 15.8% (95% CI: 13.9–17.9) for antibody against Rv1636 to 32.9% (95% CI: 30.4–35.6) for antibody to LAM.Conclusions Commercially available antibodies against to Mycobacterium tuberculosis do not have sufficient sensitivity for the diagnostic evaluation of active tuberculosis. However, antibody against Rv1636 and 16kD may have sufficiently high specificities, high positive likelihood ratios, and correspondingly high positive predictive values to facilitate the rule-in of ...
Keywords	Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; active tuberculosis ; latent tuberculosis ; differential diagnosis ; antigen ; antibody ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	630 ; 572
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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