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  1. Article ; Online: The Ultrasound Signal Processing Based on High-Performance CORDIC Algorithm and Radial Artery Imaging Implementation

    Chaohong Zhang / Xingguang Geng / Fei Yao / Liyuan Liu / Ziyang Guo / Yitao Zhang / Yunfeng Wang

    Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 5664, p

    2023  Volume 5664

    Abstract: The radial artery reflects the largest amount of physiological and pathological information about the human body. However, ultrasound signal processing involves a large number of complex functions, and traditional digital signal processing can hardly ... ...

    Abstract The radial artery reflects the largest amount of physiological and pathological information about the human body. However, ultrasound signal processing involves a large number of complex functions, and traditional digital signal processing can hardly meet the requirements of real-time processing of ultrasound data. The research aims to improve computational accuracy and reduce the hardware complexity of ultrasound signal processing systems. Firstly, this paper proposes to apply the coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) algorithm to the whole radial artery ultrasound signal processing, combines the signal processing characteristics of each sub-module, and designs the dynamic filtering module based on the radix-4 CORDIC algorithm, the quadrature demodulation module based on the partitioned-hybrid CORDIC algorithm, and the dynamic range transformation module based on the improved scale-free CORDIC algorithm. A digital radial artery ultrasound imaging system was then built to verify the accuracy of the three sub-modules. The simulation results show that the use of the high-performance CORDIC algorithm can improve the accuracy of data processing. This provides a new idea for the real-time processing of ultrasound signals. Finally, radial artery ultrasound data were collected from 20 volunteers using different probe scanning modes at three reference positions. The vessel diameter measurements were averaged to verify the reliability of the CORDIC algorithm for radial artery ultrasound imaging, which has practical application value for computer-aided clinical diagnosis.
    Keywords radial artery ; ultrasound signal processing ; CORDIC algorithm ; dynamic filtering ; quadrature demodulation ; dynamic range transformation ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Ternary All-Polymer Solar Cells With 8.5% Power Conversion Efficiency and Excellent Thermal Stability

    Xi Liu / Chaohong Zhang / Shuting Pang / Ning Li / Christoph J. Brabec / Chunhui Duan / Fei Huang / Yong Cao

    Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol

    2020  Volume 8

    Abstract: All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) composed of polymer donors and acceptors have attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, the broad and efficient photon utilization of polymer:polymer blend films remains challenging. In our previous work, ...

    Abstract All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) composed of polymer donors and acceptors have attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, the broad and efficient photon utilization of polymer:polymer blend films remains challenging. In our previous work, we developed NOE10, a linear oligoethylene oxide (OE) side-chain modified naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based polymer acceptor which exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.1% when blended with a wide-bandgap polymer donor PBDT-TAZ. Herein, we report a ternary all-PSC strategy of incorporating a state-of-the-art narrow bandgap polymer (PTB7-Th) into the PBDT-TAZ:NOE10 binary system, which enables 8.5% PCEs within a broad ternary polymer ratio. We further demonstrate that, compared to the binary system, the improved photovoltaic performance of ternary all-PSCs benefits from the combined effect of enhanced photon absorption, more efficient charge generation, and balanced charge transport. Meanwhile, similar to the binary system, the ternary all-PSC also shows excellent thermal stability, maintaining 98% initial PCE after aging for 300 h at 65°C. This work demonstrates that the introduction of a narrow-bandgap polymer as a third photoactive component into ternary all-PSCs is an effective strategy to realize highly efficient and stable all-PSCs.
    Keywords all-polymer solar cells ; ternary solar cells ; power conversion efficiency ; thermal stability ; Förster resonant energy transfer ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
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  3. Article: Vacuolar processing enzyme (VvβVPE) from Vitis vinifera, processes seed proteins during ovule development, and accelerates seed germination in VvβVPE heterologously over-expressed Arabidopsis

    Gong, Peijie / Chaohong Zhang / Rong Wei / Yan Li / Yuejin Wang / Yujin Tang / Zhu Huijun

    Plant science. 2018 Sept., v. 274

    2018  

    Abstract: Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs), belonging to cysteine protease, are responsible for processing seed protein during maturation. Stenospermocarpic grapes occur self-abortion in fertilized embryos during the ovule development, which affects the ... ...

    Abstract Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs), belonging to cysteine protease, are responsible for processing seed protein during maturation. Stenospermocarpic grapes occur self-abortion in fertilized embryos during the ovule development, which affects the formation of matured seed proteins. However, little is known about VPE functions in ovule self-defeating. Here, we investigated the role of one seed-type VPE gene, VvβVPE. Sequence analysis showed that all ORFs (Open reading frames) of VvβVPE from 19 seed/seedless genotypes are highly conserved. At the transcriptional level, VvβVPE was specifically expressed during ovule development, with distinct expression patterns: it increased gradually in seeded grapes; while weakly expressed in seedless grapes. Whereas, at the translational level, 3 forms of VvβVPE were expressed during ovule development in seeded grape: precursor βVPE (pβVPE), intermediate βVPE (iβVPE) and finally, active mature βVPE (mβVPE). By contrast, in seedless grape, VvβVPE only exists as pβVPE at whole developmental stage of ovule. for confirming these expression patterns, 12 seeded/seedless genotypes were sampled and analyzed. Furthermore, VPE enzyme activity was increased in Arabidopsis overexpressing VvβVPE, leading to faster germination. Our study indicated that VvβVPE is essential for grapevine ovule maturation through various forms and is involved in seed germination.
    Keywords Arabidopsis ; cysteine proteinases ; enzyme activity ; genes ; genotype ; grapes ; open reading frames ; ovules ; proteins ; seed germination ; sequence analysis ; transcription (genetics) ; Vitis vinifera
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-09
    Size p. 420-431.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742010-9
    ISSN 1873-2259 ; 0168-9452
    ISSN (online) 1873-2259
    ISSN 0168-9452
    DOI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.06.023
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  4. Article: VpUR9, a novel RING-type ubiquitin ligase gene from Vitis pseudoreticulata, is involved in powdery mildew response in transgenic V. vinifera plants

    Dai, Lingmin / Chaohong Zhang / Jianxia Zhang / Xiaoqing Xie / Yan Xu / Yazhou Yang / Yuejin Wang

    Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture. 2017 Oct., v. 131, no. 1

    2017  

    Abstract: Ubiquitination plays important roles in disease resistance in plants. We report the identification and functional characterization of the RING-type ubiquitin ligase gene VpUR9 from Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1. VpUR9, encodes ... ...

    Abstract Ubiquitination plays important roles in disease resistance in plants. We report the identification and functional characterization of the RING-type ubiquitin ligase gene VpUR9 from Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1. VpUR9, encodes 164 amino acids and possesses a RING conserved motif. It is homologously cloned from the cDNA library of the high powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator [Schw.] Burr) resistant V. pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1 inoculated with E. necator. The gene is induced in response to powdery mildew and salicylic acid. VpUR9 fused with FLAG-tag controlled by 35S promoter was transformed into 15 regenerated V. vinifera L. cv. Red Globe lines via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Twelve of these lines were confirmed by Western blot of FLAG-tag. As a result, the powdery mildew-resistance of Red Globe transformed with VpUR9 was repressed. Furthermore, the expression of some disease-resistant related genes (NPR1, PR1, PR10 and PAL) of the transgenic Red Globe declined compared with wild type grapes when inoculated with powdery mildew or salicylic acid. When treated with jasmonic acid methyl ester, its PR1 gene expression decreased, while the expressions of NPR1, PR10 and PAL all increased, contrasting with the wild type grape.
    Keywords Agrobacterium radiobacter ; amino acids ; cDNA libraries ; complementary DNA ; disease resistance ; gene expression ; genes ; grapes ; methyl jasmonate ; powdery mildew ; promoter regions ; salicylic acid ; transgenic plants ; ubiquitination ; ubiquitin-protein ligase ; Uncinula necator ; Vitis vinifera ; Western blotting
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-10
    Size p. 41-49.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 406394-6
    ISSN 1573-5044 ; 0167-6857
    ISSN (online) 1573-5044
    ISSN 0167-6857
    DOI 10.1007/s11240-017-1260-1
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  5. Article ; Online: Gene Cloning, Expression and Enzyme Activity of Vitis vinifera Vacuolar Processing Enzymes (VvVPEs).

    Yujin Tang / Ruipu Wang / Peijie Gong / Shuxiu Li / Yuejin Wang / Chaohong Zhang

    PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 8, p e

    2016  Volume 0160945

    Abstract: Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) have received considerable attention due to their caspase-1-like activity and ability to regulate programmed cell death (PCD), which plays an essential role in the development of stenospermocarpic seedless grapes ovules. ...

    Abstract Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) have received considerable attention due to their caspase-1-like activity and ability to regulate programmed cell death (PCD), which plays an essential role in the development of stenospermocarpic seedless grapes ovules. To characterize VPEs and the relationship between stenospermocarpic grapes and the VPE gene family, we identified 3 Vitis vinifera VPE genes (VvβVPE, VvγVPE, and VvδVPE) from the PN40024 grape genome and cloned the full-length complementary DNAs (cDNAs) from the 'Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Noir' and 'Vitis vinifera cv. Thompson Seedless' varietals. Each of the VPEs contained a typical catalytic dyad [His (177), Cys (219)] and substrate binding pocket [Arg (112), Arg (389), Ser (395)], except that Ser (395) in the VvγVPE protein sequence was replaced with alanine. Phylogenetic analysis of 4 Arabidopsis thaliana and 6 Vitis vinifera VPEs revealed that the 10 VPEs form 3 major branches. Furthermore, the 6 grapevine VPEs share a similar gene structure, with 9 exons and 8 introns. The 6 grapevine VPEs are located on 3 different chromosomes. We also tested the enzymatic activity of recombinant VPEs expressed in the Pichia Pastoris expression system and found that the VvVPEs exhibit cysteine peptidase activity. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that VvδVPE is only expressed in flowers, buds and ovules, that VvγVPE is expressed in various tissues, and that VvβVPE was expressed in roots, flowers, buds and ovules. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) suggested that VvβVPE in seeded grapes increased significantly at 30 days after full-bloom (DAF), close to the timing of endosperm abortion at 32 DAF. These results suggested that VvβVPE is related to ovule abortion in seedless grapes. Our experiments provide a new perspective for understanding the mechanism of stenospermocarpic seedlessness and represent a useful reference for the further study of VPEs.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
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  6. Article: Isolation and analysis of differentially expressed genes during ovule abortion in the seedless grape

    Wang, Yanqing / Chaohong Zhang / Shuxiu Li / Xutong Zhang / Yuejin Wang

    Scientia horticulturae. 2016 Nov. 01, v. 211

    2016  

    Abstract: The propagation of seedless grapes is currently one of the most important global trends in agricultural production and consumption. However, stenospermocarpy has not been characterized at the molecular level to date. In the present study, cDNA sequence- ... ...

    Abstract The propagation of seedless grapes is currently one of the most important global trends in agricultural production and consumption. However, stenospermocarpy has not been characterized at the molecular level to date. In the present study, cDNA sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis using 17 SRAP primers was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes during ovule development in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Youngle and V. Vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir. A total of 24 ESTs were detected, with lengths ranging from 147bp to 1785bp. These ESTs were deposited to GenBank (Accession numbers JK818295–JK818319). EST differential expression analysis was performed in two grape species, followed by cloning, from which 8 genes were selected for expression profiling in different tissues during ovule development of V. vinifera L.cv. Youngle and V. Vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir. The genes YG7931, YG38221, and YG5571 showed stage-specific expression during ovule development.
    Keywords complementary DNA ; expressed sequence tags ; gene expression regulation ; genes ; grapes ; ovules ; tissues ; Vitis vinifera
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-1101
    Size p. 376-383.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 185557-8
    ISSN 0304-4238
    ISSN 0304-4238
    DOI 10.1016/j.scienta.2016.09.014
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  7. Article: Genetic transformation of a fruit-specific, highly expressed stilbene synthase gene from Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis

    Cheng, Siyan / Chaohong Zhang / Jianxia Zhang / Xiaoqing Xie / Xiping Wang / Yan Xu / Yuejin Wang

    Planta. 2016 Apr., v. 243, no. 4

    2016  

    Abstract: MAIN CONCLUSION : The stilbene synthase gene VqSTS6, from Chinese wild type Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2, increases the resveratrol content and pathogen resistance of transgenic plants of V. vinifera Thompson Seedless. This study ... ...

    Abstract MAIN CONCLUSION : The stilbene synthase gene VqSTS6, from Chinese wild type Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2, increases the resveratrol content and pathogen resistance of transgenic plants of V. vinifera Thompson Seedless. This study successfully created transgenic plants of V. vinifera Thompson Seedless which overexpressed VqSTS6, cloned from Chinese wild type V. quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2. Western blot and qRT-PCR showed a variable range in transcript levels among transgenic lines. The resistance to powdery mildew (Uncinula necator) was particularly enhanced in lines most highly expressing VqSTS6. Compared with the non-transformed controls, trans-resveratrol and other stilbene compounds were significantly increased in the transgenic lines. The correlation between high resveratrol content and high pathogen resistance in transgenic grapes is discussed. We hypothesize that the fruit-specific, highly expressed gene VqSTS6 from Chinese wild V. quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2, is directly involved in the resveratrol synthesis pathway in grapes, and plays an important role in the plant’s defense against pathogens. Genetic transformation of VqSTS6 explored the potential of the wild Chinese grape species for use in breeding, the results of which would raise both the disease resistance and the fruit quality of V. vinifera grapevines.
    Keywords breeding ; disease resistance ; fruit quality ; gene expression ; genes ; genetic transformation ; grapes ; pathogens ; powdery mildew ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; resveratrol ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; transgenic plants ; trihydroxystilbene synthase ; Uncinula necator ; Vitis heyneana ; Western blotting
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-04
    Size p. 1041-1053.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 208909-9
    ISSN 1432-2048 ; 0032-0935 ; 1866-2749
    ISSN (online) 1432-2048
    ISSN 0032-0935 ; 1866-2749
    DOI 10.1007/s00425-015-2459-1
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  8. Article ; Online: Resveratrol accumulation and its involvement in stilbene synthetic pathway of Chinese wild grapes during berry development using quantitative proteome analysis

    Ruimin Li / Xiaoqing Xie / Fuli Ma / Dan Wang / Lan Wang / Jianxia Zhang / Yan Xu / Xiping Wang / Chaohong Zhang / Yuejin Wang

    Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2017  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Attention has become focused on resveratrol not only because of its role in grapevine fungal resistance but also because of its benefits in human health. This report describes the Chinese wild grapevine Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Attention has become focused on resveratrol not only because of its role in grapevine fungal resistance but also because of its benefits in human health. This report describes the Chinese wild grapevine Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 in relation to the high resveratrol content of its ripe berries. In this study, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) tandem mass spectrometry strategy to quantify and identify proteome changes, resulting in the detection of a total of 3,751 proteins produced under natural conditions. Among the proteins quantified, a total of 578 differentially expressed proteins were detected between Danfeng-2 and Cabernet Sauvignon during berry development. Differentially expressed proteins are involved in secondary metabolism, biotic stress, abiotic stress and transport activity and indicate novel biological processes in Chinese wild grapevine. Eleven proteins involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism and stilbene synthesis were differently expressed between Danfeng-2 and Cabernet Sauvignon at the veraison stage of berry development. These findings suggest that Chinese wild V. quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 is an extremely important genetic resource for grape breeding and especially for increasing the resveratrol content of European grape cultivars for disease resistance and for improved human nutritional benefits.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
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  9. Article: Morphology Optimization via Side Chain Engineering Enables All-Polymer Solar Cells with Excellent Fill Factor and Stability

    Liu, Xi / Chaohong Zhang / Christoph J. Brabec / Chunhui Duan / Fei Huang / Feng Liu / Guillermo C. Bazan / Jing Wang / Mengmeng Li / Ning Li / René A. J. Janssen / Yong Cao / Zhicheng Hu

    Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2018 June 26, v. 140, no. 28

    2018  

    Abstract: All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) composed of conjugated polymers as both donor and acceptor components in bulk heterojunction photoactive layers have attracted increasing attention. However, it is a big challenge to achieve optimal morphology in ... ...

    Abstract All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) composed of conjugated polymers as both donor and acceptor components in bulk heterojunction photoactive layers have attracted increasing attention. However, it is a big challenge to achieve optimal morphology in polymer:polymer blends. In response, we report herein a new strategy to adjust the nanoscale organization for all-PSCs. Specifically, side chain engineering of the well-known naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based polymer N2200 is modulated by introducing a fraction of linear oligoethylene oxide (OE) side chains to replace branched alkyl chains on the NDI units and by synthesizing a series of NDI-based polymer acceptors NOEx, where x is the percentage of OE chain substituted NDI units relative to total NDI units. Compared to the reference polymer NOE0, OE-chain-containing polymer NOE10 offers a much higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.1% with a record high fill factor (FF) of 0.75 in all-PSCs. Moreover, the NOE10-based all-PSC exhibits excellent long-term and thermal stabilities with >97% of the initial PCE being maintained after 300 h of aging at 65 °C. This work demonstrates an effective morphology optimization strategy to achieve highly efficient and stable all-PSCs and shows the excellent potential of NOE10 as an alternative to commercially available acceptor polymers N2200.
    Keywords naphthalene ; polymers ; solar cells
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-0626
    Size p. 8934-8943.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 3155-0
    ISSN 1520-5126 ; 0002-7863
    ISSN (online) 1520-5126
    ISSN 0002-7863
    DOI 10.1021/jacs.8b05038
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  10. Article: Overexpression of VpEIFP1, a novel F-box/Kelch-repeat protein from wild Chinese Vitis pseudoreticulata, confers higher tolerance to powdery mildew by inducing thioredoxin z proteolysis

    Wang, Jie / Changyue Jiang / Chaohong Zhang / Chen Wang / Fuli Ma / Jianxia Zhang / Lei Wang / Rui Bao / Weihuo Tong / Wenkong Yao / Xiping Wang / Yan Xu / Yazhou Yang / Yuejin Wang

    Plant science. 2017 Oct., v. 263

    2017  

    Abstract: An F-box protein (VpEIFP1) induced by Erysiphe necator was isolated from Vitis pseudoreticulata, a wild Chinese grapevine species naturally resistant to powdery mildew (PM). It contains an F-box domain and two Kelch-repeat motifs. Expression profiles ... ...

    Abstract An F-box protein (VpEIFP1) induced by Erysiphe necator was isolated from Vitis pseudoreticulata, a wild Chinese grapevine species naturally resistant to powdery mildew (PM). It contains an F-box domain and two Kelch-repeat motifs. Expression profiles indicate the VpEIFP1 is strongly induced at both transcriptional and translational levels by PM infection. A subcellular localisation assay showed that VpEIFP1 is predominantly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of VpEIFP1 accelerated the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and up-regulated the expressions of ICS2, NPR1 and PR1 involved in defence responses, resulting in suppression of PM germination and growth. As an F-box protein, VpEIFP1 interacts with thioredoxin z (VpTrxz) in the yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) assay and in the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay. Decreased amounts of VpTrxz protein in transgenic grapevine leaves overexpressing VpEIFP1 were restored by proteasome inhibitor MG132, implying that VpEIFP1 mediated VpTrxz for degradation through the SCFVpEIFP1 (Skp1-Cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The RNA interference line of VpTrxz showed increased H2O2 accumulation following PM inoculation. We propose VpEIFP1 positively modulates the grapevine defence response to PM by inducing the degradation of VpTrxz via the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system.
    Keywords cytoplasm ; disease resistance ; F-box proteins ; fluorescence ; gene overexpression ; genetically modified organisms ; germination ; hydrogen peroxide ; Kelch repeats ; leaves ; powdery mildew ; proteasome endopeptidase complex ; proteasome inhibitors ; proteolysis ; RNA interference ; thioredoxins ; transcription (genetics) ; translation (genetics) ; ubiquitin-protein ligase ; Uncinula necator ; Vitis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-10
    Size p. 142-155.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742010-9
    ISSN 1873-2259 ; 0168-9452
    ISSN (online) 1873-2259
    ISSN 0168-9452
    DOI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.07.004
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