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Abstract	Objective: To assess Wisconsin physician knowledge, attitudes, and practices in obesity management. Methods: The Wisconsin Medical Society distributed an e-mail survey to 12,372 members with questions on obesity causes, barriers to documentation, and training in obesity management. Results: A total of 590 surveys (4.7%) were completed. Physicians had an accurate fund of knowledge. Reasons given for failure to document obesity were lack of reimbursement, lack of effective treatment, and discomfort in discussing obesity. Only 14% of responding physicians were optimistic about their patients achieving sustained weight loss and only 7% believed they have been successful at treating obesity. Training was infrequent in obesity management. Conclusions: Survey respondents indicated that additional training and effective tools would help treat obesity. Strategies should be developed that improve physician effectiveness in obesity management.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Electronic Health Records/utilization ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/prevention & control ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data ; Societies, Medical ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wisconsin
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	441051-8
ISSN	1098-1861 ; 0043-6542
ISSN	1098-1861 ; 0043-6542
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Abstract	Background: Subclavian and axillary artery injuries are uncommon. In addition to many open vascular repairs, endovascular techniques are used for definitive repair or vascular control of these anatomically challenging injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the relative roles of endovascular and open techniques in the management of subclavian and axillary artery injuries comparing hospital outcomes, and long-term limb viability. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective review of patients with subclavian or axillary artery injuries from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2014, was completed at 11 participating Western Trauma Association institutions. Statistical analysis included χ, t-tests, and Cochran-Armitage trend tests. A p value less than 0.05 was significant. Results: Two hundred twenty-three patients were included; mean age was 36 years, 84% were men. An increase in computed tomography angiography and decrease in conventional angiography was observed over time (p = 0.018). There were 120 subclavian and 119 axillary artery injuries. Procedure type was associated with injury grade (p < 0.001). Open operations were performed in 135 (61%) patients, including 93% of greater than 50% circumference lacerations and 83% of vessel transections. Endovascular repairs were performed in 38 (17%) patients; most frequently for pseudoaneurysms. Fourteen (6%) patients underwent a hybrid procedure. Use of endovascular versus open procedures did not increase over the duration of the study (p = 0.248). In-hospital mortality rate was 10%. Graft or stent thrombosis occurred in 7% and graft or stent infection occurred in 3% of patients. Mean follow-up was 1.6 ± 2.4 years (n = 150). Limb salvage was achieved in 216 (97%) patients. Conclusion: The management of subclavian and axillary artery injuries still requires a wide variety of open exposures and procedures, especially for the control of active hemorrhage from more than 50% vessel lacerations and transections. Endovascular repairs were used most often for pseudoaneurysms. Low early complication rates and limb salvage rates of 97% were observed after open and endovascular repairs. Level of evidence: Prognostic/epidemiologic, level IV.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Arm Injuries/complications ; Arm Injuries/diagnosis ; Arm Injuries/mortality ; Axillary Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Axillary Artery/injuries ; Axillary Artery/surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Endovascular Procedures/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospital Mortality/trends ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Societies, Medical ; Subclavian Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Subclavian Artery/injuries ; Subclavian Artery/surgery ; Survival Rate/trends ; Thoracic Injuries/complications ; Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis ; Thoracic Injuries/mortality ; Traumatology ; Treatment Outcome ; United States/epidemiology ; Vascular System Injuries/diagnosis ; Vascular System Injuries/etiology ; Vascular System Injuries/surgery ; Wounds, Penetrating/complications ; Wounds, Penetrating/diagnosis ; Wounds, Penetrating/mortality
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	2651070-4
ISSN	2163-0763 ; 2163-0755
ISSN (online)	2163-0763
ISSN	2163-0755
DOI	10.1097/TA.0000000000001645
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Article ; Online: Drosophila muller f elements maintain a distinct set of genomic properties over 40 million years of evolution.

Leung, Wilson / Shaffer, Christopher D / Reed, Laura K / Smith, Sheryl T / Barshop, William / Dirkes, William / Dothager, Matthew / Lee, Paul / Wong, Jeannette / Xiong, David / Yuan, Han / Bedard, James E J / Machone, Joshua F / Patterson, Seantay D / Price, Amber L / Turner, Bryce A / Robic, Srebrenka / Luippold, Erin K / McCartha, Shannon R /

Walji, Tezin A / Walker, Chelsea A / Saville, Kenneth / Abrams, Marita K / Armstrong, Andrew R / Armstrong, William / Bailey, Robert J / Barberi, Chelsea R / Beck, Lauren R / Blaker, Amanda L / Blunden, Christopher E / Brand, Jordan P / Brock, Ethan J / Brooks, Dana W / Brown, Marie / Butzler, Sarah C / Clark, Eric M / Clark, Nicole B / Collins, Ashley A / Cotteleer, Rebecca J / Cullimore, Peterson R / Dawson, Seth G / Docking, Carter T / Dorsett, Sasha L / Dougherty, Grace A / Downey, Kaitlyn A / Drake, Andrew P / Earl, Erica K / Floyd, Trevor G / Forsyth, Joshua D / Foust, Jonathan D / Franchi, Spencer L / Geary, James F / Hanson, Cynthia K / Harding, Taylor S / Harris, Cameron B / Heckman, Jonathan M / Holderness, Heather L / Howey, Nicole A / Jacobs, Dontae A / Jewell, Elizabeth S / Kaisler, Maria / Karaska, Elizabeth A / Kehoe, James L / Koaches, Hannah C / Koehler, Jessica / Koenig, Dana / Kujawski, Alexander J / Kus, Jordan E / Lammers, Jennifer A / Leads, Rachel R / Leatherman, Emily C / Lippert, Rachel N / Messenger, Gregory S / Morrow, Adam T / Newcomb, Victoria / Plasman, Haley J / Potocny, Stephanie J / Powers, Michelle K / Reem, Rachel M / Rennhack, Jonathan P / Reynolds, Katherine R / Reynolds, Lyndsey A / Rhee, Dong K / Rivard, Allyson B / Ronk, Adam J / Rooney, Meghan B / Rubin, Lainey S / Salbert, Luke R / Saluja, Rasleen K / Schauder, Taylor / Schneiter, Allison R / Schulz, Robert W / Smith, Karl E / Spencer, Sarah / Swanson, Bryant R / Tache, Melissa A / Tewilliager, Ashley A / Tilot, Amanda K / VanEck, Eve / Villerot, Matthew M / Vylonis, Megan B / Watson, David T / Wurzler, Juliana A / Wysocki, Lauren M / Yalamanchili, Monica / Zaborowicz, Matthew A / Emerson, Julia A / Ortiz, Carlos / Deuschle, Frederic J / DiLorenzo, Lauren A / Goeller, Katie L / Macchi, Christopher R / Muller, Sarah E / Pasierb, Brittany D / Sable, Joseph E / Tucci, Jessica M / Tynon, Marykathryn / Dunbar, David A / Beken, Levent H / Conturso, Alaina C / Danner, Benjamin L / DeMichele, Gabriella A / Gonzales, Justin A / Hammond, Maureen S / Kelley, Colleen V / Kelly, Elisabeth A / Kulich, Danielle / Mageeney, Catherine M / McCabe, Nikie L / Newman, Alyssa M / Spaeder, Lindsay A / Tumminello, Richard A / Revie, Dennis / Benson, Jonathon M / Cristostomo, Michael C / DaSilva, Paolo A / Harker, Katherine S / Jarrell, Jenifer N / Jimenez, Luis A / Katz, Brandon M / Kennedy, William R / Kolibas, Kimberly S / LeBlanc, Mark T / Nguyen, Trung T / Nicolas, Daniel S / Patao, Melissa D / Patao, Shane M / Rupley, Bryan J / Sessions, Bridget J / Weaver, Jennifer A / Goodman, Anya L / Alvendia, Erica L / Baldassari, Shana M / Brown, Ashley S / Chase, Ian O / Chen, Maida / Chiang, Scott / Cromwell, Avery B / Custer, Ashley F / DiTommaso, Tia M / El-Adaimi, Jad / Goscinski, Nora C / Grove, Ryan A / Gutierrez, Nestor / Harnoto, Raechel S / Hedeen, Heather / Hong, Emily L / Hopkins, Barbara L / Huerta, Vilma F / Khoshabian, Colin / LaForge, Kristin M / Lee, Cassidy T / Lewis, Benjamin M / Lydon, Anniken M / Maniaci, Brian J / Mitchell, Ryan D / Morlock, Elaine V / Morris, William M / Naik, Priyanka / Olson, Nicole C / Osterloh, Jeannette M / Perez, Marcos A / Presley, Jonathan D / Randazzo, Matt J / Regan, Melanie K / Rossi, Franca G / Smith, Melanie A / Soliterman, Eugenia A / Sparks, Ciani J / Tran, Danny L / Wan, Tiffany / Welker, Anne A / Wong, Jeremy N / Sreenivasan, Aparna / Youngblom, Jim / Adams, Andrew / Alldredge, Justin / Bryant, Ashley / Carranza, David / Cifelli, Alyssa / Coulson, Kevin / Debow, Calise / Delacruz, Noelle / Emerson, Charlene / Farrar, Cassandra / Foret, Don / Garibay, Edgar / Gooch, John / Heslop, Michelle / Kaur, Sukhjit / Khan, Ambreen / Kim, Van / Lamb, Travis / Lindbeck, Peter / Lucas, Gabi / Macias, Elizabeth / Martiniuc, Daniela / Mayorga, Lissett / Medina, Joseph / Membreno, Nelson / Messiah, Shady / Neufeld, Lacey / Nguyen, San Francisco / Nichols, Zachary / Odisho, George / Peterson, Daymon / Rodela, Laura / Rodriguez, Priscilla / Rodriguez, Vanessa / Ruiz, Jorge / Sherrill, Will / Silva, Valeria / Sparks, Jeri / Statton, Geeta / Townsend, Ashley / Valdez, Isabel / Waters, Mary / Westphal, Kyle / Winkler, Stacey / Zumkehr, Joannee / DeJong, Randall J / Hoogewerf, Arlene J / Ackerman, Cheri M / Armistead, Isaac O / Baatenburg, Lara / Borr, Matthew J / Brouwer, Lindsay K / Burkhart, Brandon J / Bushhouse, Kelsey T / Cesko, Lejla / Choi, Tiffany Y Y / Cohen, Heather / Damsteegt, Amanda M / Darusz, Jess M / Dauphin, Cory M / Davis, Yelena P / Diekema, Emily J / Drewry, Melissa / Eisen, Michelle E M / Faber, Hayley M / Faber, Katherine J / Feenstra, Elizabeth / Felzer-Kim, Isabella T / Hammond, Brandy L / Hendriksma, Jesse / Herrold, Milton R / Hilbrands, Julia A / Howell, Emily J / Jelgerhuis, Sarah A / Jelsema, Timothy R / Johnson, Benjamin K / Jones, Kelly K / Kim, Anna / Kooienga, Ross D / Menyes, Erika E / Nollet, Eric A / Plescher, Brittany E / Rios, Lindsay / Rose, Jenny L / Schepers, Allison J / Scott, Geoff / Smith, Joshua R / Sterling, Allison M / Tenney, Jenna C / Uitvlugt, Chris / VanDyken, Rachel E / VanderVennen, Marielle / Vue, Samantha / Kokan, Nighat P / Agbley, Kwabea / Boham, Sampson K / Broomfield, Daniel / Chapman, Kayla / Dobbe, Ali / Dobbe, Ian / Harrington, William / Ibrahem, Marwan / Kennedy, Andre / Koplinsky, Chad A / Kubricky, Cassandra / Ladzekpo, Danielle / Pattison, Claire / Ramirez, Roman E / Wande, Lucia / Woehlke, Sarah / Wawersik, Matthew / Kiernan, Elizabeth / Thompson, Jeffrey S / Banker, Roxanne / Bartling, Justina R / Bhatiya, Chinmoy I / Boudoures, Anna L / Christiansen, Lena / Fosselman, Daniel S / French, Kristin M / Gill, Ishwar S / Havill, Jessen T / Johnson, Jaelyn L / Keny, Lauren J / Kerber, John M / Klett, Bethany M / Kufel, Christina N / May, Francis J / Mecoli, Jonathan P / Merry, Callie R / Meyer, Lauren R / Miller, Emily G / Mullen, Gregory J / Palozola, Katherine C / Pfeil, Jacob J / Thomas, Jessica G / Verbofsky, Evan M / Spana, Eric P / Agarwalla, Anant / Chapman, Julia / Chlebina, Ben / Chong, Insun / Falk, I N / Fitzgibbons, John D / Friedman, Harrison / Ighile, Osagie / Kim, Andrew J / Knouse, Kristin A / Kung, Faith / Mammo, Danny / Ng, Chun Leung / Nikam, Vinayak S / Norton, Diana / Pham, Philip / Polk, Jessica W / Prasad, Shreya / Rankin, Helen / Ratliff, Camille D / Scala, Victoria / Schwartz, Nicholas U / Shuen, Jessica A / Xu, Amy / Xu, Thomas Q / Zhang, Yi / Rosenwald, Anne G / Burg, Martin G / Adams, Stephanie J / Baker, Morgan / Botsford, Bobbi / Brinkley, Briana / Brown, Carter / Emiah, Shadie / Enoch, Erica / Gier, Chad / Greenwell, Alyson / Hoogenboom, Lindsay / Matthews, Jordan E / McDonald, Mitchell / Mercer, Amanda / Monsma, Nicholaus / Ostby, Kristine / Ramic, Alen / Shallman, Devon / Simon, Matthew / Spencer, Eric / Tomkins, Trisha / Wendland, Pete / Wylie, Anna / Wolyniak, Michael J / Robertson, Gregory M / Smith, Samuel I / DiAngelo, Justin R / Sassu, Eric D / Bhalla, Satish C / Sharif, Karim A / Choeying, Tenzin / Macias, Jason S / Sanusi, Fareed / Torchon, Karvyn / Bednarski, April E / Alvarez, Consuelo J / Davis, Kristen C / Dunham, Carrie A / Grantham, Alaina J / Hare, Amber N / Schottler, Jennifer / Scott, Zackary W / Kuleck, Gary A / Yu, Nicole S / Kaehler, Marian M / Jipp, Jacob / Overvoorde, Paul J / Shoop, Elizabeth / Cyrankowski, Olivia / Hoover, Betsy / Kusner, Matt / Lin, Devry / Martinov, Tijana / Misch, Jonathan / Salzman, Garrett / Schiedermayer, Holly / Snavely, Michael / Zarrasola, Stephanie / Parrish, Susan / Baker, Atlee / Beckett, Alissa / Belella, Carissa / Bryant, Julie / Conrad, Turner / Fearnow, Adam / Gomez, Carolina / Herbstsomer, Robert A / Hirsch, Sarah / Johnson, Christen / Jones, Melissa / Kabaso, Rita / Lemmon, Eric / Vieira, Carolina Marques Dos Santos / McFarland, Darryl / McLaughlin, Christopher / Morgan, Abbie / Musokotwane, Sepo / Neutzling, William / Nietmann, Jana / Paluskievicz, Christina / Penn, Jessica / Peoples, Emily / Pozmanter, Caitlin / Reed, Emily / Rigby, Nichole / Schmidt, Lasse / Shelton, Micah / Shuford, Rebecca / Tirasawasdichai, Tiara / Undem, Blair / Urick, Damian / Vondy, Kayla / Yarrington, Bryan / Eckdahl, Todd T / Poet, Jeffrey L / Allen, Alica B / Anderson, John E / Barnett, Jason M / Baumgardner, Jordan S / Brown, Adam D / Carney, Jordan E / Chavez, Ramiro A / Christgen, Shelbi L / Christie, Jordan S / Clary, Andrea N / Conn, Michel A / Cooper, Kristen M / Crowley, Matt J / Crowley, Samuel T / Doty, Jennifer S / Dow, Brian A / Edwards, Curtis R / Elder, Darcie D / Fanning, John P / Janssen, Bridget M / Lambright, Anthony K / Lane, Curtiss E / Limle, Austin B / Mazur, Tammy / McCracken, Marly R / McDonough, Alexa M / Melton, Amy D / Minnick, Phillip J / Musick, Adam E / Newhart, William H / Noynaert, Joseph W / Ogden, Bradley J / Sandusky, Michael W / Schmuecker, Samantha M / Shipman, Anna L / Smith, Anna L / Thomsen, Kristen M / Unzicker, Matthew R / Vernon, William B / Winn, Wesley W / Woyski, Dustin S / Zhu, Xiao / Du, Chunguang / Ament, Caitlin / Aso, Soham / Bisogno, Laura Simone / Caronna, Jason / Fefelova, Nadezhda / Lopez, Lenin / Malkowitz, Lorraine / Marra, Jonathan / Menillo, Daniella / Obiorah, Ifeanyi / Onsarigo, Eric Nyabeta / Primus, Shekerah / Soos, Mahdi / Tare, Archana / Zidan, Ameer / Jones, Christopher J / Aronhalt, Todd / Bellush, James M / Burke, Christa / DeFazio, Steve / Does, Benjamin R / Johnson, Todd D / Keysock, Nicholas / Knudsen, Nelson H / Messler, James / Myirski, Kevin / Rekai, Jade Lea / Rempe, Ryan Michael / Salgado, Michael S / Stagaard, Erica / Starcher, Justin R / Waggoner, Andrew W / Yemelyanova, Anastasia K / Hark, Amy T / Bertolet, Anne / Kuschner, Cyrus E / Parry, Kesley / Quach, Michael / Shantzer, Lindsey / Shaw, Mary E / Smith, Mary A / Glenn, Omolara / Mason, Portia / Williams, Charlotte / Key, S Catherine Silver / Henry, Tyneshia C P / Johnson, Ashlee G / White, Jackie X / Haberman, Adam / Asinof, Sam / Drumm, Kelly / Freeburg, Trip / Safa, Nadia / Schultz, Darrin / Shevin, Yakov / Svoronos, Petros / Vuong, Tam / Wellinghoff, Jules / Hoopes, Laura L M / Chau, Kim M / Ward, Alyssa / Regisford, E Gloria C / Augustine, LaJerald / Davis-Reyes, Brionna / Echendu, Vivienne / Hales, Jasmine / Ibarra, Sharon / Johnson, Lauriaun / Ovu, Steven / Braverman, John M / Bahr, Thomas J / Caesar, Nicole M / Campana, Christopher / Cassidy, Daniel W / Cognetti, Peter A / English, Johnathan D / Fadus, Matthew C / Fick, Cameron N / Freda, Philip J / Hennessy, Bryan M / Hockenberger, Kelsey / Jones, Jennifer K / King, Jessica E / Knob, Christopher R / Kraftmann, Karen J / Li, Linghui / Lupey, Lena N / Minniti, Carl J / Minton, Thomas F / Moran, Joseph V / Mudumbi, Krishna / Nordman, Elizabeth C / Puetz, William J / Robinson, Lauren M / Rose, Thomas J / Sweeney, Edward P / Timko, Ashley S / Paetkau, Don W / Eisler, Heather L / Aldrup, Megan E / Bodenberg, Jessica M / Cole, Mara G / Deranek, Kelly M / DeShetler, Megan / Dowd, Rose M / Eckardt, Alexandra K / Ehret, Sharon C / Fese, Jessica / Garrett, Amanda D / Kammrath, Anna / Kappes, Michelle L / Light, Morgan R / Meier, Anne C / O'Rouke, Allison / Perella, Mallory / Ramsey, Kimberley / Ramthun, Jennifer R / Reilly, Mary T / Robinett, Deirdre / Rossi, Nadine L / Schueler, Mary Grace / Shoemaker, Emma / Starkey, Kristin M / Vetor, Ashley / Vrable, Abby / Chandrasekaran, Vidya / Beck, Christopher / Hatfield, Kristen R / Herrick, Douglas A / Khoury, Christopher B / Lea, Charlotte / Louie, Christopher A / Lowell, Shannon M / Reynolds, Thomas J / Schibler, Jeanine / Scoma, Alexandra H / Smith-Gee, Maxwell T / Tuberty, Sarah / Smith, Christopher D / Lopilato, Jane E / Hauke, Jeanette / Roecklein-Canfield, Jennifer A / Corrielus, Maureen / Gilman, Hannah / Intriago, Stephanie / Maffa, Amanda / Rauf, Sabya A / Thistle, Katrina / Trieu, Melissa / Winters, Jenifer / Yang, Bib / Hauser, Charles R / Abusheikh, Tariq / Ashrawi, Yara / Benitez, Pedro / Boudreaux, Lauren R / Bourland, Megan / Chavez, Miranda / Cruz, Samantha / Elliott, GiNell / Farek, Jesse R / Flohr, Sarah / Flores, Amanda H / Friedrichs, Chelsey / Fusco, Zach / Goodwin, Zane / Helmreich, Eric / Kiley, John / Knepper, John Mark / Langner, Christine / Martinez, Megan / Mendoza, Carlos / Naik, Monal / Ochoa, Andrea / Ragland, Nicolas / Raimey, England / Rathore, Sunil / Reza, Evangelina / Sadovsky, Griffin / Seydoux, Marie-Isabelle B / Smith, Jonathan E / Unruh, Anna K / Velasquez, Vicente / Wolski, Matthew W / Gosser, Yuying / Govind, Shubha / Clarke-Medley, Nicole / Guadron, Leslie / Lau, Dawn / Lu, Alvin / Mazzeo, Cheryl / Meghdari, Mariam / Ng, Simon / Pamnani, Brad / Plante, Olivia / Shum, Yuki Kwan Wa / Song, Roy / Johnson, Diana E / Abdelnabi, Mai / Archambault, Alexi / Chamma, Norma / Gaur, Shailly / Hammett, Deborah / Kandahari, Adrese / Khayrullina, Guzal / Kumar, Sonali / Lawrence, Samantha / Madden, Nigel / Mandelbaum, Max / Milnthorp, Heather / Mohini, Shiv / Patel, Roshni / Peacock, Sarah J / Perling, Emily / Quintana, Amber / Rahimi, Michael / Ramirez, Kristen / Singhal, Rishi / Weeks, Corinne / Wong, Tiffany / Gillis, Aubree T / Moore, Zachary D / Savell, Christopher D / Watson, Reece / Mel, Stephanie F / Anilkumar, Arjun A / Bilinski, Paul / Castillo, Rostislav / Closser, Michael / Cruz, Nathalia M / Dai, Tiffany / Garbagnati, Giancarlo F / Horton, Lanor S / Kim, Dongyeon / Lau, Joyce H / Liu, James Z / Mach, Sandy D / Phan, Thu A / Ren, Yi / Stapleton, Kenneth E / Strelitz, Jean M / Sunjed, Ray / Stamm, Joyce / Anderson, Morgan C / Bonifield, Bethany Grace / Coomes, Daniel / Dillman, Adam / Durchholz, Elaine J / Fafara-Thompson, Antoinette E / Gross, Meleah J / Gygi, Amber M / Jackson, Lesley E / Johnson, Amy / Kocsisova, Zuzana / Manghelli, Joshua L / McNeil, Kylie / Murillo, Michael / Naylor, Kierstin L / Neely, Jessica / Ogawa, Emmy E / Rich, Ashley / Rogers, Anna / Spencer, J Devin / Stemler, Kristina M / Throm, Allison A / Van Camp, Matt / Weihbrecht, Katie / Wiles, T Aaron / Williams, Mallory A / Williams, Matthew / Zoll, Kyle / Bailey, Cheryl / Zhou, Leming / Balthaser, Darla M / Bashiri, Azita / Bower, Mindy E / Florian, Kayla A / Ghavam, Nazanin / Greiner-Sosanko, Elizabeth S / Karim, Helmet / Mullen, Victor W / Pelchen, Carly E / Yenerall, Paul M / Zhang, Jiayu / Rubin, Michael R / Arias-Mejias, Suzette M / Bermudez-Capo, Armando G / Bernal-Vega, Gabriela V / Colon-Vazquez, Mariela / Flores-Vazquez, Arelys / Gines-Rosario, Mariela / Llavona-Cartagena, Ivan G / Martinez-Rodriguez, Javier O / Ortiz-Fuentes, Lionel / Perez-Colomba, Eliezer O / Perez-Otero, Joseph / Rivera, Elisandra / Rodriguez-Giron, Luke J / Santiago-Sanabria, Arnaldo J / Senquiz-Gonzalez, Andrea M / delValle, Frank R Soto / Vargas-Franco, Dorianmarie / Velázquez-Soto, Karla I / Zambrana-Burgos, Joan D / Martinez-Cruzado, Juan Carlos / Asencio-Zayas, Lillyann / Babilonia-Figueroa, Kevin / Beauchamp-Pérez, Francis D / Belén-Rodríguez, Juliana / Bracero-Quiñones, Luciann / Burgos-Bula, Andrea P / Collado-Méndez, Xavier A / Colón-Cruz, Luis R / Correa-Muller, Ana I / Crooke-Rosado, Jonathan L / Cruz-García, José M / Defendini-Ávila, Marianna / Delgado-Peraza, Francheska M / Feliciano-Cancela, Alex J / Gónzalez-Pérez, Valerie M / Guiblet, Wilfried / Heredia-Negrón, Aldo / Hernández-Muñiz, Jennifer / Irizarry-González, Lourdes N / Laboy-Corales, Ángel L / Llaurador-Caraballo, Gabriela A / Marín-Maldonado, Frances / Marrero-Llerena, Ulises / Martell-Martínez, Héctor A / Martínez-Traverso, Idaliz M / Medina-Ortega, Kiara N / Méndez-Castellanos, Sonya G / Menéndez-Serrano, Krizia C / Morales-Caraballo, Carol I / Ortiz-DeChoudens, Saryleine / Ortiz-Ortiz, Patricia / Pagán-Torres, Hendrick / Pérez-Afanador, Diana / Quintana-Torres, Enid M / Ramírez-Aponte, Edwin G / Riascos-Cuero, Carolina / Rivera-Llovet, Michelle S / Rivera-Pagán, Ingrid T / Rivera-Vicéns, Ramón E / Robles-Juarbe, Fabiola / Rodríguez-Bonilla, Lorraine / Rodríguez-Echevarría, Brian O / Rodríguez-García, Priscila M / Rodríguez-Laboy, Abneris E / Rodríguez-Santiago, Susana / Rojas-Vargas, Michael L / Rubio-Marrero, Eva N / Santiago-Colón, Albeliz / Santiago-Ortiz, Jorge L / Santos-Ramos, Carlos E / Serrano-González, Joseline / Tamayo-Figueroa, Alina M / Tascón-Peñaranda, Edna P / Torres-Castillo, José L / Valentín-Feliciano, Nelson A / Valentín-Feliciano, Yashira M / Vargas-Barreto, Nadyan M / Vélez-Vázquez, Miguel / Vilanova-Vélez, Luis R / Zambrana-Echevarría, Cristina / MacKinnon, Christy / Chung, Hui-Min / Kay, Chris / Pinto, Anthony / Kopp, Olga R / Burkhardt, Joshua / Harward, Chris / Allen, Robert / Bhat, Pavan / Chang, Jimmy Hsiang-Chun / Chen, York / Chesley, Christopher / Cohn, Dara / DuPuis, David / Fasano, Michael / Fazzio, Nicholas / Gavinski, Katherine / Gebreyesus, Heran / Giarla, Thomas / Gostelow, Marcus / Greenstein, Rachel / Gunasinghe, Hashini / Hanson, Casey / Hay, Amanda / He, Tao Jian / Homa, Katie / Howe, Ruth / Howenstein, Jeff / Huang, Henry / Khatri, Aaditya / Kim, Young Lu / Knowles, Olivia / Kong, Sarah / Krock, Rebecca / Kroll, Matt / Kuhn, Julia / Kwong, Matthew / Lee, Brandon / Lee, Ryan / Levine, Kevin / Li, Yedda / Liu, Bo / Liu, Lucy / Liu, Max / Lousararian, Adam / Ma, Jimmy / Mallya, Allyson / Manchee, Charlie / Marcus, Joseph / McDaniel, Stephen / Miller, Michelle L / Molleston, Jerome M / Diez, Cristina Montero / Ng, Patrick / Ngai, Natalie / Nguyen, Hien / Nylander, Andrew / Pollack, Jason / Rastogi, Suchita / Reddy, Himabindu / Regenold, Nathaniel / Sarezky, Jon / Schultz, Michael / Shim, Jien / Skorupa, Tara / Smith, Kenneth / Spencer, Sarah J / Srikanth, Priya / Stancu, Gabriel / Stein, Andrew P / Strother, Marshall / Sudmeier, Lisa / Sun, Mengyang / Sundaram, Varun / Tazudeen, Noor / Tseng, Alan / Tzeng, Albert / Venkat, Rohit / Venkataram, Sandeep / Waldman, Leah / Wang, Tracy / Yang, Hao / Yu, Jack Y / Zheng, Yin / Preuss, Mary L / Garcia, Angelica / Juergens, Matt / Morris, Robert W / Nagengast, Alexis A / Azarewicz, Julie / Carr, Thomas J / Chichearo, Nicole / Colgan, Mike / Donegan, Megan / Gardner, Bob / Kolba, Nik / Krumm, Janice L / Lytle, Stacey / MacMillian, Laurell / Miller, Mary / Montgomery, Andrew / Moretti, Alysha / Offenbacker, Brittney / Polen, Mike / Toth, John / Woytanowski, John / Kadlec, Lisa / Crawford, Justin / Spratt, Mary L / Adams, Ashley L / Barnard, Brianna K / Cheramie, Martin N / Eime, Anne M / Golden, Kathryn L / Hawkins, Allyson P / Hill, Jessica E / Kampmeier, Jessica A / Kern, Cody D / Magnuson, Emily E / Miller, Ashley R / Morrow, Cody M / Peairs, Julia C / Pickett, Gentry L / Popelka, Sarah A / Scott, Alexis J / Teepe, Emily J / TerMeer, Katie A / Watchinski, Carmen A / Watson, Lucas A / Weber, Rachel E / Woodard, Kate A / Barnard, Daron C / Appiah, Isaac / Giddens, Michelle M / McNeil, Gerard P / Adebayo, Adeola / Bagaeva, Kate / Chinwong, Justina / Dol, Chrystel / George, Eunice / Haltaufderhyde, Kirk / Haye, Joanna / Kaur, Manpreet / Semon, Max / Serjanov, Dmitri / Toorie, Anika / Wilson, Christopher / Riddle, Nicole C / Buhler, Jeremy / Mardis, Elaine R / Elgin, Sarah C R

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)

2015 Volume 5, Issue 5, Page(s) 719–740

Abstract: The Muller F element (4.2 Mb, ~80 protein-coding genes) is an unusual autosome of Drosophila melanogaster; it is mostly heterochromatic with a low recombination rate. To investigate how these properties impact the evolution of repeats and genes, we ... ...

Abstract	The Muller F element (4.2 Mb, ~80 protein-coding genes) is an unusual autosome of Drosophila melanogaster; it is mostly heterochromatic with a low recombination rate. To investigate how these properties impact the evolution of repeats and genes, we manually improved the sequence and annotated the genes on the D. erecta, D. mojavensis, and D. grimshawi F elements and euchromatic domains from the Muller D element. We find that F elements have greater transposon density (25-50%) than euchromatic reference regions (3-11%). Among the F elements, D. grimshawi has the lowest transposon density (particularly DINE-1: 2% vs. 11-27%). F element genes have larger coding spans, more coding exons, larger introns, and lower codon bias. Comparison of the Effective Number of Codons with the Codon Adaptation Index shows that, in contrast to the other species, codon bias in D. grimshawi F element genes can be attributed primarily to selection instead of mutational biases, suggesting that density and types of transposons affect the degree of local heterochromatin formation. F element genes have lower estimated DNA melting temperatures than D element genes, potentially facilitating transcription through heterochromatin. Most F element genes (~90%) have remained on that element, but the F element has smaller syntenic blocks than genome averages (3.4-3.6 vs. 8.4-8.8 genes per block), indicating greater rates of inversion despite lower rates of recombination. Overall, the F element has maintained characteristics that are distinct from other autosomes in the Drosophila lineage, illuminating the constraints imposed by a heterochromatic milieu.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Codon ; Computational Biology ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Drosophila/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Exons ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genome ; Genomics ; Heterochromatin ; Introns ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Polytene Chromosomes ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selection, Genetic ; Species Specificity
Chemical Substances	Codon ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Drosophila Proteins ; Heterochromatin
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2629978-1
ISSN	2160-1836 ; 2160-1836
ISSN (online)	2160-1836
ISSN	2160-1836
DOI	10.1534/g3.114.015966
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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